33:
46:
343:
This species is widely distributed in
Central and South America, extending to North Carolina in North America. In South America the lichen has been collected from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, and Guyana. It has also been recorded from Asia, Africa, Papua New Guinea,
291:
are whitish, measuring 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) long, abundantly brown, rarely branched, acute or forming, tiny cups, with small scales, especially at the base.
744:
796:
679:
931:
880:
718:
757:
822:
583:
Cornelissen, J.C.H.; Ter Steege, H. (1989). "Distribution and ecology of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens in dry evergreen forest of Guyana".
567:
956:
936:
981:
961:
966:
976:
762:
951:
971:
666:
801:
941:
45:
946:
369:
657:
308:
926:
32:
619:
323:
304:
140:
395:
872:
710:
257:
268:, Brazil, in the Caraça Mountains, at an elevation of 1,400 m (4,600 ft). German botanist
439:
Sandstede, H. (1922). "Flechten des nordwestdeutschen
Tieflandes und der deutschen Nordseeinseln".
245:
788:
827:
600:
528:
353:
269:
170:
40:
749:
921:
809:
692:
563:
332:
814:
592:
480:
403:
296:
249:
225:
87:
867:
705:
328:
261:
684:
915:
345:
428:. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica (in Latin). Vol. 10. p. 338.
312:
265:
229:
107:
697:
671:
858:
642:
783:
731:
651:
295:
are scarce; when present, they are reddish or brown, and spherical. In terms of
97:
596:
77:
292:
233:
57:
893:
852:
770:
636:
117:
532:
485:
464:
885:
723:
604:
315:, and the chemically uncharacterized compounds called Cph-1 and Cph-2.
288:
284:
161:
736:
898:
775:
183:
67:
613:
503:
Stenroos, Soili (1988). "The family
Cladoniaceae in Melanesia. 3.
357:
157:
236:, Australia, New Zealand, and South, Central, and North America.
617:
327:; these species can be separated by chemistry. According to
469:(Cladoniaceae-liquenes) de Argentina y regiones limitrofes"
390:
388:
441:
458:
456:
454:
546:
Ahti, T.; Kashiwadani, H. (1984). "The Lichen genera
303:
is PD+ red and K−. It contains the lichen substances
838:
626:
272:promoted it to distinct species status in 1922.
498:
496:
8:
426:Monographia Cladoniarum universalis. Pars II
558:in southern Chile". In Inoue, Inoue (ed.).
614:
31:
20:
484:
465:"Contribucion al conocimiento del genero
560:Studies on cryptogams in southern Chile
384:
562:. Tokyo: Kenseisha. pp. 125–149.
7:
287:that is small and stands erect. The
224:is a widely distributed species of
932:Taxa named by Edvard August Vainio
264:, collected in 1885, was found in
14:
463:Ferraro, L.I.; Ahti, T. (1987).
356:, preferring substrates such as
44:
232:. It is found in Asia, Africa,
348:, Australia, and New Zealand.
1:
331:, however, these species are
585:Journal of Tropical Ecology
998:
957:Lichens of Central America
244:The lichen was originally
937:Lichens described in 1894
597:10.1017/S0266467400003400
256:by Finnish lichenologist
176:
169:
146:
139:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
982:Lichens of South America
962:Lichens of North America
521:Annales Botanici Fennici
339:Habitat and distribution
321:has been confused with
309:fumarprotocetraric acid
967:Lichens of New Zealand
977:Lichens of New Guinea
424:Vainio, E.A. (1894).
210:(Cromb.) Vain. (1894)
952:Lichens of Australia
283:has a scaly primary
258:Edvard August Vainio
840:Cladonia fimbriata
658:Cladonia subradiata
628:Cladonia subradiata
486:10.30972/bon.611505
398:Cladonia subradiata
354:montane rainforests
350:Cladonia subradiata
319:Cladonia subradiata
301:Cladonia subradiata
281:Cladonia subradiata
221:Cladonia subradiata
150:Cladonia subradiata
25:Cladonia subradiata
972:Lichens of Oceania
324:Cladonia balfourii
305:protocetraric acid
270:Heinrich Sandstede
254:Cladonia fimbriata
203:Cladonia fimbriata
191:Cladonia fimbriata
180:Cladonia balfourii
132:C. subradiata
942:Lichens of Africa
909:
908:
810:Open Tree of Life
620:Taxon identifiers
569:978-4-905869-19-1
352:grows in primary
297:lichen spot tests
217:
216:
16:Species of lichen
989:
902:
901:
889:
888:
876:
875:
863:
862:
861:
843:
831:
830:
818:
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805:
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792:
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779:
778:
766:
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491:
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460:
449:
448:
436:
430:
429:
421:
415:
414:
412:
410:
404:Species Fungorum
392:
226:fruticose lichen
211:
199:
187:
152:
49:
48:
35:
21:
997:
996:
992:
991:
990:
988:
987:
986:
947:Lichens of Asia
912:
911:
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905:
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866:
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856:
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841:
834:
826:
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795:
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774:
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756:
748:
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612:
582:
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545:
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540:
502:
501:
494:
462:
461:
452:
438:
437:
433:
423:
422:
418:
408:
406:
400:(Vain.) Sandst"
394:
393:
386:
382:
366:
341:
278:
242:
209:
197:
182:
165:
154:
148:
135:
88:Lecanoromycetes
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
995:
993:
985:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
927:Lichen species
924:
914:
913:
907:
906:
904:
903:
890:
877:
864:
848:
846:
836:
835:
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832:
819:
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793:
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754:
741:
728:
715:
702:
689:
676:
663:
648:
632:
630:
624:
623:
618:
611:
610:
591:(2): 131–150.
575:
568:
538:
527:(2): 117–148.
492:
475:(in Spanish).
450:
431:
416:
383:
381:
378:
377:
376:
365:
362:
360:and boulders.
340:
337:
329:Index Fungorum
277:
274:
241:
238:
228:in the family
215:
214:
213:
212:
200:
188:
174:
173:
167:
166:
155:
144:
143:
137:
136:
129:
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115:
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105:
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100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
994:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
917:
900:
895:
891:
887:
882:
878:
874:
869:
865:
860:
854:
850:
849:
847:
845:
837:
829:
824:
820:
816:
811:
807:
803:
798:
794:
790:
785:
781:
777:
772:
768:
764:
759:
755:
751:
746:
742:
738:
733:
729:
725:
720:
716:
712:
707:
703:
699:
694:
690:
686:
681:
677:
673:
668:
664:
659:
653:
649:
644:
638:
634:
633:
631:
629:
625:
621:
616:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
579:
576:
571:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
542:
539:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
499:
497:
493:
487:
482:
478:
474:
470:
468:
459:
457:
455:
451:
447:(2): 224–248.
446:
443:(in German).
442:
435:
432:
427:
420:
417:
405:
401:
399:
391:
389:
385:
379:
375:
373:
368:
367:
363:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
346:New Caledonia
338:
336:
334:
330:
326:
325:
320:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
275:
273:
271:
267:
263:
262:type specimen
260:in 1894. The
259:
255:
251:
247:
239:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
222:
208:
204:
201:
196:
192:
189:
185:
181:
178:
177:
175:
172:
168:
163:
159:
153:
151:
145:
142:
141:Binomial name
138:
134:
133:
128:
125:
124:
121:
120:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
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79:
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69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
839:
627:
588:
584:
578:
559:
555:
551:
547:
541:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
479:(1): 57–69.
476:
472:
466:
444:
440:
434:
425:
419:
407:. Retrieved
397:
371:
349:
342:
322:
318:
317:
313:ursolic acid
300:
280:
279:
266:Minas Gerais
253:
243:
230:Cladoniaceae
220:
219:
218:
206:
202:
198:Vain. (1894)
194:
190:
179:
149:
147:
131:
130:
118:
108:Cladoniaceae
24:
18:
784:NatureServe
732:iNaturalist
652:Wikispecies
409:7 September
396:"Synonymy:
276:Description
98:Lecanorales
916:Categories
844:subradiata
509:Helopodium
473:Bonplandia
380:References
333:synonymous
195:subradiata
78:Ascomycota
74:Division:
859:Q59487179
680:AusLichen
643:Q10454254
507:sections
293:Apothecia
246:described
234:Melanesia
207:balfourii
126:Species:
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
922:Cladonia
894:MycoBank
868:Fungorum
853:Wikidata
789:2.122794
771:MycoBank
750:10401876
706:Fungorum
685:30017241
637:Wikidata
556:Cladonia
533:23725717
517:Cladonia
505:Cladonia
467:Cladonia
372:Cladonia
370:List of
364:See also
240:Taxonomy
171:Synonyms
119:Cladonia
104:Family:
54:Domain:
886:3391299
815:3764911
802:1181313
724:2607606
605:2559543
552:Cladina
513:Perviae
374:species
289:podetia
285:thallus
250:variety
162:Sandst.
114:Genus:
94:Order:
84:Class:
899:479563
873:479563
823:PLANTS
776:382977
763:189977
737:217157
711:382977
672:127694
603:
566:
548:Cladia
531:
186:(1876)
184:Cromb.
164:(1922)
828:CLSU9
745:IRMNG
601:JSTOR
529:JSTOR
358:humus
248:as a
205:var.
193:var.
158:Vain.
68:Fungi
881:GBIF
842:var.
797:NCBI
758:ITIS
719:GBIF
698:VPMB
667:APNI
564:ISBN
554:and
515:and
411:2020
693:CoL
593:doi
519:".
481:doi
252:of
918::
896::
883::
870::
855::
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812::
799::
786::
773::
760::
747::
734::
721::
708::
695::
682::
669::
654::
639::
599:.
587:.
550:,
525:25
523:.
511:,
495:^
471:.
453:^
445:25
402:.
387:^
335:.
311:,
307:,
299:,
160:)
607:.
595::
589:5
572:.
535:.
489:.
483::
477:6
413:.
156:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
