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5. Li, Z.; Zhang, X.; Qiu, C.; Xu,Y.; Zhou, Z.; Wei, Z.; Qiao, Y.; Chen, Y.;Wang, Y.; Liang, L.; Yuxin Lei 1 , Yue Song 1, Peng Jia 1, Yugang Zeng, Li Qin
Yongqiang Ning and Lijun Wang. AdjointAlgorithm Design of Selective Mode Reflecting Metastructure for BAL Applications. Nanomaterials 2024, 14,
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The devices are fabricated on standard wafers; one of typical devices is presented below (from the NOD web site). While the total number of nano-grooves is huge (≥10), a typical device size of DPH devices is on the millimeter scale. The small footprint of the DPH makes it possible to combine with
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The DPH technology, or Yankov hologram, comprises design and fabrication of the holographic nano-structures inside a planar waveguide, providing light processing and control. There are many ways of modulating the core refractive index, the simplest of which is engraving the required pattern by
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Yankov, Vladimir; Babin, Sergey; Ivonin, Igor; Goltsov, Alexander; Morozov, Anatolii; Polonskiy, Leonid; Spector, Michael; Talapov, Andrei; Kley, Ernst
Bernhard (2003-08-14). "Digital planar holography and multiplexer/demultiplexer with discrete dispersion".
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Yankov, Vladimir V.; Babin, Sergey; Ivonin, Igor; Goltsov, Alexander Yu; Morozov, Anatolii; Polonskiy, Leonid; Spector, Michael; Talapov, Andrei; Kley, Ernst-Bernhard (2003-06-17). "Photonic bandgap quasi-crystals for integrated WDM devices".
86:, fabricated by sequential depositing flat layers of transparent materials with a proper refractive index gradient on a standard wafer, confine light in one direction (z axis) and permit free propagation in two others (x and y axes).
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Koshelev, A.; Calafiore, G.; Peroz, C.; Dhuey, S.; Cabrini, S.; Sasorov, P.; Goltsov, A.; Yankov, V. (2014-10-01). "Combination of a spectrometer-on-chip and an array of Young's interferometers for laser spectrum monitoring".
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Each DPH pattern is customized for a given application and computer-generated. It consists of numerous nano-grooves, each about 100 nm wide, positioned in a way, providing maximum efficiency for a specific application.
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Light waves propagating in the core infiltrate both cladding layers to a small degree. If the refractive index is modulated in the wave path, light of each given wavelength can be directed to the desired point.
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Light can be confined in waveguides by a refractive index gradient. Light propagates in a core layer, surrounded by a cladding layer(s), which should be selected such that the core refractive index
43:. Light propagates through the plane of the hologram instead of perpendicularly, allowing for a long interaction path. Benefits of a long interaction path have long been used by
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Calafiore, Giuseppe; Koshelev, Alexander; Dhuey, Scott; Goltsov, Alexander; Sasorov, Pavel; Babin, Sergey; Yankov, Vladimir; Cabrini, Stefano; Peroz, Christophe (2014-09-12).
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nanolithography means. The modulation is created by embedding a digital hologram on the lower or upper core surface or on the both of them. According to NOD (
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developed the DPH technology and applied it for commercializing nano-spectrometers. There are additional numerous applications for the DPH in
35:. It was invented by Vladimir Yankov and first published in 2003. The essence of the DPH technology is embedding computer designed
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DPH Devices: A DPH structure (left) and a nano-spectrometer hologram for the visible band (right). (Pictures from the
47:. Planar configuration of the hologram provider for easier access to the embedded diagram aiding in its manufacture.
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could be another viable method of fabricating DPH patterns.
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allow for one-dimensional light propagation along the axis.
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