121:
1915:
331:
316:
301:
1365:
762:
225:
1434:
1360:
374:
1382:
1377:
1202:
209:
1242:
1355:
1350:
1237:
804:
49:
to deviate outward. During examination, when the eyes are dissociated, the visual axes will appear to diverge away from one another.
965:
1105:
1070:
1645:
1163:
1075:
1065:
794:
1158:
1049:
915:
1556:
1247:
1232:
444:
402:
367:
1372:
1168:
1142:
1100:
1095:
960:
833:
821:
777:
1439:
838:
1551:
1345:
1192:
1037:
784:
85:
1090:
1061:
685:
650:
184:
1561:
1315:
1115:
635:
628:
1830:
1800:
1735:
1730:
1457:
735:
600:
360:
69:
180:
1773:
1449:
1546:
1132:
1127:
1085:
900:
816:
1851:
1725:
1525:
1408:
1400:
1188:
1152:
1137:
992:
772:
552:
335:
1462:
1212:
1120:
1044:
997:
809:
745:
730:
590:
539:
264:
219:
1805:
1702:
1467:
1327:
1110:
767:
673:
256:
205:
75:
27:
1593:
1583:
1429:
1404:
1337:
1303:
1222:
853:
843:
740:
595:
482:
472:
248:
1660:
1624:
1588:
1207:
1032:
1019:
953:
910:
828:
640:
572:
492:
477:
325:
1890:
1742:
1687:
1530:
1298:
1227:
1009:
979:
925:
879:
750:
623:
557:
547:
340:
252:
120:
1909:
1810:
1665:
1605:
1322:
1270:
1217:
1147:
1056:
943:
920:
848:
757:
562:
467:
268:
1675:
1503:
884:
799:
707:
585:
580:
525:
520:
42:
1874:
1825:
1768:
1763:
1720:
1698:
1609:
1600:
1520:
1498:
1310:
1282:
1080:
948:
789:
610:
487:
439:
386:
1795:
1758:
1682:
1670:
1614:
1575:
1481:
1417:
1396:
1286:
645:
510:
310:
1916:
Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction
1846:
1820:
1694:
1640:
1628:
1508:
1493:
1489:
1027:
725:
702:
515:
462:
457:
434:
352:
320:
160:
101:
53:
46:
260:
1885:
1650:
1184:
987:
618:
105:
293:
1712:
1655:
1197:
1004:
935:
905:
895:
502:
79:
52:
The axis deviation in exophoria is usually mild compared with that of
1815:
717:
694:
414:
305:
156:
97:
1787:
93:
100:, or congenital problems, or due to mechanical anomalies. Unlike
867:
429:
1872:
1268:
671:
400:
356:
189:. Harvard University: G. K. Hazlitt 6 Co., printer. p. 39.
115:
64:
Exophoria can be caused by several factors, which include:
239:
Freier BE, Pickwell LD (1983). "Physiological exophoria".
131:
283:
88:– near exodeviation greater than distance deviation.
1839:
1786:
1751:
1711:
1623:
1574:
1539:
1480:
1448:
1416:
1395:
1336:
1281:
1177:
1018:
978:
934:
875:
866:
716:
693:
684:
609:
571:
538:
501:
422:
413:
287:
26:
21:
1361:arteritic anterior (AAION or arteritic AION)
104:, fusion is possible in this condition, causing
368:
8:
1435:Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
763:Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy
1869:
1633:
1422:
1413:
1291:
1278:
1265:
872:
690:
681:
668:
419:
410:
397:
375:
361:
353:
284:
224:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
18:
82:greater for distance than near deviation.
172:
217:
204:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 224.
68:Refractive errors – distance and near
7:
1243:Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy
155:Exophoria is particularly common in
45:in which there is a tendency of the
1366:non-arteritic anterior (NAION)
1203:Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
241:Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics
1238:Persistent tunica vasculosa lentis
253:10.1111/j.1475-1313.1983.tb00613.x
14:
966:Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
1071:Central retinal artery occlusion
119:
1076:Branch retinal artery occlusion
805:Terrien's marginal degeneration
78:- exodeviation is more than 15
1106:Bietti's crystalline dystrophy
1066:Central retinal vein occlusion
795:Pellucid marginal degeneration
1:
1159:Vitelliform macular dystrophy
1050:Posterior vitreous detachment
916:Persistent pupillary membrane
202:Primary Care Optometry 5th Ed
1646:Leber's congenital amaurosis
1557:Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
1248:Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
1233:Persistent fetal vasculature
1164:Leber's congenital amaurosis
200:Grosvenor, Theodore (2007).
186:The science of higher prisms
445:Meibomian gland dysfunction
1932:
1169:Birdshot chorioretinopathy
1143:Central serous retinopathy
961:Focal choroidal excavation
834:Corneal neovascularization
651:Subconjunctival hemorrhage
163:, and increases with age.
1881:
1868:
1636:
1552:Convergence insufficiency
1425:
1294:
1277:
1264:
1193:Primary juvenile glaucoma
1038:Cytomegalovirus retinitis
680:
667:
453:
409:
396:
387:Diseases of the human eye
86:Convergence insufficiency
1062:Ocular ischemic syndrome
1562:One and a half syndrome
1316:Foster Kennedy syndrome
1801:Argyll Robertson pupil
601:Periorbital cellulitis
128:This section is empty.
1774:Scintillating scotoma
1440:Kearns–Sayre syndrome
1383:Toxic and nutritional
1356:posterior (PION)
839:Kayser–Fleischer ring
1547:Conjugate gaze palsy
1418:Paralytic strabismus
1351:anterior (AION)
1133:Retinitis pigmentosa
1128:Macular degeneration
901:Intermediate uveitis
817:Keratoconjunctivitis
181:Allen, Edmund Turney
92:These can be due to
72:approximately equal.
1852:Childhood blindness
1831:Parinaud's syndrome
1401:Extraocular muscles
1189:Ocular hypertension
1153:Epiretinal membrane
1138:Retinal haemorrhage
993:Congenital cataract
1378:Leber's hereditary
1045:Retinal detachment
998:Childhood cataract
810:Post-LASIK ectasia
591:Orbital cellulitis
540:Lacrimal apparatus
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1806:Marcus Gunn pupil
1782:
1781:
1703:Visual impairment
1570:
1569:
1476:
1475:
1463:Fourth-nerve (IV)
1391:
1390:
1328:Optic disc drusen
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
974:
973:
862:
861:
768:Corneal dystrophy
663:
662:
659:
658:
534:
533:
350:
349:
211:978-0-7506-7575-8
148:
147:
76:Divergence excess
36:
35:
16:Medical condition
1923:
1870:
1634:
1625:Vision disorders
1584:Refractive error
1526:Brown's syndrome
1482:Other strabismus
1468:Sixth-nerve (VI)
1458:Oculomotor (III)
1430:Ophthalmoparesis
1423:
1414:
1405:Binocular vision
1338:Optic neuropathy
1304:optic papillitis
1292:
1279:
1266:
1155:(Macular pucker)
873:
854:Band keratopathy
691:
682:
669:
596:Orbital lymphoma
483:Blepharophimosis
473:Blepharochalasis
420:
411:
398:
377:
370:
363:
354:
285:
273:
272:
236:
230:
229:
223:
215:
197:
191:
190:
177:
143:
140:
130:You can help by
123:
116:
108:to be uncommon.
19:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1895:
1877:
1856:
1835:
1778:
1747:
1707:
1661:Color blindness
1627:
1619:
1566:
1540:Other binocular
1535:
1472:
1444:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1387:
1332:
1285:
1273:
1252:
1208:Ocular hypotony
1173:
1033:Chorioretinitis
1014:
970:
954:Chorioretinitis
930:
911:Rubeosis iridis
889:
858:
829:Corneal opacity
785:Corneal ectasia
712:
676:
655:
641:Pseudopterygium
605:
567:
530:
497:
493:Ankyloblepharon
449:
405:
392:
391:
381:
351:
346:
345:
296:
282:
277:
276:
238:
237:
233:
216:
212:
199:
198:
194:
179:
178:
174:
169:
153:
144:
138:
135:
114:
62:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1929:
1927:
1919:
1918:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1891:Onchocerciasis
1888:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1743:Quadrantanopia
1740:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1717:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1688:Oguchi disease
1680:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1631:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1580:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1531:Duane syndrome
1528:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1501:
1496:
1486:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1411:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1342:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1299:Optic neuritis
1295:
1289:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1228:Phthisis bulbi
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1111:Coats' disease
1108:
1103:
1101:of prematurity
1098:
1093:
1088:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1024:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1010:Ectopia lentis
1007:
1002:
1001:
1000:
995:
984:
982:
976:
975:
972:
971:
969:
968:
963:
958:
957:
956:
946:
940:
938:
932:
931:
929:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
892:
890:
888:
887:
882:
876:
870:
868:Vascular tunic
864:
863:
860:
859:
857:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
825:
824:
814:
813:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
782:
781:
780:
775:
765:
760:
755:
754:
753:
751:Photokeratitis
748:
743:
738:
733:
722:
720:
714:
713:
711:
710:
705:
699:
697:
688:
678:
677:
672:
665:
664:
661:
660:
657:
656:
654:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
632:
631:
624:Conjunctivitis
621:
615:
613:
607:
606:
604:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
577:
575:
569:
568:
566:
565:
560:
558:Dacryocystitis
555:
550:
548:Dacryoadenitis
544:
542:
536:
535:
532:
531:
529:
528:
523:
518:
513:
507:
505:
499:
498:
496:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
454:
451:
450:
448:
447:
442:
437:
432:
426:
424:
417:
407:
406:
401:
394:
393:
390:
389:
383:
382:
380:
379:
372:
365:
357:
348:
347:
344:
343:
328:
313:
297:
292:
291:
289:
288:Classification
281:
280:External links
278:
275:
274:
247:(3): 267–272.
231:
210:
192:
171:
170:
168:
165:
152:
149:
146:
145:
126:
124:
113:
110:
90:
89:
83:
73:
61:
58:
34:
33:
30:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1928:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1811:Adie syndrome
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1666:Achromatopsia
1664:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:Anisometropia
1604:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1409:Accommodation
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1323:Optic atrophy
1321:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:Keratomycosis
1221:
1219:
1218:Globe rupture
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1148:Macular edema
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1057:Retinoschisis
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
989:
986:
985:
983:
981:
977:
967:
964:
962:
959:
955:
952:
951:
950:
947:
945:
944:Choroideremia
942:
941:
939:
937:
933:
927:
924:
922:
921:Iridodialysis
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
893:
891:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
874:
871:
869:
865:
855:
852:
850:
849:Arcus senilis
847:
845:
844:Haab's striae
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
823:
820:
819:
818:
815:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
786:
783:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
758:Corneal ulcer
756:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
736:acanthamoebic
734:
732:
729:
728:
727:
724:
723:
721:
719:
715:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
698:
696:
692:
689:
687:
686:Fibrous tunic
683:
679:
675:
670:
666:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
630:
627:
626:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
614:
612:
608:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
578:
576:
574:
570:
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563:Xerophthalmia
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468:Lagophthalmos
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41:is a form of
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32:Ophthalmology
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1701: /
1697: /
1676:Monochromacy
1608: /
1513:
1504:Heterophoria
1492: /
1191: /
1187: /
1091:hypertensive
1064: /
885:Ciliary body
800:Keratoglobus
708:Episcleritis
586:Enophthalmos
581:Exophthalmos
526:Trichomegaly
521:Distichiasis
423:Inflammation
330:
315:
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185:
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154:
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132:adding to it
127:
91:
63:
51:
43:heterophoria
38:
37:
1826:Cycloplegia
1769:Photophobia
1764:Hemeralopia
1721:Hemianopsia
1699:Vision loss
1610:Aniseikonia
1601:Astigmatism
1521:Cyclotropia
1499:Hypertropia
1311:Papilledema
1283:Optic nerve
1116:Sickle cell
1096:Purtscher's
1081:Retinopathy
949:Choroiditis
790:Keratoconus
611:Conjunctiva
488:Xanthelasma
440:Blepharitis
1875:Infections
1796:Anisocoria
1759:Asthenopia
1752:subjective
1736:homonymous
1731:bitemporal
1683:Nyctalopia
1671:Dichromacy
1615:Presbyopia
1576:Refraction
1397:Strabismus
1287:Optic disc
646:Pinguecula
511:Trichiasis
167:References
151:Prevalence
139:April 2018
1847:Nystagmus
1821:Mydriasis
1695:Blindness
1641:Amblyopia
1629:Blindness
1589:Hyperopia
1514:Exophoria
1509:Esophoria
1494:Exotropia
1490:Esotropia
1028:Retinitis
726:Keratitis
703:Scleritis
636:Pterygium
516:Madarosis
463:Ectropion
458:Entropion
435:Chalazion
220:cite book
161:childhood
112:Diagnosis
102:exotropia
70:deviation
54:exotropia
39:Exophoria
28:Specialty
22:Exophoria
1910:Category
1886:Trachoma
1651:Diplopia
1346:Ischemic
1271:Pathways
1185:Glaucoma
1086:diabetic
988:Cataract
926:Synechia
778:Meesmann
746:Exposure
731:herpetic
629:allergic
619:Chemosis
553:Epiphora
269:11180397
183:(1899).
106:diplopia
80:dioptres
1726:binasal
1713:Anopsia
1656:Scotoma
1450:palsies
1213:Red eye
1198:Floater
1005:Aphakia
936:Choroid
906:Hyphema
896:Uveitis
503:Eyelash
261:6646761
157:infancy
1816:Miosis
1594:Myopia
1373:Kjer's
1121:photic
1020:Retina
773:Fuchs'
741:fungal
718:Cornea
695:Sclera
478:Ptosis
415:Eyelid
403:Adnexa
341:378.42
326:H50.52
267:
259:
208:
98:muscle
1840:Other
1788:Pupil
1178:Other
822:sicca
674:Globe
573:Orbit
321:10-CM
311:H50.5
265:S2CID
94:nerve
60:Cause
980:Lens
880:Iris
430:Stye
336:9-CM
257:PMID
226:link
206:ISBN
159:and
47:eyes
332:ICD
317:ICD
302:ICD
249:doi
134:.
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306:10
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222:}}
218:{{
96:,
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376:e
369:t
362:v
334:-
319:-
304:-
294:D
271:.
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245:3
228:)
214:.
141:)
137:(
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