3571:
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298:
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38:
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523:. Dendrology, as a discipline of industrial forestry, tends to focus on identification of economically useful woody plants and their taxonomic interrelationships. As an academic course of study, dendrology will include all woody plants, native and non-native, that occur in a region. A related discipline is the study of sylvics, which focuses on the
970:
159:
All people depend upon forests and their biodiversity, some more than others. Forestry is an important economic segment in various industrial countries, as forests provide more than 86 million green jobs and support the livelihoods of many more people. For example, in
Germany, forests cover nearly a
629:
About 98 million hectares of forest were affected by fire in 2015; this was mainly in the tropical domain, where fire burned about 4 percent of the total forest area in that year. More than two-thirds of the total forest area affected was in Africa and South
America. Insects, diseases and severe
1080:
In order to keep up with changing demands and environmental factors, forestry education does not stop at graduation. Increasingly, forestry professionals engage in regular training to maintain and improve on their management practices. An increasingly popular tool are
201:. Under these headings, the fundamentals behind the management of natural forests comes by way of natural ecology. Forests or tree plantations, those whose primary purpose is the extraction of forest products, are planned and managed to utilize a mix of ecological and
205:
principles. In many regions of the world there is considerable conflict between forest practices and other societal priorities such as water quality, watershed preservation, sustainable fishing, conservation, and species preservation.
1031:
and in Forest
Research Institutes (deemed universities). Four year degree programmes are conducted in these universities at the undergraduate level. Masters and Doctorate degrees are also available in these universities.
1700:
167:
Worldwide, an estimated 880 million people spend part of their time collecting fuelwood or producing charcoal, many of them women. Human populations tend to be low in areas of low-income countries with high
1164:
1132:
603:. Genetic diversity also ensures that forest trees can survive, adapt and evolve under changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, genetic diversity is the foundation of biological diversity at species and
832:. Urban forestry involves both planning and management, including the programming of care and maintenance operations of the urban forest. Urban forestry advocates the role of trees as a critical part of the
1753:
6542:
1877:
I. Balenović, D. Vuletić, et al. Digital
Photogrammetry – State of the Art and Potential for Application in Forest Management in Croatia. SEEFOR. South-East European Forestry. #2, 2011. pp. 81–93.
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1520:
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5843:
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The
Society of American Foresters grants accreditation only to specific educational curricula that lead to a first professional degree in forestry at the bachelor's or master's level.
172:
and high forest biodiversity, but poverty rates in these areas tend to be high. Some 252 million people living in forests and savannahs have incomes of less than US$ 1.25 per day.
6559:
4932:
2957:
1069:
5995:
5816:
896:
2021:
Benedek, Zsófia; Fertő, Imre (2013). "Development and application of a new
Forestation Index: global forestation patterns and drivers" (Document). IEHAS Discussion Papers.
1711:
5990:
1699:
de Vries, S.M.G., Alan, M., Bozzano, M., Burianek, V., Collin, E., Cottrell, J., Ivankovic, M., Kelleher, C.T., Koskela, J., Rotach, P., Vietto, L. and Yrjänä, L. (2015).
5858:
922:
1788:
1735:
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I. Balenovich, A. Seletkovich, et al. Comparison of
Classical Terrestrial and Photogrammetric Method in Creating Management Division. FORMEC. Croatia 2012. pp. 1-13.
1418:
5790:
1967:
Windisch, Michael G.; Davin, Edouard L.; Seneviratne, Sonia I. (October 2021). "Prioritizing forestation based on biogeochemical and local biogeophysical impacts".
1764:
1054:
In Canada the
Canadian Institute of Forestry awards silver rings to graduates from accredited university BSc programs, as well as college and technical programs.
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4057:
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used to plant forests has a great influence on how the trees develop, hence why it is important to use forest reproductive material of good quality and of high
1888:
Mozgeris, G. (2008) “The continuous field view of representing forest geographically: from cartographic representation towards improved management planning”.
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Wojtkowski, Paul A. (2006) Undoing the Damage: Silviculture for
Ecologists and Environmental Scientists. Science Publishers Inc., Enfield, NH, 313p.
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1515:
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In the past, dendrology included the study of the natural history of woody species in specific regions, but this aspect is now considered part of
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5897:
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5460:
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2342:"The Promise and Performance of Forestry Education in the United States: Results of a Survey of Forestry Employers, Graduates, and Educators"
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of forestry concerned with overall administrative, legal, economic, and social aspects, as well as scientific and technical aspects, such as
932:
Early 19th century North
American foresters went to Germany to study forestry. Some early German foresters also emigrated to North America.
640:
Most countries in Europe have recommendations or guidelines for selecting species and provenances that can be used in a given site or zone.
6776:
5727:
5722:
863:
2373:
1554:
Wojtkowski, Paul A. (2002) Agroecological Perspectives in Agronomy, Forestry and Agroforestry. Science Publishers Inc., Enfield, NH, 356p.
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1906:
Anderegg, William R. L.; Wu, Chao; Acil, Nezha; Carvalhais, Nuno; Pugh, Thomas A. M.; Sadler, Jon P.; Seidl, Rupert (2 September 2022).
1321:
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is often considered an advantage. Professional skills in conflict resolution and communication are also important in training programs.
577:
between individuals as distinct from variation caused by environmental influences. The unique genetic composition of an individual (its
266:
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research, GIS applications, and long-term monitoring help assess and improve forest management, ensuring its effectiveness and success.
86:
Modern forestry generally embraces a broad range of concerns, in what is known as multiple-use management, including: the provision of
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6000:
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197:, there has been a reordering in the applied sciences. In line with this view, forestry is a primary land-use science comparable with
1752:
Konnert, M., Fady, B., Gömöry, D., A’Hara, S., Wolter, F., Ducci, F., Koskela, J., Bozzano, M., Maaten, T. and Kowalczyk, J. (2015).
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preservation, conduct research and promote the many benefits trees provide. Urban forestry is practiced by municipal and commercial
5268:
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3547:
1701:"Pan-European strategy for genetic conservation of forest trees and establishment of a core network of dynamic conservation units"
6846:
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Portmann, Raphael; Beyerle, Urs; Davin, Edouard; Fischer, Erich M.; De Hertog, Steven; Schemm, Sebastian (4 October 2022).
75:. The science of forestry has elements that belong to the biological, physical, social, political and managerial sciences.
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1605:
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164:, and forestry supports more than a million jobs and about €181 billion of value to the German economy each year.
156:
is narrower than forestry, being concerned only with forest plants, but is often used synonymously with forestry.
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weather events damaged about 40 million hectares of forests in 2015, mainly in the temperate and boreal domains.
4962:
2453:(1996), "A History of Forestry and Monographic Forestry Literature in Germany, France, and the United Kingdom",
519:, but these families may be made up of both woody and non-woody members. Some families include only a few woody
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Prevedello, Jayme A.; Winck, Gisele R.; Weber, Marcelo M.; Nichols, Elizabeth; Sinervo, Barry (20 March 2019).
1221:
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and management planning. Scientific research plays a crucial role in helping forest management. For example,
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5147:
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705:
1527:, Bundesministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz (BMELV), retrieved, 17 January 2010
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Sustainable forest management balances local socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological needs and constraints.
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2174:"Global forestation and deforestation affect remote climate via adjusted atmosphere and ocean circulation"
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712:. Management objectives can be for conservation, utilisation, or a mixture of the two. Techniques include
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1096:. This system is mainly suitable to regions with small-scale multi-functional forest management systems
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72:
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833:
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2808:
1210:
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119:
64:
1085:; one hectare large, rectangular forest sites where all trees are numbered, mapped and recorded.
791:
Professional Tree Climber (arborist: Zack Weiler) climbing a willow tree in Port Elgin, ON. Canada
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Sample, V. A.; Bixler, R. P.; McDonough, M. H.; Bullard, S. H.; Snieckus, M. M. (July 16, 2015).
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In many European countries, training in forestry is made in accordance with requirements of the
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Zhang, Mingfang; Wei, Xiaohua (5 March 2021). "Deforestation, forestation, and water supply".
1938:
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1754:"Use and transfer of forest reproductive material in Europe in the context of climate change"
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Furthermore, the marginal populations of many tree species are facing new threats due to the
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31:
2231:"The effect of afforestation and green roofs techniques on thermal reduction in Duhok city"
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The State of the World's Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people – In brief
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is the only international organization that coordinates forest science efforts worldwide.
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55:
is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing
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1980:
1926:
30:
This article is about the scientific field of forestry. For the American racehorse, see
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Unternehmen Wald, forests as an enterprise, German private forestry association website
1490:
1177:
1143:
884:, in 1787, though forestry had been taught earlier in central Europe, including at the
813:
808:
769:
739:
701:
512:
406:
277:
126:
626:, poor silvicultural practices and inappropriate use of forest reproductive material.
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1996:
1962:
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1950:
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1300:
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511:), specifically, their taxonomic classifications. There is no sharp boundary between
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1761:
European Forest Genetic Resources Programme, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy.
1708:
European Forest Genetic Resources Programme, Bioversity International, Rome, Italy.
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1202:
1151:
997:
944:
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Silvology is seen as a single science for forestry and was first used by Professor
255:
254:, and the effects and development of silvicultural practices. The term complements
186:
169:
153:
107:
2557:
2404:
1450:
The State of the World's Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people – In brief
1139:
Forestry literature is the books, journals and other publications about forestry.
2131:
2034:
2004:
1901:
1899:
895:
In Spain, the first forestry school was the Forest Engineering School of Madrid (
728:, building and maintenance of roads and pathways through forests, and preventing
79:
plays an essential role in the creation and modification of habitats and affects
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4249:
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3431:
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2303:
2107:"Impacts of forestation and deforestation on local temperature across the globe"
1670:
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2197:
1988:
1620:
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17:
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2016:
2014:
1382:
1192:
825:
821:
685:
551:
524:
442:
297:
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269:. It integrates the study of forests and forest ecology, dealing with single
145:
132:
Forest ecosystems have come to be seen as the most important component of the
99:
68:
42:
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37:
2379:(Press release). Society of American Foresters. 2008-05-19. Archived from
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Fishes and forestry : worldwide watershed interactions and management
102:, landscape and community protection, employment, aesthetically appealing
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3327:
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1089:
993:
877:
836:. Urban foresters plant and maintain trees, support appropriate tree and
804:
697:
578:
480:
357:
247:
149:
60:
2026:
1576:. Northcote, T. G., Hartman, G. F. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science. 2004.
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3285:
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2358:
2341:
1621:"Silvology: Redefining the Biological Science for the Study of Forests"
985:
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615:
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534:
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343:
190:
46:
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1142:
The first major works about forestry in the English language included
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and dendrology; woody plants not only belong to many different plant
329:
243:
87:
56:
969:
242:, "science of" or "study of") is the biological science of studying
2515:
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1092:
and test one's wood quality and volume estimations as well as tree
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36:
5279:
980:
Today, forestry education typically includes training in general
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3366:
3040:
1908:"A climate risk analysis of Earth's forests in the 21st century"
817:
725:
562:. More generally, all forest management practices, including in
500:
322:
270:
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6285:
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3667:
2598:
844:, municipal and utility foresters, environmental policymakers,
4451:
4392:
2539:
World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2023
2315:
947:, in 1962, and moved the next year to become a faculty at the
848:, consultants, educators, researchers and community activists.
735:
392:
385:
258:, which deals with the art and practice of forest management.
6543:
Cooperative Mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
591:
is needed to maintain the vitality of forests and to provide
2495:
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key findings
1297:"SAFnet Dictionary | Definition For [forestry]"
2594:
2589:
1261:
611:
are therefore important to consider in forest management.
6719:
Illustrative model of greenhouse effect on climate change
1491:"How does the forest industry contribute to the economy?"
1671:"Dendrology | Definition & Description | Britannica"
939:
the first forestry school was established in Brazil, in
2374:"SAF Accredited and Candidate Forestry Degree Programs"
868:
The first dedicated forestry school was established by
2401:"Canadian Institute of Forestry - Silver Ring Program"
1803:
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 – Key findings
1299:. Dictionaryofforestry.org. 2008-10-22. Archived from
6560:
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
537:. The field also plays a role in conserving rare or
301:
Leaf shape is a common method used to identify trees.
189:
was regarded as a separate science. With the rise of
1848:. Ministry of Forests and Range (Canada). March 2008
1070:
International Union of Forest Research Organizations
304:
250:, incorporating the understanding of natural forest
6737:
6622:
6591:
6520:
6455:
6377:
6299:
6250:
6167:
6124:
6034:
5941:
5799:
5746:
5589:
5413:
5382:
5194:
5161:
5133:
5035:
4970:
4918:
4637:
4535:
4450:
4391:
4325:
4235:
4155:
4010:
3980:
3905:
3842:
3806:
3754:
3414:
3246:
3088:
2779:
2689:
160:third of the land area, wood is the most important
6760:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
1843:"Glossary of Forestry Terms in British Columbia"
1665:
1663:
1027:In India, forestry education is imparted in the
897:Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Montes
1156:A Brefe Collection of the Lawes of the Forrest
5500:History of climate change policy and politics
5295:
4887:
4126:
3679:
2610:
566:, may impact the genetic diversity of trees.
8:
2528: This article incorporates text from a
2506: This article incorporates text from a
2484: This article incorporates text from a
2457:, Cornell University Press, pp. 34–35,
1787:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1747:
1745:
1734:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1619:Hemery, G.; Skovsgaard, J. P. (April 2018).
929:just a few weeks later, in September 1898.
5617:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
2455:The Literature of Forestry and Agroforestry
148:. A practitioner of forestry is known as a
6841:
6829:
6588:
6577:
6296:
6282:
6031:
6018:
5586:
5573:
5485:
5379:
5366:
5318:
5302:
5288:
5280:
4894:
4880:
4872:
4133:
4119:
4111:
3686:
3672:
3664:
2617:
2603:
2595:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1257:List of forestry universities and colleges
976:is used by foresters to reduce fuel loads.
961:List of forestry universities and colleges
828:settings for the purpose of improving the
6387:Adaptation strategies on the German coast
5525:United Nations Climate Change conferences
2357:
2254:
2205:
2140:
2130:
742:modelling have been developed to improve
152:. Another common term is silviculturist.
45:wheeled harvester stacking cut timber in
6091:Co-benefits of climate change mitigation
2574:) is being considered for deletion. See
2532:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA IGO 3.0 (
2510:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (
1646:. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. p. 624.
1371:Frouz, Jan; Frouzová, Jaroslava (2022).
914:on September 1, 1898, on the grounds of
6447:National Adaptation Programme of Action
6236:Land use, land-use change, and forestry
1288:
684:. This includes management for timber,
63:for associated resources for human and
27:Science and craft of managing woodlands
6096:Economics of climate change mitigation
6059:Gold Standard (carbon offset standard)
5405:Scientific consensus on climate change
1780:
1727:
1597:
1088:These sites can be used to do virtual
681:
677:
581:) will determine its performance (its
495:, "wood") is the science and study of
136:, and forestry has emerged as a vital
6755:Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
2520:, FAO & UNEP, FAO & UNEP.
2229:AbdulBaqi, Faten Khalid (June 2022).
1350:. John Wiley & Sons. p. ix.
1262:List of historic journals of forestry
816:is the care and management of single
7:
6777:Representative Concentration Pathway
5723:Tipping points in the climate system
5399:Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere
5252:
4765:
2488:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 (
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
864:List of historic schools of forestry
6548:Nationally determined contributions
6258:Individual action on climate change
5468:World energy supply and consumption
5264:
4787:
3542:
1322:"Seed Origin -pinga Forestry Focus"
67:benefits. Forestry is practiced in
6687:Fixed anvil temperature hypothesis
1252:List of forestry technical schools
1242:List of forest research institutes
965:List of forestry technical schools
923:New York State College of Forestry
721:
717:
700:, inland and nearshore fisheries,
25:
6614:Satellite temperature measurement
6219:forestry for carbon sequestration
5505:History of climate change science
2891:Global Forest Information Service
2578:to help reach a consensus. ›
2426:"Discover IUFRO:The Organization"
673:
6840:
6828:
6817:
6816:
6804:
6465:Climate Change Performance Index
5844:Destruction of cultural heritage
5263:
5251:
5240:
5239:
5202:Deforestation and climate change
4961:
4786:
4764:
4743:
4742:
4226:
4081:
4080:
3797:
3647:
3638:
3637:
3625:
3611:
3597:
3583:
3569:
3555:
3541:
2551:
2523:
2501:
2479:
1195:
1106:Forest management § History
1039:forestry education leading to a
902:The first in North America, the
807:examining a Japanese Hemlock at
768:This section is an excerpt from
734:Many tools like remote sensing,
649:This section is an excerpt from
312:
289:This section is an excerpt from
6604:Instrumental temperature record
6555:Sustainable Development Goal 13
3648:
2322:from the original on 2010-04-27
1421:from the original on 2013-11-11
921:. Another early school was the
6672:Climate variability and change
5708:Retreat of glaciers since 1850
1763:: xvi and 75 p. Archived from
1644:Forests: elements of silvology
1453:. Rome: FAO & UNEP. 2020.
1348:Introduction to Forest Science
1063:European Higher Education Area
729:
1:
6782:Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
6317:Climate emergency declaration
2403:. Cif-ifc.org. Archived from
1625:Quarterly Journal of Forestry
1415:"ecosystem part of biosphere"
1272:Nonindustrial private forests
1237:International Year of Forests
1049:Society of American Foresters
1016:. Education in the basics of
858:History of forestry education
573:describes the differences in
546:Genetic diversity in forestry
118:, and preserving forests as "
6765:IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
5991:Middle East and North Africa
2534:license statement/permission
2512:license statement/permission
2490:license statement/permission
2132:10.1371/journal.pone.0213368
1710:: xii + 40 p. Archived from
1183:Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf
949:Federal University of Paraná
564:natural regeneration systems
556:forest reproductive material
6890:
6599:Global surface temperature
6490:Popular culture depictions
6402:Ecosystem-based adaptation
6132:Carbon capture and storage
6054:Carbon offsets and credits
4912:Deforestation by continent
3002:Growth and yield modelling
2282:. Routledge. p. 695.
2198:10.1038/s41467-022-33279-9
1989:10.1038/s41558-021-01161-z
1642:Oldeman, R. A. A. (1990).
1346:Young, Raymond A. (1982).
1208:
1130:The first book edition of
1119:
1103:
958:
861:
767:
648:
488:
462:
450:
288:
233:
29:
6811:Climate change portal
6798:
6704:Extreme event attribution
6587:
6576:
6327:School Strike for Climate
6295:
6281:
6206:Climate-smart agriculture
6030:
6017:
5585:
5572:
5495:
5484:
5378:
5365:
5348:Climate change adaptation
5343:Climate change mitigation
5338:Effects of climate change
5328:
5317:
5235:
4959:
4909:
4738:
4275:Hemispherical photography
4224:
4076:
3795:
3729:Universities and colleges
3702:
3576:Earth sciences portal
3562:Climate change portal
3537:
3143:Great Green Wall (Africa)
2632:
2256:10.1016/j.tfp.2022.100267
2235:Trees, Forests and People
1383:10.1007/978-3-030-83225-4
1267:Non-timber forest product
1247:List of forestry journals
1122:List of forestry journals
1029:agricultural universities
635:effects of climate change
185:Over the past centuries,
6714:Global warming potential
6521:International agreements
6168:Preserving and enhancing
5607:Arctic methane emissions
5529:Years in climate change
5436:Greenhouse gas emissions
5333:Causes of climate change
4835:Machine and metalworking
4580:Lombard Steam Log Hauler
3764:Central African Republic
3148:Great Green Wall (China)
2721:Close to nature forestry
2576:templates for discussion
2280:Encyclopedia of the City
1222:Close to nature forestry
955:Forestry education today
609:Forest genetic resources
585:) at a particular site.
96:water quality management
6745:Climate change scenario
6397:Disaster risk reduction
6049:Carbon emission trading
5859:U.S. insurance industry
5834:Civilizational collapse
5681:sea surface temperature
4845:Measuring and alignment
3182:Million Tree Initiative
2428:. IUFRO. Archived from
2073:10.1126/science.abe7821
1935:10.1126/science.abp9723
1517:Bundeswaldinventur 2002
706:plant genetic resources
228:, "forests and woods";
6738:Research and modelling
6422:Nature-based solutions
6242:Nature-based solutions
6184:Carbon dioxide removal
6101:Fossil fuel divestment
6086:Climate risk insurance
5996:Small island countries
5612:Arctic sea ice decline
3604:Environment portal
3036:Sustainable management
2931:Trillion Tree Campaign
1604:: CS1 maint: others (
1136:
1035:In the United States,
977:
916:George W. Vanderbilt's
904:Biltmore Forest School
811:
792:
784:
782:Durham, North Carolina
710:forest resource values
662:
622:, pests and diseases,
302:
49:
6699:Earth's energy budget
6582:Background and theory
6470:Climate crisis (term)
6142:Fossil fuel phase-out
6036:Economics and finance
6001:by individual country
5943:By country and region
5918:Security and conflict
5913:Psychological impacts
5597:Abrupt climate change
5520:Charles David Keeling
5353:By country and region
3529:Wood process engineer
3233:Urban forest inequity
2278:Caves, R. W. (2004).
2178:Nature Communications
1969:Nature Climate Change
1129:
1047:is accredited by the
972:
910:, North Carolina, by
906:was established near
886:University of Giessen
798:
790:
779:
660:
624:habitat fragmentation
614:Genetic diversity in
300:
267:Wageningen University
195:environmental science
181:Forestry as a science
40:
6528:Glasgow Climate Pact
6189:Carbon sequestration
5759:Mass mortality event
5269:WikiProject Forestry
4810:Cutting and abrasive
4792:WikiProject Forestry
3192:Shifting cultivation
3133:Forest fragmentation
3103:Carbon sequestration
2973:Woodland Carbon Code
2938:Forest certification
2846:Even-aged management
2761:Sustainable forestry
1076:Continuing education
899:), founded in 1844.
834:urban infrastructure
803:Certified Municipal
756:carbon sequestration
112:watershed management
6667:Climate sensitivity
6442:The Adaptation Fund
5898:Infectious diseases
5800:Social and economic
4335:Aerial firefighting
3724:Research institutes
2997:Formally designated
2841:Ecological thinning
2751:Plantation forestry
2659:Research institutes
2536:). Text taken from
2514:). Text taken from
2492:). Text taken from
2346:Journal of Forestry
2304:"News of the world"
2247:2022TFP.....800267A
2190:2022NatCo..13.5569P
2123:2019PLoSO..1413368P
2065:2021Sci...371..990Z
1981:2021NatCC..11..867W
1927:2022Sci...377.1099A
1921:(6610): 1099–1103.
1805:. Rome: FAO. 2020.
1211:Outline of forestry
1111:Society and culture
870:Georg Ludwig Hartig
263:Roelof A.A. Oldeman
6238:(LULUCF and AFOLU)
6210:Forest management
6194:Direct air capture
6159:Sustainable energy
6116:Net zero emissions
6111:Low-carbon economy
6106:Green Climate Fund
5893:Indigenous peoples
5791:Plant biodiversity
5579:Effects and issues
5207:Forest degradation
4675:Hydraulic debarker
4650:Firewood processor
3590:Ecology portal
3123:Forest degradation
3118:Ecosystem services
2726:Community forestry
2359:10.5849/jof.14-122
1675:www.britannica.com
1542:2016-09-18 at the
1523:2014-10-06 at the
1417:. Tutorvista.com.
1227:Community forestry
1172:Noted silvologists
1137:
978:
974:Prescribed burning
927:Cornell University
853:Forestry education
812:
793:
785:
663:
539:endangered species
303:
162:renewable resource
81:ecosystem services
50:
6856:
6855:
6794:
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6790:
6789:
6729:Radiative forcing
6572:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6392:Adaptive capacity
6277:
6276:
6273:
6272:
6137:Energy transition
6013:
6012:
6009:
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5728:Tropical cyclones
5654:Urban heat island
5568:
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5479:
5476:
5475:
5441:Carbon accounting
5395:Greenhouse effect
5361:
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5277:
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4869:
4868:
4680:Log house moulder
4206:Tree planting bar
4181:Groasis Waterboxx
4108:
4107:
3734:Technical schools
3661:
3660:
3618:Plants portal
3404:green woodworking
2590:www.silvology.com
2556:Works related to
2059:(6533): 990–991.
1820:978-92-5-132581-0
1583:978-0-470-99524-2
1468:978-92-5-132707-4
1392:978-3-030-83224-7
1357:978-0-471-06438-1
1041:Bachelor's degree
1022:political science
1014:forest management
925:, established at
830:urban environment
799:James Kinder, an
682:forest regulation
678:forest protection
666:Forest management
651:Forest management
644:Forest management
618:is threatened by
589:Genetic diversity
571:genetic diversity
560:genetic diversity
440:
439:
77:Forest management
16:(Redirected from
6881:
6844:
6843:
6832:
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6820:
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6809:
6808:
6807:
6772:Paleoclimatology
6589:
6578:
6339:Ecological grief
6322:Climate movement
6297:
6283:
6263:Plant-based diet
6154:Renewable energy
6032:
6019:
5854:Economic impacts
5781:Invasive species
5637:Coastal flooding
5587:
5574:
5510:Svante Arrhenius
5486:
5456:from agriculture
5446:Carbon footprint
5431:Greenhouse gases
5380:
5367:
5319:
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5297:
5290:
5281:
5267:
5266:
5255:
5254:
5243:
5242:
5186:Papua New Guinea
4996:British Columbia
4965:
4896:
4889:
4882:
4873:
4790:
4789:
4768:
4767:
4746:
4745:
4725:Wood-drying kiln
4660:Forestry mulcher
4610:Washington Winch
4512:Portable sawmill
4327:Fire suppression
4230:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4112:
4084:
4083:
4043:Papua New Guinea
4011:Central agencies
3801:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3665:
3651:
3650:
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3632:Trees portal
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3266:Forest gardening
3223:Timber recycling
3170:Invasive species
3058:Tree measurement
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1811:10.4060/ca8753en
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1497:. 26 August 2014
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1205:
1200:
1199:
780:Tree pruning in
748:climate modeling
744:forest inventory
692:, urban values,
490:
464:
452:
430:
423:
416:
409:
402:
395:
388:
381:
374:
367:
360:
353:
346:
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92:wildlife habitat
32:Forestry (horse)
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6880:
6879:
6878:
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6858:
6857:
6852:
6805:
6803:
6786:
6733:
6724:Orbital forcing
6618:
6583:
6564:
6538:Paris Agreement
6516:
6512:Warming stripes
6451:
6417:Managed retreat
6412:Loss and damage
6373:
6307:Business action
6291:
6269:
6246:
6169:
6163:
6120:
6081:Climate finance
6026:
6005:
5937:
5795:
5771:Extinction risk
5747:Flora and fauna
5742:
5703:Permafrost thaw
5698:Ozone depletion
5627:Extreme weather
5581:
5564:
5491:
5472:
5409:
5374:
5357:
5324:
5313:
5308:
5278:
5273:
5231:
5222:Illegal logging
5190:
5157:
5129:
5031:
5002:Central America
4966:
4957:
4914:
4905:
4900:
4870:
4865:
4864:
4734:
4633:
4531:
4480:safety features
4475:safety clothing
4446:
4387:
4321:
4285:Increment borer
4231:
4222:
4160:
4151:
4139:
4109:
4104:
4072:
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3901:
3838:
3802:
3793:
3750:
3739:Illegal logging
3698:
3692:
3662:
3657:
3624:
3610:
3596:
3584:
3582:
3570:
3568:
3556:
3554:
3533:
3410:
3387:spruce-pine-fir
3360:Christmas trees
3242:
3158:Illegal logging
3090:
3084:
2799:Controlled burn
2784:
2775:
2756:Social forestry
2736:Energy forestry
2716:Bamboo forestry
2711:Analog forestry
2685:
2628:
2623:
2579:
2548:
2542:, FAO, FAO.
2498:, FAO, FAO.
2477:
2472:
2471:
2465:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2435:
2433:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2410:
2408:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2386:on 2009-02-26.
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2171:
2170:
2166:
2117:(3): e0213368.
2104:
2103:
2096:
2050:
2049:
2042:
2020:
2019:
2012:
1975:(10): 867–871.
1966:
1965:
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1553:
1549:
1544:Wayback Machine
1535:
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1525:Wayback Machine
1514:
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1500:
1498:
1495:www.nrcan.gc.ca
1489:
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1374:Applied Ecology
1370:
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1174:
1148:Booke of Survey
1124:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1078:
1059:Bologna Process
1045:Master's degree
967:
957:
951:, in Curitiba.
919:Biltmore Estate
912:Carl A. Schenck
890:Hesse-Darmstadt
866:
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773:
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328:
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183:
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138:applied science
116:erosion control
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Forest sciences
15:
12:
11:
5:
6887:
6885:
6877:
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6706:
6701:
6696:
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6679:
6677:Cloud feedback
6674:
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6533:Kyoto Protocol
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6515:
6514:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6487:
6485:Media coverage
6482:
6477:
6475:Climate spiral
6472:
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6364:Public opinion
6361:
6356:
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6312:Climate action
6309:
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6239:
6233:
6232:
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6226:
6224:REDD and REDD+
6221:
6216:
6208:
6203:
6201:Carbon farming
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6175:
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5933:Water security
5930:
5928:Water scarcity
5925:
5923:Urban flooding
5920:
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5803:
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5797:
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5788:
5783:
5778:
5776:Forest dieback
5773:
5768:
5763:
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5750:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5713:Sea level rise
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5686:stratification
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
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5470:
5465:
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5463:
5458:
5453:
5451:Carbon leakage
5448:
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5433:
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5423:
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5408:
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5392:
5390:Climate system
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5311:Climate change
5309:
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5292:
5284:
5275:
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5261:
5249:
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5153:United Kingdom
5150:
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4857:
4852:
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4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4800:Types of tools
4796:
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4777:
4762:
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4755:
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4707:
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4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4655:Forest railway
4652:
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4635:
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4630:
4629:
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4614:
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4602:
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4557:
4552:
4550:Feller buncher
4547:
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4532:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
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4477:
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4456:
4454:
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4447:
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4444:
4442:Splitting maul
4439:
4434:
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4424:
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4413:
4408:
4403:
4397:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4374:
4369:
4367:Fire retardant
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4342:
4331:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4319:
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4309:
4304:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4255:Biltmore stick
4252:
4247:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4198:
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4095:
4077:
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4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3986:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3960:United Kingdom
3957:
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3927:
3922:
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3903:
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3607:
3593:
3579:
3565:
3551:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3519:Timber cruiser
3516:
3514:Shingle weaver
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3469:
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3408:
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3396:
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3379:
3374:
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3362:
3352:
3350:Rail transport
3347:
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3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3291:pulp and paper
3288:
3283:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Forest farming
3258:
3252:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3211:
3209:slash-and-char
3206:
3204:slash-and-burn
3201:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3128:Forest dieback
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
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2816:
2811:
2801:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2771:Urban forestry
2768:
2763:
2758:
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2607:
2599:
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2547:
2546:External links
2544:
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2463:
2442:
2417:
2392:
2365:
2352:(6): 528–537.
2332:
2295:
2289:978-0415862875
2288:
2270:
2221:
2164:
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2040:
2010:
1956:
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1326:Forestry Focus
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1209:Main article:
1207:
1206:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1178:Gabriel Hemery
1173:
1170:
1144:Roger Taverner
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1104:Main article:
1101:
1098:
1077:
1074:
956:
953:
859:
856:
854:
851:
814:Urban forestry
809:Hoyt Arboretum
774:
770:Urban forestry
766:
764:
763:Urban forestry
761:
740:photogrammetry
655:
647:
645:
642:
570:
547:
544:
513:plant taxonomy
457:, "tree"; and
438:
437:
425:
418:
411:
404:
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320:
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311:
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295:
287:
285:
282:
278:forest ecology
211:
208:
203:agroecological
182:
179:
177:
174:
127:carbon dioxide
83:provisioning.
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6750:Climate model
6748:
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6740:
6736:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
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6717:
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6707:
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6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6688:
6685:
6684:
6683:
6682:Cloud forcing
6680:
6678:
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6673:
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6668:
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6656:
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6651:
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6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6462:
6460:
6458:
6457:Communication
6454:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6437:Vulnerability
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6407:Flood control
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6384:
6382:
6380:
6376:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
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6337:
6335:
6332:
6328:
6325:
6324:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
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6310:
6308:
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6298:
6294:
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6284:
6280:
6264:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6249:
6243:
6240:
6237:
6234:
6230:
6229:reforestation
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6214:afforestation
6212:
6211:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6186:
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6182:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6172:
6166:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6149:Nuclear power
6147:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6123:
6117:
6114:
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6094:
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6089:
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6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6060:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6044:Carbon budget
6042:
6041:
6039:
6037:
6033:
6029:
6025:
6020:
6016:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5944:
5940:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5882:
5881:Mental health
5879:
5878:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5818:
5817:United States
5815:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5808:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5798:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5671:deoxygenation
5669:
5667:
5666:acidification
5664:
5663:
5662:
5659:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5642:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5575:
5571:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5494:
5487:
5483:
5469:
5466:
5462:
5461:from wetlands
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5421:Deforestation
5419:
5418:
5416:
5412:
5406:
5403:
5400:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5368:
5364:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5330:
5327:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5305:
5300:
5298:
5293:
5291:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5270:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5250:
5248:
5247:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5193:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5176:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5164:
5160:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5084:East Malaysia
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5027:United States
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4969:
4964:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4908:
4904:
4903:Deforestation
4897:
4892:
4890:
4885:
4883:
4878:
4877:
4874:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4793:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4720:Whoopie sling
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4705:Chainsaw mill
4703:
4701:
4700:Stump grinder
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4636:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4270:Diameter tape
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4229:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4162:afforestation
4158:
4157:Tree planting
4154:
4150:
4146:
4143:
4136:
4131:
4129:
4124:
4122:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4069:
4068:United States
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4003:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3834:United States
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3713:
3712:deforestation
3710:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3696:
3689:
3684:
3682:
3677:
3675:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3654:
3646:
3644:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3509:Rubber tapper
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3437:Choker setter
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3276:Manufacturing
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3113:Deforestation
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3089:Environmental
3087:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2990:reforestation
2988:
2986:
2985:afforestation
2983:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2854:
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2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2794:Arboriculture
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2746:Permaforestry
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
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2667:
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2649:
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2640:
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2601:
2600:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2560:at Wikisource
2559:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2543:
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2535:
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2526:
2521:
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2513:
2509:
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2499:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2464:9780801431814
2460:
2456:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2432:on 2010-07-08
2431:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2407:on 2014-02-01
2406:
2402:
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2382:
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2257:
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2199:
2195:
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2183:
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2116:
2112:
2108:
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2099:
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2090:
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2078:
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2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:S.A.P.I.EN.S.
1884:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1859:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1770:on 2017-08-04
1766:
1762:
1755:
1748:
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1742:
1737:
1731:
1717:on 2017-01-31
1713:
1709:
1702:
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1660:
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1653:0-387-51883-5
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1398:
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1367:
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1353:
1349:
1342:
1339:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1303:on 2013-10-19
1302:
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1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1232:Deforestation
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1204:
1198:
1193:
1188:
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1157:
1153:
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1094:microhabitats
1091:
1086:
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1083:marteloscopes
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1073:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1060:
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1037:postsecondary
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987:
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954:
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950:
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942:
938:
937:South America
933:
930:
928:
924:
920:
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909:
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900:
898:
893:
891:
887:
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875:
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865:
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852:
847:
846:city planners
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
810:
806:
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789:
783:
778:
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753:
749:
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724:of different
723:
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703:
702:wood products
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667:
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652:
643:
641:
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621:
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612:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
584:
580:
576:
567:
565:
561:
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540:
536:
532:
531:and species.
530:
526:
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518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
486:
485:Ancient Greek
482:
478:
474:
470:
469:
460:
459:Ancient Greek
456:
448:
447:Ancient Greek
444:
429:
422:
415:
408:
401:
394:
387:
380:
373:
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359:
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338:
331:
324:
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283:
281:
279:
275:
272:
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264:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:
231:
230:Ancient Greek
227:
226:
222:
217:
209:
207:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
175:
173:
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147:
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139:
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128:
125:
121:
117:
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109:
105:
101:
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93:
90:, fuel wood,
89:
84:
82:
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70:
66:
65:environmental
62:
58:
54:
48:
44:
39:
33:
19:
6845:
6833:
6821:
6802:
6635:Carbon cycle
6592:Measurements
6287:Society and
6171:carbon sinks
6076:Climate debt
6066:Carbon price
5888:Human rights
5718:Season creep
5676:heat content
5602:Anoxic event
5515:James Hansen
5256:
5244:
5216:
5143:Roman Empire
4769:
4747:
4665:Hand compass
4617:Steam donkey
4502:Lumber edger
4487:Crosscut saw
4432:Log splitter
4357:Fire flapper
4312:Tree caliper
4280:Inclinometer
4265:Cruising rod
4214:(Tuley tube)
4212:Tree shelter
4208:(dibble bar)
4196:Root trainer
4141:
4093:by continent
4085:
3744:Timber mafia
3707:Forest areas
3694:
3623:
3609:
3595:
3581:
3567:
3553:
3546:
3524:Tree planter
3504:Resin tapper
3484:Truck driver
3479:River driver
3228:Tree hugging
3213:
3196:
3163:timber mafia
3153:High grading
3138:Ghost forest
3108:Clearcutting
3031:Silviculture
3007:Horticulture
2851:Fire ecology
2766:Urban forest
2741:Mycoforestry
2701:
2697:Agroforestry
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2645:Forest areas
2643:
2636:
2625:
2569:
2538:
2530:free content
2522:
2516:
2508:free content
2500:
2494:
2486:free content
2478:
2454:
2451:N.D.G. James
2445:
2434:. Retrieved
2430:the original
2420:
2409:. Retrieved
2405:the original
2395:
2387:
2381:the original
2368:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2324:. Retrieved
2311:
2307:
2298:
2279:
2273:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2114:
2110:
2056:
2052:
2027:10419/108304
1972:
1968:
1918:
1914:
1889:
1883:
1872:
1861:
1850:. Retrieved
1837:
1802:
1797:
1783:cite journal
1772:. Retrieved
1765:the original
1760:
1730:cite journal
1719:. Retrieved
1712:the original
1707:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1643:
1637:
1631:(2): 128–31.
1628:
1624:
1614:
1573:
1568:
1559:
1550:
1532:
1516:
1511:
1499:. Retrieved
1494:
1485:
1449:
1423:. Retrieved
1409:
1373:
1366:
1347:
1341:
1329:. Retrieved
1325:
1316:
1305:. Retrieved
1301:the original
1291:
1277:Silviculture
1217:Agroforestry
1203:Trees portal
1163:
1155:
1152:John Manwood
1147:
1141:
1138:
1131:
1087:
1079:
1067:
1056:
1053:
1034:
1026:
998:soil science
979:
945:Minas Gerais
934:
931:
901:
894:
867:
752:biodiversity
716:extraction,
708:, and other
674:silviculture
664:
639:
632:
628:
620:forest fires
613:
587:
575:DNA sequence
568:
549:
497:woody plants
492:
476:
472:
466:
454:
441:
276:and natural
260:
256:silviculture
237:
224:
220:
213:
184:
170:forest cover
166:
158:
154:Silviculture
131:
110:management,
108:biodiversity
85:
71:and natural
52:
51:
6662:Carbon sink
6640:atmospheric
6505:video games
6179:Blue carbon
5807:Agriculture
5786:Marine life
5733:Water cycle
5691:temperature
5426:Fossil fuel
5212:Forestation
5181:New Zealand
5105:Philippines
4860:Woodworking
4730:Woodchipper
4522:Two-man saw
4437:Marking axe
4418:(shake axe)
4317:Wedge prism
4290:Rangefinder
4250:Angle gauge
4237:Mensuration
4170:Caulk boots
4053:South Korea
4002:New Zealand
3548:WikiProject
3472:smokejumper
3452:Firefighter
3415:Occupations
3399:Woodworking
2980:Forestation
2911:restoration
2866:informatics
2731:Ecoforestry
2564:‹ The
2184:(1): 5569.
1160:John Evelyn
1158:(1592) and
1002:climatology
822:populations
214:Silvology (
199:agriculture
124:atmospheric
69:plantations
6869:Dendrology
6863:Categories
6694:Cryosphere
6655:permafrost
6427:Resilience
6379:Adaptation
6354:Litigation
6344:Governance
6289:adaptation
6071:Carbon tax
6024:Mitigation
5961:Antarctica
5849:Disability
5069:Kalimantan
5012:Costa Rica
4948:Madagascar
4748:Categories
4570:Helicopter
4411:Brush hook
4245:3D scanner
4218:Tree spade
4191:Pottiputki
3852:Bangladesh
3719:Ministries
3697:by country
3494:Lumberjack
3489:Log scaler
3372:engineered
3323:non-timber
3296:sawmilling
3248:Industries
3215:svedjebruk
2926:transition
2906:protection
2896:old-growth
2881:governance
2836:Dendrology
2786:management
2652:Ministries
2436:2010-10-12
2411:2014-03-15
2326:2010-10-12
2241:: 100267.
2159:A579457448
2035:1698449297
2005:2578272675
1852:2009-04-06
1774:2017-01-20
1721:2017-01-20
1680:2024-04-08
1425:2014-03-15
1307:2014-03-15
1283:References
1120:See also:
1116:Literature
959:See also:
862:See also:
754:research,
722:replanting
690:recreation
686:aesthetics
593:resilience
552:provenance
525:autecology
473:science of
443:Dendrology
291:Dendrology
284:Dendrology
274:autecology
252:ecosystems
146:technology
104:landscapes
100:recreation
94:, natural
43:Timberjack
6709:Feedbacks
6480:Education
5981:Caribbean
5976:Australia
5903:Migration
5866:Fisheries
5812:Livestock
5738:Wildfires
5644:Heat wave
5171:Australia
5110:Sri Lanka
5065:Indonesia
4985:Argentina
4780:equipment
4758:equipment
4710:Tree tyer
4690:Log flume
4670:Hand hook
4600:Skid cone
4595:Pike pole
4590:Pickaroon
4575:Log truck
4565:Harvester
4555:Forwarder
4545:Cant hook
4379:(rakehoe)
4362:Fire rake
4352:Driptorch
4307:Relascope
4302:Microtome
4201:Seed trap
4149:equipment
4058:Sri Lanka
3990:Australia
3887:Sri Lanka
3814:Argentina
3442:Ecologist
3355:Tree farm
3256:Coppicing
3198:chitemene
3098:Acid rain
3046:allometry
2968:SmartWood
2916:secondary
2901:pathology
2876:inventory
2814:driftwood
2680:Arbor Day
2265:248646593
2089:232124649
1997:237947801
1951:252010508
1829:130116768
1600:cite book
1592:184983506
1477:241416114
1401:245009867
1090:thinnings
1018:sociology
1010:economics
1006:hydrology
908:Asheville
842:arborists
820:and tree
605:ecosystem
583:phenotype
569:The term
248:woodlands
210:Silvology
134:biosphere
61:woodlands
6874:Forestry
6835:Glossary
6823:Category
6645:biologic
6359:Politics
6251:Personal
5956:Americas
5824:Children
5590:Physical
5383:Overview
5323:Overview
5246:Category
5217:Forestry
5175:Victoria
5120:Thailand
5090:Mongolia
5080:Malaysia
5050:Cambodia
5007:Colombia
4994:Canada (
4972:Americas
4938:Ethiopia
4933:DR Congo
4815:Forestry
4805:Cleaning
4685:Log pond
4645:Denailer
4560:Go-devil
4497:Head saw
4470:Chainsaw
4406:Broadaxe
4401:Billhook
4372:Helitack
4177:(hoedag)
4142:Forestry
4098:agencies
4087:Category
3995:Tasmania
3965:Scotland
3882:Pakistan
3862:Cambodia
3807:Americas
3774:Ethiopia
3695:Forestry
3643:Category
3457:handcrew
3427:Arborist
3422:Forester
3382:mahogany
3328:palm oil
3318:charcoal
3303:Products
3238:Wildfire
3051:breeding
3012:GM trees
2861:dynamics
2673:Journals
2666:Colleges
2626:Forestry
2581:Forestry
2566:template
2558:Forestry
2320:Archived
2318:. 1969.
2308:Unasylva
2216:36195588
2151:30893352
2111:PLOS ONE
2081:33674479
2031:ProQuest
2001:ProQuest
1943:36048937
1540:Archived
1521:Archived
1501:April 5,
1419:Archived
1331:April 5,
1189:See also
1168:(1662).
1150:(1565),
1061:and the
994:genetics
878:Wetterau
805:Arborist
718:planting
698:wildlife
607:levels.
601:diseases
579:genotype
517:families
481:xylology
477:study of
358:Hornbeam
187:forestry
150:forester
53:Forestry
6650:oceanic
6500:fiction
6349:Justice
6300:Society
5908:Poverty
5622:Drought
5490:History
5414:Sources
5258:Commons
5227:Logging
5195:Related
5163:Oceania
5125:Vietnam
5095:Myanmar
4953:Nigeria
4840:Masonry
4830:Kitchen
4770:Commons
4695:Machete
4605:Skidder
4537:Logging
4527:Whipsaw
4507:Polesaw
4492:Dragsaw
4465:Bucksaw
4460:Bow saw
4422:Hatchet
4383:Pulaski
4186:Mattock
4048:Romania
4028:Denmark
3982:Oceania
3940:Romania
3925:Germany
3920:Finland
3915:Estonia
3653:Outline
3467:lookout
3462:hotshot
3343:tanbark
3313:biomass
3308:biochar
3286:plywood
3271:Logging
3175:wilding
2824:log jam
2781:Ecology
2568:below (
2475:Sources
2243:Bibcode
2207:9532392
2186:Bibcode
2142:6426338
2119:Bibcode
2061:Bibcode
2053:Science
1977:Bibcode
1923:Bibcode
1915:Science
1100:History
986:ecology
982:biology
876:in the
726:species
616:forests
535:ecology
521:species
455:dendron
451:δένδρον
344:Juniper
244:forests
191:ecology
176:Science
57:forests
47:Finland
6630:Albedo
6623:Theory
6334:Denial
6125:Energy
5986:Europe
5966:Arctic
5951:Africa
5876:Health
5871:Gender
5829:Cities
5754:Biomes
5661:Oceans
5649:Marine
5372:Causes
5148:Russia
5135:Europe
5115:Taiwan
5045:Borneo
5022:Mexico
4990:Brazil
4980:Amazon
4928:Angola
4920:Africa
4850:Mining
4820:Garden
4715:Tsakat
4622:Yarder
4585:Peavey
4427:Labrys
4377:McLeod
4175:Hoedad
4063:Taiwan
4038:Mexico
4018:Canada
3955:Turkey
3950:Sweden
3935:Russia
3930:Poland
3907:Europe
3897:Taiwan
3857:Bhutan
3829:Mexico
3819:Canada
3789:Uganda
3756:Africa
3499:Ranger
3447:Feller
3432:Bucker
3338:rubber
3281:lumber
3091:topics
3078:volume
3073:height
3019:i-Tree
2856:Forest
2809:coarse
2804:Debris
2703:dehesa
2585:Curlie
2571:Curlie
2461:
2286:
2263:
2214:
2204:
2157:
2149:
2139:
2087:
2079:
2033:
2003:
1995:
1949:
1941:
1892:1 (2)
1827:
1817:
1650:
1590:
1580:
1475:
1465:
1399:
1389:
1354:
990:botany
941:Viçosa
874:Hungen
838:forest
714:timber
680:, and
670:branch
529:genera
509:lianas
507:, and
505:shrubs
493:ksulon
468:-logia
463:-λογία
421:Linden
400:Cherry
330:Spruce
239:-logia
234:-λογία
144:, and
122:" for
88:timber
73:stands
6847:Index
6609:Proxy
6369:Women
5839:Crime
5766:Birds
5632:Flood
5100:Nepal
5060:India
5055:China
5017:Haiti
4943:Kenya
4855:Power
4775:tools
4753:tools
4638:Other
4627:swing
4517:Resaw
4340:DC-10
4295:laser
4260:Chain
4145:tools
4033:Kenya
4023:Chile
3970:Wales
3945:Spain
3892:Syria
3877:Nepal
3872:Japan
3867:India
3824:Chile
3784:Sudan
3779:Ghana
3333:rayon
3068:girth
3063:crown
3024:urban
2921:stand
2829:slash
2819:large
2690:Types
2638:Index
2384:(PDF)
2377:(PDF)
2314:(3).
2261:S2CID
2085:S2CID
1993:S2CID
1947:S2CID
1911:(PDF)
1846:(PDF)
1825:S2CID
1768:(PDF)
1757:(PDF)
1715:(PDF)
1704:(PDF)
1473:S2CID
1397:S2CID
1165:Sylva
1133:Sylva
888:, in
882:Hesse
826:urban
818:trees
694:water
668:is a
597:pests
501:trees
489:ξύλον
479:) or
414:Maple
379:Beech
372:Alder
365:Birch
351:Aspen
337:Larch
225:sylva
221:silva
216:Latin
142:craft
120:sinks
6432:Risk
5971:Asia
5558:2024
5553:2023
5548:2022
5543:2021
5538:2020
5533:2019
5075:Laos
5037:Asia
4825:Hand
4452:Saws
4416:Froe
4393:Axes
4345:UAVs
4147:and
3844:Asia
3769:Chad
3392:teak
3377:fuel
3367:Wood
3187:REDD
3041:Tree
2958:PEFC
2943:ATFS
2459:ISBN
2284:ISBN
2212:PMID
2155:Gale
2147:PMID
2077:PMID
1939:PMID
1815:ISBN
1789:link
1736:link
1648:ISBN
1606:link
1588:OCLC
1578:ISBN
1503:2018
1463:ISBN
1387:ISBN
1352:ISBN
1333:2018
1068:The
1020:and
1012:and
963:and
738:and
730:fire
720:and
599:and
550:The
407:Pear
323:Pine
271:tree
246:and
193:and
59:and
6495:art
2963:SFI
2953:FSC
2948:CFS
2886:law
2871:IPM
2783:and
2583:at
2354:doi
2350:113
2316:FAO
2251:doi
2202:PMC
2194:doi
2137:PMC
2127:doi
2069:doi
2057:371
2023:hdl
1985:doi
1931:doi
1919:377
1807:doi
1629:112
1455:doi
1379:doi
1162:'s
1154:'s
1146:'s
1043:or
935:In
872:at
824:in
801:ISA
736:GIS
595:to
554:of
527:of
475:or
428:Ash
393:Elm
386:Oak
265:at
223:or
6865::
2348:.
2344:.
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2200:.
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1991:.
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