128:
290:. According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910 the population of the town grew from 2,960 in 1880 to 5,058 in 1910 with a majority being Polish-speakers (at least 53.8% in 1880, at most 76.8% in 1890, then dropping to 59.5% in 1910), accompanied by German-speaking (at least 21.6% in 1890 then growing to 1,704 or 35.3% in 1910) and Czech-speaking minority (at most 546 or 18.8% in 1880, then dropping to 46 or 1.5% in 1890 and growing to 253 or 5.2% in 1910). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were
20:
259:
development of the town and surrounding villages occurred. Its impact was both positive and negative. Old settlements were destroyed and landscape was devastated. Industrial and coal mining expansion as well as the construction of railroads led to rapid growth of the area's importance. It became the most industrialized area in
Austria and later Czechoslovakia.
258:
there and raised the town from poverty, but a fire in 1823, Prussian occupation in 1866 and epidemics again made the development of the town difficult. Coal was discovered in 1776, but it was not until 1794 that it began to be exploited on a large scale. As a result of the coal industry, rapid
548:"Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commisione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti"
242:
became an important industry for the town with the creation of several ponds in the 16th century. The 17th century had a mostly negative impact on the town's development with fires, epidemics and the
76:
89:
55:
985:
398:
970:
975:
413:. In 1948 it was merged with Karviná and became a part of that city. In the 1960 reform of administrative divisions, the Fryštát District was superseded by the
141:
676:"Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego"
157:). The creation of the town was a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what will be later known as
263:
250:. The town was occupied for nearly thirty years by Danish forces and then by Swedish forces. The dilapidated town was then bought by owners of nearby
136:
127:
931:
487:
451:
388:
287:
857:
365:
577:
Broda, Jan (1992). "Materiały do dziejów Kościoła ewangelickiego w Księstwie Cieszyńskim i Państwie Pszczyńskim w XVI i XVII wieku".
811:
706:
586:
772:
746:
720:
917:
656:
Die postalischen
Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm KLEIN, 1967
227:. It was taken from them (as one from around fifty buildings in the region) by a special commission and given back to the
337:
345:
665:
Handbook of
Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850–1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.
174:
383:
104:
69:
850:
507:
82:
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220:
547:
238:. Development of the town was set back by a major fire in 1511 when all of the wooden houses burnt down.
887:
438:
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243:
980:
843:
414:
802:
Cicha, Irena; Jaworski, Kazimierz; Ondraszek, Bronisław; Stalmach, Barbara; Stalmach, Jan (2000).
318:
178:
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campaign, in 1939–1940, several Polish teachers, activist and a Polish priest were deported to
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prevailed in the Duchy of
Teschen (Cieszyn) and a local Catholic church was taken over by
194:
116:
61:
48:
40:
417:. Fryštát forms the historical centre of Karviná, which is otherwise an industrial city.
410:
275:
247:
108:
35:
964:
703:
Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion
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402:
170:
158:
149:. It meant that the a new town was being founded on the ground of the older village
643:
525:
432:
373:
369:
267:
239:
626:
631:(in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 273, 290.
581:(in Polish). Katowice: Dom Wydawniczy i Księgarski „Didache“. pp. 259–260.
508:"Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae T.14 Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis"
482:] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 289, 295.
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299:
224:
329:. In official dealings, only the German name of the town was used before 1867.
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Die
Ergebnisse der Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1910 in Schlesien
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839:
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Zeitschrift des
Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens
234:
From its beginning it was one of the most important centers of
835:
306:(13 or 0.2%). In the meantime it nearby Karwin with many
286:, in 1868 it was elevated to become a seat of a separate
682:(in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938
579:
Z historii Kościoła ewangelickiego na Śląsku Cieszyńskim
348:
as the main mining center of the country. Following the
204:
church was also built. It mentioned in the register of
321:), in the district of the same name, one of the eight
409:
women in the town. After the war it was restored to
111:. Until 1948 it was a separate town. It lies on the
721:"Internierungslager und Polenlager Karviná-Fryštát"
16:Town in Moravian-Silesian region in Czech Republic
986:Populated riverside places in the Czech Republic
628:Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem
310:and industrial facilities became more populous.
173:until 1653. In the document from 1327 when Duke
526:"Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis"
208:payment from 1447 among 50 parishes of Cieszyn
135:It was first mentioned in a Latin document of
851:
142:Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis
8:
392:). The Germans established and operated two
480:Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)
254:, the Larisch-Mönnich family. They built a
161:. Politically it belonged initially to the
99:) is an administrative part of the city of
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844:
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476:Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528)
264:Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire
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609:
607:
773:"Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Freistadt"
18:
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246:. In 1623 about 1,400 citizens died of
971:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
344:in 1920, the village became a part of
558:. Breslau: H. Markgraf: 369–372. 1893
452:Polish minority in the Czech Republic
389:Nazi crimes against the Polish nation
313:Until 1918, the town was part of the
270:was introduced in the re-established
68:
47:
34:
7:
976:Neighbourhoods in the Czech Republic
352:, in October 1938 together with the
169:and was ruled by a local branch of
165:, formed in 1290 in the process of
368:. The village was then annexed by
185:in the Duchy (the other two being
14:
360:, administratively organised in
806:. Český Těšín: Region Silesia.
405:, and a forced labour camp for
193:), so it was then a town under
177:became a vassal of the King of
625:Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918).
294:(4,437 or 87.8%), followed by
167:feudal fragmentation of Poland
115:, in the historical region of
1:
386:and then murdered there (see
200:In the process of location a
181:it is listed as one of three
429:– German television producer
317:(Austrian portion after the
288:Freistadt political district
274:. The town became seat of a
435:– Polish World War II pilot
1002:
701:Wardzyńska, Maria (2009).
873:
804:Olza od pramene po ujście
356:region it was annexed by
323:Bezirkshauptmannschaften
105:Moravian-Silesian Region
705:(in Polish). Warszawa:
680:Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich
615:Cicha et al. 2000, 103.
601:Cicha et al. 2000, 102.
512:Pan Biblioteka Kórnicka
376:. During the genocidal
338:Polish–Czechoslovak War
831:Website of the château
747:"Polenlager Freistadt"
221:Protestant Reformation
132:
65:
44:
24:
23:Town square in Fryštát
947:49.85417°N 18.54278°E
514:(in German). Breslau.
229:Roman Catholic Church
130:
22:
641:Ludwig Patryn (ed):
372:at the beginning of
366:Silesian Voivodeship
340:and the division of
145:from around 1305 as
131:Church of Saint Mark
943: /
709:. pp. 139–141.
384:concentration camps
70:[ˈfʁaɪʃtat]
36:[ˈfrɪʃtaːt]
952:49.85417; 18.54278
319:compromise of 1867
302:(267 or 5.3%) and
280:political district
268:municipal division
231:on 14 April 1654.
137:Diocese of Wrocław
133:
49:[ˈfrɨʂtat]
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489:978-83-926929-3-5
379:Intelligenzaktion
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298:(341 or 6.7%),
292:Roman Catholics
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195:German town law
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727:(in German)
472:Panic, Idzi
334:World War I
300:Protestants
965:Categories
938:18°32′34″E
935:49°51′15″N
908:Nové Město
828:(in Czech)
796:References
783:7 November
757:7 November
731:7 November
528:(in Latin)
401:camps for
395:Polenlager
354:Trans-Olza
308:coal mines
214:Freyenstat
113:Olza River
458:Footnotes
266:a modern
225:Lutherans
183:civitates
175:Casimir I
147:Frienstad
66:Freistadt
506:(1889).
474:(2010).
446:See also
92:Frysztot
45:Frysztat
981:Karviná
903:Mizerov
888:Hranice
883:Fryštát
867:Karviná
562:21 July
532:13 July
284:Teschen
256:château
210:deanery
191:Bielsko
187:Cieszyn
179:Bohemia
139:called
123:History
107:of the
103:in the
101:Karviná
28:Fryštát
810:
686:1 July
585:
486:
421:People
407:Jewish
358:Poland
332:After
304:others
262:After
252:Karwin
202:parish
62:German
41:Polish
32:Czech:
898:Louky
478:[
403:Poles
878:Doly
808:ISBN
785:2021
759:2021
733:2021
688:2014
583:ISBN
564:2014
534:2014
484:ISBN
296:Jews
189:and
913:Ráj
707:IPN
364:of
325:in
282:of
278:in
212:as
155:Ray
151:Ráj
967::
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749:.
723:.
678:.
606:^
556:27
550:.
510:.
336:,
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859:e
852:t
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761:.
735:.
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492:.
153:(
30:(
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