231:
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925:, and returns them to the patient's blood circulation. Hemolysis may occur if the centrifuge rotates too quickly (generally greater than 500 rpm)—essentially this is hemolysis occurring outside of the body. Increased hemolysis occurs with massive amounts of sudden blood loss, because the process of returning a patient's cells must be done at a correspondingly higher speed to prevent
50:
142:
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hemolysis are related to specimen collection. Difficult collections, unsecure line connections, contamination, and incorrect needle size, as well as improper tube mixing and incorrectly filled tubes are all frequent causes of hemolysis. Excessive suction can cause the red blood cells to be smashed on
501:
Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an autoimmune disease resulting from the mother's antibodies crossing the placenta to the fetus. This most often occurs when the mother has previously been exposed to blood antigens present on the fetus but foreign to her, through either a blood transfusion or a
2800:
The systemic removal of nitric oxide has been shown to contribute to clinical morbidities, including severe esophageal spasm and dysphagia, abdominal pain, erectile dysfunction, and thrombosis.16,17,23-26 In addition, systemic release of hemoglobin is associated with pulmonary and systemic
886:
owing to turbulence and physical forces. Such hemolysis is more likely to occur when a patient's veins are difficult to find or when they collapse when blood is removed by a syringe or a modern vacuum tube. Experience and proper technique are key for any
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McCaughey, Euan James; Vecellio, Elia; Lake, Rebecca; Li, Ling; Burnett, Leslie; Chesher, Douglas; Braye, Stephen; Mackay, Mark; Gay, Stephanie (2017-01-02). "Key factors influencing the incidence of hemolysis: A critical appraisal of current evidence".
820:
structurally-defective red blood cells, or those with antibodies attached, and release unconjugated bilirubin into the blood plasma circulation. Typically, the spleen destroys mildly abnormal red blood cells or those coated with
2801:
hypertension,17,20,53-55 decreased organ perfusion, and increased mortality.53-58 Plasma hemoglobin and its breakdown product heme can also directly activate endothelial cells and further promote inflammation and coagulation.27
2708:
Reiter, Christopher D.; Wang, Xunde; Tanus-Santos, Jose E.; Hogg, Neil; Cannon, Richard O.; Schechter, Alan N.; Gladwin, Mark T. (2002-11-11). "Cell-free hemoglobin limits nitric oxide bioavailability in sickle-cell disease".
1269:. This breakdown/replacement process is called erythrocyte turnover. In this sense, erythrolysis or hemolysis is a normal process that happens continually. However, these terms are usually used to indicate that the lysis is
897:
hemolysis during specimen collection can cause inaccurate laboratory test results by contaminating the surrounding plasma with the contents of hemolyzed red blood cells. For example, the concentration of
933:
imbalance, and a number of other hemodynamic and blood level factors. Modeling of fluid flows to predict the likelihood of red cell membrane rupture in response to stress is an active area of research.
625:(PNH), sometimes referred to as Marchiafava-Micheli syndrome, is a rare, acquired, potentially life-threatening disease of the blood characterized by complement-induced intravascular hemolytic anemia.
852:
Hemolysis of blood samples. Red blood cells without (left and middle) and with (right) hemolysis. If as little as 0.5% of the red blood cells are hemolyzed, the released hemoglobin will cause the
2329:
909:
hemolysis can still occur in a sample due to external factors, such as prolonged storage, incorrect storage conditions and excessive physical forces by dropping or vigorously mixing the tube.
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hemolysis can be caused by improper technique during collection of blood specimens, by the effects of mechanical processing of blood, or by bacterial action in cultured blood specimens.
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2094:
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Pulmonary hypertension has been gaining recognition as a complication of chronic hereditary and acquired hemolysis. Free hemoglobin released during hemolysis inactivates the
60:
2005:
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Muller, Andre; Jacobsen, Helene; Healy, Edel; McMickan, Sinead; Istace, Fréderique; Blaude, Marie-Noëlle; Howden, Peter; Fleig, Helmut; Schulte, Agnes (2006).
1437:
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patients where clots form in the small vessels of the kidney resulting in damaged red blood cells as they attempt to pass through the restricted vessels.
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to appear pale red or cherry red in color. Note that the hemolyzed sample appears clearer, because there are significantly fewer cells to scatter light.
902:
inside red blood cells is much higher than in the plasma and so an elevated potassium level is usually found in biochemistry tests of hemolyzed blood.
2379:
2015:
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1912:
Telford RD, Sly GJ, Hahn AG, Cunningham RB, Bryant C, Smith JA (January 2003). "Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running".
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Visualizing the physical appearance of hemolysis in cultured blood samples may be used as a tool to determine the species of various
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1802:
496:
2562:
917:
In some surgical procedures (especially some heart operations) where substantial blood loss is expected, machinery is used for
532:
A hemolytic crisis, or hyperhemolytic crisis, is characterized by an accelerated rate of red blood cell destruction leading to
2815:"Hemolysis and free hemoglobin revisited: exploring hemoglobin and hemin scavengers as a novel class of therapeutic proteins"
2532:
2064:
773:. Additionally, thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) can result in hemolysis of red blood cells. TMA is frequently observed in
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726:
Low-grade hemolytic anemia occurs in 70% of prosthetic heart valve recipients, and severe hemolytic anemia occurs in 3%.
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Faghih, Mohammad M.; Sharp, M. Keith (2019-03-07). "Modeling and prediction of flow-induced hemolysis: a review".
2931:"Haptoglobin, hemopexin, and related defense pathways—basic science, clinical perspectives, and drug development"
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100:
68:
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956:. Examples of the blood culture patterns created by (from left) alpha-, beta- and gamma-hemolytic streptococci.
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Schaer, Dominik J.; Vinchi, Francesca; Ingoglia, Giada; Tolosano, Emanuela; Buehler, Paul W. (2014-10-28).
383:
Hemolysis inside the body can be caused by a large number of medical conditions, including some parasites (
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748:. As a result, the contents of the red blood cell are released into the general circulation, leading to
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This article is about medical aspects of hemolysis. For hemolysis in the culture of microorganisms, see
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218:
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Effenberger-Neidnicht, Katharina; Hartmann, Matthias (2018). "Mechanisms of
Hemolysis During Sepsis".
89:
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Witek, K; Ścisłowska, J; Turowski, D; Lerczak, K; Lewandowska-Pachecka, S; Pokrywka, A (March 2017).
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Schaer, D. J.; Buehler, P. W.; Alayash, A. I.; Belcher, J. D.; Vercellotti, G. M. (2012-12-20).
2274:"Autoimmune haemolysis: an 18-year study of 865 cases referred to a regional transfusion centre"
1869:
Bossi, D; Russo, M (1996). "Hemolytic anemias due to disorders of red cell membrane skeleton".
1826:
Jacobasch, G; Rapoport, SM (1996). "Hemolytic anemias due to erythrocyte enzyme deficiencies".
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2095:"Hazard classification of chemicals inducing haemolytic anaemia: An EU regulatory perspective"
2011:
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Beris, Photis; Picard, Véronique (2015). "Non-immune
Hemolysis: Diagnostic Considerations".
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1423:(red blood cell precursors) to compensate for the loss of red blood cells due to hemolysis.
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1299:, the substrate needed for NO synthesis. This reduces NO-dependent vasodilation and induces
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hemolysis destroys red blood cells, in uncontrolled, chronic or severe cases it can lead to
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can be deposited in the spleen, bone marrow, kidney, liver, and other organs, resulting in
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Material was copied from this source, which is available under a
Creative Commons License.
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2872:"Hemopexin and haptoglobin: allies against heme toxicity from hemoglobin not contenders"
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Red blood cells (erythrocytes) have a short lifespan (approximately 120 days), and old (
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Barcellini, Wilma (2015). "Immune
Hemolysis: Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations".
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Complications may also arise from the increased workload for the kidney as it secretes
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2762:"The Clinical Sequelae of Intravascular Hemolysis and Extracellular Plasma Hemoglobin"
2658:"The Clinical Sequelae of Intravascular Hemolysis and Extracellular Plasma Hemoglobin"
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2007:
Biomaterials
Engineering and Devices: Orthopedic, dental, and bone graft applications
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921:. A centrifuge process takes blood from the patient, washes the red blood cells with
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1742:"Erythrocyte Alloimmunization and Pregnancy: Overview, Background, Pathophysiology"
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Rother, Russell P.; Bell, Leonard; Hillmen, Peter; Gladwin, Mark T. (2005-04-06).
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Rother, Russell P.; Bell, Leonard; Hillmen, Peter; Gladwin, Mark T. (2005-04-06).
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and can lead to increased risk of infection due to its inhibitory effects on the
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Haemolysis (alternative spelling), hematolysis, erythrolysis, or erythrocytolysis
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Hemolysis may result from intrinsic defects in the red blood cell itself:
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of those with hemolytic disorders appears to increase risk of developing
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1955:
Lippi G, Schena F, Salvagno GL, Aloe R, Banfi G, Guidi GC (July 2012).
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Intravascular hemolysis may occur when red blood cells are targeted by
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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
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1394:. It may also lead to increased levels of the heme breakdown product
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Extrinsic hemolysis is caused by the red blood cell's environment:
2034:
Stanley L Schrier. William C Mentzer; Jennifer S Tirnauer (eds.).
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947:
847:
789:
295:
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is sometimes called "parasitic hemolysis" in medical literature.
1371:
692:
1803:"Scientists Find Increased Red Blood Cell Destruction in Space"
1487:"Total bilirubin in athletes, determination of reference range"
825:, while severely abnormal red blood cells or those coated with
238:
in a hypertonic solution, causing water to move out of the cell
1265:) cells are constantly removed and replaced with new ones via
1132:
1055:
1007:
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43:
723:", the destruction of red blood cells in feet at foot impact.
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Immune-mediated causes could include transient factors as in
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in a hypotonic solution, causing water to move into the cell
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Rupturing of red blood cells and release of their contents
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2330:"Overview of Hemolytic Anemia – Hematology and Oncology"
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Defects of red blood cell membrane production (as in
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1957:"Foot-strike haemolysis after a 60-km ultramarathon"
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2668:(13). American Medical Association (AMA): 1653–62.
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744:describes hemolysis that happens mainly inside the
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206:
190:
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161:
156:
2239:Rhodes, Carl E.; Varacallo, Matthew (2019-03-04).
1236:) both use combining forms conveying the idea of "
829:are destroyed in the circulation or in the liver.
302:(erythrocytes) and the release of their contents (
2355:"Hypersplenism: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"
691:Acquired hemolytic anemia is also encountered in
417:), or blood with too low a solute concentration (
2825:(8). American Society of Hematology: 1276–1284.
2396:Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
2870:Smith, Ann; McCulloh, Russell J. (2015-06-30).
2601:"Pulmonary Hypertension in Hemolytic Disorders"
2220:NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)
2029:
2027:
913:From mechanical blood processing during surgery
2599:Machado, Roberto F.; Gladwin, Mark T. (2010).
2559:American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary
2529:American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary
804:. In this case little hemoglobin escapes into
397:, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, drug-induced
333:. Another cause is intense physical exercise.
74:Please review the contents of the article and
1315:activation, contributing to the formation of
37:"Laking" redirects here. For other uses, see
8:
2036:"Diagnosis of hemolytic anemia in the adult"
1544:Brock Biology of Microorganisms 13th Edition
1438:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
767:fixation, or by damage by parasites such as
695:and as a result of certain infections (e.g.
684:(increased activity of the spleen), such as
613:glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
544:. Hemolytic crises are a major concern with
2447:Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
2272:Sokol RJ, Hewitt S, Stamps BK (June 1981).
1291:nitric oxide (NO). Hemolysis also releases
341:, causing lysis and eventually cell death.
3003:
2998:Effects of Hemolysis on Clinical Specimens
1378:and depletion of plasma proteins, such as
1283:Hemolytic anemia § Signs and symptoms
153:
2964:
2946:
2905:
2887:
2846:
2777:
2673:
2632:
2297:
2121:
1980:
1518:
832:If extravascular hemolysis is extensive,
891:, nurse or doctor to prevent hemolysis.
788:refers to hemolysis taking place in the
656:(itself more common in diseases such as
596:Defects in hemoglobin production (as in
436:, which plays a significant role in the
321:One cause of hemolysis is the action of
229:
217:
1449:
2102:Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
1758:
1747:
325:, toxins that are produced by certain
1455:
1453:
719:can develop hemolytic anemia due to "
611:Defective red cell metabolism (as in
7:
2216:"Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome"
1639:
1637:
1635:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1568:"Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome"
905:After the blood collection process,
1358:Chronic hemolysis may also lead to
752:and increasing the risk of ensuing
713:causes non-immune hemolytic anemia.
623:Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
606:congenital dyserythropoietic anemia
462:parasites damages red blood cells,
456:Because the feeding process of the
2717:(12). Springer Nature: 1383–1389.
2334:Merck Manuals Professional Edition
2192:"Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA)"
1658:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.07.005
1610:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.05.001
1546:. Benjamin Cummings. p. 804.
556:Toxic agent ingestion or poisoning
470:HELLP, pre-eclampsia, or eclampsia
403:atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
25:
573:Spaceflight can cause hemolysis.
405:(aHUS)), some genetic disorders (
291:
2979:
2565:from the original on 8 July 2018
2535:from the original on 8 July 2018
2168:"Bilirubin and hemolytic anemia"
1462:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
1176:
1125:
1045:
1000:
497:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
491:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
251:
170:
140:
48:
2328:Braunstein, Evan (2019-05-03).
1926:10.1152/japplphysiol.00631.2001
565:ingestion can cause hemolysis.
306:) into surrounding fluid (e.g.
2502:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
2241:"Physiology, Oxygen Transport"
982:Hemolysis is sometimes called
393:), some autoimmune disorders (
76:add the appropriate references
1:
2408:10.1080/10408363.2016.1250247
1871:Molecular Aspects of Medicine
1828:Molecular Aspects of Medicine
648:) or permanent factors as in
2831:10.1182/blood-2012-11-451229
1883:10.1016/0098-2997(96)88346-4
1840:10.1016/0098-2997(96)88345-2
1542:Madigan, Michael T. (2010).
1503:10.5114/biolsport.2017.63732
919:intraoperative blood salvage
670:chronic lymphocytic leukemia
658:systemic lupus erythematosus
371:
360:
337:damage the red blood cell's
2941:. Frontiers Media SA: 415.
2882:. Frontiers Media SA: 187.
2611:(6). Elsevier BV: 30S–38S.
2114:10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.04.004
2108:(3). Elsevier BV: 229–241.
1374:leads to the production of
654:autoimmune hemolytic anemia
61:reliable medical references
3064:
2459:10.1007/s10237-019-01137-1
1801:Guzman, Ana (2022-02-24).
1366:-1-mediated responses and
1280:
941:
814:reticuloendothelial system
734:
676:Spur cell hemolytic anemia
617:pyruvate kinase deficiency
509:
494:
366:
354:
349:From hemo- + -lysis, from
36:
29:
2290:10.1136/bmj.282.6281.2023
2065:"Intravascular hemolysis"
2004:Wise, Donald Lee (2000).
1704:10.1007/s10753-018-0810-y
1464:(3rd ed.). Longman.
1341:decreased organ perfusion
591:hereditary elliptocytosis
169:
67:or relies too heavily on
2948:10.3389/fphys.2014.00415
2889:10.3389/fphys.2015.00187
2779:10.1001/jama.293.13.1653
2675:10.1001/jama.293.13.1653
944:Hemolysis (microbiology)
873:From specimen collection
587:hereditary spherocytosis
32:Hemolysis (microbiology)
2935:Frontiers in Physiology
2876:Frontiers in Physiology
1572:Genetics Home Reference
1460:Wells, John C. (2008).
1360:endothelial dysfunction
1097:conveying the idea of "
786:Extravascular hemolysis
781:Extravascular hemolysis
742:Intravascular hemolysis
737:Intravascular hemolysis
731:Intravascular hemolysis
646:cold agglutinin disease
310:). Hemolysis may occur
39:Laking (disambiguation)
2278:Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)
1757:Cite journal requires
1646:Seminars in Hematology
1598:Seminars in Hematology
962:Gram-positive bacteria
957:
882:their way through the
861:
424:Hemolysis can lead to
239:
227:
2617:10.1378/chest.09-3057
1337:systemic hypertension
951:
938:From bacteria culture
851:
680:Any of the causes of
641:Mycoplasma pneumoniae
233:
221:
2561:. Houghton Mifflin.
2531:. Houghton Mifflin.
1973:10.2450/2012.0167-11
1406:pulmonary thrombosis
1390:, which may lead to
1333:erectile dysfunction
721:footstrike hemolysis
662:rheumatoid arthritis
502:previous pregnancy.
446:innate immune system
339:cytoplasmic membrane
294:, is the rupturing (
1319:. This can lead to
827:IgM-type antibodies
823:IgG-type antibodies
686:portal hypertension
650:autoimmune diseases
602:sickle-cell disease
546:sickle-cell disease
452:Parasitic hemolysis
411:Sickle-cell disease
327:pathogenic bacteria
292:several other names
2723:10.1038/nm1202-799
2555:"erythrocytolysis"
1370:. The release of
1240:of erythrocytes" (
958:
862:
818:engulf and destroy
754:hyperbilirubinemia
666:Hodgkin's lymphoma
562:Paxillus involutus
432:released into the
240:
228:
3035:
3034:
2772:(13): 1653–1662.
2505:. Merriam-Webster
2196:UNC Kidney Center
2017:978-0-89603-859-2
1553:978-0-321-64963-8
1471:978-1-4058-8118-0
1415:to stimulate the
884:hypodermic needle
290:), also known by
216:
215:
151:Medical condition
149:
148:
125:
16:(Redirected from
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2380:"Capital Health"
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2284:(6281): 2023–7.
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2148:
2142:. Archived from
2125:
2099:
2090:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2042:. Archived from
2031:
2022:
2021:
2010:. Humana Press.
2001:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1914:J. Appl. Physiol
1909:
1903:
1902:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1779:. Archived from
1773:
1767:
1766:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1745:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1698:(5): 1569–1581.
1687:
1678:
1677:
1641:
1630:
1629:
1593:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1522:
1491:Biology of Sport
1482:
1476:
1475:
1457:
1419:to produce more
1321:esophageal spasm
1235:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1172:erythrocytolysis
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
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1087:
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1057:
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1038:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
992:erythrocytolysis
844:Outside the body
816:in these organs
705:or poisoning by
630:Extrinsic causes
577:Intrinsic causes
528:Hemolytic crisis
522:hemolytic anemia
512:Hemolytic anemia
506:Hemolytic anemia
399:hemolytic anemia
375:, 'loosening').
374:
369:
368:
363:
357:
356:
289:
288:
285:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
174:
154:
144:
143:
135:
132:
126:
124:
83:
52:
51:
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2927:
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2869:
2868:
2864:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2711:Nature Medicine
2707:
2706:
2699:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2598:
2597:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2553:
2552:
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2536:
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2522:
2518:
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2494:
2490:
2444:
2443:
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2391:
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2378:
2377:
2373:
2364:
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2339:
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2327:
2326:
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2200:
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2190:
2189:
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2166:
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2161:
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2150:
2146:
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2082:
2073:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2058:
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2047:
2033:
2032:
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2018:
2003:
2002:
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1954:
1953:
1949:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1811:
1809:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1786:
1784:
1775:
1774:
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1756:
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1688:
1681:
1643:
1642:
1633:
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1574:
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1541:
1540:
1536:
1484:
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1472:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1446:
1429:
1343:, promotion of
1285:
1279:
1179:
1175:
1128:
1124:
1095:combining forms
1048:
1044:
1003:
999:
980:
952:Hemolysis from
946:
940:
915:
877:Most causes of
875:
846:
783:
739:
733:
632:
579:
571:
569:Space hemolysis
558:
550:G6PD deficiency
542:reticulocytosis
530:
514:
508:
499:
493:
472:
454:
415:G6PD deficiency
381:
379:Inside the body
347:
300:red blood cells
254:
250:
152:
145:
141:
136:
130:
127:
84:
73:
69:primary sources
53:
49:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3059:
3051:
3050:
3040:
3039:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3007:Classification
3001:
3000:
2993:
2992:External links
2990:
2987:
2986:
2921:
2862:
2805:
2752:
2697:
2648:
2576:
2546:
2525:"erythrolysis"
2516:
2488:
2453:(4): 845–881.
2437:
2385:
2371:
2346:
2313:
2264:
2245:NCBI Bookshelf
2231:
2207:
2183:
2159:
2080:
2056:
2023:
2016:
1996:
1967:(3): 377–383.
1961:Blood Transfus
1947:
1904:
1861:
1818:
1793:
1768:
1759:|journal=
1733:
1679:
1652:(4): 287–303.
1631:
1604:(4): 304–312.
1583:
1559:
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1534:
1477:
1470:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1428:
1425:
1413:erythropoietin
1398:in the stool.
1329:abdominal pain
1295:that depletes
1278:
1275:
1267:erythropoiesis
979:
976:
942:Main article:
939:
936:
914:
911:
874:
871:
845:
842:
782:
779:
761:autoantibodies
750:hemoglobinemia
735:Main article:
732:
729:
728:
727:
724:
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703:Lead poisoning
700:
689:
678:
673:
631:
628:
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510:Main article:
507:
504:
495:Main article:
492:
489:
488:
487:
477:HELLP syndrome
471:
468:
453:
450:
426:hemoglobinemia
380:
377:
346:
343:
236:red blood cell
224:red blood cell
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
201:kidney disease
197:Kidney failure
194:
188:
187:
182:
176:
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2526:
2520:
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2503:
2498:
2497:"hematolysis"
2492:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2441:
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2208:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2149:on 2019-05-03
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2046:on 2017-12-26
2045:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1939:
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1923:
1919:
1915:
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1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1877:(2): 171–88.
1876:
1872:
1865:
1862:
1857:
1853:
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1845:
1841:
1837:
1834:(2): 143–70.
1833:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1794:
1783:on 2010-06-24
1782:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1764:
1751:
1744:. 2019-02-02.
1743:
1737:
1734:
1729:
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1717:
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1422:
1421:reticulocytes
1418:
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1334:
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1322:
1318:
1314:
1313:tissue factor
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1277:Complications
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1244:
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1119:). The words
1118:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1042:
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997:
993:
989:
985:
977:
975:
973:
972:
971:Streptococcus
967:
963:
955:
954:Streptococcus
950:
945:
937:
935:
932:
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924:
923:normal saline
920:
912:
910:
908:
903:
901:
896:
892:
890:
885:
880:
872:
870:
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867:
859:
855:
850:
843:
841:
839:
838:hemosiderosis
835:
830:
828:
824:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
780:
778:
776:
772:
771:
766:
763:, leading to
762:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
730:
725:
722:
718:
715:
712:
708:
704:
701:
698:
694:
690:
687:
683:
682:hypersplenism
679:
677:
674:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:
637:
636:
635:
629:
624:
621:
618:
614:
610:
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603:
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583:
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547:
543:
539:
535:
527:
525:
523:
519:
513:
505:
503:
498:
490:
486:
482:
481:Pre-eclampsia
478:
474:
473:
469:
467:
465:
461:
460:
451:
449:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:
386:
378:
376:
373:
364:, 'blood') +
362:
352:
351:Ancient Greek
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
287:
248:
244:
237:
232:
225:
220:
212:
209:
205:
202:
198:
195:
193:
192:Complications
189:
186:
183:
181:
177:
173:
168:
164:
160:
155:
138:
134:
131:November 2021
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92: –
91:
87:
86:Find sources:
81:
77:
71:
70:
66:
62:
57:This article
55:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
3019:
2938:
2934:
2924:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2822:
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2808:
2799:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2714:
2710:
2665:
2661:
2651:
2608:
2604:
2567:. Retrieved
2558:
2549:
2537:. Retrieved
2528:
2519:
2507:. Retrieved
2500:
2491:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2402:(1): 59–72.
2399:
2395:
2388:
2374:
2363:. Retrieved
2361:. 2019-04-30
2358:
2349:
2338:. Retrieved
2333:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2256:. Retrieved
2244:
2234:
2223:. Retrieved
2219:
2210:
2199:. Retrieved
2195:
2186:
2175:. Retrieved
2171:
2162:
2151:. Retrieved
2144:the original
2105:
2101:
2072:. Retrieved
2068:
2059:
2048:. Retrieved
2044:the original
2039:
2006:
1999:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1920:(1): 38–42.
1917:
1913:
1907:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1810:. Retrieved
1806:
1796:
1785:. Retrieved
1781:the original
1771:
1750:cite journal
1736:
1695:
1692:Inflammation
1691:
1649:
1645:
1601:
1597:
1575:. Retrieved
1571:
1562:
1543:
1537:
1497:(1): 45–48.
1494:
1490:
1480:
1461:
1410:
1400:
1368:vasculopathy
1357:
1345:inflammation
1311:factors and
1309:procoagulant
1307:generation,
1303:activation,
1286:
1271:pathological
1260:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1171:
1121:erythrolysis
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1040:
995:
994:. The words
991:
988:erythrolysis
987:
983:
981:
978:Nomenclature
969:
965:
964:infections (
959:
953:
916:
906:
904:
894:
893:
889:phlebotomist
878:
876:
864:
863:
831:
806:blood plasma
785:
784:
768:
758:
741:
740:
639:
633:
580:
572:
560:
559:
531:
517:
515:
500:
457:
455:
438:pathogenesis
434:blood plasma
423:
406:
394:
388:
384:
382:
348:
320:
308:blood plasma
246:
242:
241:
128:
118:
111:
104:
97:
85:
65:verification
58:
2359:MedlinePlus
1417:bone marrow
1402:Splenectomy
1396:stercobilin
1384:haptoglobin
1349:coagulation
1289:vasodilator
1101:of blood" (
1093:) both use
1041:hematolysis
984:hematolysis
927:hypotension
834:hemosiderin
810:macrophages
802:lymph nodes
798:bone marrow
746:vasculature
644:infection (
598:thalassemia
421:to cells).
162:Other names
90:"Hemolysis"
59:needs more
3048:Hematology
2365:2019-05-08
2340:2019-05-05
2336:(in Latin)
2258:2019-05-04
2225:2020-08-19
2201:2020-08-19
2177:2019-05-08
2153:2019-05-04
2123:10029/5596
2074:2019-05-08
2050:2019-05-04
1812:2022-06-09
1787:2010-07-04
1777:"Innvista"
1577:2020-08-18
1444:References
1364:endothelin
1353:thrombosis
1317:thrombosis
1297:L-arginine
1281:See also:
765:complement
459:Plasmodium
430:hemoglobin
390:Plasmodium
335:Hemolysins
323:hemolysins
247:haemolysis
101:newspapers
18:Haemolytic
2957:1664-042X
2898:1664-042X
2839:0006-4971
2788:0098-7484
2731:1078-8956
2684:0098-7484
2625:0012-3692
2467:1617-7940
2416:1040-8363
2172:eClinpath
2132:0273-2300
2069:eClinpath
1891:0098-2997
1848:0098-2997
1712:1573-2576
1666:1532-8686
1618:1532-8686
1511:0860-021X
1433:Hemolysin
1388:hemopexin
1376:bilirubin
1325:dysphagia
1263:senescent
996:hemolysis
900:potassium
485:Eclampsia
419:hypotonic
345:Etymology
304:cytoplasm
243:Hemolysis
185:Pathology
180:Specialty
157:Hemolysis
3042:Category
2975:25389409
2916:26175690
2857:23264591
2796:15811985
2747:19878520
2739:12426562
2692:15811985
2643:20522578
2563:Archived
2533:Archived
2483:73496695
2475:30847662
2424:28013559
2253:30855920
2140:16793184
2040:UpToDate
1991:22682343
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