44:. His difficulty was the fact that some people do believe in supernatural agents, and others do not. It is hard to get to the real cause of this difference. And, although supernatural reasons might be given from theology, as a philosopher he also looked into ordinary life experiences: when and why do we start or stop believing a person? He discovered that real assent, i.e. firm belief, as opposed to notional assent, comes about, not through ordinary syllogisms, but by a mysterious cumulation of probabilities of lived experience. There must be, therefore, in the mind a power that collects, accumulates, and connects probabilities to a higher degree of certainty. For this power, or inner sense, he uses the neologism "illative sense". The term itself is derived from the Latin verb
48:, meaning "to bring". "Illative" means, then, "to bring in". For Newman it is the automatic data-collecting and -processing capacity in the sub-conscious mind, by which we get to know better or deeper both the content and certainty of the first principles of our knowledge, and of many natural and supernatural (religious) concepts and notional and/or real assents thereof.
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he uses many examples from ordinary life: from travels to military history. Of course, it applied to his own gradual conversion from
Anglicanism to Catholicism: "For myself, it was not logic, then, that carried me on; as well might one say that the quicksilver in the barometer changes the weather. It
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Cfr. Martin X. Moleski, "Illative Sense and Tacit
Knowledge: A Comparison of the Epistemologies of John Henry Newman and Michael Polanyi", in: Allsopp, Michael E., Burke, Ronald R., eds.,
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is the concrete being that reasons; pass a number of years, and I find my mind in a new place; how? the whole man moves; paper logic is but the record of it."
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Andrew M. Greenwell, "Converging and
Convincing Proof of God: Cardinal Newman and the Illative Sense" Catholic Online (https://www.catholic.org) 11/2/2012
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John David Ryan, "The
Relation of the Illative Sense to the Act of Assent According to J. H. Newman", MA Thesis, Loyola University Chicago, 1959
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Our Way to
Certitude. An Introduction to Newman’s Psychological Discovery: The Illative Sense, and its Grammar of Assent
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For Newman the term was a neologism, in order to give a name to the process of acquiring religious assent. But in his
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Fundamental
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Francisco Sánchez Leyva, "The "illative sense" of truth, According to John Henry Newman", in:
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Dr. Zeno, "Newman's
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Aiden
Nichols, "John Henry Newman and the Illative Sense: A Re-consideration", in:
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Dr. Zeno, "Newman's
Psychological Discovery: The Illative Sense" (Continued), in:
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The
Relation of the Illative Sense to the Act of Assent According to J. H. Newman
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The Nature of Reasoning in John Henry Cardinal Newman's Grammar of Assent
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143:. Waterloo, Ont.: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. pp. 7–10.
368:, Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004
212:"Lecture 5: Newman's Distinction between Real and Notional Assent"
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Dr. Zeno, "Synthesis: The Existence of the Illative Sense", in:
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to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
100:"The Philosophical Relevance of John Henry Newman"
274:, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 69–91,
190:"Newman Reader - Grammar of Assent - Chapter 4"
137:Newman, Jay (1986). "Newman as a philosopher".
255:(Master's thesis). Loyola University Chicago.
178:(Master's thesis). Loyola University Chicago.
40:Newman wrestled 20 years before he wrote the
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373:The Mental Philosophy of John Henry Newman
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323:(2nd ed.). London. 1865. p. 188.
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397:63(2013), nr. 176, pp. 487-506
303:"Ferre - The Latin Dictionary"
268:"Faith and the Illative Sense"
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249:Roberts, Lawrence D. (1964).
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307:latindictionary.wikidot.com
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98:Marchetto, Michele (2011).
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541:Concepts in epistemology
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383:38(1985)3, pp. 347 - 368
364:* Frederick D. Aquino,
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321:Apologia pro Vita Sua
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395:Theologica Xaveriana
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