512:
168:
526:
894:
890:
552:) saw the valves located beside to the cylinder(s), in an "upside down" orientation parallel to the cylinder. Although this design made for simplified and cheap construction, the twisting path of the intake and exhaust gasses had major drawbacks for the airflow, which limited engine RPM and could cause the engine block to overheat under sustained heavy load. The flathead design evolved into
249:
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582:
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between 1950s until 1980s. The location of the valves is broadly the same between OHV and OHC engines, however OHC engines saw the camshaft located to the top of the engine with the valves and OHC engines often have more valves per cylinder. Most OHC engines have an extra intake and an extra exhaust
609:
patented a valve gear for double-beat poppet valves in 1842. Criticism was reported in the journal
Science in 1889 of equilibrium poppet valves (called by the article the "double or balanced or American puppet valve") in use for paddle steamer engines, that by its nature it must leak 15 percent.
447:
Early engines in the 1890s and 1900s used an "automatic" intake valve, which was opened by the vacuum in the combustion chamber and closed by a light spring. The exhaust valve had to be mechanically driven to open it against the pressure in the cylinder. Use of automatic valves simplified the
432:
cooled. The valve is hollow and filled with sodium, which melts at a relatively low temperature and, in its liquid state, convects heat away from the hot valve head to the stem where it may be conducted to the cylinder head. Common in second world war piston engines, now only found in high
233:
194:
Poppet valves are best known for their use in internal combustion and steam engines, but are used in general pneumatic and hydraulic circuits where a pulsed flow control is wanted. The pulse can be controlled by a combination of differential pressure and spring load as required.
74:
It consists of a hole or open-ended chamber, usually round or oval in cross-section, and a plug, usually a disk shape on the end of a shaft known as a valve stem. The working end of this plug, the valve face, is typically ground at a 45° bevel to seal against a corresponding
605:, in which two valve plugs ride on a common stem, with the pressure on one plug largely balancing the pressure on the other. In these valves, the force needed to open the valve is determined by the pressure and the difference between the areas of the two valve openings.
392:
is used to prevent oil being drawn into the intake manifold and combustion chamber. Typically, a rubber lip-type seal is used. A common symptom of worn valve guides and/or defective oil seals is a puff of blue smoke from the exhaust pipe at times of increased intake
701:, although the valves commonly failed because the locomotives were commonly operated in excess of 160 km/h (100 mph), and the valves were not meant for the stresses of such speeds. The poppet valves also gave the locomotive a distinctive "chuffing" sound.
600:
When used in high-pressure applications, for example, as admission valves on steam engines, the same pressure that helps seal poppet valves also contributes significantly to the force required to open them. This has led to the development of the balanced poppet or
190:
In most cases it is beneficial to have a "balanced poppet" in a direct-acting valve. Less force is needed to move the poppet because all forces on the poppet are nullified by equal and opposite forces. The solenoid coil has to counteract only the spring force.
36:
45:
567:
between 1904 until late-1960s/early-to-mid 1970s, whereby the intake and exhaust valves are both located directly above the cylinder (with the camshaft located at the bottom of the engine). In turn, OHV engines were largely replaced by the
224:, and the poppet valve recovers a large quantity of this air (along with a significant amount of seawater) in order to reduce the tell-tale cloud of bubbles that might otherwise betray the boat's submerged position.
596:
in the 1770s. A sectional illustration of Watt's beam engine of 1774 using the device is found in
Thurston 1878:98, and Lardner (1840) provides an illustrated description of Watt's use of the poppet valve.
573:
valve per cylinder (four-valve cylinder head), compared with the design of two valves per cylinder used by most OHV engines. However some OHC engines have used three or five valves per cylinder.
357:. The side of the poppet valve which sits inside the combustion chamber is a flat disk, while the other side tapers from the disk shape to a thin cylindrical rod called a "valve stem".
98:
1842:
1173:
455:
Mechanical operation is usually by pressing on the end of the valve stem, with a spring generally being used to return the valve to the closed position. At high engine speeds (
388:
cylinder heads, the valve seats are often part of the cylinder head. A gap of 0.4–0.6 mm (0.016–0.024 in) is present around the valve stem, therefore a valve stem
475:
use a second rocker arm to mechanically close the valves (instead of using valve springs) and are sometimes used to avoid valve float in engines that operate at high RPM.
1048:
1835:
452:
limited the speed at which the engine could run, and by about 1905 mechanically operated inlet valves were increasingly adopted for vehicle engines.
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585:
Balanced poppet valve from U.S. Patent 339,809. High pressure steam enters at A and exits at B. The valve stem D moves up to open the valve discs C
2717:
209:
are examples of poppet valves. The Presta valve has no spring and relies on a pressure differential for opening and closing while being inflated.
556:, used in many early motorcycles and several cars. In an IOE engine, the intake valves were located directly above the cylinder (like the later
1741:
155:, which, like the poppet valve, move bodily in response to remote motion transmitted linearly. In the past, "puppet valve" was a synonym for
71:
typically used to control the timing and quantity of petrol (gas) or vapour flow into or out of an engine, but with many other applications.
861:
1828:
687:, used Lentz oscillating-cam poppet valves, which were operated by the Walschaert valve gear the locomotives were already equipped with.
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to the plane of the port. The main advantage of the poppet valve is that it has no movement on the seat, thus requiring no lubrication.
1142:
Criticism by E.N. Dickerson in lecture to the
Electric Club of New York 17/01/1889, reported by Science vol.13 No.314, Feb 8 1889 p.95
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and provide lubrication for the valves. Modern materials for the valves (such as stainless steel) and valve seats (such as
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2010:
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Jacques
Mouchly, Valve and Valve Gear for Locomotives and Other Engines, U.S. Patent 1,824,830, issued Sept. 29, 1931.
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Many modern engines use an aluminium cylinder head. Although this provides better heat transfer, it requires steel
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Piston engine with an automatically actuated intake valve (in red), and a cam-activated exhaust valve (in blue)
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used poppet valves in their steam wagons and steam locomotives. Reversing was achieved by a simple sliding
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Exhaust valves are subject to very high temperatures and in extreme high performance applications may be
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Many locomotives in France, particularly those rebuilt to the designs of Andre
Chapelon, such as the
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Historically, valves had two major issues, both of which have been solved by improvements in modern
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404:. The first was that in early internal combustion engines, high wear rates of valves meant that a
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A pressure differential on either side of the valve can assist or impair its performance. In
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In a typical modern mass-production engines, the valves are solid and made from steel
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482:(s) control the opening of the valves, via several intermediate mechanisms (such as
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over a seat to uncover a port, the poppet valve lifts from the seat with a movement
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Herman G. Mueller, Steam Engine Valve, U.S. Patent 1,983,803, issued Dec. 11, 1934.
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The poppet valve is different from both slide and oscillating valves. Instead of
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was using poppet valves to control the flow of steam into the cylinders of his
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ground into the rim of the chamber being sealed. The shaft travels through a
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means the valve spring cannot close the valve as quickly enough, leading to
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applications higher pressure against the valve helps to seal it, and in
44:
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483:
273: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
213:
97:
The poppet valve was invented in 1833 by
American E.A.G. Young of the
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to regrind the valves was required at regular intervals. Secondly,
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Poppet valves with valve springs, valve stem collets and oil seal
1820:
1746:
220:. Many systems use compressed air to expel the torpedo from the
206:
1824:
1155:
891:"U.S. Patent No. 339809, "Puppet Valve", issued April 13, 1886"
412:
had been used in petrol (gasoline) since the 1920s, to prevent
1193:
242:
349:
to control the flow of intake and exhaust gasses through the
212:
Poppet valves are employed extensively in the launching of
1011:
792:. North Chelmsford, MA: Courier Corporation. p. 145.
151:
to describe a valve comes from the same word applied to
494:). The shape of the cams on the camshaft influence the
617:
Oscillating poppet valve on one of
Chapelon's rebuilt
369:. However some engines use hollow valves filled with
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159:; however, this usage of "puppet" is now obsolete.
498:and determine the timing of when the valves open.
868:. Websters-online-dictionary.org. Archived from
397:, such as when the throttle is abruptly closed.
690:The poppet valve was also used on the American
1836:
1167:
8:
667:BR standard class 8 71000 Duke of Gloucester
1079:A History of the Growth of the Steam Engine
770:Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Encyclopedia
563:These designs were largely replaced by the
517:Flathead engine (valve shown in light blue)
94:applications lower pressure helps open it.
2492:
2431:
2118:
1900:
1843:
1829:
1821:
1174:
1160:
1152:
1103:The steam engine explained and illustrated
333:Learn how and when to remove this message
1240:Crankcase ventilation system (PCV valve)
1082:. New York: Appleton & Co. pp.
2718:Glossary of steam locomotive components
986:"Some Facts About Sodium-Filled Valves"
759:
101:. Young had patented his idea, but the
1106:. London: Taylor and Walton. pp.
943:Piston spool valves and poppet valves
897:from the original on January 10, 2017
7:
1054:from the original on October 3, 2015
790:A History of the American Locomotive
271:adding citations to reliable sources
228:Usage in internal combustion engines
946:. Esslingen: Festo AG & Co. KG.
478:In most mass-produced engines, the
2570:National Museum of Scotland engine
1042:"A Handy Guide to Clinton Engines"
1022:from the original on 18 March 2018
921:. New York: McGraw Hill. pp.
25:
99:Newcastle and Frenchtown Railroad
2752:List of steam technology patents
1114:from the original on 2013-10-04.
984:Cameron, Kevin (22 April 2020).
929:from the original on 2016-06-03.
625:Poppet valves have been used on
554:intake over exhaust (IOE) engine
524:
510:
247:
43:
34:
1342:Overhead valve (pushrod) layout
866:from 1913 Webster's dictionary"
843:from the original on 2012-01-12
814:from the original on 2011-10-17
777:from the original on 2016-06-11
570:overhead camshaft (OHC) engines
345:Poppet valves are used in most
258:needs additional citations for
2737:Murdoch's model steam carriage
2723:History of steam road vehicles
915:Fessenden, Charles H. (1915).
1:
2664:Murray's Hypocycloidal Engine
957:Navy, U. S. (February 2009).
502:Number and location of valves
384:inserts to be used; in older
105:destroyed all records of it.
2387:Return connecting rod engine
637:. British examples include:
629:, often in conjunction with
424:Sodium Cooled Exhaust Valves
2311:Condensing steam locomotive
565:overhead valve (OHV) engine
236:Poppet valves in a typical
83:to maintain its alignment.
2809:
2618:"Coalbrookdale Locomotive"
1183:Internal combustion engine
537:
440:
132:("youth" or "doll"), from
103:Patent Office fire of 1836
2624:"Pen-y-Darren" locomotive
2293:Single- and double-acting
1800:
1651:Diesel particulate filter
1603:Idle air control actuator
1544:Engine control unit (ECU)
1189:
1064:R. P. M. 2200 — 3600
973:– via Google Books.
773:, St. Louis, A. L. Dyke,
657:LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0
2463:Newcomen Memorial Engine
1716:Viscous fan (fan clutch)
1628:Throttle position sensor
1337:Overhead camshaft layout
531:Overhead camshaft engine
361:Materials and durability
238:overhead camshaft engine
2767:Timeline of steam power
2762:Stationary steam engine
2645:Woolf's compound engine
2552:Soho Manufactory engine
2407:Steeple compound engine
2074:straight line mechanism
1255:Core plug (freeze plug)
1076:Thurston, R.H. (1878).
839:. Merriam-webster.com.
810:. Merriam-webster.com.
788:White, John H. (1979).
722:Pneumatic valve springs
63:(also sometimes called
2772:Water-returning engine
2746:Lean's Engine Reporter
2519:Chacewater Mine engine
2392:Six-column beam engine
940:Wahl, Philipp (2013).
622:
586:
577:Usage in steam engines
558:overhead valve engines
240:
172:
147:. The use of the word
2612:London Steam Carriage
893:. Patimg1.uspto.gov.
692:Pennsylvania Railroad
674:Sentinel Waggon Works
616:
584:
459:), the weight of the
433:performance engines.
235:
170:
2558:Bradley Works engine
2382:Reciprocating engine
2205:Babcock & Wilcox
2048:Centrifugal governor
1496:Compression ignition
267:improve this article
2099:Sun and planet gear
1646:Catalytic converter
1047:. 1956. p. 2.
992:. Octane Media, LLC
960:Torpedo Tube Manual
837:at Merriam-Webster"
808:at Merriam-Webster"
662:BR standard class 5
635:Caprotti valve gear
2599:Richard Trevithick
2197:Water-tube boilers
2011:Gresley conjugated
1772:Knocking / pinging
1364:Combustion chamber
1098:Lardner, Dionysius
767:A.L. Dyke (1921),
717:List of auto parts
699:duplex locomotives
623:
587:
473:Desmodromic valves
355:combustion chamber
241:
205:used on pneumatic
173:
125:": it is from the
2780:
2779:
2706:
2705:
2585:
2584:
2269:
2268:
2169:Fire-tube boilers
2024:
2023:
1818:
1817:
1787:Stratified charge
1554:Electrical system
1536:Engine management
1369:Compression ratio
1309:Starter ring gear
1208:rotating assembly
712:Double beat valve
627:steam locomotives
603:double beat valve
343:
342:
335:
317:
16:(Redirected from
2800:
2730:fardier à vapeur
2564:Whitbread Engine
2525:Smethwick Engine
2493:
2432:
2251:Feedwater heater
2119:
1901:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1822:
1661:Exhaust manifold
1526:Spark plug wires
1412:Boost controller
1399:Forced induction
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546:flathead engines
528:
514:
437:Actuation method
338:
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38:
21:
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2702:
2677:
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2631:
2581:
2538:
2482:
2470:Fairbottom Bobs
2455:Newcomen engine
2449:
2421:
2367:Expansion valve
2340:
2326:Watt's separate
2297:
2265:
2239:
2191:
2163:
2108:
2084:Parallel motion
2020:
1971:Stephenson link
1952:
1890:
1859:Operating cycle
1854:
1849:
1819:
1814:
1796:
1792:Top dead centre
1760:
1720:
1675:
1632:
1581:
1555:
1548:
1537:
1530:
1477:
1431:
1393:
1349:Tappet / lifter
1332:Flathead layout
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448:mechanism, but
445:
439:
426:
414:engine knocking
395:manifold vacuum
363:
339:
328:
322:
319:
276:
274:
264:
252:
230:
203:Schrader valves
165:
111:
57:
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50:
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40:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2516:
2508:
2505:Kinneil Engine
2501:
2499:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2477:Elsecar Engine
2474:
2466:
2459:
2457:
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2450:
2448:
2447:
2440:
2438:
2429:
2423:
2422:
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2414:
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2404:
2399:
2397:Steeple engine
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2290:
2285:
2279:
2277:
2271:
2270:
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2263:
2258:
2256:Feedwater pump
2253:
2247:
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2240:
2238:
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2222:
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2165:
2164:
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2161:
2156:
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2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2122:Simple boilers
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2104:Watt's linkage
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2053:Connecting rod
2050:
2045:
2040:
2034:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
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1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
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1703:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1681:Cooling system
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1638:Exhaust system
1634:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1608:Inlet manifold
1605:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1583:
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1503:
1498:
1493:
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1478:
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1475:
1470:
1465:
1463:Fuel injection
1460:
1455:
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1445:
1439:
1437:
1433:
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1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
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1395:
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1328:
1326:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
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1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1230:Connecting rod
1227:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1156:
1148:
1147:
1144:sciencemag.org
1135:
1126:
1117:
1089:
1068:
1033:
1003:
976:
969:
949:
932:
907:
882:
853:
824:
795:
780:
758:
757:
755:
752:
750:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
708:
706:
703:
671:
670:
664:
659:
654:
649:
647:LNER Class D49
644:
642:LNER Class B12
578:
575:
550:L-head engines
530:
523:
522:
521:
516:
509:
508:
507:
506:
505:
503:
500:
488:roller rockers
438:
435:
425:
422:
410:lead additives
362:
359:
347:piston engines
341:
340:
282:"Poppet valve"
255:
253:
246:
229:
226:
164:
161:
127:Middle English
110:
107:
65:mushroom valve
52:
51:
42:
41:
33:
32:
31:
30:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2805:
2794:
2793:Engine valves
2791:
2790:
2788:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
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2732:
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2726:
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2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
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2662:
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2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:Puffing Devil
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2591:High-pressure
2588:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2544:Rotative beam
2541:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2445:
2444:Savery Engine
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2418:
2417:Working fluid
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
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2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
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2300:
2294:
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2236:
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2226:
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2200:
2198:
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2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
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2172:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2157:
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2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2094:Rotative beam
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:hypocycloidal
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
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1884:
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1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:Steam engines
1846:
1841:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
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1723:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:Water cooling
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1671:Oxygen sensor
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
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1635:
1629:
1626:
1624:
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1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:Intake system
1584:
1578:
1577:Starter motor
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1516:Ignition coil
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1448:Petrol engine
1446:
1444:
1443:Diesel engine
1441:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1407:Blowoff valve
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1324:Cylinder head
1320:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1215:Balance shaft
1213:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1109:
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1104:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1050:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1004:
991:
987:
980:
977:
972:
970:9781935327639
966:
962:
961:
953:
950:
945:
944:
936:
933:
928:
924:
920:
919:
911:
908:
896:
892:
886:
883:
872:on 2006-02-21
871:
867:
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697:
693:
688:
686:
681:
679:
675:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
652:LNER Class P2
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
638:
636:
632:
628:
620:
615:
611:
608:
604:
598:
595:
591:
583:
576:
574:
571:
566:
561:
559:
555:
551:
548:(also called
547:
541:
527:
513:
501:
499:
497:
493:
492:valve lifters
489:
485:
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
444:
436:
434:
431:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
398:
396:
391:
387:
383:
378:
376:
375:heat transfer
373:, to improve
372:
368:
360:
358:
356:
353:and into the
352:
351:cylinder head
348:
337:
334:
326:
315:
312:
308:
305:
301:
298:
294:
291:
287:
284: –
283:
279:
278:Find sources:
272:
268:
262:
261:
256:This section
254:
250:
245:
244:
239:
234:
227:
225:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
186:
185:perpendicular
182:
178:
169:
162:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
139:, which is a
138:
135:
134:Middle French
131:
128:
124:
120:
116:
108:
106:
104:
100:
95:
93:
89:
84:
82:
78:
72:
70:
66:
62:
46:
37:
27:Type of valve
19:
2757:Modern steam
2744:
2729:
2691:Porter-Allen
2670:
2604:
2531:
2511:
2468:
2402:Safety valve
2331:"Pickle-pot"
2225:Thimble tube
1937:
1701:Electric fan
1501:Coil-on-plug
1427:Turbocharger
1422:Supercharger
1388:
1294:Main bearing
1284:Firing order
1274:Displacement
1220:Block heater
1204:Engine block
1192:Part of the
1191:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1102:
1092:
1078:
1071:
1063:
1056:. Retrieved
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1015:
1006:
994:. Retrieved
989:
979:
959:
952:
942:
935:
917:
910:
899:. Retrieved
885:
874:. Retrieved
870:the original
864:Puppet valve
863:
856:
845:. Retrieved
834:
827:
816:. Retrieved
805:
798:
789:
783:
769:
762:
747:Safety valve
742:Sleeve valve
737:Rotary valve
732:Relief valve
689:
682:
672:
624:
621:locomotives.
599:
594:beam engines
588:
562:
557:
549:
543:
477:
469:valve bounce
468:
454:
446:
427:
399:
379:
364:
344:
329:
320:
310:
303:
296:
289:
277:
265:Please help
260:verification
257:
211:
197:
193:
189:
180:
176:
174:
157:poppet valve
156:
148:
144:
136:
129:
112:
96:
91:
87:
85:
73:
64:
61:poppet valve
60:
58:
18:Intake valve
2488:Watt engine
2288:Oscillating
2244:Boiler feed
2089:Plate chain
2068:Tusi couple
1981:Walschaerts
1866:Atmospheric
1725:Lubrication
1689:Air cooling
1506:Distributor
1458:Fuel filter
1436:Fuel system
1417:Intercooler
1384:Timing belt
1374:Head gasket
1304:Piston ring
990:Cycle World
918:Valve Gears
540:Multi-valve
465:valve float
450:valve float
153:marionettes
81:valve guide
2697:Ljungström
2683:High-speed
2576:Lap Engine
2532:Resolution
2436:Precursors
2321:Kirchweger
2283:Locomotive
2230:Three-drum
2210:Field-tube
2177:Locomotive
2159:Lancashire
2079:Link chain
2063:Crankshaft
2030:Mechanisms
1958:Valve gear
1777:Power band
1737:Oil filter
1711:Thermostat
1656:EGT sensor
1618:MAF sensor
1613:MAP sensor
1598:Air filter
1562:Alternator
1521:Spark plug
1453:Carburetor
1379:Rocker arm
1319:Valvetrain
1250:Crankshaft
1194:Automobile
1058:October 2,
901:2011-12-06
876:2011-12-06
847:2011-12-06
818:2011-12-06
754:References
727:Reed valve
590:James Watt
538:See also:
496:valve lift
461:valvetrain
441:See also:
402:metallurgy
382:valve seat
323:March 2022
293:newspapers
218:submarines
141:diminutive
77:valve seat
2728:Cugnot's
2671:Salamanca
2372:Hydrolock
2357:Crosshead
2303:Condenser
2139:Egg-ended
1511:Glow plug
1473:Fuel tank
1468:Fuel pump
1235:Crankcase
685:SNCF 240P
406:valve job
386:cast iron
214:torpedoes
119:etymology
113:The word
109:Etymology
2787:Category
2711:See also
2637:Compound
2512:Old Bess
2352:Blowback
2275:Cylinder
2261:Injector
2220:Stirling
2215:Sentinel
2129:Haystack
2043:Cataract
2016:Southern
2006:Caprotti
1881:Compound
1810:Category
1755:Dry sump
1751:Wet sump
1742:Oil pump
1706:Radiator
1623:Throttle
1483:Ignition
1354:Camshaft
1279:Flywheel
1260:Cylinder
1245:Crankpin
1112:Archived
1100:(1840).
1049:Archived
1026:24 April
1020:Archived
927:Archived
895:Archived
841:Archived
812:Archived
775:archived
705:See also
680:system.
678:camshaft
484:pushrods
480:camshaft
443:Camshaft
418:stellite
390:oil seal
137:poupette
2427:History
2336:Surface
2154:Cornish
2114:Boilers
1996:Corliss
1933:Corliss
1916:D slide
1886:Uniflow
1876:Cornish
1782:Redline
1666:Muffler
1567:Battery
1491:Magneto
607:Sickels
307:scholar
181:rocking
177:sliding
117:shares
88:exhaust
67:) is a
2739:(1784)
2733:(1769)
2699:(1908)
2693:(1862)
2674:(1812)
2666:(1805)
2656:Murray
2647:(1803)
2626:(1804)
2620:(1803)
2614:(1803)
2608:(1801)
2578:(1788)
2572:(1786)
2566:(1785)
2560:(1783)
2554:(1782)
2535:(1781)
2527:(1779)
2521:(1778)
2515:(1777)
2507:(1768)
2479:(1795)
2473:(1760)
2465:(1725)
2446:(1698)
2412:Stroke
2377:Piston
2362:Cutoff
2235:Yarrow
2187:Launch
2182:Scotch
1943:Sleeve
1938:Poppet
1923:Piston
1904:Valves
1896:Valves
1805:Portal
1593:Airbox
1572:Dynamo
1299:Piston
1289:Stroke
1268:layout
1196:series
1012:"fsoc"
996:9 July
967:
925:–168.
835:Puppet
806:Poppet
544:Early
430:sodium
371:sodium
367:alloys
309:
302:
295:
288:
280:
199:Presta
163:Design
149:poppet
145:poupée
123:puppet
121:with "
115:poppet
92:intake
2345:Other
2149:Flued
2134:Wagon
2058:Crank
2001:Lentz
1991:Baker
1986:Allan
1911:Slide
1765:Other
1389:Valve
1359:Chest
1110:–91.
1052:(PDF)
1045:(PDF)
631:Lentz
619:4-6-2
314:JSTOR
300:books
216:from
207:tyres
130:popet
69:valve
2497:Beam
2038:Beam
1948:Bash
1928:Drop
1871:Watt
1747:Sump
1264:bank
1225:Bore
1060:2015
1028:2018
1016:fsoc
998:2023
965:ISBN
490:and
286:news
222:tube
201:and
2316:Jet
2144:Box
1976:Joy
1966:Gab
1732:Oil
1321:and
1206:and
1108:189
923:159
694:'s
633:or
467:or
457:RPM
269:by
179:or
143:of
2789::
1753:,
1266:,
1084:98
1062:.
1018:.
1014:.
988:.
963:.
696:T1
486:,
471:.
377:.
59:A
1844:e
1837:t
1830:v
1757:)
1749:(
1270:)
1262:(
1175:e
1168:t
1161:v
1086:.
1030:.
1000:.
904:.
879:.
862:"
850:.
833:"
821:.
804:"
669:.
336:)
330:(
325:)
321:(
311:·
304:·
297:·
290:·
263:.
20:)
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