1878:
The predicative particle "d" is an indispensable tool in speaking Kabyle, "d" is equivalent to both "it is + adjective" and "to be + adjective", but cannot be replaced by the verb "ili" (to be). It is always followed by a noun (free state).
3015:
Dallet, Jean-Marie. 1982. Dictionnaire kabyle–français, parler des At
Mangellet, Algérie. Études etholinguistiques Maghreb–Sahara 1, ser. eds. Salem Chaker, and Marceau Gast. Paris: Société d’études linguistiques et anthropologiques de
736:
alone is rarely used in Kabyle, instead often appearing with an accompanying particle. The preterite also has an accompanying negative paradigm which may or may not differ from that of the non-negative preterite depending on the verb.
1902:
The predicative particle "d" should not be confused with the particle of coordination "d"; indeed, the latter is followed by a noun at its annexed state while the first is always followed by a noun at its free state.
1714:. In English it could be translated into verb+er. It is obtained by prefixing the verb with « am- » or with « an- » if the first letter is b / f / m / w (there are exceptions however).
3108:
1300:
The participles in Kabyle are used as a means of expressing relative phrases in which the preceding noun is the participle's subject. In the following proverb,
392:
The second involves the loss of the initial vowel in the case of some feminine nouns (the sound represented by the letter 'e' is not considered a true vowel):
850:
in Kabyle is done by adding affixes (prefixes, suffixes or both). These affixes are static and identical for all finite stems, with only the theme changing.
3156:
741:"Weak verbs" have a preterite form that is the same as their aorist. Examples of weak verbs that follow are conjugated at the first person of the singular:
343:), while the other serves as a post-verbal subject of a transitive verb and the object of a preposition, among other contexts, and may be glossed as
3084:
3035:
579:
When the direct object is indicated on the verb by a direct object affix, the direct object's identity may be restated in the annexed state.
4275:
3010:
4359:
2323:
Complex example (Mixing indirect and direct object) : « Yefka-yas-t. » — "He gave it to him." (He.gave-to.him-it)
4088:
3887:
3185:
3149:
2588:
Some prepositions have two forms : one is used with pronominal suffixes and the other form is used in all other contexts.
4321:
3210:
932:"to be/become big or old") use a different set of person-number endings in their preterites, which contains only suffixes.
4432:
4422:
3200:
3180:
1758:
There are 6 regular stems of forming action nouns, and the 7th is for quality verbs : (C for consonant, V for vowel)
529:
When located after a verb, the direct object of the verb takes the free state, while the subject is in the annexed state.
3195:
2998:
Achab, R. : 1998 – Langue berbère. Introduction à la notation usuelle en caractères latins, Paris, Editions Hoggar.
2539:
2391:
Isolated : Used when we omit the subject we are speaking about : «Wagi yelha» — "This is nice." (This-is.nice)
88:(there are some exceptions, however). Note that most feminine nouns are in fact feminized versions of masculine nouns.
3517:
3371:
688:
After a preposition (at the exception of "ar" and "s"), all nouns take their annexed state. Hence the free-state noun
713:
4382:
4025:
3215:
3142:
3112:
3934:
4427:
4257:
4063:
3897:
3376:
1444:
Each Kabyle verb has five participles, all formed by attaching various affixes onto a corresponding finite stem.
3909:
3076:
Corpus-based studies of lesser-described languages : the CorpAfroAs corpus of spoken AfroAsiatic languages
1752:
ffer "to hide" → tuffra "hiding" (stem VI), « Tuffra n tidett ur telhi » — "Hiding the truth is bad".
4098:
3434:
3429:
3361:
3232:
3220:
3205:
2975:
847:
4178:
4045:
3660:
3537:
3411:
3079:. Amina Mettouchi, Martine Vanhove, Dominique Caubet. Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 2015. pp. 237–238.
57:
4121:
4393:
4244:
3892:
3874:
3688:
2995:
Achab, R. : 1996 – La néologie lexicale berbère (1945–1995), Paris/Louvain, Editions
Peeters, 1996.
2596:
4224:
3757:
3683:
3602:
3311:
3296:
3043:
Naït-Zerrad, K. : 1994 – Manuel de conjugaison kabyle (le verbe en berbère), L’Harmattan, Paris.
1552:
4377:
4372:
3979:
3821:
3693:
3269:
721:
363:. The construct state of the noun derives from the free state through one of the following rules:
4168:
4111:
3954:
3859:
3625:
3552:
3512:
3497:
3479:
3441:
3291:
3241:
3169:
3102:
1029:
61:
4035:
3056:
Tizi-Wwuccen. Méthode audio-visuelle de langue berbère (kabyle), Aix-en-Provence, Edisud, 1986.
4367:
4331:
4283:
4058:
4030:
4012:
3992:
3849:
3732:
3678:
3567:
3557:
3502:
3401:
3349:
3301:
3286:
3249:
3090:
3080:
3046:
Naït-Zerrad, K. : 1995 – Grammaire du berbère contemporain, I – Morphologie, ENAG, Alger.
3031:
3006:
2825:
2815:
1515:
orients toward the interlocutor or toward a certain place, and could be translated as "there".
717:
635:
490:
Depending on the role of the noun in the sentence, it takes either its free or annexed state.
3134:
4344:
4191:
4129:
4073:
4068:
4020:
3924:
3919:
3844:
3767:
3747:
3722:
3714:
3655:
3630:
3620:
3615:
3532:
3489:
3466:
3456:
3446:
3388:
3326:
2654:
2592:
1598:
Verb derivation is done by adding affixes. There are three types of derivation forms :
729:
328:
65:
2577: » "from the town". All words preceded by a preposition (at the exception of «
4339:
4293:
4216:
4206:
4196:
4186:
4078:
4053:
3987:
3964:
3959:
3829:
3795:
3790:
3780:
3775:
3737:
3727:
3700:
3650:
3635:
3610:
3585:
3575:
3547:
3542:
3527:
3474:
3451:
3416:
3396:
3339:
3316:
3306:
3276:
3264:
23:
2340:
Suffix: Used with a noun, example : « Axxam-agi» — "This house." (House-this).
1558:
attached to the verb, and one or more negative words that modify the verb or one of its
173:
External or "Regular": consists in changing the initial vowel of the noun, and adding a
4401:
4349:
4298:
4234:
4229:
4163:
4158:
4002:
3914:
3882:
3839:
3834:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3785:
3752:
3640:
3580:
3522:
3507:
3406:
3334:
3281:
3254:
1603:
4416:
4313:
4303:
4288:
4264:
4201:
4139:
4106:
3997:
3947:
3942:
3864:
3590:
3421:
3366:
3344:
3259:
1607:
725:
166:
4083:
3969:
3742:
3645:
3356:
2566:
1699:
enz "to be sold" → zzenz "to sell" → ttuzenz "to be sold" (ttuzenz = enz !!).
1499:
732:
mood). Unlike other Berber languages, where it is used to express the present, the
3040:
Mammeri, M. : 1976 – Tajerrumt n tmaziɣt (tantala taqbaylit), Maspero, Paris.
1429:
man.ABS NEG NEG.PTCP-work.IPFV, give.IMP-3SG.M.IO distaff.ABS PTCL 3SG.M-spin.AOR
4134:
3854:
2698:
2688:
1743:
1660:: is obtained by prefixing the verb with ttu- / ttwa- / tt- / mm(e)- / n- / nn-:
35:
1687:
enɣ "to kill" → mmenɣ "to kill each other" → smenɣ "to make to kill each other"
1711:
3094:
4150:
2320:
Example : « Yenna-yas. » — "He said to him." (He.said-to.him)
1599:
1502:
based language, Kabyle verbs use two particles to show the path of motion:
3074:
2520:
1559:
1405:
1366:
657:
599:
587:
537:
498:
4252:
3165:
3002:
2180:
Example : « Yuɣ-it. » — "He bought it." (He.bought-it)
2500:
2333:
1350:
733:
257:
Mixed: combines a change of vowels (within the word) with the suffix
174:
31:
2086:
Example : « Axxam-nneɣ. » — "Our house." (House-our)
1586:
Other negative words (acemma ... etc.) are used in combination with
1342:
1329:
661:
595:
541:
502:
1409:
1370:
716:, three of them conventionally labelled the preterite (expressing
603:
591:
42:
CS:construct state FS:free state ANN:annexed state ABS:free state
1374:
1362:
634:
When a noun is moved in front of the verb to establish it as the
607:
157:, and do not have a suffix. Plural nouns generally start with an
332:
27:
22:
is the set of structural rules and regulations included in the
3138:
618:
552:
228:
Internal: involves only a change in the vowels within the word:
68:, masculine nouns and adjectives generally start with a vowel (
1509:
orients toward the speaker, and could be translated as "here".
327:
As in all Berber languages, Kabyle has two types of states or
1680:: obtained by combining two or more of the previous prefixes:
1617:: obtained by prefixing the verb with s- / sse- / ssu- :
1562:. For example, simple verbal negation is expressed by «
3001:
F. Amazit-Hamidchi & M. Lounaci : Kabyle de poche,
1385:
1346:
1317:
672:
647:
563:
513:
2499:
Only the first two numbers are Berber; for higher numbers,
3028:
Grammaire moderne du kabyle, tajerrumt tatrart n teqbaylit
2336:('this, these'), far-deictic ('that, those') and absence:
1627:
kcem "to enter" → ssekcem "to make to enter, to introduce"
1395:
366:
The first involves a vowel alternation, whereby the vowel
1746:, which in English it could be translated into verb+ing:
1640:: obtained by prefixing the verb with m- / my(e)- / myu-:
1551:
Kabyle usually expresses negation in two parts, with the
2585: », "towards", "until" ) take their annexed state.
1413:
1008:
As an example, the full finite conjugation of the verb
2591:
Also some of these prepositions have a corresponding
1997:
Example : « Ula d nekk. » — "Me too."
3129:
1440:
A man who doesn't work? Give him a distaff to spin!)
1032:
of a verb is the second-person singular imperative.
4391:
4358:
4330:
4312:
4273:
4243:
4215:
4177:
4148:
4120:
4097:
4044:
4011:
3978:
3933:
3873:
3819:
3766:
3713:
3671:
3601:
3566:
3488:
3465:
3387:
3325:
3240:
3231:
165:. There are three types of plural : External,
3023:. Paris: Edition Association de Culture Berbère.
2519:) "two". The noun being counted follows it in the
704:"of" triggering the construct state's appearance.
475:Finally, some nouns do not change for free state:
430:The third involves the addition of a semi-vowel (
80:), while the feminine nouns generally start with
1566: » before the verb and the particle «
1012:"to fly" exhibiting its four themes (preterite
936:Kabyle stative preterite person-number affixes
1650:áąáąef "to hold" → myuáąáąaf "to hold each other".
1624:ffeɣ "to go out" → ssuffeɣ "to make to go out"
926:A group of stative/resultative verbs (such as
724:) and aorist (essentially functioning like an
3150:
3051:Un parler berbere d'Algerie (Kabyle): syntax
8:
1667:krez "to plough" → ttwakrez "to be ploughed"
927:
2715:iÉŁer / ÉŁer way / (s)aniÉŁer / (s)awier / ÉŁer
1898:Idir yella d anelmad, "Idir was a student".
1590:to express more complex types of negation.
1574:« Urareɣ » ("I played") → «
1437:
712:Kabyle verbs inflect for four paradigms of
700:, (a glass of water), with the preposition
3237:
3157:
3143:
3135:
3107:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
335:: one is unmarked (and can be glossed as
2783:ideg / deg way / deg waydeg / anda / deg
2637:
2394:
2343:
2187:
2098:
2004:
1915:
1760:
1446:
1034:
1028:) is given below. For Kabyle verbs, the
934:
852:
809:
744:
3066:
1647:ẓer "to see" → mẓer "to see each other"
1630:irid "to be washed" → ssired "to wash".
153:Singular nouns generally start with an
3100:
3053:. Provence: Université de Provence.
1728:inig "to travel" → iminig "traveller"
7:
3021:Manuel de grammaire berbère (kabyle)
2530:"First" and "last" are respectively
1895:Idir d anelmad, "Idir is a student".
1693:Two prefixes can cancel each other:
1538:aman» (bring the water), « awi-
806:"Strong verbs" or "irregular verbs":
64:, masculine and feminine. Like most
1670:ečč "to eat" → mmečč "to be eaten".
1542:aman » (carry away the water).
1182:
1141:
1731:eks "to graze" → ameksa "shepherd"
14:
1725:áąáąef "to hold" → anaáąáąaf "holder"
484:tuccent → tuccent "female jackal"
2766:iÉŁef / ÉŁef way / ÉŁef wadeg / ÉŁef
2573: » "to the people", «
2332:There are three demonstratives,
720:), intensive aorist (expressing
638:, it remains in its free state.
161:and often have a suffix such as
1742:Every verb has a corresponding
1710:Every verb has a corresponding
1527: » (he came), « iruḥ-
627:3SG.M-hit.PFV-3SG.M.ACC dog.ANN
2821:s ways / s wacu / s / iss / is
2694:iwumi / iwimi / imi / umi / mi
2670:'and, with, in the company of'
2569:precede their objects: «
16:Grammar of the Kabyle language
1:
2620:wemcic » "she gave meat
2538:(regular adjectives). Other
1036:Finite conjugation of Kabyle
854:Kabyle person-number affixes
355:. The former is often called
2814:'with, by means of, using' (
2628:tefka aksum » "The cat
2130:ÉŁ / (y)aÉŁ / tnaÉŁ / (y)anteÉŁ
1456:Intensive Aorist Participle
1304:"who doesn't work" modifies
3030:. Editions KARTHALA, 2001.
2542:are formed with the prefix
681:boy.ABS 3SG-hit.PFV dog.ABS
572:3SG-hit.PFV boy.ANN dog.ABS
481:taddart → taddart "village"
4449:
2609: » "for/to" → «
2119:ÉŁ / (y)aÉŁ / naÉŁ / (y)anaÉŁ
1892:Nekk d argaz, "I'm a man".
1864:zdi "to be united" → azday
1582: » ("I did not play")
1426:, efk-as taṛuka ad yellem!
3176:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2196:
2193:
2190:
1977:netta / nettan / nettani
1886:D taqcict, "it's a girl".
1455:
1452:
1449:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
383:ameqqran → umeqqran "big"
2624:the cat" → « Amcic
2478:tidak-ihin / tigad-ihin
2476:tidak-inna / tigad-inna
2447:widak-ihin / wigad-ihin
2445:widak-inna / wigad-inna
1874:Predicative particle "d"
1570: » after the verb:
386:adrar → udrar "mountain"
380:amaziɣ → umaziɣ "Berber"
3888:Central Atlas Tamazight
2763:'on; because of; about'
2659:Translation equivalent
2650:Translation equivalent
1401:
1391:
1380:
1357:
1335:
1323:
1312:
1024:, and intensive aorist
928:
692:(water), annexed state
667:
653:
642:
613:
583:
558:
547:
533:
508:
494:
3130:Kabyle verb conjugator
3049:Salem Chaker. 1983.
3019:Hamid Hamouma. n.d.
1867:ini "to say" → timenna
1861:ɣeẓẓ "to bite" → aɣẓaẓ
424:murt → tmurt "country"
323:Free and annexed state
60:, Kabyle has only two
3111:) CS1 maint: others (
2800:iseg / seg way / ansi
1450:Preterite Participle
1063:Intensive Imperative
1016:, negative preterite
58:Afro-Asiatic language
4433:Languages of Algeria
4423:Afroasiatic grammars
3026:Kamal Nait-Zerrad.
2639:Kabyle prepositions
2378:(y)ihin / (y)ihinna
2090:Pronouns of the verb
1969:kunnemti / kennemti
1436:is not a real man. (
47:Nouns and adjectives
3518:Old Church Slavonic
2982:"when he arrived",
2811:iss- / yiss- / yis-
2640:
2616:« Tefka aksum
2581: » and «
2558:"third (f.)", etc.
2468:ti / tigi / tigini
2465:ta / tagi / tagini
2001:Possessive pronouns
1051:Negative Preterite
1041:
937:
855:
776:Muqel (to observe)
722:imperfective aspect
569:Yewwet weqcic aydi.
522:3SG-hit.PFV boy.ABS
4383:Lingua Franca Nova
4026:Classical Japanese
2986:"see if he came".
2978:precede the verb:
2638:
2503:is used. They are
2486:tidak / tidak-nni
2455:widak / widak-nni
1991:nutenti / nitenti
1889:D nekk, "it's me".
1531: » (he went).
1453:Aorist Participle
1035:
935:
853:
684:The boy hit a dog.
678:Aqcic yewwet aydi.
575:The boy hit a dog.
438:) word-initially:
4410:
4409:
4064:Classical Chinese
3709:
3708:
3170:world's languages
3086:978-90-272-6889-1
3036:978-2-84586-172-5
2968:
2967:
2735:'to' (direction)
2718:'to' (direction)
2613: » "to whom"
2492:
2491:
2437:wi/ wigi/ wigini
2434:wa/ wagi/ wagini
2388:
2387:
2317:
2316:
2178:
2177:
2084:
2083:
1995:
1994:
1912:Personal pronouns
1851:
1850:
1491:
1490:
1298:
1297:
1057:Intensive Aorist
1006:
1005:
924:
923:
840:
839:
822:Intensive aorist
803:
802:
790:Krez (to plough)
757:Intensive aorist
718:perfective aspect
714:tense–aspect–mood
38:, and sentences.
4440:
4428:Berber languages
4079:Mandarin Chinese
3910:Levantine Arabic
3238:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3136:
3117:
3116:
3106:
3098:
3071:
2890:'beneath, under'
2729:'to' (direction)
2712:'to' (direction)
2655:Relative pronoun
2641:
2593:relative pronoun
2474:tihid / tihidak
2471:tihin / tihinna
2443:wihid / wihidak
2440:wihin / wihinna
2395:
2344:
2188:
2099:
2005:
1916:
1761:
1500:satellite-framed
1447:
1439:
1434:who doesn't work
1415:
1411:
1407:
1397:
1387:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1331:
1319:
1042:
938:
931:
856:
810:
745:
674:
663:
659:
649:
624:Yewwet-it weydi.
620:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
565:
554:
543:
539:
515:
504:
500:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
66:Berber languages
4448:
4447:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4387:
4354:
4326:
4308:
4276:Native American
4269:
4239:
4211:
4173:
4144:
4116:
4093:
4040:
4007:
3974:
3929:
3869:
3815:
3762:
3705:
3667:
3597:
3562:
3484:
3461:
3383:
3362:Scottish Gaelic
3321:
3227:
3172:
3163:
3126:
3121:
3120:
3099:
3087:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3063:
2992:
2984:muqel ma yusa-d
2973:
2564:
2554:"second (m.)",
2497:
2487:
2485:
2477:
2475:
2456:
2454:
2446:
2444:
2330:
2184:Indirect object
2092:
2003:
1966:kemm / kemmini
1955:keÄŤÄŤ / keÄŤÄŤini
1944:nekk / nekkini
1933:nekk / nekkini
1914:
1909:
1876:
1740:
1708:
1596:
1594:Verb derivation
1549:
1496:
1442:
1417:
1399:
1389:
1378:
1355:
1333:
1321:
845:
827:Aru (to write)
710:
686:
676:
665:
651:
632:
622:
611:
577:
567:
556:
545:
527:
517:
506:
361:construct state
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
325:
246:c "a cat" → imc
190:"an old man" →
151:
124:"an old woman".
84:and end with a
54:
49:
44:
26:, ranging from
24:Kabyle language
17:
12:
11:
5:
4446:
4444:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4415:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4398:
4396:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4364:
4362:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4336:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4318:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4249:
4247:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4183:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4103:
4101:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4050:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4017:
4015:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3939:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3890:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3826:
3824:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3681:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3578:
3572:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3538:Serbo-Croatian
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3494:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3412:Istro-Romanian
3409:
3404:
3399:
3393:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3246:
3244:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3125:
3124:External links
3122:
3119:
3118:
3085:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3024:
3017:
3013:
2999:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2819:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2692:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2673:(w)ukud / wi d
2671:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2653:Corresponding
2651:
2648:
2647:With suffixes
2645:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2632:she gave meat"
2614:
2563:
2560:
2525:sin n yirgazen
2496:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2484:tid / tid-nni
2482:
2479:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2453:wid / wid-nni
2451:
2448:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2372:(y)a / (y)agi
2369:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2329:
2328:Demonstratives
2326:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2002:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1980:nutni / nitni
1978:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1958:kunwi / kenwi
1956:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1595:
1592:
1584:
1583:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1532:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1400:
1390:
1379:
1356:
1334:
1322:
1311:
1310:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1004:
1003:
1000:
997:
993:
992:
989:
986:
982:
981:
978:
975:
971:
970:
967:
964:
960:
959:
956:
953:
949:
948:
945:
942:
922:
921:
918:
915:
911:
910:
907:
904:
900:
899:
896:
893:
889:
888:
885:
882:
878:
877:
874:
871:
867:
866:
863:
860:
844:
841:
838:
837:
834:
831:
828:
824:
823:
820:
817:
814:
808:
807:
801:
800:
797:
794:
791:
787:
786:
783:
780:
777:
773:
772:
769:
766:
763:
762:If (to outdo)
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
743:
742:
709:
706:
666:
652:
641:
640:
636:sentence topic
612:
582:
581:
557:
546:
532:
531:
507:
493:
492:
488:
487:
486:
485:
482:
473:
472:
471:
470:
469:uccen "jackal"
463:
456:
449:
428:
427:
426:
425:
418:
407:
390:
389:
388:
387:
384:
381:
324:
321:
320:
319:
318:
317:
303:
288:
277:
272:"sky" → igenwa
263:
262:
254:
253:
252:
251:
240:
239:rar "mountain"
230:
229:
225:
224:
223:
222:
215:
201:
179:
178:
150:
147:
146:
145:
135:
125:
114:"an old man",
109:
53:
50:
48:
45:
40:
20:Kabyle grammar
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4445:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4272:
4266:
4263:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4147:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4099:Austroasiatic
4096:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4043:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3823:
3818:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:Indo-European
3230:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:Orthographies
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3160:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3070:
3067:
3060:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:2-7005-0324-4
3008:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2941:'in front of'
2940:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2884:ddaw / seddaw
2883:
2882:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2867:nnig / sennig
2866:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2824:'with what' (
2823:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2803:'from where'
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2749:(w)uÉŁur / ÉŁur
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:interrogative
2594:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2494:
2483:
2480:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2452:
2449:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2400:Near-deictic
2396:
2390:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2347:Near-deictic
2345:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2095:Direct object
2094:
2093:
2089:
2087:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1705:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1678:Complex forms
1676:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1493:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1377:
1359:
1354:
1340:
1338:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1030:citation form
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1001:
998:
995:
994:
990:
987:
984:
983:
979:
976:
973:
972:
968:
965:
962:
961:
957:
954:
951:
950:
946:
943:
940:
939:
933:
930:
919:
916:
913:
912:
908:
905:
902:
901:
898:t(e) — (e)mt
897:
894:
891:
890:
886:
883:
880:
879:
875:
872:
869:
868:
864:
861:
858:
857:
851:
849:
842:
835:
832:
829:
826:
825:
821:
818:
815:
812:
811:
805:
804:
798:
795:
792:
789:
788:
784:
781:
778:
775:
774:
770:
767:
764:
761:
760:
756:
753:
750:
747:
746:
740:
739:
738:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
707:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
685:
682:
679:
675:
669:
664:
655:
650:
644:
639:
637:
631:
630:He hit a dog.
628:
625:
621:
615:
610:
585:
580:
576:
573:
570:
566:
560:
555:
549:
544:
535:
530:
526:
525:He hit a boy.
523:
520:
519:Yewwet aqcic.
516:
510:
505:
496:
491:
483:
480:
479:
478:
477:
476:
468:
464:
462:iles "tongue"
461:
457:
454:
450:
447:
443:
442:
441:
440:
439:
437:
433:
423:
419:
416:
412:
408:
406:mÉŁart "women"
405:
401:
397:
396:
395:
394:
393:
385:
382:
379:
378:
377:
376:
375:
373:
369:
364:
362:
359:, the latter
358:
334:
330:
322:
315:
311:
307:
304:
301:
297:
293:
289:
286:
282:
278:
275:
271:
267:
266:
265:
264:
260:
256:
255:
249:
245:
241:
238:
234:
233:
232:
231:
227:
226:
220:
216:
213:
209:
205:
202:
199:
198:
194:
189:
187:
183:
182:
181:
180:
176:
172:
171:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
149:Pluralization
148:
143:
139:
136:
133:
129:
126:
123:
122:
118:
113:
110:
107:
106:
102:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
46:
43:
39:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
4225:Massachusett
4179:Austronesian
4046:Sino-Tibetan
3904:
3312:West Frisian
3211:Prepositions
3190:
3075:
3069:
3050:
3027:
3020:
2990:Bibliography
2983:
2979:
2976:Conjunctions
2974:
2971:Conjunctions
2826:instrumental
2816:instrumental
2791:seg / si / g
2774:deg / g / di
2757:ÉŁef / af / f
2701:) / 'whose'
2676:'with whom'
2644:Preposition
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2610:
2606:
2599:), example:
2590:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2567:Prepositions
2565:
2562:Prepositions
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2495:Numerotation
2481:tin / tinna
2450:win / winna
2403:Far-deictic
2350:Far-deictic
2334:near-deictic
2331:
2179:
2085:
2077:(i)s / ines
2066:(i)s / ines
2055:(i)m / inem
2044:(i)k / inek
1996:
1901:
1881:
1877:
1814:a(C)CaC(C)i
1792:aC(C)VC(C)V
1770:Action noun
1757:
1741:
1709:
1692:
1677:
1657:
1637:
1614:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1563:
1555:
1550:
1539:
1535:
1528:
1524:
1523:« iruḥ-
1518:
1512:
1506:
1498:Kabyle is a
1497:
1494:Verb framing
1487:ur nettafeg
1443:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1404:
1394:
1383:
1360:
1341:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1315:
1305:
1301:
1299:
1037:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1007:
925:
895:t(e) — (e)ḍ
887:t(e) — (e)m
884:t(e) — (e)ḍ
846:
819:ad + aorist
754:ad + aorist
711:
701:
697:
693:
689:
687:
683:
680:
677:
670:
656:
645:
633:
629:
626:
623:
616:
586:
578:
574:
571:
568:
561:
550:
536:
528:
524:
521:
518:
511:
497:
489:
474:
466:
459:
452:
448:asif "river"
445:
435:
431:
429:
421:
417:mdint "town"
414:
410:
403:
399:
391:
371:
367:
365:
360:
356:
326:
313:
309:
305:
299:
295:
291:
284:
280:
273:
269:
258:
247:
243:
236:
218:
211:
207:
203:
196:
192:
191:
185:
184:
162:
158:
154:
152:
141:
137:
131:
127:
120:
116:
115:
111:
104:
100:
99:
95:
90:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
55:
41:
19:
18:
4394:constructed
4378:Interlingue
4373:Interlingua
4245:Uto-Aztecan
3935:Niger–Congo
3875:Afroasiatic
3201:Determiners
3181:Phonologies
2935:zdat / zzat
2873:'on top of'
2697:'to whom' (
2687:'for, to' (
2667:yid- / did-
2527:"two men".
2211:Short form
2205:Short form
2033:(i)w / inu
2022:(i)w / inu
1744:action noun
1738:Action noun
1534:« awi-
1481:ara yafgen
1274:ur ufigent
1208:tettafgemt
1060:Imperative
848:Conjugation
843:Conjugation
730:subjunctive
698:kas n waman
696:, can form
144:"mosquito".
91:Examples:
36:punctuation
4417:Categories
4151:East Asian
4112:Vietnamese
3898:Historical
3860:Mingrelian
3626:Hindustani
3603:Indo-Aryan
3553:Slovincian
3513:Macedonian
3498:Belarusian
3480:Lithuanian
3442:Portuguese
3372:colloquial
3196:Adjectives
3061:References
3005:, France,
2980:mi yiwweḍ
2958:'like, as'
2769:'on what'
2575:si temdint
2488:tigad-nni
2457:wigad-nni
2431:masculine
2242:ÉŁ / (y)aÉŁ
2225:ÉŁ / (y)aÉŁ
2208:Long form
2202:Long form
1882:Examples:
1847:teC1C2eC3
1811:(C)CaC(C)
1803:aC(C)eCCi
1789:C(C)VC(C)
1712:agent noun
1706:Agent noun
1519:Examples:
1302:ur nxeddem
1280:ad afgent
1205:tettafgeḍ
1167:tettafgem
1164:tettafgeḍ
1048:Preterite
816:Preterite
796:ad kerzeÉŁ
785:ttmuquleÉŁ
782:ad muqleÉŁ
751:Preterite
455:aḍu "wind"
357:free state
235:adrar → id
200:"old men".
134:"a woman".
4368:Esperanto
4360:auxiliary
4258:Classical
4169:Mongolian
4059:Cantonese
3993:Malayalam
3980:Dravidian
3850:Kabardian
3758:Meänkieli
3733:Hungarian
3558:Ukrainian
3503:Bulgarian
3402:Dalmatian
3302:Ripuarian
3297:Old Norse
3292:Norwegian
3287:Icelandic
3250:Afrikaans
3103:cite book
3095:897946694
2839:'between'
2556:tis tlata
2511:) "one",
2462:feminine
2375:(y)agini
2310:(y)asent
2276:(y)akent
2194:Singular
2105:Singular
2011:Singular
1947:nekkenti
1922:Singular
1854:Examples:
1844:iC1C2VC3
1718:Examples:
1638:Reflexive
1615:Causative
1604:reflexive
1600:Causative
1560:arguments
1484:yettafeg
1478:ur nufig
1470:Negative
1464:Negative
1286:ttafgent
1283:tettafeg
1277:ad tafeg
1271:ur tufig
1246:yettafeg
1220:ttafgemt
1196:tufigemt
1130:nettafeg
1040:"to fly"
1020:, aorist
944:Singular
906:i/y(e) —
862:Singular
584:Yewwet-it
413:mdint → t
402:mɣart → t
217:ul → ulaw
169:, Mixed:
140:"a fly",
130:"a man",
108:"a girl".
98:"a boy",
4332:artistic
4322:American
4284:Cherokee
4192:Hawaiian
4130:Has Hlai
4074:Kokborok
4069:Dzongkha
4031:Okinawan
4021:Japanese
3925:Ugaritic
3920:Tigrinya
3845:Georgian
3822:European
3748:Livonian
3723:Estonian
3679:Albanian
3656:Sanskrit
3631:Maithili
3621:Gujarati
3616:Bhojpuri
3533:Silesian
3457:Venetian
3447:Romanian
3426:Lombard
3377:literary
3242:Germanic
3216:Pronouns
3191:Grammars
3166:Grammars
2924:'behind'
2786:'where'
2752:'among'
2706:ÉŁer / ar
2571:i medden
2540:ordinals
2536:aneggaru
2532:amezwaru
2521:genitive
2423:Singular
2417:Singular
2411:Singular
2406:Absence
2381:(y)inna
2364:Singular
2358:Singular
2353:Absence
2301:3rd (f)
2293:(y)asen
2284:3rd (m)
2267:2nd (f)
2259:(y)awen
2250:2nd (m)
2233:1st (f)
2216:1st (m)
2174:(i)tent
2168:3rd (f)
2157:3rd (m)
2152:(i)kent
2146:2nd (f)
2135:2nd (m)
2124:1st (f)
2113:1st (m)
2074:3rd (f)
2063:3rd (m)
2052:2nd (f)
2041:2nd (m)
2030:1st (f)
2019:1st (m)
1985:3rd (f)
1974:3rd (m)
1963:2nd (f)
1952:2nd (m)
1941:1st (f)
1930:1st (m)
1907:Pronouns
1822:C1C2eC3
1800:C(C)eCC
1553:particle
1547:Negation
1467:Positive
1461:Positive
1384:distaff.
1262:3rd (f)
1249:ttafgen
1225:3rd (m)
1202:tefgemt
1193:tufigeḍ
1190:tufgemt
1184:2nd (f)
1179:ttafget
1155:tufigem
1152:tufigeḍ
1143:2nd (m)
1127:ttafgeÉŁ
1098:Singular
1092:Singular
1086:Singular
1080:Singular
1074:Singular
1068:Singular
996:3rd (f)
985:3rd (m)
974:2nd (f)
963:2nd (m)
920:— (e)nt
914:3rd (f)
903:3rd (m)
892:2nd (f)
881:2nd (m)
833:ad aruÉŁ
799:kerrzeÉŁ
768:ad ifeÉŁ
726:irrealis
465:uccen →
374: :
276:"skies".
250:c "cats"
221:"hearts"
167:Internal
132:tameáąáąut
4340:Klingon
4294:Miskito
4253:Nahuatl
4207:Tagalog
4197:Ilocano
4187:Cebuano
4122:Kra–Dai
4089:Tibetan
4054:Burmese
4036:HachijĹŤ
4013:Japonic
3988:Kannada
3965:Swahili
3796:Turkmen
3791:Turkish
3738:Ingrian
3728:Finnish
3701:Hittite
3689:Ancient
3651:Punjabi
3636:Marathi
3611:Bengali
3586:Persian
3576:Kurdish
3568:Iranian
3548:Slovene
3528:Russian
3475:Latvian
3452:Spanish
3435:Western
3430:Eastern
3417:Italian
3397:Catalan
3340:Cornish
3317:Yiddish
3307:Swedish
3277:Faroese
3265:English
3168:of the
3016:France.
3003:Assimil
2907:'until'
2746:'among'
2630:to whom
2605:«
2552:wis sin
2426:Plural
2420:Plural
2414:Plural
2367:Plural
2361:Plural
2197:Plural
2191:Person
2163:(i)ten
2149:(i)kem
2141:(i)ken
2108:Plural
2102:Person
2014:Plural
2008:Person
1988:nettat
1925:Plural
1919:Person
1836:tuCCCa
1658:Passive
1608:Passive
1578:urareÉŁ
1475:yufgen
1424:nxeddem
1402:yellem!
1337:nxeddem
1308:"man".
1268:ufgent
1237:ufigen
1217:ttafeg
1214:afgemt
1199:tafgeḍ
1187:tufgeḍ
1176:ttafeg
1161:tefgem
1158:tafgeḍ
1149:tufgem
1146:tufgeḍ
1115:ufigeÉŁ
1101:Plural
1095:Plural
1089:Plural
1083:Plural
1077:Plural
1071:Plural
1054:Aorist
1045:Person
999:— (e)t
977:— (e)ḍ
966:— (e)ḍ
955:— (e)ɣ
947:Plural
941:Person
917:t(e) —
909:— (e)n
876:n(e) —
873:— (e)ɣ
865:Plural
859:Person
836:ttaruÉŁ
793:kerzeÉŁ
779:muqleÉŁ
771:ttifeÉŁ
458:iles →
444:asif →
370:become
331:of the
316:"hands"
206:rgaz →
62:genders
32:phrases
4402:Lojban
4392:Other
4350:Quenya
4299:Navajo
4274:Other
4235:Ojibwe
4230:Munsee
4164:Korean
4159:Evenki
4149:Other
4003:Telugu
3955:Herero
3915:Somali
3905:Kabyle
3893:Hebrew
3883:Arabic
3840:Basque
3835:Adyghe
3830:Abkhaz
3820:Other
3801:Uyghur
3781:Kyrgyz
3776:Kazakh
3768:Turkic
3753:Udmurt
3715:Uralic
3641:Nepali
3581:Pashto
3543:Slovak
3523:Polish
3490:Slavic
3467:Baltic
3407:French
3389:Italic
3335:Breton
3327:Celtic
3282:German
3255:Danish
3093:
3083:
3034:
3009:
2918:deffir
2797:'from'
2699:dative
2689:dative
2501:Arabic
2304:(y)as
2287:(y)as
2270:(y)am
2253:(y)ak
2236:(i)yi
2219:(i)yi
2171:(i)tt
2127:(i)yi
2116:(i)yi
2080:nsent
2058:nkent
2036:nnteÉŁ
1936:nekni
1825:aCCaC
1432:A man
1419:Argaz
1412:-spin.
1381:taṛuka
1358:efk-as
1349:-work.
1265:tufeg
1243:afgen
1240:yafeg
1234:yufig
1231:ufgen
1228:yufeg
1173:afget
1124:nafeg
1121:afgeÉŁ
1118:nufig
1112:nufeg
1109:ufgeÉŁ
1026:ttafeg
734:aorist
654:yewwet
614:weydi.
548:weqcic
534:Yewwet
509:aqcic.
495:Yewwet
451:aḍu →
308:fus →
302:"root"
294:r → iẓ
175:suffix
56:As an
52:Gender
4345:NaĘĽvi
4304:Otomi
4289:Inuit
4265:Nawat
4217:Algic
4202:Malay
4107:Khmer
3998:Tamil
3960:Sotho
3948:Pular
3865:Ubykh
3811:Yakut
3806:Uzbek
3786:Tatar
3694:Koine
3684:Greek
3672:Other
3661:Vedic
3591:Tajik
3508:Czech
3422:Latin
3367:Welsh
3345:Irish
3260:Dutch
3221:Verbs
3206:Nouns
2760:fell-
2626:iwumi
2611:iwumi
2509:yiwet
2505:yiwen
2313:sent
2279:kent
2160:(i)t
2138:(i)k
2069:nsen
2047:nwen
2025:nneÉŁ
1833:CCeC
1781:aCVC
1778:CVCV
1767:Verb
1764:Stem
1361:give.
1313:Argaz
1306:argaz
1211:afeg
1170:afeg
1002:— it
991:— it
980:— it
969:— it
958:— it
929:imÉŁur
830:uriÉŁ
813:Verb
765:ifeÉŁ
748:Verb
708:Verbs
694:waman
668:aydi.
660:-hit.
643:Aqcic
594:-hit.
559:aydi.
540:-hit.
501:-hit.
329:cases
287:"fly"
268:igenn
214:"men"
142:tizit
128:argaz
119:amÉŁar
112:amÉŁar
103:aqcic
96:aqcic
34:, to
28:words
4314:sign
4140:Thai
4084:Mizo
3970:Zulu
3943:Fula
3743:Komi
3646:Odia
3357:Manx
3113:link
3109:link
3091:OCLC
3081:ISBN
3032:ISBN
3007:ISBN
2856:'of'
2836:gar-
2780:'in'
2732:sani
2595:(or
2546:(f.
2534:and
2517:snat
2515:(f.
2507:(f.
2384:nni
2296:sen
2262:wen
1841:VII
1797:III
1606:and
1438:lit.
1396:PTCL
1351:IPFV
1347:PTCP
1316:man.
1106:1st
1038:afeg
1022:afeg
1018:ufig
1014:ufeg
1010:afeg
952:1st
870:1st
690:aman
671:dog.
646:boy.
617:dog.
562:dog.
551:boy.
512:boy.
333:noun
312:fass
283:→ iz
242:amic
210:rgaz
195:mÉŁar
188:mÉŁar
4135:Lao
3855:Laz
3350:Old
3270:Old
2833:ger
2740:ÉŁur
2550:):
2548:tis
2544:wis
2513:sin
2239:yi
2222:yi
1830:VI
1808:IV
1786:II
1580:ara
1568:ara
1414:AOR
1406:3SG
1386:ABS
1367:3SG
1363:IMP
1343:NEG
1330:NEG
1318:ABS
728:or
673:ABS
662:PFV
658:3SG
648:ABS
619:ANN
608:ACC
600:3SG
596:PFV
588:3SG
564:ABS
553:ANN
542:PFV
538:3SG
514:ABS
503:PFV
499:3SG
434:or
351:or
349:int
345:ann
339:or
337:abs
177:-n,
163:-en
138:izi
30:to
4419::
3105:}}
3101:{{
3089:.
2964:—
2952:am
2947:—
2930:—
2913:—
2901:ar
2896:—
2879:—
2862:—
2845:—
2828:)
2622:to
2583:ar
2523::
2307:s
2290:s
2273:m
2256:k
2245:ÉŁ
2228:ÉŁ
1819:V
1775:I
1610:.
1602:,
1588:ur
1576:Ur
1564:ur
1556:ur
1421:ur
1392:ad
1375:IO
1325:ur
988:—
353:cs
347:,
341:fs
314:en
300:an
290:aáş“
285:an
279:iz
259:-n
219:en
212:en
197:en
159:i-
155:a-
86:-t
82:t-
78:u-
76:,
74:i-
72:,
70:a-
3158:e
3151:t
3144:v
3115:)
3097:.
2961:—
2955:—
2944:—
2938:—
2927:—
2921:—
2910:—
2904:—
2893:—
2887:—
2876:—
2870:—
2859:—
2853:—
2850:n
2842:—
2818:)
2808:s
2794:—
2777:—
2743:—
2726:—
2723:s
2709:—
2691:)
2684:—
2681:i
2664:d
2618:i
2607:i
2579:s
1540:n
1536:d
1529:n
1525:d
1513:n
1507:d
1410:M
1408:.
1373:.
1371:M
1369:.
1365:-
1353:,
1345:.
1339:,
702:n
606:.
604:M
602:.
598:-
592:M
590:.
467:w
460:y
453:w
446:w
436:y
432:w
422:a
420:t
415:e
411:a
409:t
404:e
400:a
398:t
372:u
368:a
310:i
306:a
298:r
296:u
292:a
281:i
274:n
270:i
261::
248:a
244:i
237:u
208:i
204:a
193:i
186:a
121:t
117:t
105:t
101:t
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