963:. Probably the second most common large bore kammerlader, with a total production of more than 10,000 rifles (2,000 produced by A. Francotte in Liège, Crause in Hertzberg produced another 2,000 and Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk 6,021). In addition, a further 4.500 were manufactured at Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk in 1855 directly as M1849/55. There were a couple of improvements on the M1849, compared to the earlier model. The hammer was widened for a better grip, the butt plate was bent up under the stock in order to protect this better. As far as is known, all the M1849 had fitted new rear sights in 1855, attached with a band around the barrel — or at least no unmodified M1849 are known today. Since this is such a common variation, it is also one of the more affordable for a collector.
768: — a pre-measured amount of gunpowder and a lead bullet wrapped in paper — both to speed up and simplify loading the weapon. In the early days of the rifle most units used round bullets in their weapons, but in 1855 it was decided that all units should use the a conical ball instead since this gave better accuracy. The paper was wrapped around the cylindrical section of the bullet and secured with wool string secured in the grooves. The end of the bullet was then covered in melted tallow, before the
133:
929:. At first glance very similar to the M1842, but a closer inspection reveals substantial differences. Most pronounced is the different style of hammer. Unlike the M1842, which had a narrow, ridge like hammer, the M1846 is wider and had a bigger handle. Most M1846 saw a lot of service and show wear. In 1855, the rear sight was modified and moved, changing the designation to M1842/55. It is hard to find an unmodified rifle today. Some 6000 rifles were manufactured; 3000 at Kongsberg VĂĄpenfabrik, while
22:
889:
1006:. This must be considered a product improved M1852. Major differences were the number of bands (the M1855 used just two), a different rear sight and the shape of the stock. After the introduction of the rim fire Remington M1867, they were modified with the Landmark conversion, the sights being altered to a rocking pattern graduated up to 800 alen (500 m).
1072:. This diminutive weapon had a barrel less than half as long as the M1860. Everything except the bore seems to be scaled down from a M1859 or similar, and the gun might be hard to identify as an M1862 from pictures alone. Production numbers unknown; all are thought to have been modified with the Lund conversion to rim fire in 1869.
1351:
The reason Norway choose to use a
Swedish measurement for the caliber can be found in the fact that Norway and Sweden were in a union at the time, and the military of both nations had an agreement that they would choose weapons with interchangeable ammunition. Later this resulted in both nations
739:
mounted behind the receiver to an adjustable rear sight mounted in front of it. The first of the adjustable rear sights was a 'flip over' type: an L-shaped piece of metal that was hinged so it could 'flip' over. Later this was again modified to a design known in Norway as a 'ski hill sight'; a
1028:
and for sergeants in the infantry. The majority of the M1859 was converted from M1849, M1855 and possibly also from the M1846 rifles. Only the numbers between 10858 and 12183 were originally manufactured as M1859's. Today, it remains the most common large bore kammerlader available to a
862:
rim fire cartridge is placed backwards, facing the shooter, before everything is rolled back forward. The only part to be modified was the chamber and a curving firing pin was added where the nipple for the cap had been. Pictures showing the
Landmark conversion can be found here
1060:) or with a tangent-leaf on rifles issued to snipers. In total about 8,500 were manufactured between 1860 and 1867, the majority later converted to rim fire with the Lunds conversion. In addition, about 1,600 were manufactured with the conversion from new between 1868 and 1870.
900:
rifles were manufactured over a period of 25 years (1842 to 1867) in a wide range of both military and civilian models. Almost all the military rifles were modified once or more, resulting in a very wide range of different models for a collector to collect.
715:
depends, as with all manually operated weapons, entirely on the shooter. While the sources do not give any indication as to the rate of fire attainable by the average soldier, it is known that it was higher than for a muzzle loading
1066:. The same weapon as the Long Lund, except in carbine form. About 3,200 were manufactured between 1862 and 1866. Identical in most respects to the Naval M1860, except that it was modified to rim fire with the Lunds conversion.
838:
rimfire cartridge was milled out of the rear part of the barrel. The right side of the receiver was lowered 6 mm and the bottom plate exchanged from a brass plate to a steel plate with a track for the extractor. The
604:
was proven to be among the most accurate military long arms in Europe. The
Norwegian rifles were shown to be accurate to a range of about 1 km (0.6 mi), which is quite an achievement even by today's standards.
506:
decided that the nature of warfare was changing away from the massed ranks firing in volleys towards smaller units advancing and firing independently. This conclusion was reached after having observed the
876:, by replacing the receivers but keeping the barrels and woodwork. These can be distinguished from ordinary Remington M1867s by having a shorter receiver with more rounded corners. It is unknown how many
972:(chamber loader for the Navy). Two brass bands securing the barrel to the stock, a ring on the hammer for cocking and a caliber of 14.8 mm. Otherwise it looks quite similar to Norwegian
892:
Naval
Kammerlader M1857, with serial number 1. The tag secured to the rifle is the official approval of the model. Note that this rifle has not been modified to the M1857/67 standard.
858:, which on a kammerlader is a separate piece tilted up and to the rear, is opened as before, but can be tilted further backwards by means of a hinge in the middle of the chamber. The
1015:. Identical to the M1855, except the shape of the butt plate. It is assumed that a total of 300 or so were manufactured, all of which were probably modified to rim fire in 1867.
911:. The first model manufactured, differed from later models with a narrower hammer. Production numbers are unknown, but very limited. It can be considered an experimental model.
1714:
467:, were launched decades before 1842, Norway was among the first European countries to introduce breech loaders on a large scale throughout its army and navy. The
993:, about 18 bore) rifle in which the barrel was attached to the stock with three brass bands. It also had a 'ski hill' rear sight. This was the last of the naval
1111:
Most of the rifles sold to civilians were turned into hunting implements, by replacing the barrel and/or the woodwork. Some of these were supposedly used for
920:. Very rare in original state. Only 100 were manufactured in 1845. Outwardly very similar to M1842. The barrel is mounted to the stock with three brass bands.
997:
with three bands. Virtually all were converted to rim fire in 1867 by means of the
Landmark conversion. It is believed that about 500 were manufactured.
772:
was filled in behind the bullet and the end wrapped. For the 18 lødig rifles, a load of 96 grains (6.22 g) was used. Sources vary in the reported
589:
was approved in 1867, more than 40,000 kammerladers in more than 80 different models were manufactured. In 1860 the caliber was reduced again, to four
976:. While much more modern than the Swedish rifles in service at the time, the M1851 was considered a failure and probably was not issued for service.
621:
to be opened for loading, yet securely locked for firing. This was even more important in the early designs made before the introduction of the
1707:
1862:
1444:
570:
The end result was that a modern, breech-loading rifle was approved for use on the 18 May 1842. The caliber chosen for the new rifle was 18
1653:
1643:
811:. Neither can be considered completely successful, but both were cheaper, and quicker, than manufacturing new M1867s. It seems that the
1591:
1582:
1504:
1397:
1108:
was approved for use in 1894, although sources are scarce on this. The rifles were either sold to civilians or melted down for scrap.
452:
quickly gained a reputation for being fast and accurate rifles, and would have been a deadly weapon against massed ranks of infantry.
1700:
1024:. A short rifle with two bands, it was produced for the Sharpshooter Company in Stockholm (today known as the Kings Guard), for the
105:
1637:
1135:
is often claimed to be an outstanding weapon for its time. The only contemporary
European rifle which it can be compared to is the
597:
were modified to rimfire after 1867, this meant that the barrels had to be bored out to 12.17 mm to accept the new cartridge.
1566:
1469:
157:
1555:
1539:
43:
1857:
1572:
1056:
had hexagonal
Whitworth-style rifling. It was fitted either with a simple two-leaf rocking sight (on rifles issued to the
86:
58:
39:
1867:
776:, but it is known that during tests in 1849, the bullet penetrated 2 inches (51 mm) of wood at a distance of 800
864:
579:
508:
65:
32:
1852:
1367:
The sources are unclear, but varies between these two extremes. Possible because there are so many models of the
471:
were manufactured in several different models, and most models were at some point modified in some way or other.
1407:
459:
was introduced in 1842, and it is thought that about 40,000 were manufactured until about 1870. While the first
1847:
482:
cartridges, sold off to civilians or melted for scrap. Rifles sold to civilians were often modified for use as
72:
1802:
516:
436:, and among the first breech loaders adopted for use by an armed force anywhere in the world. A single-shot
1306:
1302:
1295:
1119:, when the occupying Germans had seized all modern weapons owned by civilians. Today it is hard to find a
740:
simple, yet functional, adjustable tangent sight. In principle, this latest sight doesn't differ from the
1762:
1757:
1282:
1105:
1842:
618:
575:
524:
430:
54:
653: — a pre-measured amount of gunpowder and a lead bullet wrapped in paper — also sped up the
132:
1792:
1767:
816:
796:
622:
523:, where small, mobile gunboats outmaneuvered larger, more heavily armed ships. It was decided that a
355:
954:. Mostly similar to the M1845. 500 were manufactured in 1849. Most were later converted to rim fire.
1136:
804:
557:
532:
460:
445:
1747:
1272:
1093:
855:
827:
799:
in 1867, the
Norwegian Army and the Royal Norwegian Navy decided to convert some of the stock of
793:
720: — roughly four rounds a minute — and most probably lower than the contemporary German
701:
479:
1797:
1577:
1544:
1440:
1393:
642:
553:
368:
1561:
1329:
934:
638:
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1524:
1046:
with just two bands. Virtually all were converted to rim fire with the
Landmark conversion.
478:
were phased out as more modern rifles were approved for use. They were either modified for
1787:
1742:
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873:
808:
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834:, and an extractor was mounted on the left side of the receiver. A chamber fitting the
812:
777:
736:
679:
662:
614:
542:
503:
464:
1057:
888:
649:. Rotating the crank opens the breech of the weapon, allowing for loading. The use of
1836:
1782:
1772:
1752:
1627:
1353:
1309:
1277:
1097:
859:
851:
835:
707:
The crank is rotated forwards, locking the breech and making the rifle ready to fire.
360:
1510:
Two prolific
Youtubers combined efforts to restore a derelict 1857 Kammerlader Rifle
1618:
1606:
1494:
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1116:
769:
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590:
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1477:
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448:. This made it much quicker and easier to load than the weapons previously used.
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831:
741:
520:
21:
1436:
From Musket to Metallic Cartridge: A Practical History of Black Powder Firearms
1390:
From Musket to Metallic Cartridge: A Practical History of Black Powder Firearms
1052:. Originally a 4 Linjers (11.77 mm) caliber derivative of the M1855, this
582:
of lead. In modern terms this means the caliber of the rifle was 17.5 mm.
1509:
1316:
1298:
1053:
840:
721:
634:
626:
336:
1423:
689:
is poured into the breech, and the paper from the paper cartridge is used as
1777:
938:
686:
1692:
657:. While not as fast as more modern rifles, which use fixed cartridges, the
541:
units. A special committee was created, and it started considering various
1413:
744:
found on most modern firearms. Towards the end of the service life of the
1357:
1112:
942:
600:
During a military sharpshooting competition held in Belgium in 1861, the
563:
be quicker to load than the musket, and therefore be a breech loader; and
815:
preferred the Lund, while the Landmark was the option of choice for the
803:
into rim fire rifles. There were two designs used for the modification:
1139: — the only other breech loader adopted for service in the 1840s.
690:
487:
483:
1723:
1670:
930:
717:
697:
578:); in other words, one could manufacture 18 round bullets out of one
528:
1088:
were phased out as more modern weapons became available — the
1726:
887:
748:, most of the small bore rifles were modified to allow the use of
665:
433:
331:: 126 cm (50 in), other models likely differed from this
147:
1461:
1104:
was not finally removed from military warehouses until after the
633:
are the first fully successful military breechloaders — the
345:: 78 cm (31 in), other models likely differed from this
735:. The first major modification was the change from a fixed rear
320:: 5 kg (11 lb), other models likely differed from this
1696:
531:, yet quicker to load than the rifles issued to the Norwegian
15:
1500:
An article on the Lund modification, with excellent pictures
1319:
was adopted in 1841 but was not issued to troops until 1848.
549:
have a reduced caliber compared to the then standard musket;
545:
in 1837. It was soon clear that the desired weapon should:
668:. The loading sequence is as follows (refer to picture):
527:
rifle was needed, more accurate than the old smoothbore
1096:(adopted by the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1876), and the
1487:
A series of drawings showing how to load a unmodified
444:
was operated with a crank mounted on the side of the
1462:
Reference page for Kongsberg rifle models including
629:
of the day, and it can be argued that the Norwegian
625:. Achieving a gas-tight seal was difficult with the
1408:
A gun collectors pages on various Norwegian weapons
1100:. It is likely that the last of the modified naval
413:
405:
397:
387:
377:
367:
354:
335:
324:
313:
308:
208:
197:
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123:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1569:, including a set that shows how the breech opens.
1545:Several photos, including closeups, of a M1849/55
637:was slightly earlier, but it leaks a significant
566:be more accurate than the old smoothbore muskets.
494:, and collectors often pay high prices for them.
490:firearms. Today it is hard to find an unmodified
383:Depended on how quickly the shooter could reload.
1410: — relevant pages retrieved on 8 July 2005
1182:6 to 8 rounds/minute (guesstimate, see article)
645:mounted on the side of the weapon operates the
429:, or "chamber loader", was the first Norwegian
1550:Photographs of a M1852 (converted to rim fire)
731:Most of the rifles were modified during their
672:The hammer mounted under the weapon is cocked.
552:have reliable ignition, with the means of the
1708:
1660:From the top: Landmark, Lund, original breech
1650:From the top: Landmark, Lund, original breech
1638:A composite photo showing the Lund conversion
1540:Photographs of a M1849 manufactured by Crause
843:was curved to allow the hammer to strike it.
8:
1535:Photographs of a M1849 manufactured in Liège
1208:265 to 350 m/s (870 to 1,150 ft/s)
749:
556:(earlier muskets had been equipped with the
519:in 1814. Lessons were also learned from the
1516:Images of various models and modifications:
593:, or about 11.77 mm. When some of the
1715:
1701:
1693:
1679:Fra kammerladerfelten i Mulvika 31.08.2002
1573:Photographs of the long and short M1860/67
613:Every breechloader must have some form of
120:
1592:Photo of a Swedish M1851 manufactured by
1583:Photo of a Swedish M1851 manufactured at
1123:in original condition, or indeed at all.
675:The crank is rotated, opening the breech.
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1634:– site wrongly identifies this as a Lund
1141:
728:has a more elaborate loading procedure.
393:Sources vary; between 265 m/s to 350 m/s
1381:
724:'s 10 to 12 rounds a minute, since the
1654:Comparison of modified and unmodified
1644:Comparison of modified and unmodified
969:M1851 kammarladdningsgevär för flottan
1681:(3 photos), and reenactors using the
1632:modified with the Landmark conversion
1623:modified with the Landmark conversion
1424:An article in the Norwegian magazine
850:refers to a modification invented by
7:
1392:. Crowood Press, 2013, pp. 117–118.
1038:. The first of the naval small bore
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1677:, targetshooting under the heading
1578:Photographs of the M1862/69 carbine
1505:Short article on shooting the M1846
1356:rim fire cartridge in 1867 and the
1127:Comparison with contemporary rifles
989:, this was a short, small bore (18
463:breech-loading rifles, such as the
1689:(halfway down the page, 4 photos).
1519:Various models of the kammerlader:
945:produced an additional 1,500 each.
711:The exact rate of firing with the
661:was much faster than contemporary
14:
1556:A photograph of a modified M1855
1495:The Model 1860 Kammerlader Rifle
398:Effective firing range
131:
20:
1211:305 m/s (1,000 ft/s)
985:. One of the more common naval
880:were modified in this fashion.
517:Swedish campaign against Norway
502:In the early 19th century, the
31:needs additional citations for
1821:Replaced the Lee–Enfield No. 4
1607:The 18 Bore Kammerlader Bullet
1470:A gun collector's page on the
788:After the introduction of the
401:Accurate to 1,100 m, see text.
198:
1:
1439:. Crowood. pp. 134–138.
1429:, retrieved 15 September 2005
872:were also converted with the
1863:Goods manufactured in Norway
1567:Photographs of the M1860/67
1324:Earlier breechloading rifles
1198:15.4 mm (0.61 in)
1169:1,000 m (1,100 yd)
1687:Svartkruttstemne 04.05.2002
1619:A selection of photos of a
1195:17.5 mm (0.69 in)
1884:
1158:Prussian Needle rifle M/41
1070:M1862/66 Artillery carbine
509:American Revolutionary War
251:M1862/66 Artillery carbine
1811:
1778:Selvladegevær M1 (Garand)
1733:
1613:Modifications to rimfire:
1478:The Norwegian kammerlader
1315:The German breechloading
1250:4.7 kg (10 lb)
1172:600 m (660 yd)
685:A pre measured amount of
349:
154:Place of origin
130:
1815:Used during World War II
1803:Heckler & Koch HK416
1562:Photographs of the M1859
1530:Photographs of the M1846
1525:Photographs of the M1845
1433:Flatnes, Oyvind (2013).
1420:. Retrieved 12 July 2005
1234:126 cm (50 in)
1224:91 cm (36 in)
682:is placed on the nipple.
1480:English article on the
1221:78 cm (31 in)
1185:10 to 12 rounds/minute
784:Modification to rimfire
303:Various civilian models
248:M1862 Artillery carbine
1671:Several photos of the
1307:Springfield Model 1861
1303:Springfield model 1855
1296:Springfield model 1842
1247:5 kg (11 lb)
893:
417:V-notch and front post
379:Rate of fire
1594:P.J.Marlherbe a Liège
1237:142 cm 55.9 in)
1042:, and the only naval
891:
641:around the breech. A
585:From 1842, until the
256:Royal Norwegian Navy:
1858:Norwegian inventions
1648:with closed breeches
1354:12.17 Ă— 44
1153:Kammerlader M1849/55
830:was replaced with a
817:Royal Norwegian Navy
764:was designed to use
389:Muzzle velocity
118:Breech-loading rifle
40:improve this article
1783:M1917 Enfield rifle
1294:The United States'
1289:Contemporary rifles
1137:Prussian needle gun
1064:M1860/67 Short Army
848:Landmark conversion
558:flintlock mechanism
137:Kammerlader m/1857
1868:Single-shot rifles
1685:under the heading
1658:with open breeches
1414:An article on the
1360:cartridge in 1894.
1358:6.5 Ă— 55
1050:M1860/67 Long Army
894:
363:in paper cartridge
177:Production history
1828:
1827:
1763:Lee–Enfield No. 4
1446:978-1-84797-594-2
1426:Jeger, hund vĂĄpen
1388:Flatnes, Oyvind.
1254:
1253:
700:is placed in the
554:caplock mechanism
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1853:Rifles of Norway
1768:Pattern 14 Rifle
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1330:M1819 Hall rifle
1262:Norwegian rifles
1142:
874:Remington action
868:A number of the
766:paper cartridges
651:paper cartridges
617:that allows the
406:Feed system
204:More than 40,000
200:
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1798:VĂĄpensmia NM149
1788:Kongsberg M59F1
1743:Remington M1867
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1204:Muzzle velocity
1165:Effective range
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1113:illegal hunting
1090:Remington M1867
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886:
824:Lund conversion
790:Remington M1867
786:
774:muzzle velocity
758:
611:
609:Design features
587:Remington M1867
580:Norwegian pound
543:firearm actions
513:Napoleonic Wars
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213:Norwegian Army:
169:In service
164:Service history
146:Breech-loading
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1748:Krag–Petersson
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1456:External links
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504:Norwegian Army
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315:
311:
310:
309:Specifications
306:
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283:
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271:
268:
265:
262:
258:
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252:
249:
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245:M1860/67 Short
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
228:
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222:
219:
215:
210:
206:
205:
202:
195:
194:
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150:
144:
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139:
136:
128:
127:
117:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1880:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1831:
1820:
1818:Spoils of war
1817:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Karabiner 98k
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1753:Jarmann M1884
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1718:
1713:
1711:
1706:
1704:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1657:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1587:weaponfactory
1586:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1352:adopting the
1349:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1278:Jarmann M1884
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1243:Loaded weight
1241:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1217:Barrel length
1215:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1098:Jarmann M1884
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:rank and file
1055:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1033:M1860/67 Navy
1031:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:M1857/67 Navy
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:M1855/67 Navy
999:
996:
992:
988:
984:
981:
980:M1852/67 Navy
978:
975:
971:
970:
965:
962:
959:
958:M1849/55 Army
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
925:
924:M1846/55 Army
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
903:
902:
899:
890:
883:
881:
879:
875:
871:
866:
865:
861:
860:12.17 x 44 mm
857:
853:
852:Jens Landmark
849:
844:
842:
837:
836:12.17 x 44 mm
833:
829:
825:
820:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
795:
791:
783:
781:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
755:
753:
751:
747:
743:
738:
734:
729:
727:
723:
719:
714:
706:
703:
699:
695:
692:
688:
684:
681:
677:
674:
671:
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664:
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652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
608:
606:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
565:
562:
559:
555:
551:
548:
547:
546:
544:
540:
536:
535:
530:
526:
525:breech loaded
522:
518:
514:
510:
505:
497:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
447:
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439:
435:
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428:
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412:
408:
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390:
386:
382:
380:
376:
372:
370:
366:
362:
359:
357:
353:
348:
344:
341:
338:
334:
330:
327:
323:
319:
316:
312:
307:
304:
297:
296:
294:
293:Swedish Navy:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
259:
257:
250:
247:
244:
241:
239:M1860/67 Long
238:
235:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
216:
214:
211:
207:
203:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
171:
167:
162:
159:
158:Sweden-Norway
156:
152:
149:
145:
141:
134:
129:
122:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
55:"Kammerlader"
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1843:Early rifles
1830:
1737:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1675:in use today
1672:
1664:
1663:
1656:kammerladers
1655:
1646:kammerladers
1645:
1629:
1628:Photos of a
1620:
1612:
1611:
1600:
1599:
1593:
1584:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1488:
1481:
1471:
1463:
1435:
1425:
1415:
1389:
1384:
1368:
1364:
1348:
1301:musket, and
1242:
1230:Total length
1229:
1216:
1203:
1190:
1178:Rate of fire
1177:
1164:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1130:
1120:
1117:World War II
1110:
1102:kammerladers
1101:
1086:kammerladers
1085:
1083:
1079:kammerladers
1078:
1077:Fate of the
1069:
1063:
1049:
1043:
1040:kammerladers
1039:
1035:
1032:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1000:
995:kammerladers
994:
990:
987:kammerladers
986:
982:
979:
974:kammerladers
973:
968:
967:
960:
957:
951:
948:
926:
923:
917:
914:
908:
905:
897:
895:
878:kammerladers
877:
870:kammerladers
869:
867:
847:
845:
823:
821:
801:kammerladers
800:
787:
770:black powder
761:
759:
752:ammunition.
746:kammerladers
745:
733:service life
730:
725:
712:
710:
658:
655:rate of fire
646:
639:gas pressure
631:kammerladers
630:
612:
601:
599:
595:Kammerladers
594:
584:
571:
569:
538:
533:
501:
491:
476:kammerladers
475:
473:
469:kammerladers
468:
456:
454:
450:Kammerladers
449:
441:
438:black-powder
425:
424:
422:
342:
339: length
328:
317:
302:
292:
255:
212:
125:Kammerlader
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1738:Kammerlader
1683:kammerlader
1673:kammerlader
1630:kammerlader
1621:kammerlader
1585:Carl Gustav
1489:kammerlader
1482:kammerlader
1472:kammerlader
1464:kammerlader
1416:kammerlader
1369:kammerlader
1133:kammerlader
1121:kammerlader
1044:kammerlader
1036:kammerlader
1022:kammerlader
1013:kammerlader
1004:kammerlader
983:kammerlader
961:kammerlader
952:kammerlader
927:kammerlader
918:kammerlader
909:kammerlader
898:kammerlader
832:breechblock
762:kammerlader
742:iron sights
726:kammerlader
713:kammerlader
659:kammerlader
647:kammerlader
602:Kammerlader
521:Gunboat War
498:Development
492:kammerlader
457:kammerlader
442:kammerlader
440:rifle, the
426:Kammerlader
409:single-shot
242:M1860 Short
201: built
96:August 2007
1837:Categories
1601:Ammunition
1418:in English
1377:References
1371:out there.
1317:needle gun
1299:smoothbore
1054:long rifle
1029:collector.
1019:M1859 Army
949:M1849 Navy
915:M1845 Navy
906:M1842 Army
841:firing pin
756:Ammunition
722:needle gun
635:needle gun
627:metallurgy
361:Minié ball
236:M1860 Long
66:newspapers
1724:Norwegian
939:Francotte
805:Landmarks
797:cartridge
687:gunpowder
623:cartridge
615:mechanism
461:flintlock
356:Cartridge
172:1842–1870
1257:See also
966:Swedish
935:Herzberg
822:For the
792:and its
750:rim fire
539:Skijeger
484:shotguns
465:Ferguson
446:receiver
373:See text
343:M1849/55
329:M1849/55
318:M1849/55
288:M1860/67
282:M1857/67
276:M1855/67
270:M1852/67
230:M1849/55
224:M1846/55
209:Variants
190:Designed
182:Designer
1191:Calibre
1115:during
856:chamber
828:chamber
794:rimfire
702:chamber
691:wadding
529:muskets
488:hunting
480:rimfire
185:Unknown
80:scholar
1665:In use
1443:
1396:
1092:, the
1026:Jegers
931:Crause
884:Models
854:. The
826:, the
718:musket
698:bullet
666:rifles
619:breech
511:, the
414:Sights
369:Action
337:Barrel
325:Length
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1341:Notes
1147:Rifle
991:Lødig
943:Liège
809:Lunds
737:sight
643:crank
576:gauge
572:lødig
534:Jeger
434:rifle
298:M1851
285:M1860
279:M1857
273:M1855
267:M1852
264:M1849
261:M1845
233:M1859
227:M1849
221:M1846
218:M1842
148:rifle
87:JSTOR
73:books
1793:AG-3
1441:ISBN
1394:ISBN
1305:and
1131:The
1084:The
937:and
896:The
846:The
807:and
778:alen
760:The
696:The
537:and
474:The
455:The
423:The
314:Mass
193:1842
143:Type
59:news
941:in
933:in
486:or
199:No.
42:by
1839::
819:.
678:A
560:);
1716:e
1709:t
1702:v
1640:.
1558:.
1552:.
1449:.
1312:.
704:.
693:.
574:(
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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