227:
Attempts to control Okomo by prohibiting her from contacting
Marcelo and other social undesirables lead to Okomo to walk with a group of three girls who have also largely rejected the expectations of them from Fang society. In the middle of one walk, Okomo engages in sex in the forest with the three
357:
The book shows throughout that the value of men is in owning a home and in siring children. Women's value is derived through giving birth and having children. Gay men challenge this system because they are not engaged in reproductive activities. Women's importance in sexual relations is minimal,
342:
The importance of gender roles is shown among other ways when the main character cuts the toenails of her grandfather. It demonstrates how in Fang society the older man is always in charge, and how is often does not listen to those below him in the social hierarchy and who is never there when you
232:
Okomo and Dina during the saint's day feast of Okomo's grandfather. After everyone pretended to ignore this, the two girls beat Okomo when she went to get water. The full story came out, and two girls were married off. One girl was isolated to live with her father who got her pregnant and abused
223:
Okomo has a special relationship with an uncle, her mother's brother and another child of her grandfather's first wife, named
Marcelo. Because her uncle is a woman man, the family is estranged from him and Okomo becomes a key contact person in their attempts to get Marcelo to have sex with his
362:
or pleasure in the act. In the book, being a woman is about fulfilling expectations of others to procreate at an early age. This is an expectation set by her grandmother that is put on the orphaned Okomo after she gets her first period. The irrelevance of women as things other than tools for
366:
Liberation from the cultural and societal restrictions around sexuality and gender roles in the book are expressed through
Marcelo retreating to the forest where he can be with his partner. The four lesbian girls later follow him in stages to gain their own liberation.
262:
Okomo's grandmother, who is barren as a result of getting syphilis from her husband Osá, and who is upset at his subsequent decision to marry a second wife in order to continue having sons. She is determined to marry Okomo off so she does not follow in her mother's
224:
sister-in-law. This is important as the grandfather's first born son is barren, and
Marcelo is a familial relation who can ensure the family line continues. He declines, and Marcelo's house is burned, but not before he managed to escape to the forest.
228:
girls. She soon forms a bond with one girl, Dina, to the exclusion of the other two and against the rules of the group that sex should only be communal among them. This later leads to the other girls to feeling jealous and excluded,
249:
The book's narrator, Okomo is a teenage girl who was born to an unmarried mother and a "scoundrel" father whose identity remains unknown to her. Frequently labelled as a "bastard" in the village, Okomo is raised by her maternal
27:
338:
in Fang society. It is also about the importance of gender roles in this society, and how they intersect with sexuality. The book is also about being liberated from these restrictive ideas around sexuality and gender roles.
211:
Okomo, an orphan who was born a bastard and whose mother died during childbirth, lives in Ayá Esang, a traditional village in
Equatorial Guinea that is about a day's walk from Gabon. As a sixteen-year-old who had her
421:
is being sold in
Equatorial Guinea, though it can be hard to find. The book is officially banned in the country. It is difficult for local authors to publish in any language, let alone Spanish, in the country.
809:
190:(UNED), as part of its Center for Afro-Hispanic Studies. In 2017, she completed her doctorate at the Universidad de Salamanca, writing her thesis about traditional marriage and dowry practices among the
111:. The book tells the story of Okomo, an orphan who was born a bastard whose mother died during childbirth, and lives in a traditional village in Equatorial Guinea that is about a day's walk from
346:
Invisibility of lesbians in the book is discussed through the terms used for gay men and lesbian women. Gay men are referred to as "fam e mina" in
Spanish and "bequebe fafam" in Fang, meaning
256:
Okomo's uncle, who is shunned by the family and lives in the forest due to being a "man-woman" and refusing to do his duty of impregnating his sister-in-law due to his brother's sterility.
220:
family and not knowing who she is, Okomo seeks to know more about her father. Her family tries to prevent her from doing so and has forbidden her from trying to find and contact him.
182:
with a bachelor's degree in political science. She later earned a
Masters in International Cooperation and Development from the same university. She then became a professor at the
480:
583:
216:, she is watched over by her grandfather's first wife, her grandfather and a community who has already rejected her because of her birth. Given her place in this
203:, she has said the book is not autobiographical. The surroundings in which the main character, Okomo, is placed are similar to those which the author grew up in.
810:"#LPA.- Feria Libro : Trifonia Melibea Obono reivindica la diversidad sexual y se enfrenta al patriarcado de Guinea Ecuatorial en su novela 'La Bastarda'"
891:"Fiction Book Review: La Bastarda by Trifonia Melibea Obono, trans. from the Spanish by Lawrence Schimel. Feminist, $ 15.95 (112p) ISBN 978-1-936932-23-8"
960:
187:
925:
183:
153:, a Spanish-speaking black woman from Equatorial Guinea. It is her second major novel in Spanish, and third overall. Obono has been described by
233:
her. Okomo's grandmother basically sends her away to Okomo's mother's sister to get money to fund a cure for her barrenness as a result of
935:
275:
Okomo's grandfather and the patriarch of the family, who is determined to carry on his family line through having sons and grandsons.
955:
930:
90:
539:
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is the first story about lesbians from
Equatorial Guinea to be published in Spanish. In 2016, the book was included on a list by
161:
voices in former colonial
Spanish Africa. Obono is considered Spanish when at home in Equatorial Guinea, while being considered a
940:
237:. All four girls eventually flee to the forest, joining Marcelo and his partner, while creating a family amongst themselves.
838:
391:
liked the book, but felt the last chapter was a bit rushed. The pacing was not consistent with the rest of the chapters.
343:
need him. The leading male figures in people's lives may know nothing because people are too scared to tell him things.
119:, requirements for women to have sex for the purpose of reproduction at the direction of men, and sexuality. After being
920:
507:
945:
403:. It is 116 pages long. A second edition was published in 2017. An English-language version was published in 2018 by
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while living in Spain. People in her society sometimes consider her crazy for how she dissects and dismantles
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A young woman who is 28 years younger than Adà, with whom she often gets into physical and verbal fights.
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Okomo's aunt-in-law, who is desperate for Marcelo to impregnate her so she can have children of her own.
179:
612:
269:
A member of the "Indecency Club" whom Okomo falls in love with, whose mother and sister have died.
404:
481:"Trifonia Melibea Obono: "En España me llaman "la negra", en Guinea Ecuatorial "la españolita"""
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331:
108:
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A member of the "Indecency Club" who is rumoured to be incestuously abused by her father.
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procreation is shown through the sale of two girls to pay off debts by their fathers.
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131:
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has a word to describe gay men, the language has no word to describe lesbians.
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in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. She also is a faculty member at Spain's
326:
One of the main themes is about the comparisons between heterosexuality and
780:"La bastarda, de Trifonia Melibea Obono. Ser lesbiana en Guinea Ecuatorial"
138:
Spanish Africa. The book is her second major novel published in Spanish.
653:""La mujer guineana está sometida por la iglesia y por la cultura bantú""
234:
217:
123:, she eventually retreats to the sanctuary of the freedom of the forest.
26:
359:
335:
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Marcelo's friend, an amputee who works as a prostitute in the village.
311:
Okomo's uncle, who is sterile and unable to carry on the family line.
229:
120:
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Marcelo's long-term secret lover, who lives with him in the woods.
163:
112:
540:"Obono se rebela contra el peso de la tradición en 'La bastarda'"
287:
A member of the "Indecency Club" whose father is heavily in debt.
584:"Entrevista a Trifonia Melibea Obono, autora de "La bastarda""
729:"¿Podemos hablar de los mejores 10 libros africanos de 2016?"
103:(English: 'The Bastard') is a 2016 Spanish-language novel by
115:. She is forced to confront her culture's attitudes about
157:
and Casa Africa as one of the most avant-garde and brave
126:
Trifonia Melibea Obono is considered one of the most
16:
2016 Spanish-language novel by Trifonia Melibea Obono
171:. Her previous published works in Spanish included
399:The book was first published in Spanish in 2016 by
384:as one of the ten best books by an African writer.
84:
76:
68:
60:
52:
44:
36:
334:. At the same time, it shows the invisibility of
839:"'La bastarda', toda la negrura del patriarcado"
876:Obono, Trifonia Melibea, and Lawrence Schimel.
727:Quincoces, Sonia Fernández (28 December 2016).
508:"La guineana que desmontó el heteropatriarcado"
350:or man who behaves like his sister. While the
188:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
8:
695:""En Guinea soy la enemiga de la tradición""
506:de los Santos, Alejandro (26 January 2017).
19:
371:Literary significance and critical reaction
582:Velasco Oliaga, Javier (1 November 2016).
25:
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538:de Pablos, Luis Miguel (9 October 2016).
184:Universidad Nacional de Guinea Ecuatoria
778:Lapeña, Silvia Cruz (23 January 2017).
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358:with no real thought given to their
699:La Provincia - Diario de Las Palmas
651:Jurado, Ángeles (9 January 2017).
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961:2016 LGBTQ-related literary works
926:Novels about race and ethnicity
619:(in Spanish). 10 February 2017
1:
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936:Novels with lesbian themes
178:The author graduated from
863:Obono, Trifonia Melibea.
24:
956:The Feminist Press Books
931:Equatoguinean literature
613:"Trifonia Melibea Obono"
407:. It was translated by
107:. The book is banned in
941:Spanish-language novels
411:, with an afterword by
151:Trifonia Melibea Obono
105:Trifonia Melibea Obono
40:Trifonia Melibea Obono
845:(in European Spanish)
816:(in European Spanish)
786:(in European Spanish)
546:(in European Spanish)
514:(in European Spanish)
487:(in European Spanish)
197:In an interview with
194:of her home country.
180:Universidad de Murcia
173:Herencia de bindendee
895:PublishersWeekly.com
544:El Norte de Castilla
921:2016 Spanish novels
395:Publication history
21:
946:2010s LGBTQ novels
405:The Feminist Press
303:Osá's second wife:
56:Lesbian literature
332:Equatorial Guinea
315:Marcelino's wife:
134:voices in former
109:Equatorial Guinea
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31:First edition
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898:. Retrieved
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847:. Retrieved
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818:. Retrieved
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788:. Retrieved
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703:. Retrieved
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668:. Retrieved
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621:. Retrieved
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592:. Retrieved
590:(in Spanish)
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548:. Retrieved
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512:afribuku.com
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489:. Retrieved
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207:Plot summary
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117:gender roles
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98:
97:
72:Flores Raras
20:La Bastarda
878:La Bastarda
865:La bastarda
617:Casa África
419:La Bastarda
376:La Bastarda
322:Main themes
192:Fang people
147:La Bastarda
128:avant-garde
100:La Bastarda
915:Categories
843:Canarias 7
426:References
309:Marcelino:
291:Restituta:
263:footsteps.
241:Characters
218:polygamous
142:Background
130:and brave
741:1134-6582
665:1134-6582
348:man woman
330:in rural
69:Publisher
61:Published
336:lesbians
297:Jesusín:
254:Marcelo:
235:syphilis
136:colonial
45:Language
880:. 2018.
867:. 2017.
733:El País
657:El País
381:El País
360:consent
48:Spanish
739:
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285:Linda:
279:Pilar:
247:Okomo:
230:outing
214:period
37:Author
900:4 May
849:4 May
820:4 May
790:4 May
746:4 May
705:4 May
670:4 May
623:4 May
594:4 May
550:4 May
518:4 May
491:4 May
267:Dina:
164:negra
121:outed
113:Gabon
80:Spain
53:Genre
902:2018
851:2018
822:2018
792:2018
748:2018
737:ISSN
707:2018
672:2018
661:ISSN
625:2018
596:2018
552:2018
520:2018
493:2018
273:Osá:
260:Adà:
86:ISBN
64:2016
485:abc
200:ABC
155:ABC
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
