368:), where Liu was hastily elected to succeed his brother. Luo Shang was quick to capitalize on his recent victory and sent a large contingent of troops to attack Li Liu's camp. Li Liu and the others fought hard against the invaders, but the situation worsened when the Di leaders, Fu Cheng (苻成) and Kui Bo (隗伯) betrayed him. The situation was so desperate, that Li Te's widow
478:(五月，李流〔請〕降於孫阜，遣子為質。乃舉兵與李離襲阜。阜軍敗績。宋岱病卒墊江，〔荊〕州軍退。〔初〕，〔流以特、蕩死，而岱、阜並至，恐懼。李含勸流降，流從之。雄與驤諫之，不納。遣子世及含子胡質於阜。李離聞父、舅將降，自梓潼還，欲諫不及。雄與離謀襲阜，曰：「若功成事濟，當為人主，要三年一更。」雄曰：「與君計雖定，老子不從，若何？」離曰：「當制〕〔之。若不可，便行大事。雖君叔，〕〔事不得已。老父〕〔在君，夫復何言。」雄乃說六郡人士，激以尚之自侵〕，〔懼以共殘蜀民〕〔之禍，陳〕〔可富貴之利。〕〔得以破阜。阜軍死者甚眾。而岱病亡，荊州軍退。轉攻尚。流慚其短，軍事任雄。雄數破尚軍〕。「雄」逼攻尚，尚保「太」「城」〔成都〕「中」。) Huayang Guozhi, Volume 8.7
328:
However, Li Te's attempts at making peace with Luo Shang was met with issues as the court in
Luoyang demanded that refugees who fled from the north return to their respective provinces. The refugees did not want to leave the south, as they heard that the north was still in chaos, so Li Te begged Luo
375:
After just barely surviving an attack, Li Liu wondered if he should continue the rebellion. Jin reinforcements led by Zong Dai (宗岱) and Sun Fu (孫阜) were approaching while his brother Li Han was pushing for surrender. His nephew Li Xiong and Li Xiang opposed him, but Li Liu was adamant on surrender.
332:
As predicted, fighting broke out between the two side in 301. Li Te scored the first victory despite Luo Shang attacking first. Li Te then made Li Liu Grand
General Who Guards The East and had him follow him through most of his campaigns. The following year, Li Liu joined in the assault on Piqiao
351:
region moved into fortifications to defend themselves. Although Li Te treated them kindly, Li Liu pointed out to his brother that people living in these fortifications may not be loyal as they seem, and urged him to force them into sending hostages. However, Li Te ignored his concerns, and as a
309:
in Yizhou. Li Liu followed suit and gathered his own men to join his brother. However, Zhao Xin would kill Li Xiáng out of jealousy the following year. Zhao Xin sent messengers to console Li Liu and Li Te about their loss, but they only grew enraged. The two brothers led troops to
346:
In early 303, Li Te reached
Chengdu, which prompted Luo Shang to sue for peace. However, Li Liu was wary of this, and together with Shangguan Dun (上官惇), warned Li Te in a letter by saying, "Accepting a surrender is like receiving an enemy." At the start of the war, many in the
399:
During the winter of 303, Li Liu grew deathly ill. He had decided that his nephew, Li Xiong should be the one to lead his army. Li Liu soon died and Li Xiong took over his command. Li Xiong would drive out Luo Shang and the Jin forces out from the regions of
329:
Shang for months to extend their stay. Luo Shang was lenient at first but was soon determined to send them back, so Li Te prepared himself for war. Li Liu helped his brother gather more men and trained the refugees to bolster his forces.
376:
He sent his son Li Shi and Li Han's son Li Hu as hostages to Sun Fu. However, Li Xiong and Li Li (李離) went against Li Liu's orders, and instead routed Sun Fu while Zong Dai coincidentally died of natural causes. The reinforcements from
388:. His army was left with little supply as many of the people of Yizhou decided to migrate to neighbouring provinces. Luckily, Luo Shang had a fall-out with his subordinate Xu Yu (徐轝), who wanted him to ally with the hermit
249:. After Li Te was killed in an ambush in 303, Li Liu was hastily chosen by Te's followers as his successor. He saved Li Te's army from destruction during the aftermath of his death but later decided to have his nephew,
380:
all fled home because of their generals’ deaths. Li Liu felt ashamed for not following Li Xiong's advice earlier, but seeing that his nephew was more capable than he is, decided to entrust Xiong with military matters.
253:
handle military responsibilities. Li Liu died in 303, just a few months before Cheng-Han's creation in 304. Despite succeeding Li Te first, he never granted himself an imperial title nor introduced a new
1636:
433:(廞恐朝廷討己，遣長史費遠、犍為太守李苾、督護常俊督萬餘人斷北道，次綿竹之石亭。特密收合得七千餘人，夜襲遠軍，遠大潰，因放火燒之，死者十八九。進攻成都。廞聞兵至，驚懼不知所為。李苾、張征等夜斬關走出，文武盡散。廞獨與妻子乘小船走至廣都，為下人硃竺所殺。特至成都，縱兵大掠，害西夷護軍薑發，殺廞長史袁治及廞所置守長，遣其牙門王角、李基詣洛陽陳廞之罪狀。) Book of Jin, Volume 120
372:
personally fought in the defence. Despite the odds, Li Liu drove out both the invaders and traitors from his camp before quickly putting
Chengdu under siege to place pressure on Luo Shang.
575:
408:
the following year, establishing his own state of Cheng (later renamed Han in 338). He posthumously honoured his uncle as King Wen of Qin after becoming emperor in 306.
469:(三月，羅尚遣督護何沖、常深攻李流，涪陵民藥紳亦起兵攻流。流與李驤拒紳，何沖乘虛攻北營，氐苻成、隗伯在營中，叛應之。蕩母羅氏擐甲拒戰，伯手刃傷其目，羅氏氣益壯；會流等破深、紳，引兵還，與沖戰，大破之。成、伯率其黨突出詣尚。流等乘勝進抵成都，尚復閉城自守。蕩馳馬逐北，中矛而死。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 85
1600:
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487:(遂入郫城，流移營據之。三蜀百姓並保險結塢，城邑皆空，流野無所略，士眾饑困。涪陵人范長生率千餘家依青城山，尚參軍涪陵徐轝求為汶山太守，欲要結長生等，與尚掎角討流。尚不許，轝怨之，求使江西，遂降於流，說長生等使資給流軍糧。長生從之，故流軍復振。) Book of Jin, Volume 120
290:
rebelled around Li Liu's home, coinciding with a terrible famine and military occupation. Li Liu followed his brother to their ancestral home in
396:, who sought his protection from the war. Fan agreed to ally himself with Li Liu and provided him with food and supply to last the entire war.
1616:
266:
Li Liu was the fourth son of Li Mu and the younger brother of Li Te. His family was originally from Baxi
Commandery (巴西郡; around present-day
1588:
1584:
1576:
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496:(九月，流疾篤，謂諸將曰：「驍騎高明仁愛，識量多奇，固足以濟大事，然前軍英武，殆天所相，可共受事於前軍，以為成都王也。」遂薨，年五十六。諸將共立雄為主，雄稱尊，追諡流秦文王，子龍嗣。) Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms, Volume 6
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but was turned down. Xu Yu defected to Li Liu who carried out Xu Yu's wishes. Fan
Changsheng had thousands of families under him at
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1024:
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heading his way, he decided to establish friendly relationships. Li Liu was tasked in sending oxen and wine to Luo Shang at
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258:. Furthermore, due to being his uncle, Li Xiong only posthumously honoured him as a king and not an emperor in 306.
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Li Te's sudden death took his army by surprise. Li Liu and the others fell back to Chizu (赤祖, in present-day
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302:
325:, which were accepted. For his efforts in putting down Zhao Xin, Li Liu was made General Who Exerts Valor.
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460:(八月，特破德陽。流次成都北「上」〔郭〕。李驤在毗橋，尚遣將張興偽降於驤，覘士眾。還以告尚。尚遣叟兵襲驤，破之。流、驤并眾攻尚軍。軍失利，喪其器甲。) Huayang Guozhi, Volume 7.6
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people. He was talented from a young age, earning the respect of the
Colonel of Eastern
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424:(元康中，氐齊萬年反，關西擾亂，天水、略陽、扶風、始平諸郡皆被兵，頻歲大饑，流移就穀，相與入漢川者數萬家。) Book of Jin, Volume 120
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tribes He Pan, who made Li Liu his
Director. In 296, A Di chieftain named
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333:(毗橋, in present-day Xindu County, Sichuan), helping his other brother
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result, he was killed by Luo Shang in an ambush just a month later.
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451:(特從之。冬，十月，特分爲二營，特居北營，流居東營，繕甲厲兵，戒嚴以待之。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 84
314:
to avenge Li Xiáng, forcing Zhao Xin to flee from the province.
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Li Te was now in control of Yizhou but with Jin forces led by
241:
period. He was his brother's general during his war with
442:(朝廷論討趙廞功，拜特宣威將軍，弟流奮武將軍，皆封侯。) Zizhi Tongjian, Volume 84
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148:Grand General, Grand Commander, Governor of
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29:
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233:and one of the spiritual founders of
7:
294:to escape the turmoil in the north.
25:
343:) rout Luo Shang's best troops.
297:In 300, Li Liu's other brother,
262:Service under Li Xiáng and Li Te
1666:Jin dynasty (266–420) generals
27:Spiritual founder of Cheng-Han
1:
1601:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
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229:(秦文王), was a general under
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356:Taking command of the army
301:joined a rebellion led by
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131:Era name and dates
136:Jiànchū (建初): 303
1535:Western Shu (405–413)
531:Chronicles of Huayang
307:Jin dynasty (266–420)
164:King Wén of Qín (秦文王)
337:(note the different
1519:Huan Chu (403–404)
1354:Son of Tuoba Pugen
18:Li Liu (Cheng Han)
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982:
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948:
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748:
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745:Zhang Yaoling
743:
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733:
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512:(ed.) (648).
511:
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216:courtesy name
209:
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152:(大將軍 大都督 益州牧)
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38:
31:
19:
1589:N. Dynasties
1585:S. Dynasties
1481:Murong Zhong
1461:Murong Chong
1387:Tuoba Yihuai
1374:Tuoba Yihuai
1320:Yang Nandang
1315:Yang Baozong
1215:Northern Yan
1200:Helian Chang
1133:Southern Yan
1104:Juqu Mengxun
1005:Qifu Qiangui
942:Murong Sheng
926:Murong Xiang
835:Murong Huang
760:Zhang Tianxi
709:Former Liang
610:
545:
535:
529:
519:
513:
492:
483:
474:
465:
456:
447:
438:
429:
420:
398:
383:
374:
359:
345:
338:
331:
327:
316:
305:against the
296:
265:
226:
223:posthumously
218:
214:; 248–303),
203:
202:
195:
188:Chinese name
122:Liu (流, liú)
1581:16 Kingdoms
1486:Murong Yong
1456:Murong Hong
1447:Western Yan
1390:(2nd reign)
1382:(2nd reign)
1349:Tuoba Pugen
1325:Yang Baochi
1253:Yang Maosou
1205:Helian Ding
1195:Helian Bobo
1147:Murong Chao
1122:Juqu Anzhou
1109:Juqu Mujian
1075:Tufa Lilugu
1025:Later Liang
1010:Qifu Chipan
1000:Qifu Guoren
991:Western Qin
915:Murong Chui
542:Sima, Guang
515:Book of Jin
237:during the
192:family name
150:Yi Province
142:Regnal name
109:Family name
56:Predecessor
1671:248 births
1656:303 deaths
1650:Categories
1573:3 Kingdoms
1476:Murong Yao
1379:Tuoba Hena
1369:Tuoba Hena
1364:Tuoba Heru
1359:Tuoba Yulü
1344:Tuoba Yilu
1305:Yang Sheng
1258:Yang Nandi
1115:Juqu Wuhui
1080:Tufa Rutan
952:Murong Yun
931:Murong Lin
920:Murong Bao
855:Former Qin
845:Murong Wei
840:Murong Jun
826:Former Yan
770:Later Zhao
412:References
288:Qi Wannian
118:Given name
113:Li (李; lǐ)
1542:Qiao Zong
1526:Huan Xuan
1510:Zhai Zhao
1505:Zhai Liao
1498:(388–392)
1471:Murong Yi
1449:(384–394)
1407:(350–352)
1337:(310–376)
1310:Yang Xuan
1300:Yang Ding
1295:Yang Cuan
1289:Yang Tong
1246:(296–443)
1234:Feng Hong
1217:(407–436)
1188:(407–431)
1159:(400–421)
1142:Murong De
1135:(398–410)
1092:(397–460)
1070:Tufa Wugu
1063:(397–414)
1027:(386–403)
1015:Qifu Mumo
993:(385–431)
971:Yao Chang
964:(384–417)
962:Later Qin
947:Murong Xi
908:(384–409)
906:Later Yan
890:Dou Chong
857:(351–394)
828:(337–370)
772:(319–351)
750:Zhang Zuo
735:Zhang Jun
730:Zhang Mao
725:Zhang Shi
719:Zhang Gui
711:(318–376)
656:(304–329)
596:(304–347)
594:Cheng-Han
526:Chang, Qu
386:Pi County
319:Luo Shang
268:Langzhong
256:reign era
243:Luo Shang
235:Cheng-Han
179:Cheng-Han
100:Full name
66:Successor
42:Cheng-Han
40:ruler of
1496:Zhai Wei
1466:Duan Sui
1437:Duan Kan
1283:Yang Shi
1278:Yang Jun
1273:Yang Guo
1268:Yang Chu
1034:Lü Guang
981:Yao Hong
976:Yao Xing
896:Fu Chong
869:Fu Sheng
815:Liu Xian
804:Shi Jian
784:Shi Hong
686:Jin Zhun
675:Liu Cong
663:Liu Yuan
654:Han-Zhao
617:Li Xiong
544:(1084).
378:Jingzhou
370:Lady Luo
335:Li Xiāng
303:Zhao Xin
299:Li Xiáng
251:Li Xiong
219:Xuantong
186:In this
70:Li Xiong
1420:Ran Zhi
1414:Ran Min
1405:Ran Wei
1263:Yang Yi
1244:Chouchi
1229:Feng Ba
1224:Gao Yun
1099:Duan Ye
1051:Lü Long
1046:Lü Zuan
1040:Lü Shao
936:Lan Han
884:Fu Deng
874:Fu Jiān
864:Fu Jiàn
809:Shi Zhi
799:Shi Zun
794:Shi Shi
692:Liu Yao
680:Liu Can
643:Fan Ben
632:Li Shou
520:Jin Shu
366:Sichuan
362:Mianzhu
323:Mianzhu
312:Chengdu
272:Sichuan
208:Chinese
174:Dynasty
1613:W. Xia
1176:Li Xun
1171:Li Xin
1166:Li Gao
789:Shi Hu
779:Shi Le
698:Liu Xi
669:Liu He
637:Li Shi
622:Li Ban
611:Li Liu
340:pinyin
292:Yizhou
247:Yizhou
225:named
221:(玄通),
210::
204:Li Liu
190:, the
33:Li Liu
1557:Shang
879:Fu Pi
627:Li Qi
604:Li Te
284:Qiang
276:Gansu
231:Li Te
60:Li Te
48:Reign
1629:Qing
1625:Ming
1621:Yuan
1609:Song
1605:Liao
1597:Tang
1561:Zhou
404:and
88:Died
80:Born
1637:PRC
1633:ROC
1617:Jīn
1593:Sui
1577:Jìn
1569:Han
1565:Qin
1553:Xia
1335:Dai
1186:Xia
406:Shu
349:Shu
245:in
194:is
91:303
83:248
51:303
1652::
1635:/
1631:→
1627:→
1623:→
1619:→
1615:/
1611:/
1607:/
1603:→
1599:→
1595:→
1591:→
1587:/
1583:→
1579:/
1575:→
1571:→
1567:→
1563:→
1559:→
1555:→
522:).
402:Ba
364:,
280:Di
270:,
212:李流
197:Li
120::
111::
35:李流
1422:)
1418:(
1291:)
1287:(
1124:)
1120:(
1117:)
1113:(
1042:)
1038:(
938:)
924:(
892:)
888:(
817:)
813:(
721:)
717:(
700:)
696:(
688:)
684:(
671:)
667:(
645:)
641:(
613:)
609:(
606:)
602:(
577:e
570:t
563:v
550:.
538:)
534:(
518:(
206:(
200:.
20:)
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