845:(ETS), which cuts, burns, or clamps the thoracic ganglion on the main sympathetic chain that runs alongside the spine. Clamping is intended to permit the reversal of the procedure. ETS is generally considered a "safe, reproducible, and effective procedure and most patients are satisfied with the results of the surgery". Satisfaction rates above 80% have been reported, and are higher for children. The procedure brings relief from excessive hand sweating in about 85–95% of people. ETS may be helpful in treating axillary hyperhidrosis, facial blushing and facial sweating, but failure rates in people with facial blushing and/or excessive facial sweating are higher and such people may be more likely to experience unwanted side effects.
130:
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embarrassing sweat spots under the armpits limits the affected person's arm movements and pose. In severe cases, shirts must be changed several times during the day and require additional showers both to remove sweat and control body odor issues or microbial problems such as acne, dandruff, or athlete's foot. Additionally, anxiety caused by self-consciousness to the sweating may aggravate the sweating. Excessive sweating of the feet makes it harder for people to wear slide-on or open-toe shoes, as the feet slide around in the shoe because of sweat.
78:. Although it is primarily a physical burden, hyperhidrosis can deteriorate the quality of life of the people who are affected from a psychological, emotional, and social perspective. In fact, hyperhidrosis almost always leads to psychological as well as physical and social consequences. People suffering from it present difficulties in professional fields, more than 80% experiencing a moderate to severe emotional impact from the disease and half are subject to
43:
717:. For severe cases of plantar and palmar hyperhidrosis, there has been some success with conservative measures such as higher strength aluminium chloride antiperspirants. Treatment algorithms for hyperhidrosis recommend topical antiperspirants as the first line of therapy for hyperhidrosis. The International Hyperhidrosis Society has published evidence-based treatment guidelines for
1930:
Hornberger, John; Grimes, Kevin; Naumann, Markus; Anna Glaser, Dee; Lowe, Nicholas J; Naver, Hans; Ahn, Samuel; Stolman, Lewis P; Multi-Specialty
Working Group on the Recognition, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Primary Focal, Hyperhidrosis (August 2004). "Recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of primary
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Excessive sweating or focal hyperhidrosis of the hands interferes with many routine activities, such as securely grasping objects. Some people with focal hyperhidrosis sufferers avoid situations where they will come into physical contact with others, such as greeting a person with a handshake. Hiding
848:
ETS side-effects have been described as ranging from trivial to devastating. The most common side-effect of ETS is compensatory sweating (sweating in different areas than prior to the surgery). Major problems with compensatory sweating are seen in 20–80% of people undergoing the surgery. Most people
85:
This excess of sweat happens even if the person is not engaging in tasks that require muscular effort, and it does not depend on the exposure to heat. Common places to sweat can include underarms, face, neck, back, groin, feet, and hands. It has been called by some researchers 'the silent handicap'.
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It is estimated that the incidence of focal hyperhidrosis may be as high as 2.8% of the population of the United States. It affects men and women equally, and most commonly occurs among people aged 25–64 years, though some may have been affected since early childhood. About 30–50% of people have
837:
Sweat gland removal or destruction is one surgical option available for axillary hyperhidrosis (excessive underarm perspiration). There are multiple methods for sweat gland removal or destruction, such as sweat gland suction, retrodermal curettage, and axillary liposuction, Vaser, or Laser Sweat
783:
For peripheral hyperhidrosis, some people have found relief by simply ingesting crushed ice water. Ice water helps to cool excessive body heat during its transport through the blood vessels to the extremities, effectively lowering overall body temperature to normal levels within ten to thirty
191:
hyperhidrosis, which can start at any point in life, but usually presents itself after 25 years of age. Secondary hyperhidrosis commonly accompanies conditions such as diabetes mellitus, Parkinson's disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperpituitarism, anxiety disorder, pheochromocytoma, and menopause.
670:
Symmetry of excessive sweating in hyperhidrosis is most consistent with primary hyperhidrosis. To diagnose this condition, a dermatologist gives the person a physical exam. This includes looking closely at the areas of the body that sweat excessively. A dermatologist also asks very specific
2339:
Yano, Motoki; Kiriyama, Masanobu; Fukai, Ichiro; Sasaki, Hidefumi; Kobayashi, Yoshihiro; Mizuno, Kotaro; Haneda, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Eriko; Endo, Katsuhiko; Fujii, Yoshitaka (July 2005). "Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for palmar hyperhidrosis: Efficacy of T2 and T3 ganglion resection".
800:(FDA). The duration of the beneficial effect in primary palmar hyperhidrosis has been found to increase with repetition of the injections. The Botox injections tend to be painful. Various measures have been tried to minimize the pain, one of which is the application of ice.
671:
questions. This helps the physician understand why the person has excessive sweating. Sometimes medical testing is necessary. Some patients require a test called the sweat test. This involves coating some of their skin with a powder that turns purple when the skin gets wet.
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sweating (less than 25%) and excessive dryness of the palms (sandpaper hands). Some people have experienced cardiac sympathetic denervation, which can result in a 10% decrease in heart rate both at rest and during exercise, resulting in decreased exercise tolerance.
2300:
Gossot, Dominique; Galetta, Domenico; Pascal, Antoine; Debrosse, Denis; Caliandro, Raffaele; Girard, Philippe; Stern, Jean-Baptiste; Grunenwald, Dominique (April 2003). "Long-term results of endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for upper limb hyperhidrosis".
2952:
2937:
880:
Hyperhidrosis can have physiological consequences such as cold and clammy hands, dehydration, and skin infections secondary to maceration of the skin. Hyperhidrosis can also have devastating emotional effects on one's individual life.
817:-based device, has been tried for excessive underarm perspiration and appears to show promise. With this device, rare but serious side effects exist and are reported in the literature, such as paralysis of the upper limbs and
2879:
Higashimoto, Ikuyo; Yoshiura, Koh-ichiro; Hirakawa, Naomi; Higashimoto, Ken; Soejima, Hidenobu; Totoki, Tadahide; Mukai, Tsunehiro; Niikawa, Norio (15 March 2006). "Primary palmar hyperhidrosis locus maps to 14q11.2-q13".
2416:
Kopelman, Doron; Assalia, Ahmad; Ehrenreich, Marina; Ben-Amnon, Yuval; Bahous, Hany; Hashmonai, Moshe (10 December 2000). "The Effect of Upper Dorsal
Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy on the Total Amount of Body Perspiration".
853:." Total body perspiration in response to heat has been reported to increase after sympathectomy. The original sweating problem may recur due to nerve regeneration, sometimes as early as 6 months after the procedure.
872:. The procedure provides temporary relief in most cases. Some physicians advocate trying this more conservative procedure before resorting to surgical sympathectomy, the effects of which are usually not reversible.
828:
as a treatment for palmoplantar hyperhidrosis was originally described in the 1950s. Studies showed positive results and good safety with tap water iontophoresis. One trial found it decreased sweating by about 80%.
1195:
Swartling, Carl; Brismar, Kerstin; Aquilonius, Sten-Magnus; Naver, Hans; Rystedt, Alma; Rosell, Karolina (November 2011). "Hyperhidros – det 'tysta' handikappet" [Hyperhidrosis--the 'silent' handicap].
891:
Some careers present challenges for people with hyperhidrosis. For example, careers that require the use of a knife may not be safely performed by people with excessive sweating of the hands. The risk of
896:
can limit the ability of some to function in extremely hot (especially if also humid) conditions. Even the playing of musical instruments can be uncomfortable or difficult because of sweaty hands.
2501:
Fredman, Brian; Zohar, Edna; Shachor, Dov; Bendahan, Jose; Jedeikin, Robert (August 2000). "Video-assisted
Transthoracic Sympathectomy in the Treatment of Primary Hyperhidrosis: Friend or Foe?".
1626:
1627:"Information for Healthcare Professionals: OnabotulinumtoxinA (marketed as Botox/Botox Cosmetic), AbobotulinumtoxinA (marketed as Dysport) and RimabotulinumtoxinB (marketed as Myobloc)"
709:. However, hyperhidrosis requires solutions or gels with a much higher concentration. These antiperspirant solutions or hyperhidrosis gels are especially effective for treatment of
3088:
1852:
Puffer, Ross C.; Bishop, Allen T.; Spinner, Robert J.; Shin, Alexander Y. (April 2019). "Bilateral
Brachial Plexus Injury After MiraDry Procedure for Axillary Hyperhidrosis".
2375:
Boscardim, Paulo César
Buffara; Oliveira, Ramon Antunes de; Oliveira, Allan Augusto Ferrari Ramos de; Souza, Juliano Mendes de; Carvalho, Roberto Gomes de (February 2011).
796:
type A can be used to block neural control of sweat glands. The effect can last from 3–9 months depending on the site of injections. This use has been approved by the U.S.
1804:
2585:
Wang, Yeou-Chih; Wei, Shan-Hua; Sun, Ming-Hsi; Lin, Chi-Wen (1 September 2001). "A New Mode of
Percutaneous Upper Thoracic Phenol Sympathicolysis: Report of 50 Cases".
1966:
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Excessive sweating affecting only one side of the body is more suggestive of secondary hyperhidrosis and further investigation for a neurologic cause is recommended.
2084:
Steiner, Zvi; Cohen, Zahavi; Kleiner, Oleg; Matar, Ibrahim; Mogilner, Jorge (March 2008). "Do children tolerate thoracoscopic sympathectomy better than adults?".
1640:
Comite SL, Smith K (2015). "Commenting on: "Duration of efficacy increases with the repetition of botulinum toxin A injections in primary palmar hyperhidrosis"".
803:
This was first demonstrated by Khalaf
Bushara and colleagues as the first nonmuscular use of BTX-A in 1993. BTX-A has since been approved for the treatment of
145:
to specific parts of the body. Hands, feet, armpits, groin, and the facial area are among the most active regions of perspiration due to the high number of
3328:
1440:
728:, often taken by mouth, are sometimes used in the treatment of both generalized and focal hyperhidrosis. Anticholinergics used for hyperhidrosis include
172:
hyperhidrosis may be further divided by the area affected, for instance, palmoplantar hyperhidrosis (symptomatic sweating of only the hands or feet) or
3081:
474:
2015:
Bieniek, Andrzej; Bialynicki-Birula, Rafal; Baran, Wojciech; Kuniewska, Barbara; Okulewicz-Gojlik, Danuta; Szepietowski, Jacek C. (April 2005).
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768:, stage performances, special events such as weddings, etc.), taking an anticholinergic medicine before the event may help. In 2018, the U.S.
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1310:
988:
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Percutaneous sympathectomy is a minimally invasive procedure similar to the botulinum method, in which nerves are blocked by an injection of
640:
induced by chronic low-dose mercury exposure, leading to elevated catecholamine accumulation and resulting in a clinical picture resembling
494:
2127:
Dumont, Pascal; Denoyer, Alexandre; Robin, Patrick (November 2004). "Long-Term
Results of Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy for Hyperhidrosis".
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179:
Hyperhidrosis can also be classified by onset, either congenital (present at birth) or acquired (beginning later in life). Primary or
481:) is a common cause of medication-induced secondary hyperhidrosis. Other medications associated with secondary hyperhidrosis include
153:
in particular) in these areas. When excessive sweating is localized (e.g. palms, soles, face, underarms, scalp) it is referred to as
842:
2546:"Infra-stellate upper thoracic sympathectomy results in a relative bradycardia during exercise, irrespective of the operated side"
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Antihydral cream is one of the solutions prescribed for hyperhidrosis for palms. Topical agents for hyperhidrosis therapy include
1517:
218:
or excitement can exacerbate the condition. A common complaint of people is a nervous condition associated with sweating, then
2046:
Henteleff, Harry J.; Kalavrouziotis, Dimitri (May 2008). "Evidence-Based Review of the
Surgical Management of Hyperhidrosis".
1819:
129:
564:
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Prasad, Arun; Ali, Mudasir; Kaul, Sunil (August 2010). "Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for primary palmar hyperidrosis".
1297:
Freedberg, Irwin M.; Eisen, Arthur Z.; Wolff, Klaus; Austen, K. Frank; Goldsmith, Lowell A.; Katz, Stephen I., eds. (2003).
1380:
Reisfeld, Rafael; Berliner, Karen I. (May 2008). "Evidence-Based Review of the
Nonsurgical Management of Hyperhidrosis".
2379:[Thoracic sympathectomy at the level of the fourth and fifth ribs for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis].
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797:
769:
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195:
One classification scheme uses the amount of skin affected. In this scheme, excessive sweating in an area of 100
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find the compensatory sweating to be tolerable while 1–51% claim that their quality of life decreased as a result of
2205:
Reisfeld, Rafael (December 2006). "Sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis: should we place the clamps at T2–T3 or T3–T4?".
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Gross, Katharina M.; Schote, Andrea B.; Schneider, Katja Kerstin; Schulz, André; Meyer, Jobst (19 March 2014).
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Kurta, Anastasia O.; Glaser, Dee Anna (November 2016). "Emerging Nonsurgical Treatments for Hyperhidrosis".
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1480:. Current Problems in Dermatology. Vol. 30. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. pp. 44–47.
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hyperhidrosis or secondary hyperhidrosis. It is usually the result of some other, underlying condition.
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Abraham, P.; Picquet, J.; Bickert, S.; Papon, X.; Jousset, Y.; Saumet, J.L.; Enon, B. (December 2001).
381:
2630:"The impact of hyperhidrosis on patients' daily life and quality of life: a qualitative investigation"
1084:"The impact of hyperhidrosis on patients' daily life and quality of life: a qualitative investigation"
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Loureiro, Marcelo de Paula; Campos, José Ribas M. de; Wolosker, Nelson; Kauffman, Paulo, eds. (2018).
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1262:
Walling, Hobart W. (April 2011). "Clinical differentiation of primary from secondary hyperhidrosis".
1047:
Vary, Jay C. (November 2015). "Selected Disorders of Skin Appendages—Acne, Alopecia, Hyperhidrosis".
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or underarm regions. It takes three to five days to see improvement. The most common side-effect is
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A variety of cancers have been associated with the development of secondary hyperhidrosis including
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Kamudoni, P.; Mueller, B.; Halford, J.; Schouveller, A.; Stacey, B.; Salek, M.S. (December 2017).
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Kamudoni, P.; Mueller, B.; Halford, J.; Schouveller, A.; Stacey, B.; Salek, M.S. (December 2017).
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2377:"Simpatectomia torácica ao nível de 4ª e 5ª costelas para o tratamento de hiper-hidrose axilar"
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2017:"Surgical Treatment of Axillary Hyperhidrosis with Liposuction Equipment: Risks and Benefits"
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Similarly, secondary (generalized) hyperhidrosis has many causes including certain types of
75:
2798:
2462:"Long-term efficiency of endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy: survey 10 years after surgery"
807:(excessive underarm sweating of unknown cause), which cannot be managed by topical agents.
913:
818:
793:
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714:
462:
426:
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764:. For people who find their hyperhidrosis is made worse by anxiety-provoking situations (
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Certain endocrine conditions are also known to cause secondary hyperhidrosis including
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Those with hyperhidrosis may have greater stress levels and more frequent depression.
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Walles, T.; Somuncuoglu, G.; Steger, V.; Veit, S.; Friedel, G. (18 September 2008).
2446:
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2250:"Interrupting the sympathetic outflow in causalgia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy"
2234:
2191:
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in Japan reported that primary palmar hyperhidrosis maps to gene locus 14q11.2–q13.
752:. Use of these drugs can be limited, however, by side-effects, including dry mouth,
17:
3213:
3160:
3150:
2059:
1993:
1916:
1887:
Kreyden, Oliver P (December 2004). "Iontophoresis for palmoplantar hyperhidrosis".
1485:
1393:
1361:"When it comes to Olympic sport climbing, hands are the ultimate 'problem' solvers"
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697:. They have a short-lasting effect. Formaldehyde is classified as a probable human
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683:
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286:
71:
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usually starts during adolescence or even earlier and seems to be inherited as an
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1782:
1575:"Crushed ice ingestion – a practical strategy for lowering core body temperature"
3218:
3185:
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2681:"Elevated Social Stress Levels and Depressive Symptoms in Primary Hyperhidrosis"
893:
761:
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302:
200:
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91:
55:
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1944:
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1653:
1599:
Togel, B (2002). "Current therapeutic strategies for hyperhidrosis: a review".
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121:, in which case they refer to a specific, narrowly defined, clinical disorder.
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Another classification scheme is based on possible causes of hyperhidrosis.
184:
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2571:
2522:
2487:
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2001:
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1456:
1401:
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1166:"Cirugía de la hiperhidrosis (sudor en las manos): procedimiento y precios"
1150:
1119:
1068:
2836:
2430:
2283:
1710:
203:) or more is differentiated from sweating that affects only a small area.
176:(sweating of the face or chest a few moments after eating certain foods).
3293:
3288:
3272:
3255:
3208:
2893:
2859:"Sweaty Hands – International Hyperhidrosis Society | Official Site"
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lotion and topical anticholinergics. These agents reduce perspiration by
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97:
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360:
215:
110:
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1724:
Eisenach, John H.; Atkinson, John L.D.; Fealey, Robert D. (May 2005).
838:
Ablation. Sweat gland suction is a technique adapted for liposuction.
3180:
2941:
1742:
1726:"Hyperhidrosis: Evolving Therapies for a Well-Established Phenomenon"
1725:
1475:
1168:[Hyperhidrosis surgery (sweat hands): procedure and prices].
869:
710:
490:
246:
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2079:
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227:
128:
2334:
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1474:. In Kreyden, Oliver Philip; Böni, Roland; Burg, Günter (eds.).
701:. Contact sensitization is increased, especially with formalin.
239:
223:
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2016:
2503:
Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques
1248:
1441:"Current therapeutic strategies for hyperhidrosis: a review"
973:
Hyperhidrosis: A Complete Guide to Diagnosis and Management
384:(due to postganglionic sympathetic deficit, often seen in
560:
Congenital autonomic dysfunction with universal pain loss
2797:. American Podiatric Medical Association. Archived from
161:. Excessive sweating involving the whole body is termed
1227:
1820:"Treatment of hyperhidrosis with microwave technology"
1472:"Generalized Hyperhidrosis and Its Systemic Treatment"
1135:"Hyperhidrosis and its impact on those living with it"
938:
James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2006).
187:
dominant genetic trait. It must be distinguished from
780:
for the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis.
2919:
133:
Visual scale for the quantification of hyperhidrosis
3281:
3237:
3198:
3169:
3117:
3108:
3018:
2923:
1681:
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
942:
Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology
461:, present in 71% of patients) and various forms of
222:. Other factors can play a role, including certain
49:
35:
1164:Sánchez Amador, Samuel Antonio (9 November 2020).
1544:"Drug Approval Package: Qbrexza (glycopyrronium)"
1133:Lenefsky, Mary; Rice, Zakiya P. (December 2018).
526:In people with a history of spinal cord injuries
275:Idiopathic unilateral circumscribed hyperhidrosis
1477:Hyperhidrosis and Botulinum Toxin in Dermatology
756:, constipation, and visual disturbances such as
271:Primary (focal) hyperhidrosis has many causes.
2747:"Focal hyperhidrosis: Diagnosis and management"
2466:Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery
214:The cause of primary hyperhidrosis is unknown.
1933:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
1642:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
1264:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
3082:
1803:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of March 2024 (
1299:Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine
8:
1965:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1451:(3). National Institutes of Health: 219–23.
1439:Togel B, Greve B, Raulin C (May–June 2002).
2882:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
2819:Cheshire, William P.; Freeman, Roy (2003).
2550:European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
1675:Bushara, K O; Park, D M (1 November 1994).
975:. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
905:another family member affected, implying a
3114:
3089:
3075:
3067:
2920:
1827:Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
1767:"Botulinum Toxin in Primary Care Medicine"
1224:"Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
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595:Associated with systemic medical problems
563:Exposure to cold, notably associated with
41:
32:
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2714:
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1700:
1109:
1099:
933:
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547:Associated with peripheral neuropathies
220:sweat more because the person is nervous
1582:Journal of Military and Veterans Health
925:
571:Associated with probable brain lesions
475:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
1958:
1796:
1329:. International Hyperhidrosis Society.
2861:. International Hyperhidrosis Society
805:severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis
693:, in turn occluding the pores of the
70:in which a person exhibits excessive
7:
2751:Canadian Medical Association Journal
1629:. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
1139:The American Journal of Managed Care
946:(10th ed.). Saunders. pp.
856:Other possible side-effects include
495:nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
324:Gustatory sweating associated with:
2634:Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
1420:International Hyperhidrosis Society
1088:Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
841:The other main surgical option is
74:, more than that required for the
25:
3329:Conditions of the skin appendages
2021:Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica
843:endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy
2599:10.1097/00006123-200109000-00017
2515:10.1097/00129689-200008000-00009
2381:Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
2141:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.03.012
1901:10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00126.x
1765:Felber, Eric S. (October 2006).
1359:Wharton, David (4 August 2021).
1049:Medical Clinics of North America
724:Prescription medications called
2394:10.1590/s1806-37132011000100003
2086:Pediatric Surgery International
1889:Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
1771:Journal of Osteopathic Medicine
1518:"Qbrexza- glycopyrronium cloth"
1445:European Journal of Dermatology
1340:McColl, Sean (2 October 2019).
721:and generalized hyperhidrosis.
2745:Haider, A.; Solish, N (2005).
2303:The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
2129:The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
2060:10.1016/j.thorsurg.2008.01.008
1994:10.1016/j.thorsurg.2016.06.003
1677:"Botulinum toxin and sweating"
1486:10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-00771-8
1394:10.1016/j.thorsurg.2008.01.004
1342:"My hands, my tools, my rules"
1249:"Stedman's Medical Dictionary"
565:cold-induced sweating syndrome
76:regulation of body temperature
1:
2563:10.1016/s1010-7940(01)01002-8
2315:10.1016/s0003-4975(02)04657-x
2248:Schott, G D (14 March 1998).
1818:Jacob, Carolyn (March 2013).
1573:Brearley, Matt (April 2012).
2706:10.1371/journal.pone.0092412
1783:10.7556/jaoa.2006.106.10.609
1550:Food and Drug Administration
1327:"Two Types of Hyperhidrosis"
1172:(in Spanish). Archived from
798:Food and Drug Administration
770:Food and Drug Administration
585:Episodic without hypothermia
137:Hyperhidrosis can either be
2207:Clinical Autonomic Research
278:Reported association with:
3350:
2354:10.1016/j.surg.2005.03.026
1945:10.1016/j.jaad.2003.12.029
1866:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.01.093
1654:10.1016/j.jaad.2014.08.053
1276:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.03.013
1226:. Elsevier. Archived from
1061:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.07.003
580:Hines and Bannick syndrome
264:
2647:10.1186/s12955-017-0693-x
2479:10.1510/icvts.2008.185314
2219:10.1007/s10286-006-0374-z
2176:10.1007/s00464-010-0885-5
2098:10.1007/s00383-007-2073-9
1101:10.1186/s12955-017-0693-x
981:10.1007/978-3-319-89527-7
483:tricyclic antidepressants
425:), and tumors within the
40:
2266:10.1136/bmj.316.7134.792
2048:Thoracic Surgery Clinics
1982:Thoracic Surgery Clinics
1382:Thoracic Surgery Clinics
912:In 2006, researchers at
661:A hot, humid environment
609:Congestive heart failure
2821:"Disorders of Sweating"
1785:(inactive 2024-03-23).
1730:Mayo Clinic Proceedings
1693:10.1136/jnnp.57.11.1437
1145:(23 Suppl): S491–S495.
778:glycopyrronium tosylate
703:Aluminium chlorohydrate
535:Orthostatic hypotension
397:Emotional hyperhidrosis
174:gustatory hyperhidrosis
1931:focal hyperhidrosis".
734:glycopyrronium bromide
366:Thoracic sympathectomy
282:Blue rubber bleb nevus
249:, disturbances of the
134:
119:excessive perspiration
2837:10.1055/s-2004-817724
2825:Seminars in Neurology
2431:10.1007/s005950070006
1470:Böni, Roland (2002).
1416:"Clinical Guidelines"
851:compensatory sweating
551:Familial dysautonomia
530:Autonomic dysreflexia
421:tumors (resulting in
338:Diabetic neuropathies
313:Pachydermoperiostosis
297:Burning feet syndrome
265:Further information:
132:
3100:that are general or
3044:search/Hyperhidrosis
2894:10.1002/ajmg.a.31127
2763:10.1503/cmaj.1040708
515:cholinergic agonists
443:blood sugars are low
370:Auriculotemporal or
18:Palmar hyperhidrosis
2697:2014PLoSO...992412G
772:(FDA) approved the
705:is used in regular
599:Parkinson's disease
511:adrenergic agonists
267:Focal hyperhidrosis
257:, and medications.
181:focal hyperhidrosis
159:focal hyperhidrosis
3098:Signs and symptoms
3019:External resources
2164:Surgical Endoscopy
1854:World Neurosurgery
1554:. 20 November 2018
1176:on 4 December 2020
555:Riley-Day syndrome
423:carcinoid syndrome
392:Harlequin syndrome
318:Pretibial myxedema
135:
27:Excessive sweating
3316:
3315:
3308:Flu-like symptoms
3194:
3193:
3134:of unknown origin
3064:
3063:
2425:(12): 1089–1092.
2383:(in Portuguese).
2260:(7134): 792–793.
1687:(11): 1437–1438.
1524:. 17 January 2022
1495:978-3-8055-7306-1
1366:Los Angeles Times
1312:978-0-07-138066-9
1251:. Wolters Kluwer.
1204:(47): 2428–2432.
990:978-3-319-89526-0
957:978-0-7216-2921-6
858:Horner's Syndrome
754:urinary retention
441:(especially when
439:diabetes mellitus
386:Raeder's syndrome
382:Lacrimal sweating
157:hyperhidrosis or
68:medical condition
61:
60:
30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
3341:
3334:Thoracic surgery
3174:
3122:
3115:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3068:
2921:
2914:
2913:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2774:
2742:
2729:
2728:
2718:
2708:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2659:
2649:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2565:
2556:(6): 1095–1100.
2541:
2535:
2534:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2481:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2309:(4): 1075–1079.
2297:
2288:
2287:
2277:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2170:(8): 1952–1957.
2159:
2153:
2152:
2135:(5): 1801–1807.
2124:
2118:
2117:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1964:
1956:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1824:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1802:
1794:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1745:
1743:10.4065/80.5.657
1721:
1715:
1714:
1704:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1579:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1301:(6th ed.).
1294:
1288:
1287:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1055:(6): 1195–1211.
1044:
1025:
1024:
1023:on 18 June 2015.
1019:. Archived from
1009:
1003:
1002:
968:
962:
961:
945:
935:
909:predisposition.
776:anticholinergic
726:anticholinergics
642:pheochromocytoma
623:Menopausal state
455:pheochromocytoma
451:hyperpituitarism
415:pheochromocytoma
251:endocrine system
101:can mean either
45:
33:
21:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3277:
3233:
3190:
3170:
3165:
3118:
3104:
3095:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3014:
3013:
2932:
2918:
2917:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2864:
2862:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2802:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2744:
2743:
2732:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2299:
2298:
2291:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2083:
2082:
2075:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2014:
2013:
2009:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1957:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1795:
1777:(10): 609–614.
1764:
1763:
1759:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1496:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1424:
1422:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1313:
1305:. p. 700.
1296:
1295:
1291:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1233:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1046:
1045:
1028:
1013:"Hyperhidrosis"
1011:
1010:
1006:
991:
970:
969:
965:
958:
937:
936:
927:
922:
914:Saga University
902:
878:
835:
819:brachial plexus
794:botulinum toxin
790:
766:public speaking
715:skin irritation
707:antiperspirants
680:
668:
523:
471:
463:thyroid disease
435:
427:thoracic cavity
407:
372:Frey's syndrome
269:
263:
212:
127:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3347:
3345:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3321:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3175:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3125:
3123:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3102:constitutional
3096:
3094:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3046:
3035:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3000:
2989:
2978:
2964:
2949:
2933:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:Classification
2916:
2915:
2888:(6): 567–572.
2871:
2850:
2831:(4): 399–406.
2811:
2786:
2730:
2671:
2620:
2593:(3): 628–636.
2577:
2536:
2509:(4): 226–229.
2493:
2452:
2408:
2367:
2328:
2289:
2240:
2213:(6): 384–389.
2197:
2154:
2119:
2092:(3): 343–347.
2073:
2054:(2): 209–216.
2038:
2027:(4): 212–218.
2007:
1988:(4): 395–402.
1972:
1939:(2): 274–286.
1922:
1895:(4): 211–214.
1879:
1844:
1810:
1757:
1736:(5): 657–666.
1716:
1667:
1632:
1618:
1601:Eur J Dermatol
1591:
1565:
1535:
1509:
1494:
1462:
1431:
1407:
1388:(2): 157–166.
1372:
1351:
1332:
1318:
1311:
1289:
1270:(4): 690–695.
1254:
1240:
1215:
1200:(in Swedish).
1198:Läkartidningen
1187:
1156:
1125:
1074:
1026:
1004:
989:
963:
956:
924:
923:
921:
918:
901:
898:
877:
874:
834:
831:
792:Injections of
789:
786:
738:glycopyrrolate
679:
676:
667:
664:
663:
662:
659:
653:
647:
646:
645:
634:
629:
624:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
593:
592:
591:
586:
583:
574:Episodic with
569:
568:
567:
561:
558:
545:
544:
543:
539:Posttraumatic
537:
532:
522:
519:
470:
467:
459:adrenal glands
457:(tumor of the
434:
431:
406:
403:
402:
401:
400:
399:
394:
389:
378:Miscellaneous
376:
375:
374:
368:
363:
355:
350:
340:
335:
330:
322:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
294:
292:POEMS syndrome
289:
284:
276:
262:
259:
211:
208:
151:eccrine glands
126:
125:Classification
123:
59:
58:
53:
47:
46:
38:
37:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3346:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:Miscellaneous
3280:
3274:
3271:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3197:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Hyperhidrosis
3154:
3152:
3149:
3145:
3144:postoperative
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3092:
3087:
3085:
3080:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3056:
3055:Hyperhidrosis
3052:
3051:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3021:
3017:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2875:
2872:
2860:
2854:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2801:on 2013-05-10
2800:
2796:
2795:"Sweaty Feet"
2790:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2691:(3): e92412.
2690:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2624:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2419:Surgery Today
2412:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2011:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1607:(3): 219–23.
1606:
1602:
1595:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1566:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1466:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1336:
1333:
1328:
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3139:drug-induced
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2757:(1): 69–75.
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890:
886:
883:
879:
867:
860:(about 1%),
855:
847:
840:
836:
823:
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791:
782:
750:benzatropine
723:
695:sweat glands
684:formaldehyde
681:
673:
669:
632:Compensatory
627:Night sweats
604:Fibromyalgia
472:
436:
408:
328:Encephalitis
287:Glomus tumor
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147:sweat glands
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103:perspiration
102:
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63:
62:
3219:Cancer pain
3186:Hypothermia
3110:Temperature
3028:MedlinePlus
2387:(1): 6–12.
1860:: 370–372.
1588:(2): 25–30.
1303:McGraw-Hill
1180:23 November
894:dehydration
762:cycloplegia
576:hypothermia
469:Medications
303:Trench foot
299:(Gopalan's)
168:Primary or
163:generalized
139:generalized
92:diaphoresis
56:Dermatology
3323:Categories
3303:polydipsia
3299:Polyphagia
3229:Tenderness
3199:Aches and
3050:Patient UK
2993:DiseasesDB
2865:2017-08-17
2805:2017-08-17
2640:(1): 121.
1833:(1): 2–8.
1648:(1): 201.
1558:1 November
1528:2 November
1425:2024-07-20
1346:CBC Sports
1234:2015-04-01
1170:Estilonext
1094:(1): 121.
920:References
824:Tap water
788:Procedures
742:oxybutynin
699:carcinogen
688:denaturing
636:Infantile
507:anxiolytic
497:(NSAIDs),
487:stimulants
479:sertraline
447:acromegaly
255:infections
111:synonymous
105:(in which
80:depression
3266:of muscle
3251:Lassitude
3039:eMedicine
3009:312230002
3004:SNOMED CT
999:215522371
876:Prognosis
862:gustatory
815:microwave
784:minutes.
758:mydriasis
678:Treatment
666:Diagnosis
655:Vigorous
638:acrodynia
589:Olfactory
499:glyburide
433:Endocrine
419:carcinoid
361:abscesses
353:Parotitis
308:Causalgia
199:(16
189:secondary
185:autosomal
143:localized
109:they are
51:Specialty
3294:Anorexia
3289:Cachexia
3273:Asthenia
3256:Lethargy
3209:Headache
2910:43382712
2902:16470694
2845:15088261
2781:15632408
2725:24647796
2685:PLOS ONE
2666:28595584
2615:25964524
2607:11523673
2572:11717010
2531:31327456
2523:10961751
2488:18826967
2447:23980585
2439:11193740
2403:21390426
2362:16003315
2323:12683540
2235:24177139
2227:17083007
2192:14844101
2184:20112111
2149:15511477
2114:26037254
2106:17999068
2068:18557593
2033:16356393
2002:27692197
1953:15280848
1909:17166108
1874:30703585
1839:24049923
1791:17122031
1752:15887434
1662:25497933
1613:11978559
1522:DailyMed
1504:12471697
1457:11978559
1402:18557589
1284:21334095
1210:22468383
1151:30589248
1120:28595584
1069:26476248
711:axillary
657:exercise
652:diseases
509:agents,
411:lymphoma
347:shingles
236:caffeine
232:nicotine
115:sweating
98:hidrosis
72:sweating
3261:Atrophy
3243:fatigue
3239:Malaise
3224:Myalgia
2987:D006945
2716:3960246
2693:Bibcode
2657:5465471
2342:Surgery
2284:9549444
2275:1112764
1917:8088671
1711:7964832
1702:1073208
1111:5465471
907:genetic
833:Surgery
811:miraDry
774:topical
691:keratin
650:Febrile
619:Obesity
614:Anxiety
503:insulin
491:opioids
477:(e.g.,
473:Use of
358:Parotid
261:Primary
216:Anxiety
155:primary
3181:Chills
3033:007259
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513:, and
405:Cancer
247:cancer
240:smells
238:, and
228:drinks
210:Causes
3201:pains
3129:Fever
2962:780.8
2906:S2CID
2611:S2CID
2527:S2CID
2443:S2CID
2231:S2CID
2188:S2CID
2110:S2CID
1913:S2CID
1823:(PDF)
1578:(PDF)
1552:(FDA)
1548:U.S.
995:S2CID
719:focal
224:foods
170:focal
141:, or
117:) or
113:with
107:sense
89:Both
66:is a
3301:and
3241:and
3172:cold
3120:heat
2998:6239
2982:MeSH
2968:OMIM
2957:9-CM
2898:PMID
2886:140A
2841:PMID
2777:PMID
2721:PMID
2662:PMID
2603:PMID
2568:PMID
2519:PMID
2484:PMID
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2102:PMID
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2029:PMID
1998:PMID
1967:link
1949:PMID
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1870:PMID
1835:PMID
1805:link
1787:PMID
1748:PMID
1707:PMID
1658:PMID
1609:PMID
1560:2022
1530:2022
1500:PMID
1490:ISBN
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1398:PMID
1307:ISBN
1280:PMID
1206:PMID
1182:2020
1147:PMID
1116:PMID
1065:PMID
985:ISBN
952:ISBN
950:–8.
813:, a
760:and
226:and
95:and
2953:ICD
2947:R61
2938:ICD
2890:doi
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