Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway

1859:

laid out the infrastructure (streets, sewerage, gas works) to support a small town. Initial hopes that Silloth would be a second Liverpool were soon replaced by hopes of it becoming a second Southport. As early as June 1858 houses (including one "well calculated for a Family Hotel or Boarding House") were being advertised for sale or to let with the claim that Silloth had "the mildest and most genial atmosphere of any place in the Kingdom, with the exception of Torquay" The railway promoted Silloth as a destination for Sunday School (and works) outings and offered the general public of Carlisle cheap trips to Silloth on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and ('for the working classes') Saturday afternoons. With the opening of the Waverley Route and lease of the Silloth companies by the NBR, Silloth was promoted heavily by the NBR as a destination for trips and as a holiday resort: "The temperature at Silloth, it has been ascertained, is fully as high as some of the most favoured watering places in the South of England, and for people whose systems require strengthening it is far superior to any place on the east coast, and is equal to any of the much lauded bathing quarters on the Clyde. Lodgings are easily got, and are far from being high charged; and therefore to those who are not over-burthened with cash, it is a very desirable spot. The North British Railway Company, much to their credit, have reduced the fares to Silloth so low that the expense of travelling is a mere trifle. At present return tickets extending over a month are issued from Hawick at the small sum of 6s 1d, and just now, in consequence, the number of visitors from here is very great, and all who have been there speak well of it; there is every likelihood that there will be a large addition of visitors next season." enthused the

1801:') began running at the start of July 1862. The Border Union crossed the Caledonian main line at Kingmoor and joined the Port Carlisle line half a mile north of Canal goods station. NBR passenger trains ran into Citadel station, exercising NBR running powers over both a short section of the Port Carlisle line and the connecting Caledonian branch (both doubled to accommodate main-line traffic). Canal was used as the NBR goods station and Silloth passenger trains still ran to it because the act of Parliament giving North British running powers over the Caledonian curve into Citadel station allowed the Caledonian to charge at a rate which choked off goods and short-haul passenger traffic. In 1864, the NBR therefore proposed to build its own extension from Canal to Citadel. Opposing the bill, Caledonian witnesses said that they had never been asked by the NBR to reduce their tolls, which they would be happy to do; when the NBR rejected the offer as they wanted independent access the Bill was thrown out. After further negotiation on the reduction of tolls, from 1 July 1864 Silloth trains ran into Citadel, rather than Canal. In 1865 the NBR obtained an act of Parliament to construct their own line into Citadel, but this was for goods traffic only. This line was never built: eventually the project was overtaken by a more fundamental rearrangement of Citadel which included avoiding lines to allow goods traffic to bypass the station which claimed (with a higher priority) the land the NBR link would have occupied. 1281:

from the Newcastle and Carlisle to correctly set up points and crossings was the new railway opened (for goods traffic on 22 May 1854 and passenger traffic on 22 June 1854). There was no opening ceremony – the morning train from Carlisle carried twelve passengers, the afternoon train fifty. Steamer services between Liverpool and Port Carlisle resumed at the end of July 1854 but were soon taken off: a steamer bought for Liverpool-Silloth service attempted a regular service to Port Carlisle in 1856, but initially could not reliably reach Port Carlisle. The line was single throughout and followed the alignment of the canal throughout except at Kirkandrews where a curve avoiding low-lying ground was smoothed out by building an embankment. The route was therefore broadly level except for short sharp gradients corresponding to the six former canal locks, but had unusually tight curves for a railway. Trains did not run into Citadel station (at this point there was no rail connection) but into Canal station on the site of the former canal basin in Caldewgate. There was an intermediate station at Burgh; request stops at Kirkandrews and Glasson opened shortly afterwards. The new railway was initially worked with a single locomotive and a single train by the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, but the company acquired a tank engine of its own late in 1855, a second (tender) engine being purchased in 1856.

1336:

survey of the navigation to Port Carlisle. The survey as published eulogised Silloth Bay - there was more than enough water in the Solway channels for a battleship to reach Silloth Bay and to ride there 'at all times and at all seasons' and was much more guarded about navigation from there to the canal entrance: 'The navigation ... although easy, is in narrow channels, and, from the constant shifting of the banks, renders it necessary to keep a vigilant eye and shift the buoys as required. It ... requires the watchful eye of the careful pilot, who is constantly traversing it, to be fully competent to master it, and carry his ship through safely, or handle her in a seaman-like manner, if he gets her into difficulties; but two or three trips up and down, if the channel be steady, would qualify to pilot.' In April 1852, the directors minuted that the conversion of the canal to railway should have in view its ultimate extension to Silloth Bay "the natural, and in every other respect, the most desirable terminus of the line, and the most eligible port for Carlisle" as shown by the 1847 investigation. One of the inducements to canal shareholders to agree to conversion was that if they refused a bill would be brought forward to build a railway from Carlisle to Silloth and establish a better harbour there.

1057:. c. xiii), was passed in April 1819, and on 12 March 1823 the finished canal opened. It was 11¼ miles long, running from a basin in Carlisle to the Solway Firth at Fisher's Cross, which was renamed Port Carlisle. The depth of water in the canal was 2.6 metres (8 ft 6inches, and at the entrance from the Solway there was 2.75 metres, 9 ft of water, even at neap low tides). A contemporary map shows the course of the canal, with six locks along it; these were 5.7 metres (18 ft 8inches) wide and 22.1 metres (72 ft 6inches) long: and sea-going vessels of up to 100 tons could use the canal to reach Carlisle. Whereas the promoters had projected 70,000 tons a year of merchandise to pass along the canal, and this to generate just under £8,000 annual revenue, about 13,000 tons of merchandise passed along the canal in its first year of operation, generating about £1400 revenue: furthermore it became evident that modifications were needed and £6,000 would have to be borrowed to pay for them. The design of the sea entrance was then found to be defective, and expensive remedial work necessary; by 1826 the company's borrowings were £23,000, and the shareholders authorised the borrowing of another £12,000. 1444:

telegraph installed on the line (in October 1856, aid with dealing with a derailment at Silloth had to be summoned from Carlisle by sending a man on horseback to Port Carlisle.) With the railway complete, work on the facilities at Silloth could begin in earnest. In September 1856 the chairman of the Port Carlisle Railway told Silloth Company shareholders that the two companies must sink or swim together; the Port Carlisle Railway could hardly keep its head above water, and they looked to the Silloth Company "as a man about to be drowned looked to a swimming jacket" but hopefully they would soon "float together into the harbour of prosperity". By May 1857 a jetty had been built into deep water, and the steamer service from Liverpool went to Silloth, rather than Port Carlisle. The foundation stone of the dock was laid in August 1857 by Sir James Graham; the completed "Marshall Dock" (a 4-acre (1.4 ha) wet dock) opening two years later on 3 August 1859. The Silloth companies contracted with the North British Railway to supply the rolling stock to work the line, at the same time selling to the NBR the lines' existing rolling stock.

1484:, had promoted projects which would allow it to reach Newcastle, Hexham and Carlisle and had entered negotiations with the North Eastern about a possible amalgamation. The N&C, alarmed by this, had negotiated agreements with the North Eastern which gave the latter control over freight rates charged on the N&C. Whilst the N&C had been independent, the all-rail route for Newcastle-Liverpool goods traffic (via York and Normanton over the NER) had not been competitive on price with sending the goods over the N&C to a Solway port and then by steamer to Liverpool. On gaining control, the NER effectively closed the N&C to this traffic. Exports of Tyne coal and coke from the Solway ports had also decreased substantially: although large amounts of Tyne coal and coke were still sent to West Cumbria, this was mostly for use in iron- and steel-works and the coal exported via the 4-acre wet dock at Maryport opened in 1857 was overwhelmingly from local mines. 1815:

between Liverpool and Lancashire and the districts to the north and west … is very extensive indeed. The trade between Belfast… and other ports of Ireland and these districts is also extensive… So far as regards Liverpool at any rate, it would have been perfectly competent for other railway companies possessing the intervening route by railway… to prevent the participation of the North British Company in its just and fair share of that large traffic between Liverpool and the districts I have mentioned. Had the North British Company been unable to take an independent route of its own, uncontrolled by the railway companies, it would have been extremely difficult to have obtained a fair share of the traffic; and in respect to Ireland, if there had been no means of forwarding the traffic which may arrive at Carlisle and Silloth from the North British system, we should have been deprived of our fair share of the traffic which flows naturally between the two countries

1782:

crossed by a viaduct of 80 30-foot spans with a 36-foot opening span provided to allow the passage of small craft to the upper Solway (chiefly to Port Carlisle); the Board of Trade however objected to so major an obstruction to tidal flows and required a 50-foot opening span to allow the passage of steam tugs. The promoters accepted both objections at first, but the bill of 1867 made no provision for an opening span, the promoters arguing that the traffic of Port Carlisle was negligible and should not be allowed to compromise the viaduct design. This argument won the day; although the Board of Trade confirmed its earlier stand that the traffic of Port Carlisle was not negligible, Parliament was persuaded that it was insignificant in comparison to the projected traffic over the viaduct and as built the viaduct made no provision for ships to pass through it; this ended any commercial use of the harbour at Port Carlisle.

1820:

Coast traffic as well. Coastal steamers were competitive with railways on price, and there were therefore traffic-sharing and price-fixing arrangements between railways and coastal steamship companies for traffic down both sides of Britain (East Coast railways with North Sea steamers; West Coast railways with Irish Sea steamers). The NBR, however, was not party to the West Coast & Irish Sea agreement and could therefore undercut it and develop considerable trade from the East of Scotland (e.g. Dundee) to Liverpool via Silloth, both lucrative in itself and a useful means to exert pressure on the West Coast Companies; the L&NWR duly offered to relax its blockade on NBR freight arriving at Carlisle if the aggressive pricing of the Silloth route stopped. The Silloth route lost its importance for bargaining in 1876 with the completion of the

1789:, the SJR had great difficulty in attracting funding and construction was only completed after the Caledonian had injected £60,000 into it as 5% Preference shares, and the SJR had abandoned its original intention to run from Bowness to Brayton independently of the Silloth railway. Instead the SJR ran from Bowness to a junction with the Silloth line at Kirkbride; from there to Abbey the existing Silloth line was used (the SJR exercising running powers agreed with the NBR when the NBR was not yet aware of the Caledonian's involvement); at Abbey Junction the SJR left the Silloth line and ran on its own rails to Brayton. The NBR did not secure running powers over the Abbey-Brayton section of the SJR, and the Caledonian had sufficient hold on the SJR (which eventually amalgamated with it in 1895) to ensure that it never did. 1089:"it often happened that the navigation was stopped for six, seven, or nine weeks together by the prevalence of adverse winds"; this problem had held back the use of the canal for valuable goods (where the cost of adequate buffer stocks would be prohibitive) but was now obviated by a weekly steam packet service to and from Liverpool. This was not a complete solution: the canal had not been designed to take steamships, there was not enough depth of water at low tide at the harbour mouth to keep large steamships afloat, and the heavy machinery in steamships made them much less tolerant of grounding when the tide went out. The company therefore sought an act of Parliament authorising the construction of a ' 1533:... for every £ of share capital paid up £4 has been borrowed' and borrowed not against the company's assets but on the private security of the directors': were the directors also going to meet the £10,000 of interest due every year? A quarter of a million pounds had been spent, and for what? 'Locomotives, carriages and waggons all sold to another company, there remain thirteen miles of railway, three indifferent station-houses, a large dock almost destitute of shipping, with its western wall so damaged as to excite apprehensions for its safety, and an excellent jetty. This is the "accomplished fact" which has been ushered into the world with so many loud huzzas. 1868:

baths, a reading room of papers, to which some Scotch papers, by the way, might very suitably be added, a few bathing coaches, some cricket playing, and above all, there is the beautiful scenery of the bay, and the Dumfriesshire hills on the other side, beyond which the setting sun often departs in great beauty." Silloth was successfully launched on its career as a holiday resort, but it underwent little further development and remained smaller than many villages. Although in 1901 it had more lodging houses than either Windermere or Keswick, when a new parish was created in 1872 to cover the new town, the population was estimated to be 1365.

1424:

provision for linking Carlisle and Tyneside with the Irish Sea and the bill failed after an independent survey failed to confirm the presence of a deep-water channel close inshore at the intended dock location (immediately south of the Cote lighthouse). In 1855, the Bill was again submitted; the proposed dock location was now about three-quarters of a mile further south (and was therefore now outside the shelter of Silloth Bay). This time the committee decided that the Silloth line was insufficiently close to the Maryport line to be regarded as a competitor: the bill authorising the

1689: 1643: 1557: 1364: 1189: 1459:, initially no worse than neutral on the project, began to object to the effective expropriation of the Canal Company assets, then widened its criticism to what it saw as other instances of disingenuity and want of candour on the part of the promoters. Its most fundamental criticism was that it was of little concern to the Silloth promoters whether the project would pay a dividend, as long as it reduced costs for Carlisle-based manufacturers. After the rejection of the 1854 Bill, a leading advocate of the Silloth project alleged that the editor of the 1601:

spent at Silloth on streets, sewerage, gasworks, hotel, and baths – all things helping the formation of a seaside resort, but none of them things on which expenditure was authorised by the act of Parliament incorporating the company. Without hearing witnesses opposed to the branch, the committee rejected the bill. Cross-examination of company witnesses had been used to explore the extent to which Silloth directors had persistently used their personal wealth to circumvent the requirements and limits of the company's act of Parliament, and the

1507:

They similarly denied accusations that the charge of 11d per ton for the use of their one-and-a-half-mile Canal branch (the only connection the Silloth companies then had with other railways) were deliberately set so high as to choke off goods traffic onto the Silloth system. In 1857 the Caledonian Railway announced its intention to introduce a Bill to make a branch connecting to the Port Carlisle Railway, to allow it and/or the Lancaster and Carlisle to negotiate running powers over the Port Carlisle and Silloth railways (and

1846:

a tidal harbour. Informed that the repair of the existing dock would mean the closure of the harbour for two years, the North British board decided to instead build a new and larger wet dock behind the old dock, which would then serve as a tidal entrance basin. The Silloth and Port Carlisle companies were amalgamated with the NBR by an act of Parliament of 12 August 1880 and construction of the new wet dock began in 1882. The work (and financing) of this was carried out in parallel with the construction of the second

1081:; more accurately at Blenkinsopp Colliery. Coal from pits at Midgeholme and Blenkinsop could now be delivered to Carlisle by railway, and the import of coal to Carlisle by the canal (one of the initial reasons for its construction) was no longer economic. However an extension of the N&CR from London Road Junction to the canal basin opened on 9 March 1837, giving the possibility of using the canal for outward shipment of coal (including, after the completion of the N&CR as far as 1028:

never entirely forgotten). The project lapsed, but was revived in 1817 when lack of cheap water transport was thought to be stifling the development of industry in the city; a number of cotton mills had been established in Carlisle, and the owner of the biggest of these reported in 1817 that he was spending £10,000 a year on land transport (and hoped that a canal would halve his transport costs). By August 1818, the inhabitants of Carlisle had subscribed for £30,000 of shares;

1511:), and to allow it to enter into an agreement with the Port Carlisle and Silloth railways to work those lines. The Port Carlisle and Silloth railways objected to the provision for the Caledonian to work them; once this was removed the Bill passed (28 June 1858): the Caledonian then offered to prioritise construction of the branch (and do the Port Carlisle & Silloth railways other good turns), provided only that they should cease to oppose the Caledonian's Carlisle- 961:

intended access, so the NBR leased the Port Carlisle and the Silloth companies, and connected with them at the Port Carlisle's station in Carlisle. The NBR sent goods traffic for English destinations on to Silloth and by coastal shipping from there, by-passing the competing companies' obstruction. Irish and other destinations were served as well, and the maritime trade developed well. The NBR also improved Silloth as a holiday resort, and it became popular.

1503:) gave the prospect of routing Edinburgh/Leith–Liverpool goods traffic through Silloth. The Silloth railways were originally (1857) to build a line to Rockliffe to meet the Border Union, but this was later (1858) varied:the NBR would build the line from Rockliffe to join the PCR with the Silloth companies subscribing for £300,000 of shares; this in its turn was varied; not the companies, but their directors were to subscribe for the shares. 914: 758: 513: 889: 418: 1596:

around Mealsgate, and to raise another £180,000 by preference shares and borrowing. The Maryport and Carlisle Railway would have welcomed the branch if it had gone no further than a junction with the M&C at Leegate, but regarded its continuation to Mealsgate as an invasion of their territory, and accordingly opposed the bill, offering to introduce a bill of their own in the next parliamentary session for

844: 740: 648: 619: 407: 308: 267: 230: 201: 1290: 813: 747: 502: 400: 208: 1929:; passenger traffic on the Silloth line was indicated for withdrawal. Passenger use was minimal except during the few weeks of the summer holiday period. It was argued that only the rail link could handle the peak traffic, but the Silloth line closed on 7 September 1964, triggering a mass demonstration, a sit-in on the track and other manifestations of hostility as the last trains operated. 1246: 820: 655: 597: 495: 315: 285: 277: 259: 237: 179: 871: 864: 626: 791: 718: 696: 674: 590: 568: 546: 473: 451: 378: 356: 334: 855: 1756:

borrowing in excess of the amount authorised by the act, the other half to be redeemed by the issue of preference stock the dividend on which would be paid from the rent of the line. The requisite acts of Parliament were obtained, despite scathing comments ("The North British Company are the best hands in the world that I know of for making bad bargains") from

1769: 1716: 1319: 1238: 1306:, it had not produced the cost savings hoped for. In 1863 the "New Dandy" replaced it, and in 1900 "Dandy no. 2" was brought in. Intending passengers at Carlisle were warned that, due to the limited accommodation in the Dandy, they might need to wait at Drumburgh for a second journey by the Dandy if the first was full. 2193:

This, rather than any comparison of facilities, lay behind the description of Siilloth as "the Torquay of the North". Modern data as presented by the UK Met Office would suggest the climate of Silloth, whilst better than that of local rivals (or the East coast of Scotland), is comparable with that of

1885:

set up an artillery range south of Silloth in 1886 for test firing of smaller-calibre ordnance before fitting to warships built at their works on Tyneside. The firing position was on the seaward side of Blitterlees Bank, and the range ran south-westward, parallel to the coast. The range was served by

1609:

disclosed such a state of reckless management and pecuniary insolvency that we may assume the Committee deemed it high time to stop the parties from adding to their misfortunes and difficulties it shows the exact position in which the Company, or rather, the Directors and Manager of the company, now

1600:

to serve the Mealsgate collieries. At the committee hearing on the Silloth company's bill, counsel for the company admitted it was insolvent, and the secretary of the company said that 'it was no secret' that borrowings had exceeded that authorised by Parliament, and that thousands of pounds had been

1280:

The canal had already closed on 1 August 1853, in hopes of completing the conversion by 8 February 1854. However, the contractor carrying out the conversion lacked urgency and railway expertise; only after borrowing an engineer from the Lancaster and Carlisle to manage the job and permanent way staff

1130:

in 1846 gave the possibility of reliable rail transport of high-value goods from Liverpool to Carlisle (with the L&C offering a substantial rebate for exclusivity). For passenger transport to Liverpool, steamers were still cheaper than railways, but travel via Maryport was four hours quicker than

1088:

There was a greater depth of water at the entrance to the canal than at the entrance to Maryport harbour, but the problems of navigation in the upper Solway meant that sailing ships were more dependent on favourable winds to reach Port Carlisle. The annual shareholders' meeting in 1826 was told that

1845:

was suggesting. However, in April 1879, the wall failed, dislodging one of the dock gates, and blocking the entrance to the dock with fallen masonry. The Silloth steamers ran temporarily from Maryport, whilst the failed gate and masonry were removed, after which Silloth returned to operation, but as

1814:

It was because the Port of Carlisle and Silloth railways afforded an independent access to Liverpool and to Ireland that the North British directors were anxious to possess those railways and those ports. The trade between Liverpool and Carlisle, the trade between Liverpool and Dundee, and the trade

1750:

The Port Carlisle line was leased for £3,100 a year; its preference stock became NBR preference stock, its mortgage debt became debentures yielding 3% a year, and its ordinary stock was to get a dividend of 1% (or 3% less than the dividend on NBR ordinary stock if that exceeded 4%) The Silloth lease

1443:

The railway was constructed rapidly, and opened on 28 August 1856 (henceforth a "United Committee" oversaw the operation of both the Silloth and Port Carlisle railways, although they remained distinct companies), but not until 1857 were the intermediate stations at Kirkbride and Abbey opened and the

1326:

The railway fared no better than the canal: an unfriendly analysis of the company's finances showed that in 1855-1856 the company made a profit (before paying interest) of £873 but was due to pay interest of more than £4,000; furthermore the company had unsecured liabilities of over £20,000. Rather

1155:

Because of capital expenditure on remedial engineering, the canal company had accumulated considerable debts; by the 1840s each £50 canal share had associated with it £52 of borrowings, interest on which had to be paid at 4½% before there was any question of a dividend being paid. By 1848, the canal

1151:

at Raven Bank, about 2 km upstream of the canal entrance, but it took time to convince Lord Lonsdale of this and persuade him to remove the jetty at the company's expense; not until the autumn of 1851 was this done, the Carlisle Journal reporting 'the most rapid and beneficial results', but not

1032:

observed that this was done more for the general benefit than for private gain (although it was predicted that the canal would be profitable). The promoters (amongst whom Carlisle's two MPs were prominent) had decided that - even if cost of construction were no object - Fisher's Cross (on the Solway

2174:

Initially this was done via a third party, backed by personal guarantees by directors, since the NBR had no power to operate ships, other than ferries, and parliamentary standing orders forbade railway companies being given such powers; the NBR however obtained the necessary act, but initially only

2140:

The Maryport and Carlisle had initially opposed them, and a fresh bill for the Leegate branch, this time under the auspices of a nominally independent company. The Leegate bill was altered so that the new line went no further than a junction with the M&C at Leegate, and the M&C withdrew its

2130:

Unfortunately it was not long before a CSBR&D annual meeting found that different directors had different recollections of what had been agreed. The Silloth company issued £75,000 of 5% preference shares to its existing shareholders, the dividend on this to be met partly from the NBR dividend;

1937:

The Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company opened its line on 22 June 1854; it closed between Port Carlisle and Drumburgh on 1 June 1932; and the section between Drumburgh and Carlisle closed on 7 September 1964; the final short section from Canal Junction to Canal station closed to passengers on 1

1871:

South of the docks and the main railway there was little development, but what there was served by the railway. A committee seeking to establish a Sea Bathing Institution (as an adjunct to the Cumberland Infirmary) was offered a site in Silloth, but residents and railway shareholders objected that

1819:

The Caledonian and London and North Western railways refused the NBR any share of unconsigned rail traffic for Scotland arriving at Carlisle (and obstructed traffic arriving at Carlisle over the Waverly Route) on the grounds that the NBR was an East Coast Company and not entitled to a share of West

1515:

branch. This failed to detach the Silloth Bay railways from their allegiance to the North British Railway, but the Caledonian went ahead with the construction of the branch ( a sharply curved single-track line from the Caledonian main line three-quarters of a mile north of Citadel station to Canal

1335:

The idea of providing a port for Carlisle at Silloth Bay had been mooted even before the canal had been built, and had grown more attractive as the problems of Port Carlisle became more evident. In 1847, to reassure the Newcastle and Carlisle as potential lessees, the canal company commissioned a

1297:

Once Silloth superseded Port Carlisle, Port Carlisle–Drumburgh became a branch line, and one with little passenger traffic. In 1857 locomotive traction was withdrawn, and horse traction introduced on passenger traffic on the branch. On 23 April 1858, it was reported that "the engines had been saved

1890:

about a mile south of Silloth station. In 1892, the NBR, catering for Scottish holiday-makers, laid out a golf course on much of the inland portion of Blitterlees Bank; The course was leased to the Carlisle and Silloth Golf Club for £1 a year, but non-members had to be allowed to play and the NBR

1506:

The N&C stated they regarded the NBR (and by extension the Silloth system) as hostile, but denied that a reduction (in 1858) of the mileage rates charged for coal if the coal travelled more than 28 miles beyond the N&C was intended to discriminate in favour of Maryport and against Silloth.

1381:

An Act for making a Railway from the Port Carlisle Railway in the Township of Drumburgh to or near to the Coat Lighthouse in Silloth Bag in the Parish of Holme Cultram in the County of Cumberland, and also a Dock and Jetty at Silloth Bay; and for making Arrangements with the Port Carlisle Dock and

1276:

c. cxix) received royal assent on 4 August 1853, having been unopposed. The powers under the 1836 act to create a floating dock at Port Carlisle were not renewed; the act's promoters saw no need to bring to the attention of Parliament the inadequacy of the existing facilities at Port Carlisle, but

1146:

The channel of the Eden moved away from the canal entrance; from May 1849 the Liverpool steamers were unable to approach the port but had to land their passengers at Annan. and there were concerns that even the small boats which could use the canal would soon be unable to enter it from the Solway.

1858:

Its opponents had noted that the western terminus of the Silloth railway was to be built in a rabbit warren, and that there were only three or four farms at Silloth. The CSBD&R bought land north of the site of the docks and the station, levelled and grassed 'the great Sahara of Silloth' and

1809:

The Silloth-Liverpool steamship service had been operated by a company with no formal connection with the Silloth railway, other than overlapping directorates. Its unprofitability had led to the withdrawal of one of the two steamers on the route. The NBR however set up its own line of steamers to

1309:

Track on the Port Carlisle line received little attention for many years, and by 1 January 1899 locomotive haulage of goods trains was considered to be dangerous; the goods service was suspended, resuming with horse traction on 1 May 1899. After remedial work on the track, the branch reverted (4

1027:

The Newcastle–Maryport canal project was abandoned in 1797, and when talk of a canal was revived in 1807, it was a Carlisle-led project aimed at giving cheaper transport of raw materials into Carlisle (although the profitable possibility of the canal forming part of a Newcastle-Irish Sea link was

1867:

was more measured in its praise: "… The place itself is very balmy and equable, the houses cleanly, and the hotels moderate. Here are, it is true, no gardens for vegetables, no public library, and the absence of some other conveniencies that mark our more established resorts; but there are good

1828:

in Carlisle, but the trade through it was still of interest to the NBR; although the Belfast service proved unprofitable and was abandoned there was a daily steamer service to and from Liverpool until October 1918, and a twice-weekly service to and from Dublin which made Silloth one of the major

1755:

assets and borrowings were left to the Silloth company to liquidate: the directors responsible for acquiring assets not covered by the act of Parliament incorporating the company were treated as having personally bought those assets; they were also to assume personal responsibility for half the

1595:

c. cxxxiv) giving it running powers over the N&C's Canal Branch and authorising the issue of another £40,000 of preference stock. In 1861 the Silloth company introduced a bill to build a branch from Abbey, crossing the Maryport and Carlisle at Leegate to serve collieries south of the M&C

1112:

For the time being the canal profited from the railway connection (in July 1838 a dividend of 3% was declared, receipts July 1837–June 1838 being 33% higher than the previous year; in July 1839 a further 24% increase in revenue and a dividend of 4% was announced), The subsequent arrival of other

1781:

was promoted to run from the Caledonian Railway at Kirtlebridge to the Maryport and Carlisle Railway at Brayton, crossing the Solway by a viaduct from Annan to Bowness. Originally, the railway was to be carried on solid embankments as far as the low-water mark on either side, deeper water being

964:

However, from 1879 the NBR made an alliance with the Midland Railway and traffic to England over that line became dominant, and Port Carlisle and Silloth were no longer of strategic value. Local traffic other than the seasonal holiday trade was insignificant and decline was inevitable. the Port

1423:

In 1854 a parliamentary bill was introduced to make a floating dock at Silloth and a railway 12.75 miles long to it, leaving the Port Carlisle line near Drumburgh. The Maryport and Carlisle Railway opposed the Silloth Bay project as intended to create facilities competing with its own adequate

960:

The two railways operated collaboratively, but neither was successful financially and insolvency seemed inevitable. However the North British Railway (NBR) was building the line that became the Waverley Route from Edinburgh to Carlisle. The established railways at Carlisle obstructed the NBR's

1121:

in 1847 the West Cumbrian ports had the advantage of offering a return cargo: Tyne coal could be shipped via Whitehaven and the emptied waggons used to carry Cumberland iron ore back to Tyneside. In 1848-9 both the Newcastle and Carlisle and the Maryport and Carlisle were under the control of

1524:

The Silloth Bay project was therefore cut off from the traffic which (rightly or wrongly) it had looked to as its source of profit, and had to pin its hopes on the eventual arrival of the Border Union in Carlisle. Commenting on reports of 'bulging' of the seaward wall of the dock, the

1310:

April 1914) to locomotive operation of passenger and goods traffic. A Sentinel steam railcar was introduced on the line in 1929 as an attempt to reduce the cost of passenger train operation, but passenger use was light and passenger services on the branch were withdrawn on 31 May 1932.

1156:

had to reduce its charges to compete with the railways; however once interest was paid, the canal was barely profitable, and its bankers asked for a lien on company property. In 1849 and again in 1850 only 4% could be paid on the company's borrowings. in 1851 only 3%, in 1852 1%.

1298:

running 1,887 miles during 3 months ending 4 April in consequence of running the passengers between Drumburgh and Port Carlisle by horse instead of engine." The first coach was obtained from Bartons of Carlisle, but it was replaced in 1859 by "Dandy no. 1" (now preserved in the

1776:

There was a heavy flow of iron ore from West Cumbria to ironworks in Ayrshire and Lanarkshire, either by sea or by rail via Carlisle. A rail crossing of the Solway well downstream of Carlisle would both shorten the route and avoid the bottleneck of Carlisle; to this end the

1992:

Abbey Junction (station); opened 8 August 1870; closed 1 September 1921; convergence of Solway Junction Railway line from Aspatria; there was an adjacent Abbey Junction station on the Solway Junction line; both were occasionally referred to as Abbeyholme Junction early

1253:

At the height of the canal's prosperity in 1847 (when the gross revenue of the canal was over £9,200) the canal company directors were already investigating the possibility of converting the canal to a railway, and leasing it to the Newcastle and Carlisle: the

1093:' (i.e. not a dock that floated, but a wet dock with lock gates to retain sufficient depth of water that ships in the dock remained afloat) at the canal mouth. The prospect of this (and the fact that some canal company directors were also directors of the 1045:

had been consulted in 1808 and concurred with the choice of Fisher's Cross as the western terminus: 'The shore is here well calculated for an entrance, and the general form of the shores of the Frith promises to keep this point always clear'

1258:

and the Lancaster and Carlisle were also approached as possible lessees. Nothing came of this, but in 1852 (when revenues had dropped to £3,600) the shareholders approved seeking an act of Parliament reincorporating the canal company as the

1452:

Whereas the promotion of the canal had been essentially bi-partisan, this was not the case with the Silloth Bay project. Its chief advocates were the Whig manufacturers of Carlisle and Carlisle corporation, which they controlled. The Tory

2065:

To clarify a potential source of confusion for locals: this was not on the current Canal Street in Carlisle (so named because it led to the canal from the southern bridge over the Caldew) but immediately north-west of the biscuit

1263:

and authorising the conversion and the construction of a dock at Port Carlisle to take large screw steamers. The conversion was to be funded by preference shares taking precedence over existing shares and existing mortgages: The

1077:. c. lxxii), received royal assent in 1829, and the first stretch of railway at the western end (and the first passenger line in Cumbria) opened into Carlisle on 19 July 1836. The temporary eastern terminus of this line was at 2120:

The branch came into use soon after 30 June 1860 and gave the Caledonian access for goods trains to the Silloth system. It is not clear whether the goods trains ran to Port Carlisle, or were simply exchange trips to Canal

1876:

and the sight of sufferers would unsettle other visitors. A secluded site south of the dock on a pre-existing branch line to a salt works was offered instead; patients detrained not at the main Silloth station but at the

1921:

were introduced on the line, replacing steam traction of passenger trains, on 29 November 1954. This was the second introduction of diesel multiple units in the Great Britain, the first having been in the West Riding.

1011:

and Carlisle thus stands at an important point for both north–south and east–west communications. The earliest proposals for an improved link from Carlisle to the sea were as part of a bigger project: a canal linking

998:

about five miles north-west at Sandsfield. The river is not navigable, and the upper Solway is largely sandbanks, but the Eden gives a navigable channel which lies close to the English shore from Sandsfield almost to

1475:

The chairman of the Newcastle and Carlisle had been present at the opening of the railway and promised to do all he could to assist the new enterprise, but by 1859 this friendship had become open hostility. The

1878: 2141:

opposition to this and the other bills. Although authorised, the Abbey-Leegate link was not built: the NBR itself introduced a bill for it in 1864, but this was withdrawn to avoid duplication of the

2047:

The manufacture of silk-cotton ginghams was a speciality of the city; as late as the 1840s petitions for the repeal of duties on raw cotton got signatures from twelve different Carlisle cotton firms

1302:) a four-wheeler built on stagecoach lines, with accommodation for three classes of passenger - built at St Margarets (Edinburgh) by the North British Railway. Used for the winter of 1856 on the NBR 1841:

had reported both an inward bulge of the dock's west wall and bubbling at the dock sill. The company (and its supporters) had responded that neither effect was as severe or as significant as the

1327:

than accept defeat, it was hoped that the construction of a floating dock at Silloth served by a line from Drumburgh on the Port Carlisle railway would transform the fortunes of the company.

49: 1610:

stand with reference to the shareholders, the creditors, and the public. It is evident that Parliament, in future, means to refuse to legalise reckless and wanton expenditure upon objects

1723:

Fortunately, the Border Union Railway was now virtually complete, and in anticipation of this the North British Railway negotiated leases of the two railways in 1861, confirmed by the

1463:

was really in favour of the project, but was forced by a creditor to oppose it, and had admitted as much in front of witnesses. This accusation, vehemently denied, ensured that the

1914:

Silloth was a safe harbour compared with the larger west coast ports which were subject to heavy bombing. The coal hoists at Silloth worked 24 hours a day handling Tyneside coal.

4045: 1070: 1065:

The frequently projected Newcastle-Carlisle canal was never built. Instead the engineer surveying for the best line for a canal recommended that a railway be built: the

1850:, the NBR concentrating its efforts on these two projects. The replacement dock, 50% larger (six-acre rather than four) and costing about £90,000 opened in July 1885. 2184:

Possibly not strictly true, but its construction required the purchase of some of Blitterlees Bank, otherwise known as Blitterlees Common or Blitterlees Rabbit Warren

3005: 950:

was opened in 1854, following the route of a former canal, intended to connect Port Carlisle, to which sea-going ships could navigate, with the city of Carlisle.

42: 1041:'a point of SOLWAY FIRTH, to which Vessels of very considerable Burthen can have Access at all Times, and Anchor in Safety' but this option was not pursued. 1757: 3117: 2376: 1887: 216: 187: 35: 1277:

the directors had already minuted in favour of extension of the line to Silloth; further expenditure on Port Carlisle was therefore thought unwise.

1614:

the act of incorporation the company: all such unauthorised expenditure will therefore have to be borne by the parties by whom it is contracted."

1499:; but transferred their support to the North British Railway's rival project to extend their Edinburgh–Hawick line to Carlisle, since this (the 1882: 1701: 1655: 1569: 1481: 1387: 1201: 1132: 799: 3598: 1148: 1029: 3975: 3705: 2417: 1293:

Dandy no. 1; first and second class passengers sat in the interior; third class passengers sat on the longitudinal benches looking outwards.

1751:(negotiated separately) was for £2,000 a year: Silloth ordinary stock became NBR ordinary stock, its authorised debt became NBR debt. The 1925:

In the early 1960s a major review of the railways of the country was undertaken, and a report was prepared which launched the so-called

3952: 957:

was built as an extension of the Port Carlisle line, opening in 1856, because silting of the Solway was making Port Carlisle unusable.

4050: 2863: 2916: 2888: 2111:

The Silloth companies, with a similar economy of truth, denied any connection with the NBR, other than the prospective physical one

3982:

Hammond, John M. (May 2016) . Peascod, Michael (ed.). "Four Wheels and Four Legs to the Solway The Dandy Cars of Port Carlisle".

1900: 1693: 1647: 1561: 1516:

Junction, immediately north of Canal station), judging it cheaper to build it than to seek parliamentary powers to abandon it.

1368: 1193: 4027: 1066: 1785:

Goods traffic began running over the SJR on 13 September 1869, all services being operated by the Caledonian. Because of the

1127: 1094: 828: 704: 576: 481: 364: 4019: 2095: 2162: 1597: 1114: 1098: 605: 1881:, a wooden platform near the (now-renamed) institution, also referred to informally as 'the Silloth Sanatorium'. In 1886 1428:

with capital of £75,000 for the railway and £80,000 for the dock received its royal assent on 16 July 1855, becoming the

4014: 2308:: lock arrangements at the sea entrance are not shown and may account for the eight locks quoted by some written sources 1966:

Port Carlisle Junction (station); opened July 1863 (although previous unadvertised use is possible); closed 1 July 1864;

1140: 459: 342: 160: 1024:

was later chosen as the planned western terminus in order to avoid the difficulties of navigation in the upper Solway.

1973:

The Carlisle and Silloth Railway and Dock Company opened its line on 4 September 1856 and closed on 7 September 1964.

1118: 1102: 726: 2158: 386: 1948:

Glasson; for some of its existence was served on Saturdays only; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 February 1919;

1090: 1078: 682: 554: 2020: 1415: 1229: 879: 1797:

Through passenger traffic over NBR-controlled lines between Edinburgh and Carlisle (what became known as the '

2142: 1778: 1299: 1050: 634: 521: 426: 294: 1033:

just short of Bowness) was preferable to Maryport as the western terminus of the canal. The inhabitants of

1983:

Causey Head; opened November 1856, served on Saturdays only; renamed Causewayhead 1857; closed April 1859;

1487:

The Silloth directors therefore welcomed a Caledonian Railway project to build a branch from Carlisle to

2981: 1477: 1376: 112: 3587:"Railways and Coastal Shipping in Britain in the Later Nineteenth Century: Cooperation and Competition" 1117:

in 1845 gave an alternative outlet for Tyne coal via the port of Maryport. After the completion of the

1109:. c. lx) was obtained (royal assent 7 June 1836) the 'floating dock' at Port Carlisle was never built. 4009: 1963:; convergence of Waverley Route from Hawick; divergence of Caledonian Railway link to Citadel station; 1455: 3698:

A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume 6, Scotland, the Lowlands and the Borders

1918: 1821: 1500: 1303: 898: 2075: 2084: 1013: 991: 969: 2056:

Tyne coal was preferred by customers, and West Cumbrian coal was regarded as unsuitable for coking

2999: 1255: 2217:

North Country Life in the Eighteenth Century: Volume II - Cumberland and Westmorland 1700 - 1830

3991: 3971: 3948: 3701: 3594: 3113: 2912: 2884: 2859: 2413: 2372: 1904: 1139:

and Carlisle in August 1848 meant that for this traffic Port Carlisle was also competing with

1126:, and Tyne coal was accordingly routed to West Cumbrian ports. The arrival in Carlisle of the 1000: 968:

The Port Carlisle branch from Drumburgh was notable because passenger trains were operated by

3853: 3718:"Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company - 'Blitterlees Common or Rabbit Warren'". 3586: 2299: 2980:

Grainger, Francis; Collingwood, W G, eds. (1929). "'Records : The nineteenth century".

2154: 2131:

consequently the dividend on ordinary shares was not the same as that on NBR ordinary shares

1744: 1732: 1706: 1660: 1592: 1574: 1437: 1392: 1273: 1206: 1106: 2099: 2082:

would have been used to this sort of thing, but done better. He had previously edited the

1847: 1825: 3916:"The Law Courts - Golf Clubs and Income-Tax - Profits on Visitors' Payments Assessable". 1917:

Silloth remained popular as a holiday destination, but the traffic was seasonal. Two-car

1007:, a tributary of the Eden, gives a low-level route via the Tyne Gap to the valley of the 965:

Carlisle line closed to passenger traffic in 1932 and the entire network closed in 1964.

1020:

proposed in the 1790s. This was originally intended to enter the sea at Sandsfield, but

1903:(LNER) as part of the Grouping of the railways of Great Britain in 1923, following the 1798: 1042: 4039: 3779: 2090: 2038:

the above are the titles used in official documents; other names were used informally

1926: 1810:

serve Silloth. The chairman of the NBR explained to share holders the logic of this:

1786: 1123: 1004: 766: 17: 2008:

New Dykes Brow; opened November 1856; served on Saturdays only; closed October 1866;

1986:

Black Dyke; later renamed Blackdyke; served on Saturdays only, daily from May 1928;

1911: 1405: 1289: 1219: 995: 2410:

A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume 14: The Lake Counties

1113:

railways in Carlisle, however, was bad news for the canal. The completion of the

1097:) helped the N&CR to decide against active involvement in the promotion of a 2153:

officially 'for repairs', but soon after her withdrawal she was captured by the

1245: 124: 3591:

On the Move: Essays in Labour and Transport History Presented to Philip Bagwell

3622:"North British Steam Packet Company: Sailings between Silloth and Liverpool". 2855:

Solway Steam: The Story of the Silloth and Port Carlisle Railways, 1854 – 1964

1872:

sea-bathing was the recommended treatment for unsightly skin diseases such as

1152:

until April 1852 were large steamers again able to use Port Carlisle harbour.

1008: 3995: 1249:

Map of Port Carlisle, after 1854, showing the infilled canal and new railway

1082: 1074: 1054: 1017: 943:

There were two interlinked railways on the south shore of the Solway Firth.

1772:

The Silloth lines in 1869 after the opening of the Solway Junction Railway

1583:

In July 1860 the Port Carlisle Company obtained an act of Parliament, the

28: 1873: 1496: 1492: 1136: 1021: 3245:"Special Meeting of the Port Carlisle Railway - The Caledonian Branch". 1768: 1715: 1318: 1237: 1147:

The canal company thought the problem was caused by a jetty erected by

1038: 80: 1739:

North British Railway, Port Carlisle Railway and Dock (Lease) Act 1862

1719:

The Silloth lines in 1861 after the connection with the Waverley route

1676:

North British Railway, Port Carlisle Railway and Dock (Lease) Act 1862

894: 762: 517: 422: 3932:

Railway Passenger Stations in England Scotland and Wales—A Chronology

1512: 1488: 1467:

became not merely a critic of the project, but a committed opponent.

1037:

had urged instead the claims of a canal passing Wigton and ending at

1034: 3901:"Golf: Professional Match at Silloth - J.H.Taylor v Hugh Kirkaldy". 2306:. Cumbria County Council Libraries and Archives Service. 5 May 2005. 1879:

Cumberland and Westmorland Convalescent Institution railway station

1322:

System map of the Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock in 1856

1143:

Waterfoot, a superior Solway anchorage now easily reached by rail.

3336:"Carlisle and Silloth Railway Bill: The Proposed Leegate Branch". 2102:'s "Great Liar of the North" and a skilled traducer of opponents. 1837:

Soon after the opening of the wet (floating) dock at Silloth, the

1767: 1714: 1317: 1288: 1244: 1236: 1131:

via Port Carlisle, and the fare was the same. The opening of the

1085:

in 1838, Tyneside coal and coke for Ireland and Irish Sea ports).

3550:"North British Railway (Steamboats) (Recommitted) Bill (Lords)". 3871:"Railway Intelligence - Carlisle and Silloth Bay Dock Railway". 3490:"North British Railway (Carlisle Citadel Station Branch) Bill". 2945: 2943: 1951:

Drumburgh; closed 4 July 1955; convergence of line from Silloth;

1727:

North British Railway, Silloth Railway and Dock (Lease) Act 1862

1630:

North British Railway, Silloth Railway and Dock (Lease) Act 1862

1945:

Port Carlisle; closed 1 January 1917; reopened 1 February 1919;

4028:

1840 Admiralty chart showing Port Carlisle and the canal, via

3199:"Port Carlisle, Silloth and Newcastle and Carlisle Railways". 2325:; other newspaper accounts give slightly different dimensions 1891:

retained control of the level of 'green fees' paid by them.

2800:"The Carlisle and Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company". 3445:"Dumfries and Cumberland (Solway) Junction Railway Bill". 1938:

July 1864 when passenger trains were diverted to Citadel.

3475:"North British Railway (Carlisle Citadel Station) Bill". 3321:"Carlisle and Silloth Railway Bill: The Leegate Branch". 3179:"The North-Eastern and Newcastle and Carlisle Railways". 1996:

Sleightholme; served on Saturdays only; closed June 1857;

1480:, fearing being hemmed in between the Caledonian and the 2284:"Mr Telford's Report on the intended Cumberland Canal". 1886:

an extension of the saltworks branch to an untimetabled

1605:, feeling amply justified, commented that the evidence: 1241:

System map of the Port Carlisle Dock and Railway in 1854

3194: 3192: 3190: 2002:; divergence of Solway Junction Railway route to Annan; 1899:

The North British Railway was a constituent of the new

1495:

since this would give rail access to the collieries at

3382:"Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company". 3367:"Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company". 3291:"Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company". 3854:"Census 1871 - Counties : County of Cumberland" 3852:

Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons (1872).

3839:

Cumberland Pacquet, and Ware's Whitehaven Advertiser

3535:"Capture of a Carlisle Steamer by the Federalists". 3432:

Cumberland Pacquet, and Ware's Whitehaven Advertiser

1587:

Port Carlisle and Silloth Railway Companies Act 1860

1544:

Port Carlisle and Silloth Railway Companies Act 1860

4010:

Overview of history with several period photographs

3945:

The Railways of Great Britain -- A Historical Atlas

3806:"Carlisle and Silloth and Port Carlisle Railways". 3049:"Passenger Train Running off the Line at Silloth". 2706:"Conversion of the Carlisle Canal into a Railway". 2555:"Scotch Encouragement of the Silloth Bay Scheme!". 2457: 2455: 1989:

Abbeyholme; renamed Abbey; renamed Abbey Town 1889;

1700: 1674: 1654: 1628: 1568: 1542: 1414: 1404: 1399: 1386: 1375: 1349: 1228: 1218: 1213: 1200: 1174: 123: 118: 108: 94: 86: 76: 71: 3970:, Patrick Stephens Limited, Wellingborough, 1990, 3947:, Ian Allan Publishing Limited, Shepperton, 2003, 3860:. Ordered to be printed. p. 63 (footnote h ). 2219:. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 364–5. 1432:Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Act 1855 1351:Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Act 1855 3589:. In Wrigley, Chris; Shepherd, Johnathan (eds.). 2766:"Opening of the Port Carlisle and Dock Railway". 1426:Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company 1071:Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle Railway Act 1829 955:Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company 3934:, The Railway and Canal Historical Society, 2002 3580: 3578: 3576: 3159:"Opening of the Carlisle and Silloth Railway". 1607: 1531: 3112:, Stenlake Publishing Limited, Catrine, 2014, 3064:"Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Docks". 2649: 2647: 3259:according to the chairman of the Caledonian: 2505: 2503: 2228: 2226: 43: 8: 3990:(2). Pinner: Cumbrian Railways Association. 3886:"Important Big Gun Experiments at Silloth". 3410: 3408: 2462:"Select Committee of the House of Commons". 2335:"CARLISLE, Saturday Morning, July 24 1824". 3858:Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons 2194:Blackpool or Southport, rather than Torquay 1049:The canal company's act of Parliament, the 4046:Closed railway lines in North West England 3968:Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies 3430:"Railway Extension from West Cumberland". 3004:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2902: 2900: 2881:The North Berwick and Gullane Branch Lines 2830:"Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company". 2795: 2793: 2751:"Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company". 2686: 2684: 2673:"Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company". 2668: 2666: 2586: 2584: 2568: 2566: 2348: 2346: 1671: 1625: 1539: 1346: 1171: 168: 68: 50: 36: 3700:, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1984, 3276:"The Late Accident to the Silloth Dock". 2412:, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1993, 266: 258: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2479:Ayr Advertiser, or, West Country Journal 2175:for services between Silloth and Belfast 1382:Railway Company; and for other Purposes. 284: 276: 2404: 2207: 2031: 1883:Sir WG Armstrong Mitchell & Company 1268:Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Act 1853 1176:Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Act 1853 1101:. Although the act of Parliament, the 990:The city of Carlisle is located on the 33: 4020:The line with period photographs, via 3918:Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer 3837:"Silloth - Prospects for the Future". 3351:"Lease of the Port Carlisle Railway". 3094:"Laying the Foundation Silloth Dock". 2997: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2384: 1954:Burgh; renamed Burgh-by-Sands in 1923; 1760:the chairman of the Lords committee. 1619:Operation by the North British Railway 1448:Critics and opponents - local politics 1261:Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company 1133:Glasgow, Dumfries and Carlisle Railway 948:Port Carlisle Dock and Railway Company 3733:"Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Bill". 2911:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 2815:"The New Steamboat "Silloth" Again". 2736:"Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Bill". 1416:Text of statute as originally enacted 1230:Text of statute as originally enacted 7: 3593:. A & C Black. pp. 76–103. 3110:The North British Railway: A History 2983:Register and Records of Holm Cultram 2909:The North British Railway (volume 2) 2300:"Greenwood's Map of Cumberland 1823" 1969:Carlisle Canal; closed 1 July 1864. 1285:Decline of the Port Carlisle branch 843: 3696:John Thomas revised J S Paterson, 3038:. London. 17 July 1855. p. 2. 2932:"Port Carlisle Dock and Railway". 2371:, Middleton Press, Midhurst, 2010 2157:when trying to run munitions into 25: 3565:"North British Railway Company". 3306:"Maryport and Carlisle Railway". 3173:full details were exposed by the 2950:"Silloth Railway and Dock Bill". 2429:"Improvements at Port Carlisle". 2367:Roger Darsley and Dennis Lovett, 1829:ports of entry for Irish cattle. 1099:railway from Carlisle to Maryport 3804:series of advertisements headed 1957:Kirkandrews; opened August 1854; 1901:London and North Eastern Railway 1694:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1687: 1648:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1641: 1598:a loop off the M&C main line 1562:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1555: 1369:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1362: 1194:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1187: 912: 887: 869: 862: 854: 853: 842: 818: 812: 811: 789: 756: 746: 745: 739: 738: 716: 694: 672: 653: 647: 646: 624: 618: 617: 595: 588: 566: 544: 511: 501: 500: 493: 471: 449: 416: 406: 405: 399: 398: 376: 354: 332: 313: 307: 306: 283: 275: 265: 257: 235: 229: 228: 207: 206: 200: 199: 177: 4022:Holme St Cuthbert History Group 3671:. 17 September 1879. p. 2. 3667:"Public Companies and Stocks". 3652:"Serious Disaster at Silloth". 3386:. 30 September 1862. p. 3. 3265:. 16 September 1859. p. 9. 819: 654: 596: 494: 314: 236: 178: 3920:. 21 February 1912. p. 9. 3841:. 9 September 1862. p. 6. 3722:. 7 September 1855. p. 4. 3569:. 1 September 1862. p. 4. 3520:"Scotch Bills in Parliament". 3460:"The Trade of Port Carlisle". 3371:. 18 February 1862. p. 3. 3355:. 15 November 1861. p. 9. 3234:. 28 November 1857. p. 8. 3183:. 19 February 1859. p. 6. 3133:. 17 March 1855. pp. 4–5. 3068:. 5 September 1856. p. 6. 2969:. 24 December 1852. p. 3. 2691:"The Carlisle Canal Company". 2677:. 9 September 1853. p. 6. 2433:. 14 November 1835. p. 3. 2323:. 15 March 1823. pp. 2–3. 1160:Port Carlisle Dock and Railway 1128:Lancaster and Carlisle Railway 1095:Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 1067:Newcastle and Carlisle Railway 870: 863: 625: 1: 3890:. 22 January 1886. p. 7. 3626:. 16 October 1918. p. 1. 3023:. 20 January 1855. p. 3. 2965:"Carlisle Canal Navigation". 2883:. Headington: Oakwood Press. 2636:"Carlisle Canal Navigation". 2625:. 7 November 1851. p. 2. 2559:. 9 December 1854. p. 8. 2514:. 21 October 1848. p. 4. 2510:"Carlisle Canal Navigation". 2496:. 8 April 1854. pp. 6–7. 2268:. 1 November 1817. p. 2. 2237:. 11 October 1817. p. 2. 1805:Steamer Services from Silloth 1115:Maryport and Carlisle Railway 790: 717: 695: 673: 589: 567: 545: 472: 450: 377: 355: 333: 4030:National Library of Scotland 3737:. 18 May 1855. pp. 6–7. 3505:"New Railway Arrangements". 3280:. 8 October 1859. p. 5. 3163:. 29 August 1856. p. 8. 3148:. 8 October 1869. p. 5. 3098:. 21 August 1857. p. 5. 3053:. 4 October 1856. p. 5. 2252:. 22 August 1818. p. 2. 1976:Locations on the line were: 1941:Locations on the line were: 986:Construction and early years 3682:"The New Dock at Silloth". 3494:. 26 April 1864. p. 4. 3479:. 22 April 1864. p. 5. 3464:. 15 March 1867. p. 4. 3449:. 21 March 1864. p. 3. 3419:. 24 March 1864. p. 2. 3310:. 16 April 1861. p. 4. 3079:"Screw Steamer "Silloth"". 2936:. 9 August 1856. p. 5. 2879:Hajducki, Andrew M (1992). 2834:. 2 August 1856. p. 8. 2804:. 4 August 1855. p. 6. 2755:. 4 August 1854. p. 6. 2725:. 5 August 1853. p. 2. 2529:. 15 April 1854. p. 6. 2492:"The Silloth Bay Project". 1833:Replacement of Silloth dock 1520:The project in difficulties 1119:Whitehaven Junction Railway 1103:Port Carlisle Dock Act 1836 1061:The railways reach Carlisle 4067: 3905:. 9 April 1896. p. 9. 3875:. 2 March 1860. p. 6. 3810:. 25 June 1859. p. 4. 3768:. 19 June 1858. p. 1. 3752:. 4 March 1859. p. 6. 3656:. 8 April 1879. p. 3. 3641:. 29 July 1887. p. 7. 3554:. 25 July 1863. p. 5. 3340:. 29 June 1861. p. 4. 3325:. 25 June 1861. p. 3. 3295:. 1 March 1861. p. 9. 3249:. No. 6. 5 June 1858. 3230:"The Caledonian Railway". 3219:. 13 July 1861. p. 2. 2986:. Kendal. pp. 259–264 2819:. 19 July 1856. p. 8. 2786:. 14 July 1854. p. 4. 2770:. 24 June 1854. p. 5. 2710:. 10 July 1852. p. 4. 2655:"Carlisle Canal Company". 2606:"Carlisle Canal Company". 2591:"Carlisle Canal Company". 2573:"Carlisle Canal Company". 2466:. 1 April 1854. p. 6. 2339:. 24 July 1824. p. 2. 2233:"Carlisle Canal Meeting". 2159:Charleston, South Carolina 1669:United Kingdom legislation 1623:United Kingdom legislation 1537:United Kingdom legislation 1471:Enemies - railway politics 1344:United Kingdom legislation 1169:United Kingdom legislation 1069:'s act of Parliament, the 4051:Rail transport in Cumbria 3686:. 2 July 1885. p. 4. 3539:. 5 July 1862. p. 4. 3524:. 29 May 1865. p. 7. 3509:. 1 July 1864. p. 4. 3434:. 10 May 1864. p. 6. 3415:"North British Railway". 3401:. 24 May 1862. p. 7. 3203:. 19 May 1860. p. 6. 2954:. 12 May 1855. p. 8. 2858:. Carlisle: Carel Press. 2740:. 11 May 1855. p. 8. 2695:. 9 July 1847. p. 2. 2659:. 9 July 1852. p. 1. 2640:. 8 July 1848. p. 3. 2610:. 6 July 1849. p. 4. 2595:. 6 July 1850. p. 4. 2577:. 9 July 1852. p. 6. 2544:. 2 June 1848. p. 2. 2481:. 4 July 1839. p. 3. 2448:. 9 July 1836. p. 3. 2357:. 8 July 1826. p. 4. 2288:. 10 May 1817. p. 2. 1686: 1681: 1640: 1635: 1554: 1549: 1361: 1356: 1186: 1181: 885: 878: 834: 827: 805: 798: 783: 754: 732: 725: 710: 703: 688: 681: 666: 662: 640: 633: 611: 604: 582: 575: 560: 553: 538: 509: 487: 480: 465: 458: 443: 414: 392: 385: 370: 363: 348: 341: 326: 322: 300: 293: 249: 244: 222: 217:Silloth Convalescent Home 215: 193: 188:Silloth Battery Extension 186: 171: 4015:Line history on RailScot 3780:"UK climate information" 3585:Armstrong, John (1991). 3083:. 8 May 1857. p. 5. 3019:"The Silloth Bay Bill". 2540:"The Victoria Steamer". 2235:Durham County Advertiser 2021:Carlisle railway history 1793:Arrangements at Carlisle 3397:"Local Railway Bills". 3144:"Death of Mr Perring". 3034:"Imperial Parliament". 2852:White, Stephen (1984). 2721:"Imperial Parliament". 2525:"Silloth Bay Project". 2215:Hughes, Edward (1965). 2143:Solway Junction Railway 1824:and the arrival of the 1779:Solway Junction Railway 1764:Solway Junction Railway 1314:The Silloth Bay project 1300:National Railway Museum 1165:Conversion to a railway 1051:Carlisle Canal Act 1819 522:Solway Junction Railway 427:Solway Junction Railway 245:Silloth Docks and Pier 3261:"Caledonian Railway". 3129:"The Irving Scandal". 2782:"Steam to Liverpool". 2280:Carlisle, Feb. 6, 1808 1854:Development of Silloth 1817: 1773: 1720: 1616: 1535: 1323: 1294: 1250: 1242: 972:, lasting until 1914. 800:Port Carlisle Junction 99:Carlisle & Silloth 3764:"To Be Sold or Let". 3684:Shields Daily Gazette 3654:Shields Daily Gazette 2907:Thomas, John (1975). 2088:in opposition to the 2011:Drumburgh; see above. 1919:diesel multiple units 1812: 1771: 1718: 1482:North Eastern Railway 1478:North British Railway 1321: 1292: 1248: 1240: 905:southbound│northbound 18:Port Carlisle Railway 3637:"Silloth Shipping". 3215:"House of Commons". 2078:, the editor of the 1822:Settle-Carlisle line 1501:Border Union Railway 1340:The project executed 1304:North Berwick branch 1003:. The valley of the 899:West Coast Main Line 59:Carlisle and Silloth 3966:Christopher Awdry, 3537:Westmorland Gazette 2250:Westmorland Gazette 2085:Leeds Intelligencer 1014:Newcastle-upon-Tyne 994:, which enters the 970:horse-drawn vehicle 3567:Caledonian Mercury 2621:"Carlisle Canal". 2477:"Carlisle Canal". 2444:"Carlisle Canal". 2369:Carlisle to Hawick 2353:"Carlisle Canal". 2000:Kirkbride Junction 1895:Grouping and after 1774: 1735:c. xlvii) and the 1721: 1324: 1295: 1256:Caledonian Railway 1251: 1243: 981:The Carlisle Canal 87:Dates of operation 3984:Cumbrian Railways 3825:. 15 August 1862. 3786:. (UK) Met Office 3669:Dundee Advertiser 3620:(advertisement): 3600:978-1-85285-060-9 3417:Newcastle Journal 3232:Lancaster Gazette 3177:and reprinted as 3118:978 1 84033 647 4 2723:Morning Chronicle 2377:978 1 906008 85 7 2248:"Canal Meeting". 1905:Railways Act 1921 1745:25 & 26 Vict. 1733:25 & 26 Vict. 1713: 1712: 1707:25 & 26 Vict. 1682:Act of Parliament 1667: 1666: 1661:25 & 26 Vict. 1636:Act of Parliament 1593:23 & 24 Vict. 1581: 1580: 1575:23 & 24 Vict. 1550:Act of Parliament 1438:18 & 19 Vict. 1421: 1420: 1393:18 & 19 Vict. 1357:Act of Parliament 1274:16 & 17 Vict. 1235: 1234: 1207:16 & 17 Vict. 1182:Act of Parliament 1107:6 & 7 Will. 4 1001:Bowness-on-Solway 941: 940: 937: 936: 909: 908: 777: 776: 532: 531: 437: 436: 154: 153: 16:(Redirected from 4058: 3999: 3955: 3941: 3935: 3928: 3922: 3921: 3913: 3907: 3906: 3898: 3892: 3891: 3888:Carlisle Patriot 3883: 3877: 3876: 3873:Carlisle Journal 3868: 3862: 3861: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3808:Carlisle 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2453: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2407: 2382: 2366: 2362: 2352: 2351: 2344: 2334: 2333: 2329: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2298: 2297: 2293: 2283: 2277: 2273: 2263: 2261: 2257: 2247: 2246: 2242: 2232: 2231: 2224: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2198: 2192: 2188: 2183: 2179: 2173: 2169: 2152: 2148: 2139: 2135: 2129: 2125: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2100:William Cobbett 2074: 2070: 2064: 2060: 2055: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2028: 2018: 1935: 1897: 1861:Kelso Chronicle 1856: 1848:Tay Rail Bridge 1835: 1826:Midland Railway 1807: 1795: 1766: 1738: 1737: 1726: 1725: 1696: 1688: 1675: 1670: 1650: 1642: 1629: 1624: 1621: 1586: 1585: 1564: 1556: 1543: 1538: 1522: 1473: 1450: 1431: 1430: 1371: 1363: 1350: 1345: 1342: 1333: 1316: 1287: 1267: 1266: 1196: 1188: 1175: 1170: 1167: 1162: 1063: 988: 983: 978: 917: 913: 892: 888: 874: 867: 860: 859: 858: 849: 848: 847: 823: 816: 794: 779: 757: 750: 743: 721: 699: 677: 658: 651: 629: 622: 600: 593: 571: 549: 534: 512: 505: 498: 476: 454: 439: 417: 410: 403: 381: 359: 337: 318: 311: 289: 288: 281: 280: 271: 270: 263: 262: 240: 233: 211: 204: 182: 163: 144: 140: 137: 135: 134:4 ft 133: 129: 101: 90:1854–1964 63: 62: 60: 56: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4064: 4062: 4054: 4053: 4048: 4038: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4025: 4017: 4012: 4005: 4004:External links 4002: 4001: 4000: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3956: 3943:Col M H Cobb, 3936: 3923: 3908: 3903:Glasgow Herald 3893: 3878: 3863: 3844: 3828: 3813: 3797: 3771: 3755: 3740: 3725: 3709: 3689: 3674: 3659: 3644: 3629: 3613: 3599: 3572: 3557: 3542: 3527: 3522:Glasgow Herald 3512: 3497: 3482: 3467: 3452: 3437: 3422: 3404: 3389: 3374: 3358: 3343: 3328: 3313: 3298: 3283: 3268: 3252: 3237: 3222: 3207: 3186: 3166: 3151: 3136: 3121: 3101: 3086: 3071: 3056: 3041: 3026: 3011: 2972: 2957: 2939: 2924: 2917: 2896: 2889: 2871: 2865:0-950-9096-1-0 2864: 2837: 2822: 2807: 2789: 2773: 2758: 2743: 2728: 2713: 2698: 2680: 2662: 2643: 2628: 2613: 2598: 2580: 2562: 2547: 2532: 2517: 2499: 2484: 2469: 2451: 2436: 2421: 2380: 2360: 2342: 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1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1062: 1059: 1043:Thomas Telford 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 939: 938: 935: 934: 932: 930: 928: 926: 924: 922: 919: 918: 907: 906: 902: 901: 886: 883: 882: 877: 875: 868: 861: 852: 851: 850: 841: 840: 839: 837: 835: 832: 831: 829:Carlisle Canal 826: 824: 817: 810: 808: 806: 803: 802: 797: 795: 788: 786: 784: 781: 780: 775: 774: 770: 769: 755: 753: 751: 744: 737: 735: 733: 730: 729: 724: 722: 715: 713: 711: 708: 707: 705:Burgh-by-Sands 702: 700: 693: 691: 689: 686: 685: 680: 678: 671: 669: 667: 664: 663: 661: 659: 652: 645: 643: 641: 638: 637: 632: 630: 623: 616: 614: 612: 609: 608: 603: 601: 594: 587: 585: 583: 580: 579: 577:New Dykes Brow 574: 572: 565: 563: 561: 558: 557: 552: 550: 543: 541: 539: 536: 535: 530: 529: 525: 524: 510: 508: 506: 499: 492: 490: 488: 485: 484: 482:Abbey Junction 479: 477: 470: 468: 466: 463: 462: 457: 455: 448: 446: 444: 441: 440: 435: 434: 430: 429: 415: 413: 411: 404: 397: 395: 393: 390: 389: 384: 382: 375: 373: 371: 368: 367: 365:Blackdyke Halt 362: 360: 353: 351: 349: 346: 345: 340: 338: 331: 329: 327: 324: 323: 321: 319: 312: 305: 303: 301: 298: 297: 292: 290: 282: 274: 273: 272: 264: 256: 255: 254: 252: 250: 247: 246: 243: 241: 234: 227: 225: 223: 220: 219: 214: 212: 205: 198: 196: 194: 191: 190: 185: 183: 176: 174: 172: 165: 164: 159: 156: 155: 152: 151: 127: 121: 120: 116: 115: 110: 106: 105: 96: 92: 91: 88: 84: 83: 78: 74: 73: 65: 64: 58: 57: 55: 54: 47: 40: 32: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4063: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4043: 4041: 4032: 4031: 4026: 4024: 4023: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4007: 4003: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3980: 3979: 3978: 3977: 3976:1 85260 049 7 3973: 3969: 3961: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3940: 3937: 3933: 3927: 3924: 3919: 3912: 3909: 3904: 3897: 3894: 3889: 3882: 3879: 3874: 3867: 3864: 3859: 3855: 3848: 3845: 3840: 3832: 3829: 3824: 3817: 3814: 3809: 3801: 3798: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3772: 3767: 3759: 3756: 3751: 3744: 3741: 3736: 3729: 3726: 3721: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3706:0 946537 12 7 3703: 3699: 3693: 3690: 3685: 3678: 3675: 3670: 3663: 3660: 3655: 3648: 3645: 3640: 3633: 3630: 3625: 3617: 3614: 3602: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3568: 3561: 3558: 3553: 3546: 3543: 3538: 3531: 3528: 3523: 3516: 3513: 3508: 3501: 3498: 3493: 3486: 3483: 3478: 3471: 3468: 3463: 3456: 3453: 3448: 3441: 3438: 3433: 3426: 3423: 3418: 3411: 3409: 3405: 3400: 3393: 3390: 3385: 3378: 3375: 3370: 3365:according to 3362: 3359: 3354: 3347: 3344: 3339: 3332: 3329: 3324: 3317: 3314: 3309: 3302: 3299: 3294: 3287: 3284: 3279: 3272: 3269: 3264: 3256: 3253: 3248: 3241: 3238: 3233: 3226: 3223: 3218: 3211: 3208: 3202: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3182: 3176: 3175:Railway Times 3170: 3167: 3162: 3155: 3152: 3147: 3140: 3137: 3132: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3102: 3097: 3090: 3087: 3082: 3075: 3072: 3067: 3060: 3057: 3052: 3045: 3042: 3037: 3030: 3027: 3022: 3015: 3012: 3007: 3001: 2985: 2984: 2976: 2973: 2968: 2961: 2958: 2953: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2935: 2928: 2925: 2920: 2918:0-7153-6699-8 2914: 2910: 2903: 2901: 2897: 2892: 2890:0-85361-427-X 2886: 2882: 2875: 2872: 2867: 2861: 2857: 2854: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2838: 2833: 2826: 2823: 2818: 2811: 2808: 2803: 2796: 2794: 2790: 2785: 2777: 2774: 2769: 2762: 2759: 2754: 2747: 2744: 2739: 2732: 2729: 2724: 2717: 2714: 2709: 2702: 2699: 2694: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2658: 2650: 2648: 2644: 2639: 2632: 2629: 2624: 2617: 2614: 2609: 2602: 2599: 2594: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2576: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2558: 2551: 2548: 2543: 2536: 2533: 2528: 2521: 2518: 2513: 2506: 2504: 2500: 2495: 2488: 2485: 2480: 2473: 2470: 2465: 2458: 2456: 2452: 2447: 2440: 2437: 2432: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2418:0 946537 02 X 2415: 2411: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2364: 2361: 2356: 2349: 2347: 2343: 2338: 2331: 2328: 2322: 2319:"The Canal". 2317:according to 2314: 2311: 2305: 2301: 2295: 2292: 2287: 2281: 2278:letter dated 2275: 2272: 2267: 2264:"The Canal". 2259: 2256: 2251: 2244: 2241: 2236: 2229: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2211: 2208: 2201: 2190: 2187: 2181: 2178: 2171: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2137: 2134: 2127: 2124: 2117: 2114: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2096:Edward Baines 2093: 2092: 2091:Leeds Mercury 2087: 2086: 2081: 2077: 2072: 2069: 2062: 2059: 2053: 2050: 2044: 2041: 2035: 2032: 2025: 2023: 2022: 2015: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1991: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1978: 1977: 1974: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1942: 1939: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1927:Beeching cuts 1923: 1920: 1915: 1913: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1844: 1840: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1823: 1816: 1811: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1787:panic of 1866 1783: 1780: 1770: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1754: 1748: 1746: 1742: 1734: 1730: 1717: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1685: 1680: 1673: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1639: 1634: 1627: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1606: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1590: 1576: 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The 1843:Patriot 1465:Patriot 1461:Patriot 1331:Genesis 1209:c. cxix 976:History 635:Glasson 295:Silloth 143:⁄ 81:Cumbria 3994: 3974: 3951: 3704: 3597: 3116: 2915: 2887: 2862: 2416: 2375: 1513:Hawick 1489:Hawick 1035:Wigton 161:Legend 77:Locale 3790:1 May 2165:port 2161:, a 2121:Yard. 2026:Notes 1400:Dates 1214:Dates 1141:Annan 910: 893: 778: 761: 533: 516: 438: 421: 3992:ISSN 3972:ISBN 3949:ISBN 3792:2016 3702:ISBN 3608:2016 3595:ISBN 3114:ISBN 3006:link 2992:2016 2913:ISBN 2885:ISBN 2860:ISBN 2414:ISBN 2373:ISBN 1491:via 953:The 946:The 2094:of 1993:on; 113:NBR 4042:: 3988:12 3986:. 3856:. 3782:. 3575:^ 3407:^ 3189:^ 3002:}} 2998:{{ 2942:^ 2899:^ 2840:^ 2792:^ 2683:^ 2665:^ 2646:^ 2583:^ 2565:^ 2502:^ 2454:^ 2383:^ 2345:^ 2302:. 2225:^ 2098:, 1907:. 3998:. 3794:. 3610:. 3205:. 3008:) 2994:. 2921:. 2893:. 2868:. 1743:( 1731:( 1591:( 1436:( 1272:( 1105:( 1073:( 1053:( 150:) 145:2 141:1 138:+ 136:8 132:( 51:e 44:t 37:v 20:)

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Knowledge

Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway

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