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others, bows and arrows; but most of them had muskets and cutlasses..." Parilla then sent
Sergeant Flores and four men to reinforce the Mission., where he discovered "the road for almost three quarters of a league crowded with hostile Indians, and the Mission stockade completely surrounded by Indians firing their muskets." Still attempting to enter the Mission, Flores' men advanced but the "Indians formed a column and marched rapidly toward the Presidio...as soon as the Indians had advanced to within musket range, they fired a volley at the squad of soldiers", wounding three. Flores estimated 1,500 Indians were moving forward to attack the Presidio, when he saw 3 San Antonio Mission Indians who "brought the news that the Texas and Comanche Indians had set fire to the stockyard and the houses at the Mission..."
406:, where it was decided "the surprise assault on the Mission was now an accomplished fact and its destruction verified...the Presidio lay exposed to a similar attack...the Indians...could easily overwhelm any detachment sent out from the Presidio." Parilla collected all 59 of his remaining men (41 were on assignment elsewhere), plus the 237 women and children, into the Presidio at sunset, and then sent Flores to determine the situation at the Mission. Flores discovered "all the dwellings and other Mission buildings were in flames..." Several were able to escape however, including Father Miguel Molina as "the Indians were intent upon pillage and plunder, presuming that no one could escape alive through the flames raging everywhere."
370:, captain of the Presidio de San Miguel de Horcasitas, and made a colonel in 1755. On 5 April 1775, Parrilla left 39 soldiers in a temporary camp with his livestock and supplies, and marched with 22 soldiers plus 6 Franciscan friars under Father Alonso Giraldo de Terreros, for the San Saba site, reaching it on 17 April. After the soldiers and supplies from the temporary camp arrived, the mission and quarters with irrigation ditch, plus barracks and family quarters for the soldiers and their 237 women and children, were built from logs and separated by three miles on opposite sides of the river.
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with the help of those within, began to fire..." from a thickly wooded area and then "First one then the other flank gave way." Parilla's twin cannons had little effect on the fort, and by nightfall, retreated to his camp, leaving the cannons and suffering 19 dead, 14 wounded and 19 missing, but claiming to have killed "the chief of greatest acclaim among the
Indians" and 50 others, wounding many more. Parilla waited three days before leading an orderly retreat back to the Presidio, reaching it on 25 Oct.
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564:, who took the garrison back to San Saba but retreated again to El Canon in early 1770. By 8 June 1771, Jacobo de Ugarte y Loyala, Governor of Coahuila, removed 29 men to San Antonio, and on 21 June 1771, the Viceroy called for the removal of the garrison entirely and the abandonment of the two missions at El Canon. In 1772, King Charles III issued a decree abandoning the Presidio, leaving East Texas entirely, and making San Antonio the new capital of Texas.
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1972:
535:. RubĂ visited the Presidio in July 1766, reporting it served no purpose or advantage, "It affords as much protection to the interests of His Majesty in New Spain as a ship anchored in mid-Atlantic would afford in preventing foreign trade with America." Of the 24 presidios along the northern frontier, RubĂ recommended the Presidio and 8 others be abandoned, forming a new frontier line from San Antonio to
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493:) for Apache Chief Cabezon's tribe, manning it with 20 men under Lt. Manuel Valdez. Nearby they also founded Mission Nuestra senora de la Candelaria nearby for El Turnio's tribe, and protected it with 10 soldiers. Yet in June 1762, the Presidio once again was raided by the northern Indians, killing 2 soldiers and taking 70 horses.
426:
On 27 June 1758, the
Viceroy Marques de las Amarillas approved a campaign to punish the northern tribes. Parilla held a special council in San Antonio, on 3 Jan. 1759, with the governors of Coahuila and Texas plus the frontier officers, in which they recommended a force of 500. The Viceroy approved
417:
During the summer a large band of
Apaches near the Presidios were attacked by northern Indians, killing 50 plus, and in Dec., another 21 were killed by northern Indians, all armed with muskets. On 30 March 1759, Indians stole 700 horses, mules and cattle belonging to the Presidio, killing the detail
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the next day, while on their way to warn Lt. Juan Galvan's supply train en route from San
Antonio. Parilla reinforced the supply train of 50 pack animals with 22 men, and provided 8 soldiers, with two cannons, to the Mission on 15 March when Father Terreros refused to seek sanctuary at the Presidio.
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Three hours after sunrise on 16 March, Joseph
Gutierrez arrived at the Presidio, having been sent by the Mission steward, to tell of "the arrival of the Indians and their bad behavior", the Indians armed with "French firearms, bullet pouches, and very large powder horns...others had pikes, and still
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More than a year later, a force of 600 men from the presidio set out to find and punish the
Indians responsible for the attack on the mission. The Spanish force was repulsed with heavy losses and the presidio commander was relieved of command. The new commander replaced the log stockade with a stone
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The
Tonkawas lost 55 killed and 149 taken prisoner, but led the Spanish on to the larger Wichita village in "French country", which included a stockade and between 2,000-6,000 Wichitas and Comanche allies. According to Parilla, "the enemy considered themselves secure in their fort. Those outside,
689:
In
Miranda's petition to the Viceroy regarding this requested thirty loads of ore, he requested "these expenses be paid from the account of the royal treasury", promising to "execute all that is prescribed in the referred report" and "I will make other discoveries". Otherwise, Miranda proposed to
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here, and the old fort was supposedly erected to protect a mine nearby. We therefore first looked for smelting ovens and heaps of slag...when we failed to find any traces of either, we made examinations to determine if the geological conditions were the kind which would indicate the presence of
303:, bitter enemies of the Lipan Apache, attacked Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá. The presidio sent a small force to aid the mission, but the soldiers were driven back. Two of the three priests at the mission were killed and the mission was destroyed. The Indians did not attack the presidio.
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The
Comanches stole the Presidio's entire herd of cattle on 10 Dec. 1767, Indians attacked again on 2 Jan. 1768, stole horses outside the wall on 14 Jan., then captured and tortured to death Lt. Joaquin Orendain and three other soldiers on 29 Feb. Then the garrison was afflicted with
722:'s replaced "Presidio of San Saba" on his 1827 map with "Silver Mines" on his 1829 edition. Austin's 1831 pamphlet on Texas stated on the San Saba River, "traditions say a rich silver mine was successfully wrought many years since, until the Comanche Indians cut off the workmen."
431:. Parilla's campaign force left in August and consisted of 50 men from his Presidio's garrison plus 360 additional soldiers from San Antonio, Presidio del Rio Grande and Presidio del Reyno, plus included 176 Indian allies (134 Apaches acted as scouts and guides).
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formation would be without precedent...it is not improbable that the changed Transition rocks, containing quartz, which appear about forty miles downstream near the mouth of the San Saba, as well as the granite rocks which appear particularly between the
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to assume command of the San Xavier Presidio and transfer it along with the missions there to the San Saba site, the new presidio to be named after the Viceroy. Parilla was to take 50 men at the San Xavier garrison, and augment them with 22 from
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On the night of 25 Feb. 1758, while Joseph Antonio Flores was Sergeant of the Guard, the Presidio's livestock was stampeded by Indians, resulting in the loss of 59 horses. A detachment of 6 men under Corporal Carlos de Uraga was attacked on the
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and all its slope are so abundant", ten claims had already been filed, "that I guarantee to give a mine to each of all the inhabitants of this province of Texas...at many of the mines the owners will be able to install
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arrived at the Presidio on 17 March. The next day, the Indians were observed to be marching north. The Indians had slain 8 persons, including Fathers Terreros and Santiesteban, while 17 of the Indians were killed.
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Patten, R.B., 1970, Miranda's Inspection of Los Almagres: His Journal, Report, and Petition, in the Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Vol. 74, July 1970 - April 1971, Denton:Texas State Historical Association
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and amalgamation. Smelting assayed five ounces of silver per hundred pounds of ore, too poor for smelting, while no silver could be extracted from amalgamation. Aldaco's report asked for thirty
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759:, contain ore, although observations on our journey did not furnish direct proof for this." On the main portal of the fort, Roemer found the following names: Padilla, 1810; Cos, 1829;
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628:. Miranda kept a journal of his twenty-three man strong expedition from 17 Feb. to 10 March 1756, followed by a report to Governor Barrios on 29 March 1756 and a petition to the
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passed through on their way to attack the Comanches further north, but did not stay long on their return trip. With no Indians to teach, only the Queretaran Mission was built.
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commander, Capt. Diego Ortiz Parrilla, had seventy-five pounds of ore smelted, which yielded an ounce and a half of silver, prompting him to suggest the presidio be moved to
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and his companions were traveling through the prairie, the party suddenly saw through the mesquite trees the walls of the old Spanish fort looming up in front of them..."
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Canyon ambush. Rabago noted in 1767 that the Comanches had made five attempts on the Presidio since Oct. of 1766, including three attempts on his supply trains.
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by the Comanches in 1758, and increased Indian depredations made the area difficult for the Spanish and location of the mines was eventually forgotten.
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and Father Jose Lopes in Dec. 1754 to the same area named the site "Paso de la Santa Cruz", and recommended a stone and mortar fort with four
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Urrutia's map of the Rio de San Saba area showing the presidio on the north bank and the Acequia para regadio (irrigation canal) to the south
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On 16 January 1762, Rabago established Mission San Lorenzo de la Santa Cruz with Father Diego Jimenez along the El Rio de San Jose (upper
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compound and was renamed, Presidio de San Saba’. The post was abandoned in 1768, reoccupied briefly in 1770, then permanently abandoned.
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on 15 Feb. 1757. On 26 Feb., his journal noted he put his men to work so that the "pit could be cleaned out and examined to see if any
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This three pound sample of ore, and Miranda's report, were sent by Barrios to Manuel de Aldaco in Mexico City, who had it assayed by
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Mit besondere Rücksicht auf deutsche Auswanderung und die physischen Verhältnisse des Landes nach eigener Beobachtung geschildert
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Nathan, P.D., translator, 1959, Deposition of Sergeant Antonio Flores, in The San Saba Papers, San Francisco: J. Howell-Books,
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Indians living there. In his petition to the Viceroy, Miranda noted he had "crudely removed some ore, which is what was
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In 1764, Rabago reported a "severe attack on the Presidio", and in 1765, a detachment of 3 soldiers were killed in a
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of the area for mutual aid against enemies. The early functioning of the mission and presidio were undermined by
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San Joseph del Alcazar. In his report to the governor, Miranda stated, "The mines that are throughout the
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noted, "According to legends still told in Texas, the Spaniards were supposed to have worked some rich
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for smelting and chemical reduction respectively). Miranda reported he could not travel to another "
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Near the fort was the site of a council meeting between Comanches chiefs and representatives of the
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took over as Viceroy from Marques de las Amarillas in 1760, assigned Parilla the governorship of
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600:. This range of hills where gossan is found, lies between the former presidios of San Saba and
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veins could be found", "a tremendous stratum of ore was observed", and he named the pit of
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in Spanish, was later identified to be "Boyd's shaft" in "Boyd's Pasture" along the
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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Peace Came in the Form of a Woman: Indians and Spaniards in the Texas Borderlands
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as commander of the Presidio. Within a year, Rabago rebuilt the stockade with
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claim to the territory. They were part of the treaty recently reached with the
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of soldiers assigned to guard them, leaving the garrison with only 27 horses.
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Weddle, R.S., 1964, The San Saba Mission, Austin: University of Texas Press,
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Urrutia, Lafora and Ruby, 1769, Map of the Frontier, US Library of Congress
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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1769 map depicting Presidio "San Sabas" in relation to San Antonio
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and Father Miguel de Aranda were sent on an expedition to explore
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In June, a band of 3000 Apaches arrived under the leadership of
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933:(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007) p. 179
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In 1789, five miners working the Los Almagres mines, near the
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2022:
National Register of Historic Places in Menard County, Texas
289:. The original presidio and mission were built out of logs.
2012:
Forts on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
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No ore of value was discovered but the governor of Texas,
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A mine was started in August 1752 by five Spaniards from
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The ruins of Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas in 2010.
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Lt. Juan Galvan's supply train force of 22 soldiers and
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soldiers would not be a corrupting influence on the
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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Mission Nuestra Señora del EspĂritu Santo de Zúñiga
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1161:Robert Neighbors and the Texas Frontier, 1836-1859
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1574:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
2002:Buildings and structures in Menard County, Texas
1286:Mission Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de los Ais
624:of an expedition to this and another deposit of
292:On March 16, 1758, am army of an estimated 2000
1966:National Register of Historic Places portal
482:and sent an exploratory expedition west to the
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241:, was founded in April 1757 near present-day
8:
2017:Tourist attractions in Menard County, Texas
310:A portion of the presidio was rebuilt as a
2007:Buildings and structures completed in 1757
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1147:, originally published in 1849 at Bonn as
314:project for the Texas Centennial in 1936.
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27:Site of Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas
1514:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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35:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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734:precious metal. The presence of silver
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1416:Monarchs and Viceroys of Spanish Texas
907:"National Register Information System"
18:
343:with two guns each. On 18 May 1756,
7:
1339:Presidio La BahĂa del EspĂritu Santo
912:National Register of Historic Places
285:the monks were trying to convert to
257:, established at the same time. The
763:(con su tropa), 1829; Moore, 1840.
596:or Honey Creek, a tributary of the
362:Parilla was the former governor of
1997:Spanish forts in the United States
1929:National Historic Preservation Act
1344:Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas
1291:Mission San Francisco de la Espada
701:in 1757. Yet, the destruction of
527:in 1766, after the acquisition of
235:Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas
14:
1370:Juan Bautista de las Casas Revolt
725:Visiting the ruins in the 1840s,
2027:1757 establishments in New Spain
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1959:
1354:Presidio de San Antonio de BĂ©jar
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442:on 2 Oct., and then a Taovayas (
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44:Texas State Antiquities Landmark
767:Comanches and the German Colony
1882:Federated States of Micronesia
1528:Architectural style categories
1432:Jefe PolĂtico of Spanish Texas
1321:Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá
787:, which eventually led to the
703:Mission Santa Cruz de San Saba
472:Capt. Felipe de Rabago y Teran
255:Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá
200:
187:
1:
615:, on 26 Nov. 1755, appointed
613:Jacinto de Barrios y Jauregui
312:Works Progress Administration
113:Show map of the United States
1306:Alamo Mission in San Antonio
617:Bernardo de Miranda y Flores
427:the plan on 30 March as did
61:Presidio de San Saba in 2013
16:United States historic place
1296:Mission San Juan Capistrano
608:, today's Riley Mountains.
588:to the Spanish. This pit,
562:Capt. Manuel Antonio de Oca
452:Battle of the Twin Villages
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1934:Historic Preservation Fund
1913:American Legation, Morocco
1375:Gutiérrez–Magee Expedition
1954:
1875:Lists by associated state
1278:Spanish missions in Texas
789:Meusebach-Comanche Treaty
738:in unchanged, horizontal
576:in an area identified by
186:NRHP reference
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1856:Northern Mariana Islands
348:Marques de las Amarillas
173:15.5 acres (6.3 ha)
1219:Early Texas Settlements
1159:Neighbors, K.F., 1975,
486:in the spring of 1761.
440:Clear Fork Brazos River
337:Pedro de Rabago y Teran
1851:Minor Outlying Islands
1834:Lists by insular areas
1548:Keeper of the Register
1331:Spanish forts of Texas
237:, now better known as
1553:National Park Service
1533:Contributing property
1409:Monarchs and Viceroys
1380:James Long Expedition
917:National Park Service
887:presidiodesansaba.org
882:San Sabá fight (1831)
783:, Mope-choco-pe, and
686:for further testing.
568:San Saba Silver Mines
359:and 27 new recruits.
265:were built to secure
154:30.92250°N 99.80167°W
1908:District of Columbia
1441:Municipal government
1349:Presidio of San Sabá
1163:, Waco: Texian Press
1139:, Copano Bay Press,
727:Ferdinand von Roemer
695:Presidio of San Sabá
602:San Antonio de Bexar
446:) village along the
352:Diego Ortiz Parrilla
239:Presidio of San Sabá
225:Designated TSAL
464:Marques de Cruillas
434:Parilla attacked a
159:30.92250; -99.80167
150: /
1472:SĂndico Procurador
1301:Mission ConcepciĂłn
1135:Roemer, F., 2011,
604:, in southeastern
541:Gulf of California
438:Village along the
327:In June 1753, Lt.
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1538:Historic district
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877:Texas Forts Trail
872:Presidio La Bahia
860:Historical marker
785:John O. Meusebach
720:Stephen F. Austin
642:Cerro del Almagre
521:Nicolas de Lafora
519:, accompanied by
514:Inspector general
450:on 7 Oct. in the
429:King Ferdinand VI
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212:Significant dates
88:Show map of Texas
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919:. July 9, 2010.
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220:August 25, 1972
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1937:
1936:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1866:Virgin Islands
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:American Samoa
1837:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1775:South Carolina
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1740:North Carolina
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
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1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1570:
1568:
1567:Lists by state
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1558:Property types
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1509:
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1495:
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1469:
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1459:
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1428:
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1403:
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1396:
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1377:
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1366:
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1356:
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1341:
1335:
1333:
1327:
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1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1280:
1274:
1273:
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1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
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1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1183:
1175:
1174:
1165:
1152:
1125:
1081:
1036:
935:
929:Juliana Barr,
922:
897:
896:
894:
891:
890:
889:
884:
879:
874:
867:
864:
863:
862:
859:
852:
850:
847:
840:
838:
835:
828:
826:
823:
816:
814:
811:
804:
800:
797:
768:
765:
714:Juan de Ugalde
661:Almagre Grande
569:
566:
548:
545:
531:following the
505:
502:
470:and installed
460:
457:
423:
420:
404:council of war
386:
383:
324:
321:
319:
316:
230:
229:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
209:
208:
203:
196:
195:
190:
183:
182:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
103:
102:
96:
95:
94:
93:
78:
77:
71:
70:
69:
68:
67:
64:
63:
60:
52:
51:
48:
47:
42:
39:
38:
33:
30:
29:
26:
23:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2044:
2033:
2032:Spanish Texas
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
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1877:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:West Virginia
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
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1778:
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1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
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1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1720:New Hampshire
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
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1683:
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1680:Massachusetts
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
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1608:
1606:
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1601:
1598:
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1581:
1578:
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1572:
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1569:
1565:
1559:
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1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1489:
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1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
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1281:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1210:Spanish Texas
1204:
1199:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1145:9780982982822
1142:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1118:
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1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
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1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
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1088:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
936:
932:
926:
923:
918:
914:
913:
908:
902:
899:
892:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
869:
865:
856:
851:
844:
839:
832:
827:
820:
815:
808:
803:
798:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
766:
764:
762:
758:
754:
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
715:
711:
706:
704:
700:
696:
691:
687:
685:
681:
677:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
649:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
567:
565:
563:
559:
558:Mal de Loanda
555:
546:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
515:
511:
503:
501:
499:
494:
492:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
458:
456:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
421:
419:
415:
412:
407:
405:
400:
396:
393:
384:
382:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
360:
358:
353:
350:ordered Col.
349:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
322:
317:
315:
313:
308:
304:
302:
299:
295:
290:
288:
284:
283:Lipan Apaches
280:
276:
272:
271:Lipan Apaches
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
251:United States
248:
244:
240:
236:
227:
223:
219:
217:Added to NRHP
215:
210:
207:
204:
197:
194:
191:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
135:
131:
128:
127:Menard, Texas
125:
121:
100:
75:
65:
58:
53:
49:
45:
40:
36:
31:
24:
20:
1780:South Dakota
1770:Rhode Island
1765:Pennsylvania
1745:North Dakota
1448:Ayuntamiento
1400:Moses Austin
1389:
1343:
1217:
1168:
1160:
1155:
1148:
1136:
930:
925:
910:
901:
777:Buffalo Hump
775:, including
770:
731:silver mines
724:
718:
707:
699:Los Almagres
698:
692:
688:
683:
679:
673:
660:
657:de beneficio
656:
653:de fundicion
652:
646:
641:
637:
625:
619:
616:
610:
606:Llano County
593:
589:
586:Los Almagres
585:
571:
561:
557:
550:
520:
507:
495:
491:Nueces River
488:
480:Concho River
471:
462:
433:
425:
416:
408:
401:
397:
388:
378:
374:
372:
361:
326:
309:
305:
291:
287:Christianity
234:
233:
123:Nearest city
1901:Other areas
1861:Puerto Rico
1695:Mississippi
1610:Connecticut
1391:Empresarios
1248:Nacogdoches
1228:San Antonio
773:Adelsverein
710:Llano River
598:Llano River
580:containing
574:San Antonio
547:Abandonment
510:Charles III
484:Pecos River
357:San Antonio
329:Juan Galvan
157: /
133:Coordinates
1991:Categories
1810:Washington
1730:New Mexico
1725:New Jersey
1600:California
1268:Orcoquisac
1253:Atascosito
1078:0870744496
1033:0292701012
893:References
781:Santa Anna
748:Cretaceous
504:Inspection
498:Frio River
379:Casablanca
323:Foundation
199:TSAL
142:30°55′21″N
1820:Wisconsin
1785:Tennessee
1690:Minnesota
1665:Louisiana
1425:Governors
1238:El CĂłpano
1233:Los Adaes
793:Neighbors
740:limestone
648:haciendas
529:Louisiana
525:New Spain
512:sent his
476:limestone
459:Aftermath
448:Red River
422:Vengeance
411:muleteers
333:Apacheria
228:5/28/1981
145:99°48′6″W
1976:Category
1805:Virginia
1755:Oklahoma
1735:New York
1710:Nebraska
1700:Missouri
1685:Michigan
1675:Maryland
1660:Kentucky
1640:Illinois
1615:Delaware
1605:Colorado
1595:Arkansas
1467:Alguacil
1450:–
1263:Presidio
1243:La BahĂa
866:See also
753:San Saba
676:smelting
665:Comanche
537:Santa Fe
468:Coahuila
444:Wichitas
375:El Chico
341:curtains
294:Comanche
259:presidio
193:72001369
1922:Related
1825:Wyoming
1800:Vermont
1705:Montana
1645:Indiana
1625:Georgia
1620:Florida
1590:Arizona
1580:Alabama
1462:Regidor
1457:Alcalde
1452:Cabildo
799:Gallery
791:. "As
746:of the
684:almagre
669:assayed
638:almagre
630:Viceroy
626:almagre
594:Almagre
578:Apaches
539:to the
436:Tonkawa
364:Sinaloa
345:Viceroy
318:History
301:Indians
298:Wichita
279:Spanish
275:Hasinai
267:Spain's
263:mission
1760:Oregon
1715:Nevada
1655:Kansas
1630:Hawaii
1585:Alaska
1521:Topics
1258:Ysleta
1143:
1076:
1031:
680:cargas
582:gossan
554:scurvy
385:Attack
368:Sonora
243:Menard
1892:Palau
1790:Texas
1670:Maine
1635:Idaho
1137:Texas
761:Bowie
757:Llano
590:cueva
508:King
247:Texas
178:Built
1846:Guam
1795:Utah
1750:Ohio
1650:Iowa
1141:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1029:ISBN
755:and
744:marl
742:and
693:The
655:and
377:and
366:and
296:and
261:and
181:1757
170:Area
736:ore
682:of
671:".
651:" (
634:ore
206:473
201:No.
188:No.
1993::
1128:^
1084:^
1039:^
938:^
915:.
909:.
779:,
716:.
584:,
556:,
543:.
249:,
245:,
1576::
1506:e
1499:t
1492:v
1202:e
1195:t
1188:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
