33:
153:
case the consonants are divided between the two syllables, with certain consonants being treated as pairs. In words of two syllables, the stress is on the first syllable. Words that contain three or more syllables have stresses accorded to their syllables by the quality and location of the different vowels in the words. In words of more than two syllables, the stress is on the
152:
Generally in Latin each vowel or diphthong belongs to a single syllable. Classical Latin diphthongs are ae, au, and oe. Diphthongs from Greek can include oi, eu, ei, and ou, and ui also occasionally occurs in botanical Latin. Syllables end in vowels, unless there are multiple consonants, in which
144:
gardeners, horticulturists, naturalists, and botanists of the 19th century. The two systems of pronunciation are sometimes referred to as the "classical method" and the "ecclesiastical method". The two systems differ significantly in pronunciation, but little in syllable stress.
148:
What follow are the rules of stress of reformed academic pronunciation of Latin (intended to approximate the stress rules of ancient spoken Latin). Words of Greek origin are generally pronounced according to the same rules; native ancient Greek rules of stress are not used.
164:
Whether a vowel is long or short in a classical Latin word is a function of the vowel and its relationship to the consonants that precede or follow it. Modern Latin dictionaries and textbooks may contain diacritics called
234:
Significant differences between the two systems occur in pronunciation of diphthongs "ae", "eu", "oi", consonants "c", "g", "m", "s", "w", "x", and consonant groups "bs", "bt", "cc", "gg", "gn", "ph", "sc",
174:
50:
210:
97:
69:
76:
321:
296:
271:
173:
for short vowels. Botanical Latin does not traditionally include macrons or breves, and they are prohibited (as diacritics) by the
116:
83:
348:
137:
65:
136:
places syllable stress for botanical names derived from ancient Greek and Latin broadly according to two systems, either the
54:
215:
43:
177:(Article 60.6). Some books follow the mediaeval tradition to add an acute accent to mark the stressed syllable.
90:
343:
132:
varies with the language spoken by the person using the botanical name. In
English-speaking countries, the
17:
353:
166:
317:
292:
267:
157:
syllable when the syllable contains a long vowel or diphthong, otherwise the stress is on the
133:
260:
141:
337:
32:
158:
154:
170:
140:, or the pronunciation developed initially in some large part by
189:
Vowels followed by two consonants are generally stressed. Thus
175:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
26:
316:. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 152.
314:
185:
To determine the position of the stress of Latin terms:
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
259:
262:The New College Latin & English Dictionary
291:. United Kingdom: Timber Press. p. 546.
8:
253:
251:
249:
211:Traditional English pronunciation of Latin
196:Diphthongs are to be stressed, too. Thus
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
245:
193:, as the I is followed by a double L.
7:
66:"Syllable stress of botanical Latin"
55:adding citations to reliable sources
130:Syllable stress of botanical names
25:
18:Syllable stress of Botanical Latin
31:
138:Reformed academic pronunciation
42:needs additional citations for
229:
1:
216:Latin regional pronunciation
370:
312:Allen, WS (August 1989).
258:Traupman, J.C. (1966).
200:, as AE is a diphthong.
349:Botanical nomenclature
51:improve this article
287:Stearn, WT (2004).
169:for long vowels or
127:
126:
119:
101:
16:(Redirected from
361:
328:
327:
309:
303:
302:
284:
278:
277:
266:. Bantam Books.
265:
255:
233:
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
35:
27:
21:
369:
368:
364:
363:
362:
360:
359:
358:
334:
333:
332:
331:
324:
311:
310:
306:
299:
289:Botanical Latin
286:
285:
281:
274:
257:
256:
247:
242:
227:
224:
207:
183:
159:antepenultimate
134:Botanical Latin
123:
112:
106:
103:
60:
58:
48:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
367:
365:
357:
356:
351:
346:
344:Latin language
336:
335:
330:
329:
322:
304:
297:
279:
272:
244:
243:
241:
238:
237:
236:
223:
220:
219:
218:
213:
206:
203:
202:
201:
194:
182:
179:
125:
124:
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
366:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
341:
339:
325:
323:0-521-37936-9
319:
315:
308:
305:
300:
298:0-88192-627-2
294:
290:
283:
280:
275:
273:0-553-27619-0
269:
264:
263:
254:
252:
250:
246:
239:
232:
231:
226:
225:
221:
217:
214:
212:
209:
208:
204:
199:
195:
192:
191:Po-ten-tíl-la
188:
187:
186:
180:
178:
176:
172:
168:
162:
160:
156:
150:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
121:
118:
110:
107:November 2013
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
313:
307:
288:
282:
261:
228:
197:
190:
184:
163:
151:
147:
129:
128:
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
155:penultimate
338:Categories
240:References
161:syllable.
77:newspapers
354:Phonology
198:Al-tháe-a
205:See also
167:macrons
142:British
91:scholar
320:
295:
270:
171:breves
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
235:"ti".
222:Notes
181:Rules
98:JSTOR
84:books
318:ISBN
293:ISBN
268:ISBN
70:news
53:by
340::
248:^
230:^α
326:.
301:.
276:.
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
