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728:", with armed sailors making incursions inland for provisions. Queirós announced his intention to found a city, Nova Jerusalem, and appointed municipal officers. In early June, with provisions running low, they left the bay to explore the neighbouring coastline. Queirós' lead ship became separated, and, whether through adverse weather or mutiny, was unable to make anchor in the bay.
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906:" was proclaimed on May 28. France recognized the independence on June 3. On June 5, the tribal chiefs of Santo named the French Ambassador Philippe Allonneau the "King of Vemerana", and Jimmy Stevens became the Prime Minister. Luganville was renamed Allonneaupolis. Next, negotiations with Port-Vila failed, and from July 27 to August 18, British
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1076:, three "main roads" emerge. Main Street leaves the town to the west and winds along the south coast of the island for about 40 km ending at the village of Tasiriki on the southwest coast. Canal Road runs along the southern and eastern coasts of the island, north through Hog Harbor and Golden Beach, ending at
1120:). There is a market in Luganville where local food such as yams, sweet potatoes, manioc, taro, cabbage, and other freshly grown island staples are sold. Some local handicrafts are also sold there. Several small supermarkets such as LCM, Unity Shell, and Au bon Marche sell groceries and many packaged goods.
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The Loru
Rainforest Protected Area is situated in the lowland rainforests of Espiritu Santo. Established in 1993 by Chief Caleb Ser, the 220 hectares (540 acres) reserve supports a rich variety of Vanuatu's bird, bat, and plant life, as well as a diverse range of marine species in the two-kilometre
596:, on Espiritu Santo's southeast coast, is Vanuatu's second-largest settlement and the provincial capital. Roads run north and west from Luganville, but most of the island is far from the limited road network. Around Espiritu Santo lie a number of small islands and islets; among them are:
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Many people on
Espiritu Santo still rely on subsistence farming for their food. The villages on the island are mostly self-sufficient with their own vegetable gardens, chickens, and pigs. Taros and yams are commonly grown in these gardens, and these are mainstays of the local diet.
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were deployed to
Vanuatu's capital island, but they did not enter Espiritu Santo as the soon-to-be government had hoped. The troops were recalled shortly before independence. Following independence on 31 July 1980, Vanuatu, now governed by the Vanuaku Party with Father
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Diego del Prado: "Luis Baes de Torres went in the boat, well equipped, along the coast of the bay to the north and the launch along the other coast, hugging the land because if the vessel had made shipwreck they would find plenty of pieces of planks along the coast"
1136:, a species restricted entirely to Espiritu Santo. Two protected areas have been established to safeguard the island's biodiversity; the Loru Conservation Area on the east coast and the Vatthe Conservation area near Big Bay in the north.
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movement, in alliance with private French interests and backed by the
Phoenix Foundation and American libertarians hoping to establish a tax-free haven, declared the island of Espiritu Santo to be independent of the new government. The
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Espiritu Santo is home to a number of cattle farms (including the famous Belmol Cattle
Project, originally established by French settlers), and the island exports much of its beef to Japan, Australia, and other Pacific countries.
192:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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Besides beef, tinned fish, and rice bought in town, Espiritu Santo has many foods that locals take for granted, and that tourists enjoy as delicacies. Among these are sweet pineapples, mangoes, island cabbage, flying foxes, and
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is the popular drug of the island, although alcohol is becoming more prevalent. With the rising number of adults using alcohol, there is a rising crime rate, especially involving violence toward women, and tribal warfare.
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The local chief tried to chase the
Spanish explorers back to their ships, which led to an exchange of arrows and musket-fire, in which the chief was killed. The ships remained for a month at their anchorage
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Burney (1803), pp. 300–301. Burney is critical of the
Spaniards' approach to diplomacy, though he notes the incident probably "saved the people of the country from the dominion of European masters".
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during the war and was sunk. The shipwreck off
Espiritu Santo later became a popular diving spot. The presence of the Americans contributed later to the island's tourism in
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For almost all of
Espiritu Santo's people, custom plays a large part in their lives, regardless of their religion. The chief system continues strongly in most areas.
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draws tourists with its white sand and clear waters. The "Western Side" of the island contains many caves which can be explored, and cruise ships often stop in at
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1080:. Big Bay Highway splits off from Canal Road near Turtle Bay on the east coast, runs generally west to the mountains, and then it leads north to Big Bay. The
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771:, on the northeast coast, was the site of the British district administration, while Segond, near Luganville, was the French district administration.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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After the departure of Queirós and Torres, the
Espiritu Santo was not visited again by Europeans until 160 years later, by
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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1014:", a term that in Vanuatu has no pejorative connotation — it simply denotes someone who has not embraced Christianity.
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Espiritu Santo, with many wrecks and reefs to be explored, is a very popular tourist destination for divers.
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Pillon, Yohan (2018). A new species of Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) from Vanuatu and notes on the genus.
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A chronological history of the discoveries in the South Sea or Pacific Ocean; illustrated with charts
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Vanuatu's highest peak is the 1,879 metre (6,165 foot)
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is endemic to high mountain forests on Mount Tabwemasana.
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The people of Santo face some health problems, especially
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The island of Espiritu Santo is home to all of Vanuatu's
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Between May and August 1980 the island was the site of a
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The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
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also called Fighter Field #1 served the fighter planes.
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In highly fictionalized form, this was the locale of
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in Bislama, or great hog plum in English (a type of
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between northern Australia and southern New Guinea.
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893:from the condominium to the independent Vanuatu.
889:during the transfer of power over the colonial
210:accompanying your translation by providing an
176:Click for important translation instructions.
163:expand this article with text translated from
1600:
1562:Vol. 347 No. 2: 13 April 2018: 197–200. DOI:
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1057:In September 1998, Espiritu Santo hosted the
921:as Prime Minister, requested assistance from
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778:ID check at the entrance to the base during
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1564:https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.347.2.10
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564:) is the largest island in the nation of
346:3,955.5 km (1,527.2 sq mi)
134:Learn how and when to remove this message
1092:is the largest one, and it runs through
846:was a converted luxury liner that hit a
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1084:is about five km east of the center of
943:languages are spoken on Espiritu Santo
763:During the time of the British–French
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72:adding citations to reliable sources
686:expedition of three ships, led by
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1341:2009 Census Summary release final
818:Santo-Pekoa International Airport
814:40th Naval Construction Battalion
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655:in west-central Espiritu Santo.
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222:{{Translated|fr|Espiritu Santo}}
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1363:. Allen & Unwin, Australia
802:Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
59:needs additional citations for
32:Espiritu Santo (disambiguation)
1319:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
984:Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu
715:Bahía de San Felipe y Santiago
220:You may also add the template
1:
1579:Espirtu Santo tourism website
1265:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
1146:Metrosideros tabwemasanaensis
745:. Torres then discovered the
1008:Seventh-day Adventist Church
354:1,879 m (6165 ft)
233:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
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1346:December 21, 2013, at the
1231:Collins English Dictionary
1140:stretch of fringing reef.
1065:Economy and infrastructure
864:Tales of the South Pacific
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747:strait that bears his name
692:Pedro Fernandes de Queirós
576:The island belongs to the
184:Machine translation, like
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29:
2197:Vete Manung (Goat Island)
1671:
1193:[esˈpiɾituˈsanto]
910:and a unit of the French
800:, particularly after the
792:Espiritu Santo Naval Base
584:in the Pacific region of
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165:the corresponding article
1159:Espiritu Santo languages
941:Over 30 different local
826:Luganville Seaplane Base
702:] del Espíritu Santo
592:of Vanuatu. The town of
37:Not to be confused with
2355:Former Spanish colonies
1581:(archived 5 March 2010)
1484:Encyclopædia Britannica
1350:- Government of Vanuatu
1296:Oxford University Press
1200:", usually called just
1134:Santo mountain starling
998:). Also active are the
947:North Vanuatu languages
937:Best Point, South Santo
869:Rodgers and Hammerstein
867:, and of the following
696:La Austrialia [
561:[ɛspiʁitysɑ̃to]
403: (pop. 10,738)
231:For more guidance, see
1380:Burney, James (1803).
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725:Puerto de la Vera Cruz
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351:Highest elevation
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1292:US English Dictionary
1082:international airport
988:Roman Catholic Church
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822:Palikulo Bay Airfield
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754:Louis de Bougainville
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274:Map of Espiritu Santo
204:copyright attribution
1632:Provinces of Vanuatu
1359:Estensen, M. (2006)
945:, a subgroup of the
904:Republic of Vemerana
68:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
1442:English translation
1164:Vanuatu Labor Corps
1061:soccer tournament.
992:Church of Melanesia
834:Turtle Bay Airfield
806:Luganville Airfield
739:Luis Váez de Torres
313: /
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2365:Islands of Vanuatu
1683:Islands and islets
1410:Burney (1803) pp.
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359:Highest point
317:15.417°S 166.900°E
212:interlanguage link
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1749:Maskelyne Islands
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1170:Explanatory notes
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161:You can help
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85: –
84:
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79:Find sources:
73:
69:
63:
62:
57:This article
55:
51:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
2290:Rowa Islands
1915:Malokilikili
1894:
1559:
1554:
1543:. Retrieved
1539:the original
1534:
1522:
1511:. Retrieved
1507:
1498:
1487:. Retrieved
1483:
1480:"Luganville"
1474:
1462:
1449:
1431:
1419:
1406:
1397:
1382:
1375:
1360:
1355:
1336:
1324:. Retrieved
1317:
1308:
1300:the original
1288:
1279:
1267:. Retrieved
1260:
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1229:
1220:
1201:
1178:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1127:
1124:Biodiversity
1117:
1113:
1110:coconut crab
1106:
1102:
1098:
1068:
1056:
1042:witch doctor
1038:tuberculosis
1031:
1028:
981:
962:
951:
940:
913:Garde Mobile
911:
891:New Hebrides
884:
872:
862:
856:
852:scuba diving
842:
838:
798:World War II
795:
786:World War II
780:World War II
762:
756:in 1768 and
751:
730:
720:
701:
695:
681:
650:
582:New Hebrides
575:
432:
431:
408:Demographics
375:
337:New Hebrides
208:edit summary
199:
170:
162:
130:
124:January 2023
121:
111:
104:
97:
90:
78:
66:Please help
61:verification
58:
18:Santo island
2305:Ureparapara
2068:Iriwiti Lep
1930:Maltinerava
1885:Dany Island
1198:Holy Spirit
969:cocoa beans
919:Walter Lini
828:served the
769:Hog Harbour
765:Condominium
638:Maltinerava
598:Dany Island
578:archipelago
333:Archipelago
320: /
296:Coordinates
2334:Categories
2310:Vanua Lava
2038:Erueti Lep
2003:Ekapum Lep
1545:2009-11-27
1513:2007-10-23
1489:2007-10-23
1438:manuscript
1212:References
1094:Luganville
1086:Luganville
1074:Luganville
1070:Luganville
990:, and the
958:Luganville
758:James Cook
743:New Guinea
688:Portuguese
624:, Malohu,
594:Luganville
425:Ni-Vanuatu
413:Population
401:Luganville
94:newspapers
2315:Vot Tande
2265:Mota Lava
2177:Erromango
2138:Tongariki
2053:Fatumiala
1935:Malvapevu
1925:Malparavu
1842:Pentecost
1734:Leumanang
1560:Phytotaxa
1326:13 August
1269:13 August
1241:13 August
1182:From the
1143:The tree
1078:Port Olry
1020:Nagriamel
1016:Customary
899:Nagriamel
887:rebellion
871:musical,
760:in 1774.
734:almirante
690:explorer
634:Malparavu
630:Malvapevu
586:Melanesia
572:Geography
291:, Vanuatu
280:Geography
226:talk page
167:in French
2245:Merelava
2167:Aneityum
2150:(Étarik)
1920:Malotina
1744:Malakula
1624:province
1344:Archived
1153:See also
996:Anglican
848:sea mine
830:seaplane
386:Province
308:166°54′E
285:Location
202:provide
2285:Ravenga
2063:Iririki
2033:Eretoka
1993:Buninga
1975:Urelapa
1940:Malwepe
1905:Lataroa
1880:Bokissa
1875:Asuleka
1691:Malampa
1640:Malampa
1620:Vanuatu
1616:Islands
1184:Spanish
1034:malaria
1012:heathen
977:peanuts
929:Culture
812:of the
810:Seabees
796:During
684:Spanish
659:History
646:Bokissa
626:Malwepe
614:Lataroa
580:of the
566:Vanuatu
557:French:
377:Vanuatu
305:15°25′S
224:to the
206:in the
169:.
108:scholar
2270:Nawila
2255:Metoma
2225:Kwakéa
2187:Inyeug
2182:Futuna
2143:Tongoa
2133:Tefala
2118:Namuka
2103:Mataso
2098:Makura
2093:Lelepa
2073:Kakula
2028:Eratap
2023:Erakor
1970:Tutuba
1960:Tangoa
1900:Lataro
1824:Penama
1794:Uripiv
1784:Uluveo
1779:Tomman
1754:Norsup
1739:Lopevi
1714:Atchin
1704:Ambrym
1699:Akhamb
1645:Penama
1468:p. 299
1425:p. 305
1367:
1290:Lexico
1053:Sports
1024:Fanafo
1006:, the
1002:, the
986:, the
644:, and
642:Tangoa
618:Lataro
110:
103:
96:
89:
81:
2295:Tegua
2275:Ngwel
2250:Merig
2235:Linua
2230:Leneu
2207:Torba
2192:Tanna
2172:Aniwa
2159:Tafea
2123:Nguna
2088:Lamen
2083:Laika
2078:Kuwae
2058:Ifira
2048:Falea
2043:Ewose
1998:Efate
1985:Shefa
1965:Thion
1955:Sakao
1950:Ratua
1945:Mavia
1870:Araki
1852:Sanma
1837:Maewo
1832:Ambae
1809:Vulaï
1774:Sowan
1769:Sakao
1759:Paama
1729:Khoti
1719:Avock
1709:Arseo
1665:Torba
1660:Tafea
1655:Shefa
1650:Sanma
1414:–304.
1392:-300.
1202:Santo
965:copra
622:Thion
610:Sakao
602:Araki
391:Sanma
186:DeepL
115:JSTOR
101:books
2300:Toga
2260:Mota
2215:Gaua
2128:Pele
2113:Moso
2108:Mele
2013:Emao
2008:Emae
1910:Malo
1865:Aore
1860:Aese
1814:Wala
1804:Varo
1764:Rano
1724:Awei
1388:pp.
1365:ISBN
1328:2019
1271:2019
1243:2019
1114:naos
1046:Kava
1036:and
973:kava
971:and
839:The
832:and
731:The
343:Area
200:must
198:You
87:news
2220:Hiw
2148:Wot
2018:Epi
1799:Vao
1789:Uri
1622:by
1618:of
1455:311
1412:302
1390:299
1196:, "
949:.
861:'s
841:SS
699:sic
188:or
70:by
2336::
2280:Ra
2240:Lo
1533:.
1529:.
1506:.
1482:.
1444:).
1440:,
1316:.
1294:.
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1259:.
1234:.
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767:,
718:.
682:A
648:.
636:,
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612:,
608:,
604:,
600:,
555:;
548:oʊ
539:ɑː
530:,-
527:uː
518:ɑː
509:/-
505::
503:US
499:,
492:oʊ
472:uː
441::
439:UK
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1457:.
1436:(
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512:ˈ
495:/
489:t
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480:s
477:ˈ
469:t
466:ɪ
463:r
460:ɪ
457:p
454:s
451:ˌ
448:ɛ
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435:(
235:.
228:.
137:)
131:(
126:)
122:(
112:·
105:·
98:·
91:·
64:.
41:.
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20:)
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