334:, it measures influences on scientific work, but in a different sense; it measures institutional and economic influences as well as informal influences of individual people, ideas, and artifacts. Unlike the impact factor, it does not produce a single overall metric, but analyzes the components separately. However, the total number of acknowledgments to an acknowledged entity can be measured and so can the number of citations to the papers in which the acknowledgment appears. The ratio of this total number of citations to the total number of papers in which the acknowledge entity appears can be construed as the impact of that acknowledged entity.
3039:
3014:
375:. Although altmetrics are often thought of as metrics about articles, they can be applied to people, journals, books, data sets, presentations, videos, source code repositories, web pages, etc. Altmetrics use public APIs across platforms to gather data with open scripts and algorithms. Altmetrics did not originally cover
37:. Major research issues include the measurement of the impact of research papers and academic journals, the understanding of scientific citations, and the use of such measurements in policy and management contexts. In practice there is a significant overlap between scientometrics and other scientific fields such as
95:, was established in 1978. The industrialization of science increased the number of publications and research outcomes and the rise of the computers allowed effective analysis of this data. While the sociology of science focused on the behavior of scientists, scientometrics focused on the analysis of
379:
counts, but calculate scholar impact based on diverse online research output, such as social media, online news media, online reference managers and so on. It demonstrates both the impact and the detailed composition of the impact. Altmetrics could be applied to research filter, promotion and tenure
156:
Methods of research include qualitative, quantitative and computational approaches. The main focus of studies have been on institutional productivity comparisons, institutional research rankings, journal rankings establishing faculty productivity and tenure standards, assessing the influence of top
203:
Recommendations to avoid common errors in scientometrics include: select topics with sufficient data; use data mining and web scraping, combine methods, and eliminate "false positives". It is also necessary to understand the limits of search engines (e.g. Web of
Science, Scopus and Google Scholar)
160:
One significant finding in the field is a principle of cost escalation to the effect that achieving further findings at a given level of importance grow exponentially more costly in the expenditure of effort and resources. However, new algorithmic methods in search,
1549:
330:. Typically, a scholarly article has a section in which the authors acknowledge entities such as funding, technical staff, colleagues, etc. that have contributed materials or knowledge or have influenced or inspired their work. Like a
139:
Around the same time, the interest of governments in evaluating research for the purpose of assessing the impact of science funding increased. As the investments in scientific research were included as part of the U.S.
522:
1993:
Mehrazar, Maryam; Kling, Christoph Carl; Lemke, Steffen; Mazarakis, Athanasios; Peters, Isabella (2018-04-08). "Can We Count on Social Media
Metrics? First Insights into the Active Scholarly Use of Social Media".
109:
Later, around the turn of the century, evaluation and ranking of scientists and institutions came more into the spotlights. Based on bibliometric analysis of scientific publications and citations, the
250:
for the relative importance of a journal within its field; journals with higher impact factors are often deemed to be more important than those with lower ones. The impact factor was devised by
103:
2241:
1367:
3047:
943:
Lowry, Paul
Benjamin; Humphreys, Sean; Malwitz, Jason; Nix, Joshua C (2007). "A scientometric study of the perceived quality of business and technical communication journals".
764:
Evaluating journal quality and the
Association for Information Systems (AIS) Senior Scholars' journal basket via bibliometric measures: Do expert journal assessments add value?
1837:
Altmetrics and article-level metrics are sometimes used interchangeably, but there are important differences: article-level metrics also include citations and usage data; ...
3057:
3052:
122:
3615:
987:
Dean, Douglas L; Lowry, Paul
Benjamin; Humpherys, Sean (2011). "Profiling the research productivity of tenured information systems faculty at U.S. institutions".
141:
3600:
3443:
3092:
381:
2234:
1387:
Ma, Jiupeng; Fu, Hui-Zhen; Ho, Yuh-Shan (December 2012). "The Top-cited
Wetland Articles in Science Citation Index Expanded: characteristics and hotspots".
1112:
Piwowar, Heather; Priem, Jason; Orr, Richard (2019-10-09). "The Future of OA: A large-scale analysis projecting Open Access publication and readership".
3610:
2374:
1494:; Han, Hui; Manavoglu, Eren (2005). "Automatic acknowledgement indexing: expanding the semantics of contribution in the CiteSeer digital library".
3042:
2227:
762:
Lowry, Paul
Benjamin; Moody, Gregory D.; Gaskin, James; Galletta, Dennis F.; Humpherys, Sean; Barlow, Jordan B.; and Wilson, David W. (2013). "
476:
110:
806:"A citation-based, author- and age-normalized, logarithmic index for evaluation of individual researchers independently of publication counts"
2207:
2023:
1822:
1645:; Thelwall, Mike; Larivière, Vincent (2014-04-01). "Tweeting biomedicine: An analysis of tweets and citations in the biomedical literature".
277:
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became an important tool to choose between different journals. Rankings such as the
Academic Ranking of World Universities and the
2671:
1132:
Jiawei, H., Kamber, M., Han, J., Kamber, M., Pei, J. 2012. Data Mining: Concepts and
Techniques. Morgan Kaufmann, Wlatham, EE.UU.
1614:
Altmetrics is the study and use of nontraditional scholarly impact measures that are based on activity in web-based environments
2780:
441:
3380:
2250:
327:
3630:
1911:
Moher, David; Naudet, Florian; Cristea, Ioana A.; Miedema, Frank; Ioannidis, John P. A.; Goodman, Steven N. (2018-03-29).
575:
Nalimov, Vasily
Vasilyevich; Mulchenko, B. M. (1969). ""Scientometrics." Studies of science as a process of information".
114:
977:
Recipient of the Rudolph Joenk Award for Best Paper Published in IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication in 2007.
296:, across 150 disciplines, from 1900 to the present. These are alternatively described as the world's leading journals of
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2797:
2725:
2425:
2354:
1389:
1144:"Extracción de datos de perfiles en Google Scholar utilizando un algoritmo en el lenguaje R para hacer minería de datos"
3590:
99:. Accordingly, scientometrics is also referred to as the scientific and empirical study of science and its outcomes.
1802:
Opening Science: The Evolving Guide on How the Internet Is Changing Research, Collaboration and Scholarly Publishing
1224:
Garfield, E. (1955). "Citation Indexes for Science: A New Dimension in Documentation through Association of Ideas".
3605:
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2982:
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1970:
Nariani, Rajiv (2017-03-24). "Supplementing Traditional Ways of Measuring Scholarly Impact: The Altmetrics Way".
46:
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90:
20:
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scholarly articles, and developing profiles of top authors and institutions in terms of research performance.
132:
became an important indicator of the productivity and impact of the work of a scientist. However, alternative
720:
3656:
3522:
3466:
2882:
2710:
2661:
2072:
Weingart, Peter (2005-01-01). "Impact of bibliometrics upon the science system: Inadvertent consequences?".
529:
74:
1806:
721:"Global journal prestige and supporting disciplines: A scientometric study of information systems journals"
3651:
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1499:
267:
82:
1433:
592:"From the science of science to Scientometrics visualizing the history of science with HistCite software"
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1183:
Añino Ramos, Yostin Jesús; Monge Najera, Julian; Murillo-Gonzalez, Danny; Michán-Aguirre, Layla (2021).
1073:"Assessing leading institutions, faculty, and articles in premier information systems research journals"
368:
323:
221:
213:
292:). The larger version (Science Citation Index Expanded) covers more than 8,500 notable and significant
3666:
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3507:
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3349:
3309:
3294:
2904:
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2499:
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1557:
1542:"Who gets acknowledged: Measuring scientific contributions through automatic acknowledgment indexing"
1398:
1235:
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866:
766:," MIS Quarterly (MISQ), vol. 37(4), 993–1012. Also, see a YouTube video narrative of this paper at:
695:
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50:
34:
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42:
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Galligan, Finbar; Dyas-Correia, Sharon (March 2013). "Altmetrics: Rethinking the Way We Measure".
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are showing that is not the case for many information retrieval and extraction-based problems.
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which fail to index thousands of studies in small journals and underdeveloped countries.
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1947:
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331:
273:
2041:"The research conduct spectrum for surgeons: your career in their rule bending hands?"
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2832:
2802:
2740:
2541:
2489:
2484:
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2119:
1752:
Priem, Jason; Taraborelli, Dario; Groth, Paul; Neylon, Cameron (September 28, 2011).
1210:
1169:
929:
671:Восстановление связей в научном рубрикаторе на основе кластеризации гетерогенной сети
409:
357:
349:
233:
118:
2214:
Over-optimization of academic publishing metrics: observing Goodhart's Law in action
2101:
1684:
1418:
964:
886:
847:
Kinouchi, O. (2018). "A simple centrality index for scientific social recognition".
2792:
2651:
2589:
2324:
2167:
1625:"The "alt" does indeed stand for "alternative"" Jason Priem, leading author in the
1462:
486:
471:
197:
181:
145:
30:
1700:"Measuring research impact: bibliometrics, social media, altmetrics, and the BJGP"
1314:
822:
148:
were set up to assess if the positive impact on the economy would actually occur.
57:. Critics have argued that overreliance on scientometrics has created a system of
2219:
1929:
1897:
1247:
3517:
3375:
3334:
3188:
2827:
2524:
2494:
2479:
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2339:
878:
481:
451:
189:
173:
166:
96:
89:
which is heavily used for scientometric analysis. A dedicated academic journal,
54:
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2700:
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2014:
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956:
913:
185:
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1956:
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1589:
1299:
1255:
921:
640:
1715:
1291:
3491:
3486:
3413:
3203:
1773:"Article-Level Metrics at PLoS - what are they, and why should you care?"
1603:
1089:
1072:
1048:
1031:
737:
380:
dossiers, grant applications and for ranking newly published articles in
376:
246:
to recent articles published in that journal. It is frequently used as a
243:
2176:
2123:
1071:
Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Karuga, Gilbert G.; Richardson, Vernon J. (2007).
1032:"Assessing the impact of premier information systems research over time"
1030:
Karuga, Gilbert G.; Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Richardson, Vernon J. (2007).
1008:
318:
An acknowledgment index (British acknowledgement index) is a method for
3428:
3392:
3339:
2281:
1979:
677:(Thesis). Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова
372:
361:
297:
193:
126:
3070:
2193:
1849:
Mcfedries, Paul (August 2012). "Measuring the impact of altmetrics ".
1668:
1201:
1184:
780:
523:
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
392:
Critics have argued that overreliance on scientometrics has created a
348:
In scholarly and scientific publishing, altmetrics are nontraditional
125:(THE-ranking) became an indicator for the status of universities. The
3476:
3239:
3229:
2914:
1434:"The top-cited research works in the Science Citation Index Expanded"
1000:
496:
2124:"Open Access Scientometrics and the UK Research Assessment Exercise"
1496:
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Knowledge capture
763:
2140:
2004:
1626:
1118:
861:
367:. The term altmetrics was proposed in 2010, as a generalization of
3547:
3208:
1753:
1659:
558:
413:
1647:
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology
106:
founded in 1993 is an association of professionals in the field.
3256:
1608:
3074:
2223:
2177:"Validating Research Performance Metrics Against Peer Rankings"
180:
to ensure transparency and reproducibility in line with modern
288:(previously the Intellectual Property and Science business of
352:
proposed as an alternative or complement to more traditional
1747:
1745:
1743:
1185:"Cómo aplicar la cienciometría a la investigación ecológica"
719:
Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Romans, Denton; Curtis, Aaron (2004).
563:
International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences
238:
The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an
900:
Lane, J (2009). "Assessing the Impact of Science Funding".
758:
756:
550:
548:
546:
1142:
Quintero, Erika; Saavedra, Dalys; Murillo, Danny (2018).
1077:
Communications of the Association for Information Systems
1036:
Communications of the Association for Information Systems
785:
International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics
284:. It was officially launched in 1964. It is now owned by
144:(ARRA), a major economic stimulus package, programs like
104:
International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics
1913:"Assessing scientists for hiring, promotion, and tenure"
113:("Shanghai ranking") was first published in 2004 by the
2202:
647:Методологические Проблемы Цивилистических Исследований
642:Юридическая Наукометрия И Цивилистические Исследования
1996:
Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Web Science
849:
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications
242:
is a measure reflecting the yearly average number of
73:
Modern scientometrics is mostly based on the work of
3578:
3500:
3442:
3406:
3363:
3287:
3222:
3174:
3136:
3108:
2913:
2699:
2468:
2403:
2315:
2280:
2257:
1805:. Cham: Springer International Publishing. p.
725:Journal of the Association for Information Systems
200:provided by libraries and institutions worldwide.
1698:Chavda, Janica; Patel, Anika (30 December 2015).
714:
712:
123:Times Higher Education World University Rankings
65:environment that leads to low-quality research.
945:IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication
142:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
3086:
2235:
1271:"The evolution of the Science Citation Index"
8:
2181:Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics
561:(2013), forthcoming in: Lynch, M. (editor),
1322:University of Pennsylvania Garfield Library
768:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZQIDkA-ke0
304:, because of a rigorous selection process.
3093:
3079:
3071:
2242:
2228:
2220:
1799:Bartling, Sönke; Friesike, Sascha (2014).
668:Борисов, М. В.; Майсуразде, А. И. (2014).
224:depending on which feature they evaluate.
16:Quantitative study of scholarly literature
2216:GigaScience, Volume 8, Issue 6, June 2019
2192:
2149:
2139:
2056:
2013:
2003:
1946:
1928:
1723:
1658:
1579:
1569:
1503:
1200:
1159:
1117:
1088:
1047:
860:
831:
821:
736:
2203:The Places & Spaces: Mapping Science
1540:; Councill, I. G. (December 15, 2004).
639:Валеев, Д. Х.; Голубцов, В. Г. (2018).
542:
371:, and has its roots in the #altmetrics
192:trends is based on data retrieved from
2210:, September 7, 2007 – January 7, 2008.
1641:Haustein, Stefanie; Peters, Isabella;
477:Lists of science and technology awards
272:The Science Citation Index (SCI) is a
111:Academic Ranking of World Universities
3601:Academic databases and search engines
2208:American Museum of Science and Energy
804:Belikov, A.V.; Belikov, V.V. (2015).
322:and analyzing acknowledgments in the
33:that studies quantitative aspects of
7:
1477:"Acknowledgement vs. Acknowledgment"
557:and Milojevic, S., "Scientometrics"
326:and, thus, quantifies the impact of
278:Institute for Scientific Information
256:Institute for Scientific Information
87:Institute for Scientific Information
2736:Digital media use and mental health
2450:Sociology of the history of science
1771:Binfield, Peter (9 November 2009).
1704:British Journal of General Practice
400:that lead to low-quality research.
3371:Academic journal publishing reform
1781:University of California, Berkeley
1754:"Altmetrics: A manifesto (v 1.01)"
416:is a Professor of Scientometrics.
14:
2445:Sociology of scientific ignorance
2290:History and philosophy of science
2272:Economics of scientific knowledge
2039:Roche, Christopher (2022-08-31).
1368:"Science Citation Index Expanded"
3038:
3037:
3012:
1972:ACRL 2017 Conference Proceedings
1788:from the original on 2021-12-12.
1609:Public Library of Science (PLOS)
487:Semantic Web § Applications
188:index and attendant research on
184:requirements. For instance, the
442:College and university rankings
2251:Science and technology studies
1343:"History of Citation Indexing"
1:
3631:Category:Scientific documents
1550:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
1498:. K-CAP '05. pp. 19–26.
823:10.12688/f1000research.7070.1
212:Indexes may be classified as
115:Shanghai Jiao Tong University
3626:Category:Academic publishing
2798:Normalization process theory
2355:Philosophy of social science
1930:10.1371/journal.pbio.2004089
1898:10.1016/j.serrev.2013.01.003
1390:Environmental Earth Sciences
1248:10.1126/science.122.3159.108
208:Common scientometric indexes
172:More recent methods rely on
879:10.1016/j.physa.2017.08.072
276:originally produced by the
3683:
3444:Indexes and search engines
2421:construction of technology
1863:10.1109/MSPEC.2012.6247557
1279:International Microbiology
341:
311:
265:
231:
196:endpoints of thousands of
18:
3008:
2953:Politicization of science
2160:10.1007/s11192-009-0409-z
2086:10.1007/s11192-005-0007-7
1815:10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8
1455:10.1007/s11192-012-0837-z
1411:10.1007/s12665-012-2193-y
1313:Garfield, Eugene (1963).
1269:Garfield, Eugene (2011).
611:10.1016/j.joi.2009.03.009
590:Garfield, Eugene (2009).
81:. The latter created the
47:science of science policy
2360:Philosophy of technology
2058:10.1308/rcsbull.2022.112
1315:"Science Citation Index"
706:Volume 1, Issue 1 (1978)
646:
641:
565:subsection 85030. (2015)
537:References and footnotes
21:Scientometrics (journal)
3621:Style/formatting guides
3523:Scholarly communication
3223:Other publication types
2045:Bull Roy Coll Surg Engl
2015:10.1145/3201064.3201101
1571:10.1073/pnas.0407743101
1514:10.1145/1088622.1088627
1161:10.33412/idt.v14.1.1807
957:10.1109/TPC.2007.908733
914:10.1126/science.1175335
599:Journal of Informetrics
530:Journal of Informetrics
382:academic search engines
75:Derek J. de Solla Price
3563:Least publishable unit
3235:Collection of articles
2433:Sociology of knowledge
408:The main character in
268:Science Citation Index
262:Science Citation Index
83:Science Citation Index
69:Historical development
3553:Electronic publishing
3528:Scientific literature
3305:Article-level metrics
3000:Transition management
2990:Technology assessment
2958:Regulation of science
2933:Evidence-based policy
2818:Sociotechnical system
2667:Traditional knowledge
2547:Psychology of science
2520:Mapping controversies
2426:shaping of technology
2385:Social constructivism
2350:Philosophy of science
2307:History of technology
1716:10.3399/bjgp16X683353
1432:Ho, Yuh-Shan (2012).
1292:10.2436/20.1501.01.10
369:article level metrics
324:scientific literature
280:(ISI) and created by
254:, the founder of the
222:journal-level metrics
214:article-level metrics
19:For the journal, see
3596:Open-access journals
3543:Open scientific data
3350:SCImago Journal Rank
3310:Author-level metrics
3295:Acknowledgment index
2905:Women in engineering
2751:Financial technology
2731:Digital anthropology
2500:Criticism of science
2413:Actor–network theory
2375:Religion and science
2267:Economics of science
1643:Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
1627:Altmetrics Manifesto
1490:Councill, Isaac G.;
1479:. 22 September 2012.
1090:10.17705/1CAIS.02016
1049:10.17705/1CAIS.01907
738:10.17705/1jais.00045
492:SCImago Journal Rank
432:Author-level metrics
314:Acknowledgment index
308:Acknowledgment index
218:author-level metrics
152:Methods and findings
136:have been proposed.
134:author-level metrics
51:sociology of science
35:scholarly literature
3591:Scientific journals
3102:Academic publishing
2746:Engineering studies
2716:Cyborg anthropology
2505:Demarcation problem
2390:Social epistemology
1612:. 3 November 2021.
1562:2004PNAS..10117599G
1556:(51): 17599–17604.
1403:2009EnGeo..56.1247D
1347:Clarivate Analytics
1240:1955Sci...122..108G
908:(5932): 1273–1275.
871:2018PhyA..491..632K
700:editorial statement
649:(in Russian): 45–57
398:perverse incentives
286:Clarivate Analytics
59:perverse incentives
43:information science
39:information systems
3611:Copyright policies
3606:University presses
3513:Scientific writing
3381:Citation advantage
3288:Impact and ranking
3121:Scientific journal
3026:History of science
2943:Funding of science
2813:Skunkworks project
2510:Double hermeneutic
2295:History of science
2175:Harnad, S (2008).
1604:"PLOS Collections"
696:De Solla Price, D.
457:Expert elicitation
427:Academic careerism
404:In popular culture
3639:
3638:
3616:Preprint policies
3586:Academic journals
3569:Publish or perish
3424:Version of record
3364:Reform and access
3166:Literature review
3068:
3067:
2995:Technology policy
2726:Dematerialization
2535:black swan events
2194:10.3354/esep00088
2025:978-1-4503-5563-6
1824:978-3-31-900026-8
1669:10.1002/asi.23101
1234:(3159): 108–111.
1202:10.7818/ECOS.2256
579:. Moscow, Russia.
437:Citation analysis
396:environment with
394:publish or perish
356:metrics, such as
63:publish or perish
29:is a subfield of
3674:
3558:Ingelfinger rule
3472:Semantic Scholar
3194:Technical report
3116:Academic journal
3095:
3088:
3081:
3072:
3041:
3040:
3016:
2968:Right to science
2948:Horizon scanning
2923:Academic freedom
2823:Technical change
2684:Women in science
2679:Unity of science
2460:Strong programme
2244:
2237:
2230:
2221:
2198:
2196:
2171:
2153:
2143:
2106:
2105:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2017:
2007:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1950:
1932:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1749:
1738:
1737:
1727:
1710:(642): e59–e61.
1695:
1689:
1688:
1662:
1638:
1632:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1546:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1507:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1438:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:. pp. v–xvi
1319:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1275:
1266:
1260:
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1221:
1215:
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1103:
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1092:
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1062:
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1051:
1027:
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1020:
1001:10.2307/23043486
984:
978:
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629:
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625:
596:
587:
581:
580:
572:
566:
552:
502:Semantic Scholar
240:academic journal
163:machine learning
85:and founded the
3682:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3662:Library science
3642:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3574:
3533:Learned society
3496:
3438:
3402:
3359:
3330:Journal ranking
3320:Citation impact
3283:
3218:
3176:Grey literature
3170:
3132:
3104:
3099:
3069:
3064:
3004:
2963:Research ethics
2909:
2808:Reverse salient
2702:
2695:
2471:
2464:
2455:Sociotechnology
2399:
2311:
2276:
2253:
2248:
2206:exhibit at the
2187:(11): 103–107.
2174:
2151:10.1.1.561.7204
2118:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2026:
1998:. p. 215.
1992:
1991:
1987:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1923:(3): e2004089.
1910:
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1905:
1883:
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1620:
1602:
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1536:
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1531:
1524:
1489:
1488:
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1475:
1474:
1470:
1436:
1431:
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1426:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1372:
1370:
1366:
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1361:
1352:
1350:
1349:. November 2010
1341:
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1317:
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1307:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1223:
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1218:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1148:I+D Tecnológico
1141:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1083:(16): 142–203.
1070:
1069:
1065:
1029:
1028:
1024:
986:
985:
981:
942:
941:
937:
899:
898:
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802:
798:
789:
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694:
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643:
638:
637:
633:
623:
621:
594:
589:
588:
584:
574:
573:
569:
559:arXiv:1208.4566
555:Leydesdorff, L.
553:
544:
539:
511:
506:
467:Journal ranking
422:
406:
390:
354:citation impact
346:
340:
328:acknowledgments
316:
310:
290:Thomson Reuters
282:Eugene Garfield
270:
264:
252:Eugene Garfield
236:
230:
210:
154:
79:Eugene Garfield
71:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3680:
3678:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3657:Science policy
3654:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3502:
3501:Related topics
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3482:Web of Science
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3452:Google Scholar
3448:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3410:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3388:Serials crisis
3385:
3384:
3383:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3355:Scientometrics
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3325:Citation index
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3274:Poster session
3271:
3270:
3269:
3264:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3180:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3161:Position paper
3158:
3156:Review article
3153:
3152:
3151:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3118:
3112:
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3106:
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3098:
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3090:
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3075:
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3055:
3050:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2973:Science policy
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2928:Digital divide
2925:
2919:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2844:Technological
2842:
2841:
2840:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2721:Design studies
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2664:
2659:
2657:Scientometrics
2654:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2530:Paradigm shift
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2415:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2370:Postpositivism
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2330:Antipositivism
2327:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2300:and technology
2292:
2286:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2211:
2199:
2172:
2134:(1): 147–156.
2128:Scientometrics
2114:
2113:External links
2111:
2108:
2107:
2080:(1): 117–131.
2074:Scientometrics
2064:
2051:(6): 274–277.
2031:
2024:
1985:
1962:
1903:
1886:Serials Review
1876:
1841:
1823:
1791:
1763:
1739:
1690:
1653:(4): 656–669.
1633:
1618:
1595:
1529:
1522:
1505:10.1.1.59.1661
1482:
1468:
1442:Scientometrics
1424:
1379:
1359:
1334:
1305:
1261:
1216:
1175:
1134:
1125:
1119:10.1101/795310
1104:
1063:
1042:(7): 115–131.
1022:
979:
951:(4): 352–378.
935:
892:
839:
796:
772:
752:
708:
704:Scientometrics
688:
660:
631:
605:(3): 173–179.
582:
567:
541:
540:
538:
535:
534:
533:
526:
519:
516:Scientometrics
510:
507:
505:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
462:Goodhart's law
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
423:
421:
418:
405:
402:
389:
386:
342:Main article:
339:
336:
332:citation index
312:Main article:
309:
306:
274:citation index
266:Main article:
263:
260:
232:Main article:
229:
226:
209:
206:
153:
150:
119:Impact factors
92:Scientometrics
70:
67:
61:, producing a
27:Scientometrics
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3679:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Bibliometrics
3650:
3649:
3647:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3538:Open research
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Impact factor
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3315:Bibliometrics
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Annual report
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3184:Working paper
3182:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3127:
3126:Public health
3124:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3091:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2833:Technoscience
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2803:Media studies
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:Early adopter
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2711:Co-production
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2698:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2560:communication
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Pseudoscience
2540:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:Boundary-work
2488:
2486:
2485:Bibliometrics
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2395:Transhumanism
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
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