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227:(MSS) data. The lake's area was also traced using MSS data and the glacier's retreat. The lake had an area of 17.54 hectares in 1977 and was connected to the glacier terminal. Later, the lake's areal extent was determined using 1989, 2002, and 2008 temporal satellite data. Between 1977 and 2008, the lake's surface area rose by 81.1 hectares.
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The lake is rapidly growing in size in an abnormally rapid manner due to the melting of the lake's associated South Lhonak glacier and additional melt water from the adjacent North Lhonak and main Lhonak glaciers.
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In
October 2023, heavy rains caused the swollen lake to breach its embankments and cause a severe flood in the Teesta river basin, causing widespread property damage and killing at least 40 people.
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179:'s far northwestern region. It is one of the fastest expanding lakes in the Sikkim Himalaya region, and one of the 14 potentially dangerous lakes susceptible to
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From 1962 to 2006, a close-up view of changes in the glacier area surrounding the North and South Lhonak glaciers, highlighting changes in the proglacial lakes.
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Sattar, Ashim; Goswami, Ajanta; Kulkarni, Anil. V.; Emmer, Adam; Haritashya, Umesh K.; Allen, Simon; Frey, Holger; Huggel, Christian (2021-09-01).
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Hazra, P., & Krishna, A. P. (2021, July). AHP Based
Assessment of Glof Susceptibility of South Lhonak Glacial Lake, Sikkim Himalaya, India. In
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301:"Spatial patterns in glacier characteristics and area changes from 1962 to 2006 in the Kanchenjunga–Sikkim area, eastern Himalaya"
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The lake is located at 5,200 m (17,100 ft) above sea level. It formed due to the melting of the Lhonak glacier.
352:"Hydrodynamic moraine-breach modeling and outburst flood routing - A hazard assessment of the South Lhonak lake, Sikkim"
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492:"Remote sensing and in situ-based assessment of rapidly growing South Lhonak glacial lake in eastern Himalaya, India"
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at the glacier's snout on
November 24, 1962. The first occurrence of a separate lake was identified in the 1977
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between 1960 and 1972 as a part of
America's first space reconnaissance program, the lake first appeared as a
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601:"Death toll rises to 40 after glacial lake flooding in Indian Himalayas, dozens still missing"
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433:"Future Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) hazard of the South Lhonak Lake, Sikkim Himalaya"
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560:"Remote sensing-based hazard assessment of glacial lakes in Sikkim Himalaya"
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Sharma, R. K.; Pradhan, Pranay; Sharma, N. P.; Shrestha, D. G. (2018).
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2021 IEEE International
Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS
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Racoviteanu, A.E.; Arnaud, Y.; Williams, M.W.; Manley, M.F. (2015).
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530:"NMSHE: National Mission For Sustaining The Himalayan Ecosystem"
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Sattar, Ashim; Goswami, Ajanta; Kulkarni, Anil V. (2019-06-10).
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Raj, K. Babu
Govindha; Remya, S. N.; Kumar, K. Vinod (2013).
408:"Glacial lake keeps disaster managers on toes in Sikkim"
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599:Choudhury, Subrata Nag; Ahmed, Aftab (2023-10-06).
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142:1.26 km (0.49 sq mi)
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356:Science of the Total Environment
267:10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553439
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636:This article about a lake is a
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460:10.1016/j.geomorph.2021.107783
203:According to the declassified
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261:(pp. 5489-5492). IEEE.
150:79.24 m (260.0 ft)
209:Central Intelligence Agency
181:Glacial lake outburst flood
134:0.45 km (0.28 mi)
126:1.98 km (1.23 mi)
16:Glacial-moraine-dammed lake
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62:27.9474806°N 88.3315389°E
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244:2023 Sikkim flash floods
213:United States Air Force
763:Sikkim geography stubs
748:Glacial lakes of India
412:www.downtoearth.org.in
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67:27.9474806; 88.3315389
328:10.5194/tc-9-505-2015
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319:2015TCry....9..505R
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286:References
147:Max. depth
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693:state of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
