Talk:History of the Jews in Kurdistan

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patronage and justice provided by the chieftains and the financial support provided by the Jews to endure troubles and caprices of chieftains. New reports and vivid tales unveil the status of Jews in the tribal setting; the slavery of rural Jews; the conversion to Islam and the defense mechanisms adopted by Jewish leaders to annul conversion of abducted women. Other topics are the trade and occupations of the Jews and their financial exploitation by chieftains. The last part explores the experience of Jewish communities in Iraqi Kurdistan between World War I and the mass-migration to Israel (1951-52). The author, Mordechai Zaken, Ph.D. (2004) in Near Eastern Studies, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, specializes in the history of the Kurds, the oriental Jewry, and the minorities in the region. He served as the Adviser on Arab Affairs to the Prime Minister of Israel (1997-99).

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closer to the Syriacs of Semitic Assyrian stock, than to Aryan Kurds. Not everyone who lived in the Kurdistan region was ethnically Kurdish, in fact Syriac Christians & Syriac Jews are living proof of that. Further, at the time of conversion in 30 AD there were no Kurds in Kurdistan, there is absolutely no historical proof that the Kurdish language, ethnicity, or indeed nationality existed in Northern Iraq at that time. Also, the administration of Adiabene which was the Kingdom that contained these converts was conducted entirely in the Syriac language, it was the official language and even the coins minted in Adiabene contained Syriac lettering, suggesting very much that Jewish Adiabene was ethnically Syriac of Semitic, Assyrian stock.

2977:@Rafy, i think we should first discuss your move proposal, because it is complicated - some would say "Kurdish Jews" is same weight as "Babylonian Jews", "Baghdadi Jews" and "Persian Jews" (relating to Jewish communities of Mesopotamia, named on countries which no more exist). "Iraqi Jews" is a modern naming which caught up in the 20th century, thus considering Iraq still exists and no Jews are present there it should indeed be 'History of Jews in Iraq". On the same weight the only closest issue on Kurdish Jews is "History of Jews in Iraqi Kurdistan", because otherwise it confuses what is "Kurdistan" today (Iraqi, Syrian, Iranian?). 1962:

and Arabs by whom a lot of Assyrians were assimilated. Many Kurds, Arabs and Turks are actually of Assyrian origin. Assyrians themselves also have assimilated other peoples in the past such as the Akkadians, Hittites, Hatti etc. Wave after wave of conquering peoples assimilated the previous peoples, so in this region everybody shares genetics with each other. Belonging to an ethnic group such as Kurds, Turks or Arabs doesn't guarantee that you genetically belong to that group. Most Turks are for example genetically not central Asian/Turkic but are descendants of turkified Persians, Kurds, Arabs, and Greeks etc.

1715:' (an article partly written by some missionary using the POV term 'followers of Jesus'), it would be more neutral to title the article 'History of the Jews in Kurdistan' like someone else suggested. The ethnonym 'Kurd' relates primarily to persons speaking a Kurdish language and/or claiming a Kurdish ethnic heritage, which doesn't seem to be the case of either Jews or Assyrian Christians (or Arabs and Turkmens) living ou having their family roost in some part of 'Kurdistan'. The situation will of course be different if/when a Kurshish state will gain admission to the U.N. -- 1968:

ordered these massacres (there are no documents/proof of such orders though) but in the end it wasn't the Turks but the Kurds who bloodied their hands with Assyrian blood. The ottoman government MIGHT be guilty of ordering the Kurdish militia's to commit the massacres and they DID order the tehcir/relocation but it is 100% CERTAIN that the Kurds committed the actual murders. So to me it is very strange when I hear a Kurd accuse the Turks of a genocide against Armenians and Assyrians when they are the ones who actually committed the massacres.

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which refers only to the ancient people. Even then, assyrian jews are not the same as kurdish jews and shouldn't be mixed up in one article. The fact that these kurdish jews spoke aramaic doesn't prove that they were assyrians since aramaic was spoken throughout the whole middle east prior to islam while hebrew was virtually extinct. Hebrew was only revived in the 20th century by zionists. The kurdish jews are either kurds who adopted judaism, jews who adopted the kurdish language/culture (most likely) or a mix of both.

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the wild tribal region of Kurdistan; the Jews gave their chieftains dues, gifts and services. The text provides numerous tales and examples about the skills, maneuvers and innovations used by kurdistani Jews in their daily life to confront abuse, extortion and of greedy chieftains and tribesmen. The text also tells the stories of Kurdish chieftains who saved and protected the Jews unconditionally.

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empire in 612 BC the Persians, then Greeks, then Romans, then Arabs and lets not forget the assyrians themselves have written about them. A Middle East Genetic Study has shown that Assyrians are a distict peoples who share little to no features with anyone else in the world. However it also states that many Iraqi/Syrian Arabs and Kurds have alot of traces of Assyrian genetics in them.

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they were muslims, but still they didn't mix with arabs. Only a few few rare bit of the Kurds did it. Of course they didn't marry Assyrians because they were christians. But when the Turks started a massacre on Armenians (it was meant on armenians, but Assyrians too got killed because they had the same faith) some kurds (few) forced Assyrians to marry them.

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identification as Kurds). The majority of Kurdish Jews reside in Israel, and are currently Hebrew speaking as their first language, with the elderly also speaking Kurdish dialects. Aramaic has been the community's liturgical language for extensive period of history (probably since Persian period, when Aramaic became

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stories of Kurds protecting and hiding Christians during the genocide, that is true but only a small amount (50-100) did help others; however if they got caught, they would've been killed by their fellow Kurds. It is true that the commanders were Turks but Kurds did carry out killings and that is SHAMEFUL.

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their second language. They mostly lived among Christians, except in Rowanduz perhaps, and they have never identified themselves as being Kurds in any way. If you take a look at Google Books results you will find out that the more specialised ones calls them either "Kurdistani Jews" or "Jews of Kurdistan".

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Mordechai Zaken , Jewish Subjects and Their Tribal Chieftains in Kurdistan: A Study in Survival, Brill: Boston and Leiden, 2007. This book is Based on new oral sources, carefully analyzed, and explores the relationships between Jewish subjects and their tribal chieftains in Kurdistan, focusing on the

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Recently, an important book came out, by Mordechai Zaken, describing the unique relationship between Jews in urban and rural Kurdistan and the tribal society under whose patronage the Jews lived for hundreds of years. Tribal chieftains, or aghas, granted patronage to the Jews who needed protection in

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tax, etc. However, today, those Jews (and their descendents), whether they still live in the area or not, identify as Bukharan Jews. My point, however, is that I think you are building a link or making conjectures that do not exist. While Assyrian Christians may object or be insulted to be considered

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The fact that you think that those Jews used to or still identify as Kurds is another reason why we should rename the article. The Jewish population in the region dates back to the 7th century B.C. long before the Kurds started appearing there, they spoke Aramaic and had Kurdish, Persian or Arabic as

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debate). Can one be ethnically Kurdish and religiously Jewish? Of course! I think that is partially what the article is getting at. The real issue of contention is whether to have the page as "Jews of Kurdish origin" (Which I think the page does an OK job of explaining) or as "Jews from Kurdistan". I

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You are right that Assyrians share genetics with a lot of other peoples, for example with the Jews who are basically a branch of Arameans/Assyrians (Abraham was Aramean) who moved to present day Israel and mixed with the local Canaanite peoples. They also share genetics with the Persians, Kurds/Medes

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This is going on a different topic now, but does this guy claim that Assyrians are ethnically Kurds...and changed with name in the 19th cen.??? Cause that is very false. Assyrians have been documented before 6758 years ago and throughout history have continued their name. Even after the fall of thier

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Since the article contrasts Kurdish Jews with Muslim Kurds, I felt that I needed to mention that I'd read something a while back about (Gentile) Kurds practicing another religion before Islam. Come to think of it, I think I've heard something about some (Gentile) Kurds STILL not practicing Islam, but

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One point you might have missed - a significant portion of those Jews self-identified Kurdish despite the fact there was no Kurdish state in 1948-1951 (when they were evacuated to Israel), unlike Jews of Yemen and other Jews of Iraq, both of which were named for Yemenite and Iraqi nationality - none

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as Kurdish Jews. This is supported by majority of sources, and this is also the self-identification of this community. In fact the Kurdish Jews are unique, in the sense they self-identify as both Kurdish and Jewish (claiming Jewish ancestry and religion, while merging it into the pan-ethnic cultural

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You're telling him not to rewrite history with bigotry? You're are a hypocrite and uneducated Qurd. Assyrians and Armenians never committed any atrocities with Russian troops. Before WW1, the Armenians complained about Bedouins and Kurds raiding and pillaging their villages. You said that there were

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Assyrian's are not mix of Hurrian and Akkadian elements, Assyrian's are a mix of Akkadian, Hurrian, Aramean, Persian, and Amorite people. Subaru is not the correct name, the name you are looking for is Subartu. Subartu comes from Sumerian to mean the north of Iraq but that was soon dropped after the

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I'm not trying to draw any comparisons and I realise that Jews has much less to complain about Ottoman and Kurds than their Christian counterparts. Back to our subject, "Kurdish" is an ethnicity while "Kurdistan" is a region (Just like Bukhara, Yemen, Iraq, Iran... etc.). Since we attribute Jews to

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You are not right though when you blame the massacres on Assyrians on Turks only. That is completely untrue. Everybody knows that these massacres were committed mostly by Kurdish militia's/bandits and only to a lesser extent by Circassians, Arabs and Turks. You can argue that the ottoman government

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Kurdish Christians, that does not mean that Jews in the area would be as well. I think you are trying to draw comparisons between the Jewish and Assyrian experience in the region that may or may not exist. While they may have been similar, I don't know if they are as similar as you are suggesting.

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I'm under the impression that the Kurdish Jews are actually racially/ethnically Kurdish. Some people would ask if it's possible to be 100% Kurdish and 100% Jewish at the same time. I'm figuring out more all the time that the whole concept of race is far more complex than a lot of people realize it

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Here is what I dont understand; why are Jews from the region of Kurdistan considered ethnically Kurdish? Jews from Baghdad were not considered "arab" but they were considerd Iraqi, in terms of nationality. So were Jews from Poland considered ethnically Polish? The Jews from the region of Kurdistan

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Lets go through this again... Those Jews were not ethnically Kurdish, just like the Jews who lived between Arabs were not ethnically Arabic. We say "Yemenite Jews" and "Iraqi Jews" to attribute them to the geographical regions of Iraq and Yemen, and that was my argument for changing the article's

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Why is this included in the article. Yahudoye Othuroye means Ancient Assyrian Jews. There are no othuroye/ancient assyrians living today. There are modern assyrians who claim to be descendants of the ancient assyrians and they, together with the arameans/chaldeans are called suryoye, not othuroye

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before islam, and they never ever marry annother people, not even todays Yezidis marry annother Kurd if he isn't yezidi (read the article and you will understand). And with that they were 100% ethnical kurds. Then islam came. And when Kurds converted to Islam, they were allowed to marry others if

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I just want to add that "Kurdish Jews" are not ethnically Kurdish, rather they are ethnically Jews. They are the decendents of the Jews who were exiled from their land by the Assyrians and Babylonians. They were not Kurdish back then. The Term Kurdish Jews is very confusing to many here as we can

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The religion of the Jews in Kurdistan was Jewish, their nationality was Kurdistani and their language was Syriac, however their ethnic identity is less pronounced. The Jews in today's Kurdistan region converted to Judiasm in 30 AD and were Syriac speaking people, which makes their ethnicity much

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Yup- Indeed, Kurds were mainly Yazidi before Islam. Kurds living before WWII or their descendents do have stories of Kurdish Jews who once lived with them. Most left after the formation of Israel though. I don't think most of these Jews were converts, but were probably descendents of a displaced

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To the contrary... I don't think there are any Jews who embrace a "Kurdish identity". I would even imagine that the term is insulting for them (Just like Assyrians would be insulted if called "Kurdish Christians"). The majority of them live indeed in Israel and speak Hebrew but Aramaic is still

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Don’t try to re-write the history with your bigotry, there was an irregular Kurdish Cavalry “Al Hamidia” that committed some of the atrocities, however the top commanders as a rule with these troops was commanded by a Turk, don’t forget that. Other killings that were done by the Kurds was as a

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reaction (revenge) to an earlier atrocities that were committed by the Assyrians and Armenians accompanied by Russian troops against peaceful Kurdish villagers. On the other hand, there are a lot of stories of Kurds protecting and hiding the Armenians and Christians from the massacre.

2743:, there are some who disagree with the term, but rather than get consumed in a historical debate on the subject (Who was here first and who massacred whom, etc.) why don't we just keep the term the way it is. It may not make everyone happy, but it's probably the best course of action. 3497:

The article discusses Jews in all parts of Kurdistan. not only those currently part of Iraq. There is no reason to restrict the scope and title to just one section of Kurdish Jews. And it would seem to be politically problematic to conflate "Kurdistan" with "Iraqi Kurdistan".

2312:. We have turned away from having references in the form booian fooain, in favour of Booian of Fooian descent. That is unnecessarily complicated in this case. If we are dealing with this ethnicity after emigration fro example to US, it should be Jews of Kurdistni descent. 1916:

Yes yes, like the assyrian/suryan wrote in the text above, "assyrians share no genetics with any people in the world". Then you are not Humanbeings right? Aliens? By this you mean that your people came from the sky? Suuuuure, if that's what you think, go ahead do so.

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I always read the term 'Kurdim' in English articles mentioning the existence of the so-called 'Kurdish Jews' in Israel. Shouldn't this term be mentioned in the article as the local ethnonym used in Israel, even if the one used by themselves in 'Kurdistan' probably was

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Assyrians are not a distinct people, they are a mix of Hurrian and Akkadian element, the designation Assyrian was derived from their God Assur. Babylonians, Assyrian neighbours in the south called Assyrian by the name Subaru - a tribe of Hurrian origin.

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They never identified as "Kurdish" and neither Kurds nor Christians considered them as such. The name was applied to them by others who attributed them to the region where they originally settled. I understand that this is a common misconception in

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A very intresting fact. i know it from my mother side' wich is kurdish. my grandfathr and grandmother spoke it, and aramic to. they are from zakho and dohouk. no one mention this fact, only the aramic' and i think it should be mentioned/

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in this context. I seriously doubt she was referred to by the title or received formal semicha. And, while being the female leader of a yeshiva is certainly notable, it is completely different from the implications of semicha and being a

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It's funny when you look for videos of "Kurdish Jews" on youtube you find instead people speaking Aramaic identical to the one spoken in Northern Iraq and wearing traditional clothing similar to those worn by Assyrians and not

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I find it highly anachronistic that the only place with significant Kurdish Jewish community suffers of "misconception". It is rather surprising that the "true" conseption is held by people who might have never seen a Kurdish

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Prior to the mass conversion to Islam, many of what comprise modern "Kurds" were, in fact, Jewish. If you look back in Mas. Gittin you find mention of several Kurdish kingdoms which were wholly Jewish, including

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I think the current name is misleading as those Jews are 1) not ethnically Kurdish and 2) Have existed in the region many centuries before the Kurds dominated the area. The name "Kurdish Jews" appears to be

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The article is not titled Jewish Kurds, but Kurdish Jews. If the article is correct, they speak (also) Kurdish, and dress like the neighbouring Kurds, so the adjective "Kurdish" is justified here, I suppose.

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Please change the article to 'Kurdistani Jews'. Or, 'Jews of Kurdistan'. There has never been a Kurdish Jew. If anything their nationality is closer to the language they used 'Syriac' than to Kurdish.

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Listen everyone, there ARE Kurds who believe in christianity! There ARE Kurds who belivie in Judaism! There ARE "Kurdish Jews" (kurds who follows Judaism) and Kurdish Christians. Religon is NOT ethnicity.

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2- please note that the photo of the manuscript page File:Kurdish_Jews,_Purim.jpg is upside down, if someone knows how to change that just do it (and please tell me how to, I'll be so delighted) thanks

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their geographical distribution in "Kurdistan" and "Bukhara" and not the ethnic groups they shared their habitat with ("Kurds" and "Uzbeks"), then we should use "Bukharan Jews" and "Kurdistani Jews".--

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You could say what you are saying about any Jewish population, however. Russian Jews spoke Yiddish, as well as Russian and Hebrew (for liturgical purposes), yet they are still considered Russian Jews.

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are the same Jews that were deported by the Asssyrians from Judah. This is proven by Jews of Kurdistna region still speaking the Aramaic language (the same language of the Assyrian empire.) I like how

1462:)" This is just plain wrong. Somewhere. Either it's "Yahadut Kurdistan" in Standard Hebrew, or the Hebrew should be spelled יהודי כורדיסתאן. Someone with the requisite knowledge, please fix this. 636: 3624:

In 69 CE when the Romans attacked Jerusalem "Volunteers from Adiabene , most of whom were Kurds who had converted to Judaism , joined the Jewish army and sacrificed their lives in these clashes."

3585:"Volunteers from Adiabene , most of whom were Kurds who had converted to Judaism , sacrificed their lives in these clashes." source : Habib Levy, Comprehensive History of the Jews of Iran, p.108 1640:

see. Just to clarify They are ethnic Jews, not Kurds, their language is mainly Aramiac (old-assyrian) and they are ethnically closer to their Assyrian neighbours then they are to the Kurds.

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Jewish Tribe. Many went on to become powerful rulers of kingdoms in the region. Overtime though, they gradually became accustomed to Kurdish culture, while keeping their own traditions.

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It's not wrong. Aramaic is their religious language. Same as a vas amount of Ethnic Kurdish Christians who gradually started to consider themselves as Assyrian since 19th.

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Another prominent Jew was Nahum the Mede, who was a first-century tanna of the first generation who came to the Land of Israel from Media in present-day Kurdistan."

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In biblio, link associated w/ "Schwartz, Howard. The Day the Rabbi Disappeared. Jewish Holiday Tales of Magic. Illustrated by Monique Passicot. Viking, 2000.

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were moved without discussion. BTW, Jews were concentrated in the Iraqi region but there were also communities in Iranian and Turkish Kurdistan as well.--

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Tempest in a teacup. Kurdish Jews is fine. Same as "Yemenite Jews" rather than Jews of Yemen, which would seem to imply Jews who actually live in Yemen--

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in google books but what is striking is that the title of most books discussing them usually goes as either "Kurdistani Jews" of "Jews of Kurdistan".

1708:' 'Jews of Kurdistan' article: 'In Kurdistan: Hōzāyē (by the Jews themselves), Hūdāyē (by the Christians), Juhū (by the Kurds); in Israel: Kurdim.'. 559: 3701: 3681: 3463: 1222: 906: 96: 3726: 3676: 3381:

I agree this section should be removed. I couldn't find any sources that supports the claims. Actually I've found sources that contradicts them.--

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Assyrian empire took place. From the look of it, you believe Mehrdad Izady is correct? If you do, you are not very smart. have a good day

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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a

3259:-- The Kurds are an ethnic group. The Jews referred to are (or were) those living among them, but they woule still be Jews, not Kurds. 3072:

Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a

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This section got deleted. I think its pretty obvious this page is about the history of Jews in the area which is now called Kurdistan.

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feel as if the former is a better example of the heart of this article than the other. Plus, if we look at the results that

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This topic is not my specialism at all, so am not editing the page, but I removed the following lengthy section from the

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Assyrian ancestor (akkadian) came from Southern Mesopotamia (near Bagdad) and eventually created a state called Assyria.

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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

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on this one. this whole thing is being blown out of proportion. As we can see in earlier discussions on this talk page

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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

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I don't know about the Iraqi Jews page, but i suggest to make official rename proposal here - let's see some opinions.

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found for us, it seems as if "Kurdish Jews" is the more widely used terminology in scholarly works on the subject.

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which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —

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Apparently, there are Kurds who have embraced Christianity, so what's the problem with the article title

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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sure there are some non-semites who follow the Jewish faith, but all Jews (not religion) are semetic

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There are Kurdish Jews too. They are not ethnic jews, but they are Kurds who converted to Judaism.

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Additionally, we should not equate "countries" with "states". We have, for instance, articles on

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are a perfect example here. They used to (and for a portion, still do) live in what was once the

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celebration for example is originally a Zoroastrian celebration (based on the ancient Assyrian

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This is fact, there was many kurds who followed christianity and now consider them as

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why deleting a complete section when its about the history of "Jews" in Kurdistan"?

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For dedicated editors of this page: The "Related Groups" info was removed from all

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of Yemenite and Iraqi Jews self-identify as "Yemenite" or "Iraqi" in ethnic sense.

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etc., defining Jews on their community past affiliation) and opinions to there (

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Day to Mark the Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran

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You're right, it should be just הוזייה, without the כורדינייה. I'll change it.

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The article currently says that the Hebrew for Kurdish Jews is, and I quote, "(

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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a

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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a

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is. But, I still have a lot to learn about Kurdish Jews. (or Jewish Kurds?)

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Articles about ethnic groups that currently have issues needing resolution:

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the kurdish jews of northern iraq, spoke also kurmanji, and not only aramic

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To be frank, I don't believe it right to speak of 'Kurdish Jews', nor of '

1162:

Resolve the disparity in importance rankings among different ethnic groups

849: 828: 3310: 2027: 2023: 1419:) which is still celebrated today among Kurds and other Iranic peoples. 1308: 1071:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of articles relating to 281:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of articles related to 2505: 2501: 1931: 878: 1750:

If they are Kurdish Jews, how can they help but also be Jewish Kurds?

1129: 3457:– The article mainly deals with Jewish history in the area of modern 2807:

Unwitting Zionists - the Jewish community of Zakho in Iraqi Kurdistan

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Yes, it should be mentioned of course. You may add this if you like.

2858: 2848: 2996:" style used with other similar articles. Many other articles like 877:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of the subject of 771:

Basic Law proposal: Israel as the Nation-State of the Jewish People

3579:

Hi, I added below which is by a renowned Iranian Jewish Historian

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on this one - there are opinions to here (on the same weight of

2785:

article, and leave it for editors here to decide what is usable.

2108:

1- I corrected the Hebrew and its transliteration יהודיYehudei

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but it got removed. Why? because it mentions the name "Kurd"?

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Your comfort level is hardly a basis for editing in light of

1629:

Are Kurdish Jews Semitic? I've heard that not all Jews are.

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by a large number of users, the section should be removed.

1581:

and I think the same should be done to this page as well.

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Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Ethnic groups/Article requests

2417:), but none Kurdish Jews actually use the language today. 1555:

This discussion should be held in her article, not here.

3474:, etc.), Kurdistan should be updated to Iraqi Kurdistan 3062:

The following discussion is an archived discussion of a

2160:

The following discussion is an archived discussion of a

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Articles needing translation from Hebrew Knowledge (XXG)

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The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a

3276:

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a

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The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a

1338:

Or you could be confusing the Kurdish Jews with the

1187:

Category:Ethnic groups articles needing reassessment

1177:

Category:Ethnic groups articles needing merge action

982:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 553:

Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 2005

386:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 3420:. No further edits should be made to this section. 3076:. No further edits should be made to this section. 185: 3550:. No further edits should be made to this section. 3290:. No further edits should be made to this section. 3193:, relating to Jewish experience in modern states). 2992:I thought the new title better complies with the " 1732:? And what's so POV about "followers of Jesus"? -- 3211:Actually there are other historical regions, see 1192:Category:Ethnic groups articles needing attention 1182:Category:Ethnic groups articles needing infoboxes 3461:; since all "history of the Jews in <foo: --> 2436:spoken by the first two generations of migrants. 44:for general discussion of the article's subject. 739:Knowledge (XXG) requested photographs in Israel 3717:Mid-importance Jewish history-related articles 3301:Looks like this article has been renamed from 2879:, then the same rule should apply to the word 2504:, which is a Judeo-Tajik language, much like 1158:of articles within the scope of this project. 8: 2026:spring festival is orginated in the ancient 2022:Genetically these peoples are the same. The 724:Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries 1277:I've long been curious about these people. 3561:There is a move discussion in progress on 3406:The following is a closed discussion of a 2805:I would like to mention this book as well 2067:. $ 15.99. 80 pp." ain't there any more. 2035: 1779:"related groups" info removed from infobox 1258:This article was previously nominated for 1172:Category:Unassessed Ethnic groups articles 1118: 1033: 996:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Jewish history 928: 823: 654:Israel articles missing geocoordinate data 538:WikiProject Israel Palestine Collaboration 499:Unknown-importance Israel-related articles 479:Here are some tasks awaiting attention: 433: 332: 227: 3515:History of the Jews in the United Kingdom 1808: 1085:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Ethnic groups 3575:Why removing data from reliable sources? 3464:history of the Jews in the United States 2863:" is Aramaic nor they called themselves 709:Knowledge (XXG) requested maps in Israel 3712:C-Class Jewish history-related articles 2831: 1035: 930: 825: 334: 229: 199: 3687:Mid-importance Israel-related articles 3462:" articles refer to modern countries ( 3455:History of the Jews in Iraqi Kurdistan 2102:1- Hebrew and 2- photo upside down 3732:Mid-importance Ethnic groups articles 2783:History of the Jews under Muslim rule 2581:. This is most common in English. -- 1700:, in the judeo-aramaic dialects like 1122:WikiProject Ethnic groups open tasks: 295:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Kurdistan 7: 3563:Talk:History of the Jews in Abkhazia 3425:The result of the move request was: 3358:Knowledge (XXG):No original research 3081:The result of the move request was: 2859: 2849: 2175:The result of the move request was: 1065:This article is within the scope of 976:This article is within the scope of 871:This article is within the scope of 380:This article is within the scope of 275:This article is within the scope of 3722:WikiProject Jewish history articles 3581:https://en.wikipedia.org/Habib_Levy 1294:I'm not an expert in any of this. 1262:. The result of the discussion was 999:Template:WikiProject Jewish history 891:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject History 568:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Israel 218:It is of interest to the following 34:for discussing improvements to the 3737:WikiProject Ethnic groups articles 1088:Template:WikiProject Ethnic groups 493:Unassessed Israel-related articles 400:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Israel 25: 3672:Mid-importance Kurdistan articles 1828:) 12:34:08, August 19, 2007 (UTC) 1497:I don't like the use of the term 688:Israel articles needing attention 671:Israel articles needing infoboxes 61:New to Knowledge (XXG)? Welcome! 18:Talk:History of Jews in Kurdistan 3451:History of the Jews in Kurdistan 3307:History of the Jews in Kurdistan 2128: 1793:infoboxes. Comments may be left 1385:before islam. (read the article 1251: 1128: 1058: 1037: 963: 953: 932: 858: 848: 827: 514:Cleanup listing for this project 470: 367: 357: 336: 262: 252: 231: 200: 56:Click here to start a new topic. 36:History of the Jews in Kurdistan 3702:Mid-importance history articles 3682:C-Class Israel-related articles 3503:History of the Jews in Scotland 1105:This article has been rated as 1016:This article has been rated as 1002:Jewish history-related articles 911:This article has been rated as 704:Module:Location map/data/Israel 420:This article has been rated as 315:This article has been rated as 3727:C-Class Ethnic groups articles 3677:WikiProject Kurdistan articles 3511:History of the Jews in England 3377:01:10, 10 September 2014 (UTC) 3113:– As per discussion above and 2050:12:46, 17 September 2015 (UTC) 651:Add geographic coordinates to 565:Participate in discussions at 298:Template:WikiProject Kurdistan 1: 3472:History of the Jews in Jordan 3468:History of the Jews in Turkey 3213:History of the Jews in Alsace 3098:16:48, 11 February 2013 (UTC) 2931:02:33, 25 February 2012 (UTC) 2916:01:29, 25 February 2012 (UTC) 2822:17:30, 5 September 2011 (UTC) 2795:17:06, 5 September 2011 (UTC) 2753:16:02, 5 September 2011 (UTC) 2721:16:25, 5 September 2011 (UTC) 2706:13:19, 5 September 2011 (UTC) 2665:06:18, 4 September 2011 (UTC) 2650:14:15, 2 September 2011 (UTC) 2608:05:05, 2 September 2011 (UTC) 2591:13:53, 1 September 2011 (UTC) 2565:14:27, 2 September 2011 (UTC) 2527:03:52, 2 September 2011 (UTC) 2480:13:43, 1 September 2011 (UTC) 2198:21:52, 6 September 2011 (UTC) 2147:18:23, 25 February 2010 (UTC) 2121:23:19, 15 February 2010 (UTC) 1878:Correction to the above : --> 1851:08:40, 17 February 2008 (UTC) 1579:History of the Jews in Poland 1562:11:25, 21 February 2006 (UTC) 1551:10:56, 21 February 2006 (UTC) 1511:12:55, 14 February 2006 (UTC) 1487:12:55, 14 February 2006 (UTC) 1333:12:05, 12 December 2005 (UTC) 1324:05:59, 22 November 2005 (UTC) 1301:06:21, 21 November 2005 (UTC) 1284:06:16, 21 November 2005 (UTC) 1079:and see a list of open tasks. 990:and see a list of open tasks. 885:and see a list of open tasks. 394:and see a list of open tasks. 289:and see a list of open tasks. 53:Put new text under old text. 3707:WikiProject History articles 3507:History of the Jews in Wales 3303:History of Jews in Kurdistan 3269:17:52, 19 January 2013 (UTC) 3248:13:22, 21 January 2013 (UTC) 3191:History of the Jews in Syria 3134:00:43, 14 January 2013 (UTC) 3110:History of Jews in Kurdistan 2077:00:17, 12 October 2008 (UTC) 2018:Assyrians and "Kurdish Jews" 2002:23:11, 30 January 2010 (UTC) 1896:22:49, 30 January 2010 (UTC) 1809:'Kurdish Jews' is very wrong 1634:11:32, 8 February 2007 (UTC) 1477:00:45, 26 January 2006 (UTC) 1374:00:45, 26 January 2006 (UTC) 1352:01:05, 16 January 2006 (UTC) 894:Template:WikiProject History 736:Add pictures to articles in 3692:WikiProject Israel articles 3557:Move discussion in progress 3391:15:54, 4 October 2014 (UTC) 3203:19:50, 6 January 2013 (UTC) 3187:History of the Jews in Iraq 3169:16:00, 6 January 2013 (UTC) 3047:21:52, 5 January 2013 (UTC) 3033:15:31, 5 January 2013 (UTC) 2987:14:29, 4 January 2013 (UTC) 2500:. Historically, they speak 2427:18:56, 31 August 2011 (UTC) 2401:00:21, 30 August 2011 (UTC) 2352:20:17, 29 August 2011 (UTC) 2322:18:13, 29 August 2011 (UTC) 2300:08:37, 23 August 2011 (UTC) 2265:17:11, 22 August 2011 (UTC) 2230:14:53, 29 August 2011 (UTC) 1381:Yes it is true, kurds were 623:Trial of Benjamin Netanyahu 403:Template:WikiProject Israel 3753: 3667:C-Class Kurdistan articles 3652:22:32, 28 March 2021 (UTC) 3608:22:25, 28 March 2021 (UTC) 3399:Requested move 11 May 2017 3350:) 21:41, 9 September 2014‎ 2013:13:49, 28 March 2014 (UTC) 1984:Comment to the above : --> 1907:13:41, 28 March 2014 (UTC) 1755:13:31, 18 April 2007 (UTC) 1746:06:11, 10 April 2007 (UTC) 1706:World culture encyclopedia 1608:) 23:44, 16 November 2006. 1111:project's importance scale 1022:project's importance scale 979:WikiProject Jewish history 917:project's importance scale 706:. Add maps to articles in 587:Diamond industry in Israel 426:project's importance scale 321:project's importance scale 1955:16:46, 22 June 2008 (UTC) 1873:01:03, 16 June 2008 (UTC) 1774:16:29, 22 June 2008 (UTC) 1720:20:04, 9 April 2007 (UTC) 1685:16:25, 22 June 2008 (UTC) 1659:00:56, 16 June 2008 (UTC) 1625:Are Kurdish Jews Semitic? 1619:05:37, 26 June 2007 (UTC) 1399:16:22, 22 June 2008 (UTC) 1289:pre-Muslim Gentile Kurds? 1135:WikiProject Ethnic groups 1117: 1104: 1068:WikiProject Ethnic groups 1053: 1015: 948: 910: 843: 432: 419: 352: 314: 247: 226: 91:Be welcoming to newcomers 3697:C-Class history articles 3570:05:08, 5 June 2020 (UTC) 3543:Please do not modify it. 3529:10:27, 13 May 2017 (UTC) 3490:18:23, 11 May 2017 (UTC) 3445:16:31, 21 May 2017 (UTC) 3413:Please do not modify it. 3321:19:27, 11 May 2014 (UTC) 3283:Please do not modify it. 3069:Please do not modify it. 2967:18:49, 17 May 2012 (UTC) 2952:23:33, 16 May 2012 (UTC) 2767:Please do not modify it. 2167:Please do not modify it. 2097:13:22, 4 June 2009 (UTC) 1978:14:21, 4 June 2009 (UTC) 1804:23:01, 18 May 2007 (UTC) 1586:15:08, 7 June 2006 (UTC) 1440:12:57, 4 June 2009 (UTC) 646:Geographical coordinates 3614:why deleting a section? 1590:because they are kurds 1506:that are implied here. 615:Public Defence (Israel) 516:is available. See also 406:Israel-related articles 2994:History of Jews in ... 2923:Ben Gershon - בן גרשון 2857:I think that neither " 2853:as an Aramaic endonym? 2803: 2284:"Kurdistani Jews" -Llc 2030:spring festival named 1091:Ethnic groups articles 208:This article is rated 86:avoid personal attacks 2798: 2731:I have to agree with 1820:comment was added by 1596:comment was added by 1536:considered a rabbi? 1532:sources that say she 1455:"Jews of Kurdistan", 437:Project Israel To Do: 278:WikiProject Kurdistan 212:on Knowledge (XXG)'s 111:Neutral point of view 3513:, or all three into 3055:Rename to History of 1788:Infobox Ethnic group 1704:. I read this in a ' 1411:prior to Islam. The 522:the tool's wiki page 518:the list by category 116:No original research 2278:"Kurdish Jews" -Llc 1482:I agree. Fixed it. 1227:discuss these tasks 1133:Here are some open 874:WikiProject History 786:Translate to Hebrew 3309:. Any objections? 2490:Emirate of Bukhara 1730:Kurdish Christians 1713:Kurdish Christians 1447:Hebrew translation 1403:Kurds were mainly 1210:Start an article: 702:See discussion at 383:WikiProject Israel 301:Kurdistan articles 214:content assessment 97:dispute resolution 58: 3638:comment added by 3594:comment added by 3435: 3432:non-admin closure 3352: 3338:comment added by 3245: 3166: 3135: 3133: 3095: 3030: 2913: 2703: 2647: 2579:Jews of Kurdistan 2562: 2492:, now modern day 2477: 2398: 2310:Jews of Kurdistan 2262: 2231: 2179:to support move. 2082:Yahudoye Othuroye 2052: 2040:comment added by 1992:comment added by 1957: 1941:comment added by 1886:comment added by 1875: 1863:comment added by 1853: 1841:comment added by 1829: 1687: 1671:comment added by 1661: 1649:comment added by 1609: 1577:is redirected to 1443: 1426:comment added by 1270: 1269: 1246: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1238: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1032: 1031: 1028: 1027: 927: 926: 923: 922: 822: 821: 818: 817: 814: 813: 810: 809: 668:Add infoboxes to 631:Pre-Modern Aliyah 603:Sephardic Haredim 331: 330: 327: 326: 194: 193: 77:Assume good faith 54: 16:(Redirected from 3744: 3654: 3610: 3545: 3527: 3429: 3415: 3375: 3351: 3332: 3318: 3285: 3246: 3241: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3167: 3162: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3130: 3128: 3118: 3112: 3093: 3071: 3031: 3026: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 2914: 2909: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2862: 2861: 2860:הוזייה כורדינייה 2852: 2851: 2850:הוזייה כורדינייה 2840: 2836: 2769: 2704: 2699: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2648: 2643: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2563: 2558: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2478: 2473: 2470: 2465: 2460: 2455: 2399: 2394: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2263: 2258: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2228: 2209: 2195: 2169: 2136: 2132: 2131: 2004: 1936: 1912:Assyrian and POV 1898: 1858: 1836: 1815: 1792: 1786: 1691:Hebrew: Kurdim ? 1666: 1644: 1591: 1543: 1469: 1460:Yehudi Kurdistan 1442: 1420: 1366: 1318: 1255: 1248: 1156:on the talk page 1153: 1147: 1132: 1119: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1062: 1055: 1054: 1049: 1041: 1034: 1004: 1003: 1000: 997: 994: 973: 968: 967: 966: 957: 950: 949: 944: 936: 929: 899: 898: 897:history articles 895: 892: 889: 868: 863: 862: 861: 852: 845: 844: 839: 831: 824: 619:Prisoner of Zion 560:Deletion sorting 474: 467: 466: 434: 408: 407: 404: 401: 398: 377: 372: 371: 370: 361: 354: 353: 348: 340: 333: 303: 302: 299: 296: 293: 272: 270:Kurdistan portal 267: 266: 265: 256: 249: 248: 243: 235: 228: 211: 205: 204: 196: 190: 189: 175: 106:Article policies 27: 21: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3742: 3741: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3633: 3616: 3589: 3577: 3559: 3554: 3541: 3518: 3459:Iraqi Kurdistan 3411: 3401: 3365: 3333: 3328: 3326:Ethnic Identity 3311: 3299: 3294: 3281: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3216: 3183:Babylonian Jews 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3137: 3124: 3108: 3067: 3057: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3004: 3001: 2975: 2939: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2884: 2855: 2845: 2844: 2843: 2837: 2833: 2787:BobFromBrockley 2779: 2774: 2765: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2674: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2618: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2533: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2448: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2369: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2233: 2224: 2220: 2214: 2191: 2187: 2181: 2165: 2155: 2129: 2127: 2104: 2084: 2058: 2020: 1987: 1914: 1881: 1816:—The preceding 1811: 1790: 1784: 1781: 1744: 1693: 1627: 1592:—The preceding 1570: 1541: 1495: 1467: 1457:Standard Hebrew 1453:יהדות כורדיסתאן 1449: 1421: 1364: 1316: 1291: 1275: 1203:Peruvian people 1151: 1145: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1047: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 991: 969: 964: 962: 942: 896: 893: 890: 887: 886: 864: 859: 857: 837: 806: 791:David Bar-Hayim 599:Rami Kleinstein 583:Ayala Procaccia 535:Participate in 465: 405: 402: 399: 396: 395: 373: 368: 366: 346: 300: 297: 294: 291: 290: 268: 263: 261: 241: 209: 132: 127: 126: 125: 102: 72: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3750: 3748: 3740: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3659: 3658: 3632: 3615: 3612: 3576: 3573: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3552: 3538:requested move 3532: 3448: 3423: 3422: 3408:requested move 3402: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3327: 3324: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3292: 3278:requested move 3272: 3271: 3253: 3252: 3251: 3250: 3206: 3205: 3102: 3101: 3079: 3078: 3064:requested move 3058: 3056: 3053: 3052: 3051: 3050: 3049: 2974: 2973:Alternate name 2971: 2970: 2969: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2933: 2854: 2846: 2842: 2841: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2772: 2762:requested move 2757: 2756: 2755: 2729: 2728: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2724: 2723: 2611: 2610: 2593: 2574: 2573: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2567: 2430: 2429: 2406: 2405: 2404: 2403: 2355: 2354: 2324: 2288: 2287: 2281: 2222: 2218: 2201: 2189: 2185: 2173: 2172: 2162:requested move 2156: 2154: 2153:Requested move 2151: 2150: 2149: 2139:Hope&Act3! 2113:Hope&Act3! 2109: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2083: 2080: 2057: 2054: 2019: 2016: 1983: 1981: 1980: 1964: 1963: 1913: 1910: 1865:207.210.17.162 1832: 1810: 1807: 1780: 1777: 1762: 1760: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1738: 1726: 1692: 1689: 1664: 1651:207.210.17.162 1638: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1621: 1598:80.136.117.174 1569: 1568:"Kurdish Jews" 1566: 1565: 1564: 1553: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1448: 1445: 1379: 1378: 1377: 1376: 1344: 1343: 1327: 1326: 1290: 1287: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1256: 1244: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1223:edit this list 1219: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1208: 1207: 1206: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1159: 1124: 1123: 1115: 1114: 1107:Mid-importance 1103: 1097: 1096: 1094: 1077:the discussion 1063: 1051: 1050: 1048:Mid‑importance 1042: 1030: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1018:Mid-importance 1014: 1008: 1007: 1005: 993:Jewish history 988:the discussion 984:Jewish history 975: 974: 971:Judaism portal 958: 946: 945: 943:Mid‑importance 940:Jewish history 937: 925: 924: 921: 920: 913:Mid-importance 909: 903: 902: 900: 883:the discussion 870: 869: 866:History portal 853: 841: 840: 838:Mid‑importance 832: 820: 819: 816: 815: 812: 811: 808: 807: 805: 804: 803: 802: 781: 773: 760: 743: 726: 713: 692: 675: 658: 641: 633: 572: 555: 542: 525: 503: 478: 476: 475: 464: 463: 458: 453: 448: 442: 439: 438: 430: 429: 422:Mid-importance 418: 412: 411: 409: 392:the discussion 379: 378: 362: 350: 349: 347:Mid‑importance 341: 329: 328: 325: 324: 317:Mid-importance 313: 307: 306: 304: 287:the discussion 274: 273: 257: 245: 244: 242:Mid‑importance 236: 224: 223: 217: 206: 192: 191: 129: 128: 124: 123: 118: 113: 104: 103: 101: 100: 93: 88: 79: 73: 71: 70: 59: 50: 49: 46: 45: 39: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3749: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3664: 3662: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3631: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3574: 3572: 3571: 3568: 3564: 3556: 3551: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3533: 3531: 3530: 3525: 3521: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3492: 3491: 3487: 3486: 3481: 3480: 3479: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3447: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3428: 3421: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3404: 3403: 3398: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3379: 3378: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3325: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3315: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3291: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3273: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3261:Peterkingiron 3258: 3255: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3240: 3239: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3209: 3208: 3207: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3170: 3165: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3122: 3116: 3111: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3096: 3090: 3088: 3084: 3077: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3059: 3054: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3029: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2955: 2954: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2944:132.64.31.100 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2919: 2918: 2917: 2912: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2847: 2835: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2809:by H. Gavish 2808: 2802: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2777:Orphaned text 2776: 2771: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2709: 2708: 2707: 2702: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2646: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575: 2566: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2530: 2529: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2486:Bukharan Jews 2483: 2482: 2481: 2476: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2446: 2444: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2433: 2432: 2431: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2336: 2335:Who is a Jew? 2332: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2314:Peterkingiron 2311: 2307: 2304: 2303: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2275: 2274: 2272: 2269:According to 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groups 1078: 1074: 1073:ethnic groups 1070: 1069: 1064: 1061: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1046: 1045:Ethnic groups 1043: 1040: 1036: 1023: 1019: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1006: 989: 985: 981: 980: 972: 961: 959: 956: 952: 951: 947: 941: 938: 935: 931: 918: 914: 908: 905: 904: 901: 884: 880: 876: 875: 867: 856: 854: 851: 847: 846: 842: 836: 833: 830: 826: 800: 796: 792: 789: 787: 783: 782: 780: 778: 774: 772: 769: 767: 766: 761: 758: 757: 752: 750: 749: 744: 741: 740: 735: 733: 732: 727: 725: 722: 720: 719: 714: 711: 710: 705: 701: 699: 698: 693: 690: 689: 684: 682: 681: 676: 673: 672: 667: 665: 664: 659: 656: 655: 650: 648: 647: 642: 639: 638: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 611:Nachum Heiman 608: 607:Zman Tel Aviv 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 581: 579: 578: 573: 570: 569: 564: 562: 561: 556: 554: 551: 549: 548: 543: 540: 539: 534: 532: 531: 526: 523: 519: 515: 512: 510: 509: 504: 501: 500: 495: 494: 489: 487: 486: 481: 480: 477: 473: 469: 468: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 443: 441: 440: 436: 435: 431: 427: 423: 417: 414: 413: 410: 393: 389: 385: 384: 376: 375:Israel portal 365: 363: 360: 356: 355: 351: 345: 342: 339: 335: 322: 318: 312: 309: 308: 305: 288: 284: 280: 279: 271: 260: 258: 255: 251: 250: 246: 240: 237: 234: 230: 225: 221: 215: 207: 203: 198: 197: 188: 184: 181: 178: 174: 170: 166: 163: 160: 157: 154: 151: 148: 145: 142: 138: 135: 134:Find sources: 131: 130: 122: 121:Verifiability 119: 117: 114: 112: 109: 108: 107: 98: 94: 92: 89: 87: 83: 80: 78: 75: 74: 68: 64: 63:Learn to edit 60: 57: 52: 51: 48: 47: 43: 37: 33: 29: 28: 19: 3634:— Preceding 3629: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3590:— Preceding 3587: 3584: 3578: 3560: 3542: 3535: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3484: 3477: 3476: 3449: 3437:Yashovardhan 3427:No consensus 3426: 3424: 3412: 3405: 3356:Please read 3340:185.34.17.14 3334:— Preceding 3329: 3313: 3312: 3300: 3282: 3275: 3256: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3217: 3179:Persian Jews 3174: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3138: 3125: 3120: 3105:Kurdish Jews 3103: 3082: 3080: 3068: 3061: 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