96:
256:, North Jakarta, and told the caretaker, Amir Biki, to remove brochures and banners critical of the government. Biki refused, so Hermanu removed them himself; to do so, he reportedly entered the prayer area of the mosque without removing his shoes (a serious violation of mosque etiquette). In response, local residents, led by mosque caretakers Syarifuddin Rambe and Sofwan Sulaeman, burned his motorcycle and attacked Hermanu while he was talking with another officer. The two then arrested Rambe and Sulaeman, as well as another caretaker, Achmad Sahi, and an unemployed man named Muhamad Noor.
1254:
139:
128:
349:(Komnas HAM) to further investigate the massacre; inside the DPR, representatives A.M. Fatwa and Abdul Qodir Jaelani, both previously arrested after the massacre, pressed for further investigation. In 1999, Komnas HAM agreed to investigate the incident, forming the Commission for the Investigation and Examination of Human Rights Violations in Tanjung Priok (KP3T).
419:. The prosecution was led by Widodo Supriyadi, and Deputy Speaker of the DPR A.M. Fatwa served as a witness for the prosecution. Several officers prosecuted were convicted, while Sriyanto and Pranowo were acquitted. In 2004, the Attorney General's Office unsuccessfully appealed the acquittals of Sriyanto and Pranowo. The convictions were later overturned by the
410:
Under international pressure, in 2003 the DPR approved the use of the 2000 human rights law to bring perpetrators of the massacre to trial for crimes against humanity; the trial began in
September of that year. Those brought to trial included Colonel Sutrisno Mascung, leader of Platoon II of the Air
431:
on the
Independence of Judges and Lawyers, Gabriela Carina Knaul de Albuquerque e Silva, imploring her to intervene in the case. The survivors also requested compensation of Rp1.015 billion (US$ 130,000) from the government for their "pain and loss". Although victims and their representatives asked
426:
The trial was criticized by human rights groups and activists; German author Fabian Junge argued that "prosecutors deliberately ignored substantial evidence while scare-tactics and bribery were rampant outside court". Approaching the 25th anniversary of the massacre, the victims, aided by the Human
406:
1.5-2 million (US$ 200–250). The first islah covered 86 families, as represented by Rambe, while the second covered Biki's family; by 1 March 2001 a number of islah had been made. As a result of the islah, several victims or their families, suggested to
Attorney General M.A. Rachman that charges be
312:
Initial reports suggested 20 dead. Current official records give a total of 24 killed and 54 injured (including the military), while survivors report over a hundred killed. Tanjung Priok residents estimate a total of 400 killed or missing, while other reports suggest up to 700 victims.
368:
sticks, outnumbering and overwhelming the security forces. The FPI was upset at the commission's report on the massacre and perceived collusion with the military, arguing that it had ignored actions by the military; it insisted that the commission be abolished. Meanwhile,
356:, including former prosecutor general Djoko Sugianto. The resulting report, released in early June 2000, found that there had been no systematic massacre in the incident. This was not well received by the general public. On 23 June 2000, approximately 300 members of the
308:
After the riots, at least 169 civilians were allegedly held without warrant. Some were reportedly tortured. The leaders were arrested and tried for subversion, then given long sentences when convicted. Others, including as Amir Biki, were among those killed.
280:(UTC+7), the protestors surrounded the military command. Military personnel from the 6th Air Defence Artillery Battalion opened fire on the protestors. Around midnight, eyewitnesses saw Jakarta Regional Military Command chief
300:
The military reported that the riots had been triggered by a man in a fake military uniform who distributed anti-government pamphlets along with 12 other accomplices; it reported having the man in custody. General
376:
wrote that Komnas HAM had seemingly applied double standards when investigating the issue; he said that they seemed more reluctant to investigate the
Tanjung Priok incident than they had been in investigating the
272:
office, where the four prisoners were being held. Along the way, the group's numbers swelled, with estimates ranging between 1,500 and several thousand. The family's store, a pharmacy, was burned to the ground.
411:
Defense
Artillery Battalion at the time, and 13 subordinates. Higher-ranking officials from the time, including Try Sutrisno and Benny Moerdani, were exempted from prosecution, as were former President
924:
1745:
875:
2026:
969:
370:
388:
In
October 2000, Komnas HAM released another report indicating that 23 individuals, including Sutrisno and Moerdani, should be investigated for their involvement; it called for an
940:
305:
was arrested for allegedly inciting the riots. After a four-month trial, he was convicted; he was eventually released in
September 1990, after serving five years in jail.
1142:
1126:
346:
2539:
2514:
1673:
1069:
1045:
1002:
891:
1190:
1018:
1730:
2519:
916:
2524:
1094:
288:
supervising the removal of the victims; the corpses were loaded into military trucks and buried in unmarked graves, while the wounded were sent to
867:
2494:
1683:
2448:
848:
977:
2534:
1803:
1678:
2394:
1663:
952:
2504:
402:) with victims' families; although the islah did not contain admissions of guilt, it did provide for victims to receive a lump sum of
342:
2499:
1571:
1314:
428:
2061:
1183:
100:
2529:
2469:
1798:
382:
2389:
2036:
2484:
2443:
2438:
1688:
1150:
1118:
1053:
2374:
2144:
1903:
1483:
398:
calling for further investigation and the impending tribunal, several military officials made contracts of forgiveness (
289:
2369:
1176:
994:
285:
143:
1025:
1077:
2509:
2489:
2474:
1762:
899:
420:
235:, Indonesia. Government reports give a total of 24 killed and 54 injured, while survivors report over 100 killed.
2479:
2425:
2156:
2016:
1874:
1626:
378:
276:
Once at the military command, the group unsuccessfully demanded the release of the prisoners. At roughly 11 p.m.
1275:
2149:
1951:
1833:
1823:
1813:
1767:
1693:
1513:
433:
1346:
1280:
822:
Kesempatan yang Hilang, Janji yang tak
Terpenuhi. Pengadilan HAM Ad Hoc untuk Kejahatan di Tanjung Priok 1984
1908:
1854:
1703:
1668:
1658:
1531:
1213:
357:
1859:
1818:
1708:
1596:
1448:
1410:
1218:
1102:
302:
1351:
2415:
2031:
1757:
1698:
1473:
353:
1287:
427:
Rights
Working Group and the Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence, sent a letter to
1966:
1956:
1740:
1468:
1453:
826:
Lost
Opportunities, Unfulfilled Promises. Ad Hoc Human Rights Trial for the 1984 Tanjung Priok Crimes
373:
265:
243:
On 10 September 1984, Sergeant Hermanu, a member of the Community Advisory Non-Commissioned Officer (
2006:
1961:
1556:
2420:
2161:
2085:
2011:
1931:
1713:
1493:
1425:
1329:
1199:
2259:
2347:
2242:
1996:
1946:
1941:
1777:
1621:
1576:
1458:
1415:
1383:
1319:
844:
403:
395:
325:
in 1998, several groups were created to advocate for the rights of the victims, including the
277:
2215:
2203:
2079:
1864:
1782:
1752:
1611:
1541:
361:
2112:
1292:
2384:
2379:
2364:
1991:
1926:
1735:
1586:
1430:
1339:
322:
2220:
2182:
1936:
1921:
1606:
1601:
1581:
1551:
1536:
1420:
1393:
1299:
1253:
526:
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518:
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510:
508:
2463:
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2227:
2176:
1808:
1772:
1498:
1388:
711:
709:
707:
573:
571:
569:
541:
539:
253:
228:
55:
51:
607:
605:
264:
Two days after the arrest, Islamic cleric Abdul Qodir Jaelani gave a sermon against
2321:
2316:
1869:
1718:
1566:
1546:
1488:
1463:
1373:
1368:
1309:
1304:
416:
281:
132:
385:
leader Ahmad Sumargono called the verdict a disappointment to Muslims everywhere.
2117:
834:
341:; founded by Biki's widow Dewi Wardah and son Beni). These groups pushed for the
2326:
1828:
1616:
1503:
1478:
1403:
1398:
1363:
622:
620:
774:
772:
770:
436:
to further investigate the issue, as of 2011 the case has not come to closure.
2193:
2021:
1913:
1653:
1591:
1508:
1378:
1358:
1334:
1223:
658:
656:
654:
652:
639:
637:
635:
329:
1984 Foundation, the National Solidarity for the 1984 Tanjung Priok Incident (
269:
2107:
757:
755:
753:
751:
2341:
2278:
2272:
1973:
1324:
138:
127:
2305:
2283:
2254:
2247:
2198:
1723:
407:
dropped. However, the investigation continued, wrapping up in July 2003.
802:
530:
227:
was an incident that occurred on 12 September 1984, in the port area of
2264:
2188:
2171:
2134:
2129:
2095:
1236:
1231:
577:
545:
412:
247:
232:
715:
611:
335:), and the Extended Family for Victims of the Tanjung Priok Incident (
2288:
2237:
2232:
2208:
2166:
2139:
2124:
2100:
2090:
1849:
1241:
1168:
390:
365:
360:(FPI) attacked the headquarters of Komnas HAM while dressed in white
868:"Around the World; Calm Is Urged in Jakarta After Outbreak of Riots"
2336:
2071:
2066:
1561:
790:
626:
2331:
2311:
2056:
970:"Death Toll From 1984 Massacre at Tanjung Priok Still Uncertain"
917:"Jakarta Journal; Echoes From Past Rattle Suharto's 'New Order'"
778:
1172:
662:
643:
761:
828:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: KontraS / Watch Indonesia!.
268:
at As Saadah mosque. Afterwards, Biki led a protest to the
556:
554:
394:
tribunal to look into the matter further. With President
2027:
Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism
352:
The KP3T consisted mainly of political figures from the
332:
Solidaritas Nasional untuk Peristiwa Tanjung Priok 1984
726:
724:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
673:
671:
364:
and green scarves. They broke windows with stones and
841:
Indonesia's Chinese Community under Political Turmoil
592:
590:
588:
586:
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
481:
459:
321:
With the influx of human rights movements after the
2403:
2357:
2297:
2049:
1982:
1894:
1887:
1842:
1791:
1646:
1639:
1522:
1439:
1268:
1261:
1206:
185:
157:
116:
82:
71:
63:
46:
28:
23:
336:
330:
244:
1674:Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals
1184:
338:Keluarga Besar Korban Peristiwa Tanjung Priok
8:
1044:Saraswati, Muninggar Sri (16 January 2003).
803:The Jakarta Post 2003, Court urged to pursue
531:Haryanto 2010, Death Toll From 1984 Massacre
578:The Jakarta Post 2009, Victims report to UN
1891:
1643:
1265:
1191:
1177:
1169:
716:The Jakarta Post 2000, FPI members attacks
612:The New York Times 1984, Around the World;
20:
1143:"Victims report to UN special rapporteur"
1046:"Tanjung Priok rights trial to go ahead"
560:
546:The Jakarta Post 2009, Victims 'may not
450:
270:North Jakarta Military District Command
1684:Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council
1129:from the original on 26 September 2009
1093:Taufiqurrahman, M. (28 January 2004).
995:"Govt slammed for human rights abuses"
791:The Jakarta Post 2003, Soeharto blamed
627:Erlanger 1990, Jakarta Journal; Echoes
2540:20th-century mass murder in Indonesia
2515:Riots and civil disorder in Indonesia
945:] rights commission headquarters"
915:Erlanger, Steven (13 December 1990).
742:
730:
698:
677:
596:
499:
7:
1804:Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party
1679:Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah
1119:"Victims 'may not get compensation'"
1070:"Soeharto blamed for Priok atrocity"
1005:from the original on 4 February 2013
843:]. Jakarta: TransMedia Pustaka.
779:Saraswati 2003, Tanjung Priok rights
206:
173:
1149:. 11 September 2009. Archived from
1019:"Massacre of Tanjung Priok in 1984"
993:Khalik, Abdul (12 September 2008).
663:Khalik 2008, Govt slammed for human
644:Taufiqurrahman 2004, I was tortured
347:National Commission on Human Rights
892:"Court urged to pursue Priok case"
762:KontraS, Massacre of Tanjung Priok
101:Republic of Indonesia Armed Forces
14:
2520:Anti-Islam sentiment in Indonesia
2032:Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya
1315:Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi
1076:. 16 January 2003. Archived from
927:from the original on 5 March 2016
252:) arrived at As Saadah Mosque in
107:Muslim residents of Tanjung Priok
2525:Massacres committed by Indonesia
1252:
968:Haryanto, Ulma (15 April 2010).
878:from the original on 24 May 2015
371:Minister of Law and Human Rights
290:Gatot Soebroto Military Hospital
137:
126:
94:
941:"FPI members attacks [
343:People's Representative Council
2037:December 2016 Jakarta protests
1918:Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia
951:. 24 June 2000. Archived from
898:. 10 July 2003. Archived from
836:Tionghoa dalam Pusaran Politik
76:
1:
2495:September 1984 events in Asia
1689:Indonesian Mujahedeen Council
2449:National Heroes of Indonesia
2375:Islamic criminal law in Aceh
1904:Spread of Islam in Indonesia
1731:Muslim Students' Association
1484:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
415:and former Justice Minister
2535:Military history of Jakarta
2370:Islam Yes, Islamic Party No
284:and Armed Forces commander
2556:
1276:Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari
833:Setiono, Benny G. (2008).
421:Supreme Court of Indonesia
16:1984 massacre in Indonesia
2505:1984 murders in Indonesia
2434:
2157:Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran
2017:Maluku sectarian conflict
1875:Mujahidin Indonesia Timur
1627:Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya
1250:
1024:. KontraS. Archived from
820:Junge, J. Fabian (2008).
379:1999 East Timorese crisis
201:24 killed and 54 injured
190:
162:
121:
87:
2500:1984 crimes in Indonesia
1952:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
1834:United Development Party
1824:Prosperous Justice Party
1814:National Awakening Party
1694:Indonesian Ulema Council
1347:Abdus Samad al-Palimbani
434:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
1909:Ottoman embassy to Aceh
1704:Islamic Defenders Front
1669:Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia
1659:Campus Dakwah Institute
1095:"I was tortured: Fatwa"
358:Islamic Defenders Front
246:Bintara Pembina Desa /
2530:Mass murder in Jakarta
2470:Massacres in Indonesia
2002:Tanjung Priok massacre
1860:Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid
1819:National Mandate Party
1597:Muhammad Rizieq Shihab
337:
331:
303:Hartono Rekso Dharsono
245:
225:Tanjung Priok massacre
209:100 killed or injured
34:; 40 years ago
32:12 September 1984
24:Tanjung Priok massacre
1709:Liberal Islam Network
1699:Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya
1474:Muhammad Jamil Jambek
1389:Maulana Malik Ibrahim
1125:. 14 September 2009.
874:. 17 September 1984.
429:UN Special Rapporteur
186:Casualties and losses
2485:Right-wing terrorism
2444:History of Indonesia
2439:Mosques in Indonesia
1967:Yogyakarta Sultanate
1532:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif
1469:Tahir bin Jalaluddin
1454:Abdul Karim Amrullah
374:Yusril Ihza Mahendra
2007:Talangsari incident
1799:Crescent Star Party
1557:Abdullah Gymnastiar
383:Crescent Star Party
2012:Insurgency in Aceh
1932:Kingdom of Kaimana
1714:Majelis Rasulullah
1494:Sulaiman ar-Rasuli
1426:Burhanuddin Ulakan
1330:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
1305:Yusuf al-Makassari
1200:Islam in Indonesia
1031:on 16 October 2011
921:The New York Times
872:The New York Times
2510:Massacres in 1984
2490:1984 in Indonesia
2475:Conflicts in 1984
2457:
2456:
2348:Tafsir Al-Mishbah
2045:
2044:
1997:Petition of Fifty
1957:Ternate Sultanate
1947:Mataram Sultanate
1942:Malacca Sultanate
1883:
1882:
1792:Political parties
1778:Sumatera Thawalib
1768:Rabithah Alawiyah
1635:
1634:
1622:Abdurrahman Wahid
1577:Nurcholish Madjid
1416:Ali Mughayat Syah
1411:Abdurrauf Singkil
1384:Sunan Gunung Jati
1320:Abdullah al-Misri
1288:Nawawi al-Bantani
980:on 20 August 2010
860:Online references
850:978-979-799-052-7
396:Abdurrahman Wahid
221:
220:
217:
216:
212:
204:
181:
180:
112:
111:
2547:
2480:1980s in Jakarta
2426:Central Sulawesi
2268:
2251:
2224:
2212:
2121:
2080:Babad Tanah Jawi
1962:Tidore Sultanate
1892:
1865:Jamaah Islamiyah
1783:Wahdah Islamiyah
1753:Nahdlatul Wathan
1644:
1612:Said Aqil Siradj
1542:Abu Bakar Bashir
1355:
1296:
1284:
1266:
1256:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1170:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1147:The Jakarta Post
1138:
1136:
1134:
1123:The Jakarta Post
1114:
1112:
1110:
1101:. Archived from
1099:The Jakarta Post
1089:
1087:
1085:
1074:The Jakarta Post
1065:
1063:
1061:
1052:. Archived from
1050:The Jakarta Post
1040:
1038:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1014:
1012:
1010:
999:The Jakarta Post
989:
987:
985:
976:. Archived from
964:
962:
960:
949:The Jakarta Post
936:
934:
932:
911:
909:
907:
896:The Jakarta Post
887:
885:
883:
854:
829:
806:
800:
794:
788:
782:
776:
765:
759:
746:
740:
734:
728:
719:
713:
702:
696:
681:
675:
666:
660:
647:
641:
630:
624:
615:
609:
600:
594:
581:
575:
564:
558:
549:
543:
534:
528:
503:
497:
476:
475:
473:
471:
455:
362:Islamic clothing
340:
334:
328:
251:
210:
208:
202:
192:
191:
175:
164:
163:
142:
141:
131:
130:
99:
98:
97:
89:
88:
42:
40:
35:
21:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2430:
2399:
2385:Jemaah Tarbiyah
2380:Jama’ah Tabligh
2365:Islam Nusantara
2353:
2293:
2262:
2245:
2218:
2206:
2150:Istiqlal Mosque
2115:
2041:
1992:Jakarta Charter
1984:
1978:
1927:Demak Sultanate
1896:
1879:
1838:
1787:
1736:Nahdlatul Ulama
1631:
1587:Mohammad Natsir
1524:
1518:
1441:
1435:
1431:Usman bin Yahya
1349:
1340:Tuanku Tambusai
1290:
1278:
1257:
1248:
1202:
1197:
1165:
1156:
1154:
1153:on 4 March 2016
1141:
1132:
1130:
1117:
1108:
1106:
1105:on 23 June 2009
1092:
1083:
1081:
1080:on 4 March 2016
1068:
1059:
1057:
1056:on 4 March 2016
1043:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1021:
1017:
1008:
1006:
992:
983:
981:
967:
958:
956:
955:on 4 March 2016
939:
930:
928:
914:
905:
903:
902:on 5 March 2016
890:
881:
879:
866:
857:
851:
832:
819:
810:
809:
801:
797:
789:
785:
777:
768:
760:
749:
741:
737:
729:
722:
714:
705:
697:
684:
676:
669:
661:
650:
642:
633:
625:
618:
610:
603:
595:
584:
576:
567:
563:, p. 1057.
559:
552:
544:
537:
529:
506:
498:
479:
469:
467:
466:(in Indonesian)
460:"Harian Kompas"
457:
456:
452:
442:
354:previous regime
326:
323:fall of Suharto
319:
298:
262:
241:
213:
205:
197:
177:
169:
153:
152:
147:
136:
135:
125:
108:
103:
95:
93:
59:
38:
36:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2553:
2551:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
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2487:
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2477:
2472:
2462:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2395:Traditionalist
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2344:
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2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2301:
2299:
2295:
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2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2269:
2257:
2252:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2213:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2183:Sejarah Banten
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2083:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1937:Gowa Sultanate
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:Aceh Sultanate
1916:
1911:
1906:
1900:
1898:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1733:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1602:Quraish Shihab
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1582:Harun Nasution
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1552:Djohan Effendi
1549:
1544:
1539:
1537:Azyumardi Azra
1534:
1528:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1459:Hasyim Asy'ari
1456:
1451:
1449:Abdullah Ahmad
1445:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1421:Tuanku Nan Tuo
1418:
1413:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1394:Sunan Kalijaga
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1300:Hamzah Fansuri
1297:
1285:
1272:
1270:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1228:Old divisions
1226:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1139:
1115:
1090:
1066:
1041:
1015:
990:
965:
937:
912:
888:
863:
862:
861:
856:
855:
849:
830:
816:
815:
814:
808:
807:
795:
783:
766:
747:
735:
720:
703:
682:
667:
648:
631:
616:
601:
582:
565:
550:
535:
504:
477:
449:
448:
447:
446:
441:
438:
318:
315:
297:
294:
286:Benny Moerdani
261:
258:
240:
237:
219:
218:
215:
214:
200:
198:
195:
188:
187:
183:
182:
179:
178:
172:
170:
167:
160:
159:
155:
154:
148:
144:Benny Moerdani
123:
122:
119:
118:
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
104:
92:
85:
84:
80:
79:
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
50:
48:
44:
43:
30:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2552:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2228:Tabligh Akbar
2226:
2222:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1809:Masyumi Party
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Sarekat Islam
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:Civil society
1645:
1642:
1640:Organizations
1638:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1572:Kartosoewirjo
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1514:Tjokroaminoto
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1499:Mohammad Roem
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:Awakening era
1438:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1262:Major figures
1260:
1255:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1027:
1020:
1016:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
979:
975:
974:Jakarta Globe
971:
966:
954:
950:
946:
944:
938:
926:
922:
918:
913:
901:
897:
893:
889:
877:
873:
869:
865:
864:
859:
858:
852:
846:
842:
838:
837:
831:
827:
823:
818:
817:
812:
811:
804:
799:
796:
792:
787:
784:
780:
775:
773:
771:
767:
763:
758:
756:
754:
752:
748:
745:, p. 23.
744:
739:
736:
733:, p. 22.
732:
727:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
708:
704:
701:, p. 21.
700:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
683:
680:, p. 20.
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
659:
657:
655:
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
636:
632:
628:
623:
621:
617:
613:
608:
606:
602:
599:, p. 18.
598:
593:
591:
589:
587:
583:
579:
574:
572:
570:
566:
562:
557:
555:
551:
547:
542:
540:
536:
532:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
505:
502:, p. 17.
501:
496:
494:
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
478:
465:
461:
454:
451:
444:
443:
439:
437:
435:
430:
424:
422:
418:
414:
408:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:
386:
384:
380:
375:
372:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
339:
333:
324:
317:Investigation
316:
314:
310:
306:
304:
295:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
271:
267:
259:
257:
255:
254:Tanjung Priok
250:
249:
238:
236:
234:
230:
229:Tanjung Priok
226:
199:
194:
193:
189:
184:
171:
166:
165:
161:
156:
151:
146:
145:
140:
134:
129:
120:
115:
105:
102:
91:
90:
86:
81:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
57:
56:North Jakarta
53:
52:Tanjung Priok
49:
45:
31:
27:
22:
19:
2416:West Sumatra
2346:
2322:Kitab kuning
2317:Jamiat Kheir
2304:
2271:
2181:
2078:
2062:Architecture
2001:
1985:independence
1897:independence
1870:Laskar Jihad
1719:Muhammadiyah
1664:Hidayatullah
1567:Wahid Hasyim
1547:Idham Chalid
1525:independence
1489:Haji Misbach
1464:Ahmad Dahlan
1374:Sunan Drajat
1369:Sunan Bonang
1310:Malikussaleh
1166:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:the original
1146:
1131:. Retrieved
1122:
1107:. Retrieved
1103:the original
1098:
1082:. Retrieved
1078:the original
1073:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:the original
1049:
1033:. Retrieved
1026:the original
1007:. Retrieved
998:
982:. Retrieved
978:the original
973:
957:. Retrieved
953:the original
948:
942:
929:. Retrieved
920:
904:. Retrieved
900:the original
895:
880:. Retrieved
871:
840:
835:
825:
821:
813:Bibliography
798:
786:
738:
561:Setiono 2008
468:. Retrieved
463:
453:
425:
417:Ismail Saleh
409:
399:
389:
387:
351:
327:12 September
320:
311:
307:
299:
282:Try Sutrisno
275:
263:
242:
224:
222:
149:
133:Try Sutrisno
124:
117:Lead figures
18:
2327:Kota santri
2263: [
2246: [
2219: [
2207: [
2116: [
1855:Darul Islam
1829:Ummah Party
1617:Abdul Somad
1607:Ma'ruf Amin
1504:Rasuna Said
1479:Mas Mansoer
1404:Sunan Murya
1399:Sunan Kudus
1364:Sunan Ampel
1350: [
1291: [
1279: [
1269:Classic era
458:kompas.id.
211:(estimates)
72:Resulted in
58:, Indonesia
2464:Categories
2194:Serak Gulo
2172:Sholawatan
2022:Poso riots
1914:Wali Sanga
1654:Alkhairaat
1592:Amien Rais
1509:Agus Salim
1379:Sunan Giri
1359:Wali Sanga
1335:Tuanku Rao
1214:Shia Islam
743:Junge 2008
731:Junge 2008
699:Junge 2008
678:Junge 2008
597:Junge 2008
500:Junge 2008
470:25 October
440:References
432:President
345:(DPR) and
278:local time
239:Background
203:(official)
150:Amir Biki
39:1984-09-12
2421:East Java
2404:By region
2390:Modernist
2358:Movements
2342:Pesantren
2298:Education
2279:Wetu Telu
2273:Tombo Ati
2260:Tirakatan
2135:Manakiban
1974:Padri War
1440:National
1219:Ahmadiyya
1157:4 January
1133:4 January
1109:4 January
1084:4 January
1060:4 January
1035:4 January
1009:4 January
984:4 January
959:4 January
931:4 January
906:4 January
882:4 January
464:Kompas.id
445:Footnotes
296:Aftermath
266:Pancasila
77:Aftermath
2306:Al-Munir
2284:Yaqowiyu
2255:Tausiyah
2243:Takbiran
2238:Tahlilan
2199:Slametan
2086:Costumes
1741:GP Ansor
1724:Aisyiyah
1207:Branches
1127:Archived
1003:Archived
925:Archived
876:Archived
260:Incident
67:Shooting
47:Location
2289:Yasinan
2216:Suronan
2189:Sekaten
2162:Qasidah
2145:Mosques
2130:Lebaran
2096:Songkok
2050:Culture
1888:History
1843:Militia
1237:Priyayi
1232:Abangan
1224:Kejawèn
413:Suharto
248:Babinsa
233:Jakarta
168:Unknown
83:Parties
64:Methods
37: (
2233:Tabuik
2204:Suroan
2167:Rebana
2140:Maulid
2125:Kauman
2108:Hadroh
2101:Sarong
2091:Kupiah
1850:Banser
1758:PERSIS
1746:JATMAN
1242:Santri
847:
391:ad hoc
366:rattan
158:Number
2337:LIPIA
2267:]
2250:]
2223:]
2211:]
2177:Saman
2120:]
2113:Khaul
2072:Tajug
2067:Bedug
1983:Post-
1763:PERTI
1562:Hamka
1523:Post-
1354:]
1325:Padri
1295:]
1283:]
1029:(PDF)
1022:(PDF)
839:[
824:[
400:islah
176:1,000
2411:Aceh
2332:Kyai
2312:Iqro
2057:Adat
1895:Pre-
1159:2012
1135:2012
1111:2012
1086:2012
1062:2012
1037:2012
1011:2012
986:2012
961:2012
933:2012
908:2012
884:2012
845:ISBN
472:2019
223:The
207:>
196:None
174:>
75:See
29:Date
943:sic
404:Rp.
2466::
2265:id
2248:id
2221:id
2209:id
2118:id
1352:id
1293:id
1281:id
1145:.
1121:.
1097:.
1072:.
1048:.
1001:.
997:.
972:.
947:.
923:.
919:.
894:.
870:.
769:^
750:^
723:^
706:^
685:^
670:^
651:^
634:^
619:^
604:^
585:^
568:^
553:^
538:^
507:^
480:^
462:.
423:.
381:.
292:.
231:,
54:,
1192:e
1185:t
1178:v
1161:.
1137:.
1113:.
1088:.
1064:.
1039:.
1013:.
988:.
963:.
935:.
910:.
886:.
853:.
805:.
793:.
781:.
764:.
718:.
665:.
646:.
629:.
614:.
580:.
548:.
533:.
474:.
41:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
