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1341:
1305:
825:"...using their culture, farming practices, egalitarian political structures, prophet-led rebellions, and even their lack of writing systems to put distance between themselves and the states that wished to engulf them." Tribes today do not live outside history according to Scott, but have "as much history as they require" and deliberately practice "state avoidance".
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and culture have been maintained to discourage states from curtailing their freedoms. States want to integrate Zomia peoples and territory to increase their landholdings, resources, and people subject to taxation—in other words, to raise revenue. Scott argues that these many minority groups are
844:
The text triggered significant debate. Some academics argue that it reduces complexity to simplistic binaries between state evasion and state co-optation, or between freedom and oppression. Andrew Ong writes, however, that text acknowledges throughout that autonomy is not binary but rather a
848:
Recent empirical archaeological and historical evaluations of Scott's anthropological theory suggest that highlands in
Southeast Asia were places of creative transformation, and could both resist states and also create new forms of social organisation, including new cities and states.
27:
1170:
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negotiated process of positioning and mutual adaptation. Others have recognised Scott's contribution to championing highland communities, while being critical of simplistic models of environmental determinism that Scott uses.
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For two thousand years, the disparate groups that now reside in Zomia (a mountainous region the size of Europe—2.5 million km—that consists of portions of seven Asian countries) have fled the projects—
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published in 2009. Zomia, as defined by Scott, includes all the lands at elevations above 300 meters stretching from the
193:
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Scott admits to making "bold claims" in his book, but credits many other scholars, including the French anthropologist
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Scott's main argument is that these people are "barbaric by design": their social organization, geographical location,
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1171:"Do mountains kill states? Exploring the diversity of Southeast Asian highland communities"
1134:"Do mountains kill states? Exploring the diversity of Southeast Asian highland communities"
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948:"Refugees' Descendants in Southeast Asia Prove Stateless Society Is Possible"
1280:
The Art of Not Being
Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
1269:
The Art of Not Being
Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
1249:
The Art of Not Being
Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
1238:
The Art of Not Being
Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
909:
The Art of Not Being
Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
806:
778:
714:
The Art of Not Being
Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
583:
252:
155:
798:
955:
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738:
237:
1040:"'We try to not be Thai': the everyday resistance of ethnic minorities"
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159:
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whose author evaluates why people would deliberately choose to remain
754:
232:
150:
1169:
Leadbetter, Michael Paul; Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (2023-12-01).
1132:
Leadbetter, Michael Paul; Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (2023-12-01).
742:
1097:
Stalemate: Autonomy and
Insurgency on the China-Myanmar Border
809:
history", is the first examination of the huge literature on
717:
is a book-length anthropological and historical study of the
805:
societies that surround them. This book, essentially an "
880:
Against the Grain: A Deep
History of the Earliest States
1066:"Foreign Policy: Why It's Hard For Strongmen To Leave"
1293:
72:
64:
54:
44:
36:
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859:Anarchy § Lists of ungoverned communities
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8:
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628:Network Analysis and Ethnographic Problems
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25:
18:
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869:Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area
721:highlands of Southeast Asia written by
648:Political and Legal Anthropology Review
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304:Societies without hierarchical leaders
7:
1285:Journal of Folklore Research Reviews
1090:
1088:
1086:
915:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
1210:Thompson, Thomas J. (Summer 2011).
1064:Kaplan, Robert D (12 April 2011).
1038:Ernst, Gabriel (21 October 2019).
1010:Bennett, Drake (6 December 2009).
982:Hammond, Ruth (4 September 2011).
14:
989:The Chronicle of Higher Education
737:, encompassing parts of Vietnam,
622:Political economy in anthropology
1339:
1327:
1315:
1303:
946:Sethness, Javier (3 July 2011).
801:, epidemics, and warfare—of the
1212:"The Art of Not Being Governed"
753:, as well as four provinces of
484:Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
20:The Art of Not Being Governed
1:
1377:History books about anarchism
655:Journal of Legal Anthropology
323:The Art of Not Being Governed
832:and the American historian
16:2009 book by James C. Scott
1398:
661:Journal of Law and Society
381:Colonialism and resistance
1253:The Independent Institute
1184:10.1017/S1740022823000268
1175:Journal of Global History
1147:10.1017/S1740022823000268
1138:Journal of Global History
335:Non-western state systems
311:African Political Systems
81:Also available in Paper (
24:
1101:Cornell University Press
1289:(subscription required)
984:"The Battle Over Zomia"
360:and the State in Africa
1362:2009 non-fiction books
1219:The Independent Review
1012:"The mystery of Zomia"
874:Southeast Asian Massif
602:Circumscription theory
389:Europe and the People
358:Technology, Tradition,
906:(30 September 2009).
822:subsistence practices
676:cultural anthropology
464:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
317:Papuan Big man system
49:Yale University Press
1119:10.7591/j.ctv2t8b78b
1095:Ong, Andrew (2023).
469:Wolfgang Fikentscher
444:Henri J. M. Claessen
199:Pantribal sodalities
612:Left–right paradigm
21:
1367:Anthropology books
1274:Reviews in History
735:Northeastern India
607:Legal anthropology
509:Thomas Blom Hansen
439:Robert L. Carneiro
228:Segmentary lineage
165:Leveling mechanism
115:legal anthropology
1110:978-1-5017-7071-5
864:Stateless society
836:, as influences.
727:Central Highlands
710:
709:
434:Jeremy Boissevain
419:Georges Balandier
414:E. Adamson Hoebel
93:
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60:30 September 2009
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1372:Books about Asia
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549:Marshall Sahlins
539:Sally Falk Moore
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529:Elizabeth Mertz
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31:First edition
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803:nation state
795:conscription
788:
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524:Ralph Linton
519:Edmund Leach
479:Morton Fried
474:Meyer Fortes
424:F. G. Bailey
356:
322:
321:
309:
294:Case studies
253:Ethnic group
223:Band society
98:
1044:New Mandala
913:(Hardcover)
504:Ulf Hannerz
499:Lesley Gill
89:) and eBook
1356:Categories
1346:Literature
1282:review in
1271:review by
1260:review by
1251:review by
1240:review by
1017:Boston.com
887:References
779:Wa peoples
396:Cargo cult
299:Acephelous
189:Matriarchy
184:Patriarchy
171:Leadership
1310:Anarchism
1193:1740-0228
1156:1740-0228
840:Reception
815:stateless
807:anarchist
797:, taxes,
584:Eric Wolf
156:Age grade
110:Political
68:Hardcover
45:Publisher
1229:20 April
1215:(Review)
1177:: 1–26.
1140:: 1–26.
1075:20 April
1049:20 April
1023:20 April
995:20 April
962:20 April
956:Truthout
951:(Review)
928:20 April
853:See also
785:Argument
747:Thailand
739:Cambodia
641:Journals
238:Chiefdom
215:Polities
101:a series
99:Part of
1334:History
1296:Portals
1204:Reviews
791:slavery
751:Myanmar
731:Vietnam
346:Mandala
179:Big man
160:Age set
1263:Reason
1191:
1154:
1117:
1107:
919:
799:corvée
777:, and
749:, and
672:Social
341:Negara
85:
37:Author
1115:JSTOR
767:Karen
763:Hmong
755:China
719:Zomia
330:State
233:Tribe
204:Chief
194:Elder
151:Caste
1322:Asia
1231:2020
1189:ISSN
1152:ISSN
1105:ISBN
1077:2020
1051:2020
1025:2020
997:2020
964:2020
930:2020
917:ISBN
775:Mien
771:Lahu
759:Akha
743:Laos
674:and
375:Kapu
83:ISBN
74:ISBN
1225:(1)
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1070:NPR
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932:.
701:e
694:t
687:v
158:/
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