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of wealth cannot explain the persistence of high social status. From the referenced studies on the lack of correlation between the intelligence and adult family income of adopted children and their adoptive parents, Clark infers that family environment cannot explain the transmittal of social status
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through the centuries in
England, the United States, Sweden, India, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and Chile. Clark uses an innovative technique of following families by seeing whether or not rare surnames kept turning up in university enrollment records, registers of physicians, lists of members of
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is greater than would be expected from the generally accepted correlations of income between parents and children, conflicting with virtually all measures of social mobility previously developed by other researchers, which Clark claims are flawed. According to Clark, social mobility proceeds at a
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of inherited "underlying social competence" is swamped by chance variations in status from generation to generation - variations which Clark says are smoothed out in his longer-term study. This can be analogised to looking at a graph to understand the trend in the
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The book attempts to explain the difference between Clark's estimates of social mobility rates and estimates by other researchers by noting that the effects measured by other researchers are based on only a few generations, and argues that Clark's posited
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may not be a significant factor affecting social mobility. From his finding that families who had many children were able to pass down their high social status just as well as families who had few children, Clark infers that simple
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Clark's hypothesis is that the unexpectedly high persistence of social status in families—or, equivalently, of the unexpectedly low degree of social mobility—is that high-status people are more likely to have
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From his finding that ethnically homogeneous societies, such as Japan and Korea, had similar rates of social mobility to ethnically diverse societies, such as the United States, Clark infers that
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similar rate in all of the societies and in all the periods of history studied – with the exceptions of social groups with higher
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that are beneficial to them achieving high status, and are therefore more likely to pass such genes on to their children.
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parliament, and other similar contemporary historical registers. Clark finds that the persistence of high or low
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230:"Social mobility barely exists but let's not give up on equality"
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The book follows relatively successful and unsuccessful
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66:on the title of an Ernest Hemingway novel,
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298:Race and intelligence controversy
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228:Clark, Gregory (2015-02-04).
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69:The Sun Also Rises
60:A Farewell to Alms
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209:Opinionator
175:inheritance
116:August 2023
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190:References
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150:endogamy
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