666:
678:
remains above the female and repeatedly releases a series of "poing-zee" notes. They hover between 5 and 10 seconds before descending to the ground slowly and silently and land about 2 m (6.6 ft) apart. During their downward glide their wings are held together in a "V" position above their backs. A few minutes later they initiate a second paired flight identical to the first one. However, once they have landed on the ground the male begins to chase the female. The chase ends when the male does a wing raising display, which is common in many sandpiper species.
31:
682:
1524:
1483:
75:
197:
574:. White-rumped sandpipers are now observed more frequently in this area as a result of both long and short term climate variations. The higher air temperatures, which occur as a result of the northern winds, bring warm, moist air which creates more open habitats and better food resources that allow these birds to persist and survive. Migration routes, as well as both winter and summer foraging grounds, may also be altered.
583:
50:
656:
The females build the nest which is a cup-shaped depression in the ground. The nest is lined with pieces of lichen, leaves and moss which can occur naturally or can be added by the female. The nests are generally well hidden in a clump of moss or grass. Males defend the breeding territory by gliding
262:
These birds are not often spotted. In the summer, they are rarely seen because they are in such an obscure breeding location. Similarly, in the winter they are rarely seen because they travel too far south for many birdwatchers. Therefore, the majority of sightings occur during the spring or fall in
643:
depending on time, season and habitat. Stones and algae have also been found in their stomachs but these are most likely ingested by accident. The stones are of the same general shape and size as the seeds so it could be a case of mistaken identity. Algae could also be accidentally ingested through
550:
The birds migrate with both nonstop and short-distance multiple-stop flights. During their migration from north to south, they fly over the
Atlantic Ocean, gradually moving along the northeastern coast of South America before heading inland towards the islands. This travel generally takes about one
343:
The white-rumped sandpiper is a relatively small bird measuring only 7.8 in (20 cm). The top of its body is a dull grey-brown color and it has a white eye stripe. Its beak is of medium length, thin and dark, and its legs are very dark. This bird is often mistaken with many similar-looking
697:
Only the females incubate the eggs. Once the female has laid the eggs, the male stops displaying and leaves the breeding grounds. This is unlike other members of the calidris genus where incubation is shared between males and females; therefore, the trait of male incubation has been independently
363:
features black-based feathers on the back and wing coverts. These have brown edges towards the scapulars and whiter edges towards the wing coverts. The breast is finely streaked and there is a white "V" on its back. The underparts and supercilium are white, the crown is brownish in color, and the
677:
of the white-rumped sandpiper involves an aerial component. During courtship the male and the female fly upward side by side at an angle. At about 10 m (33 ft) above the ground they stop about 0.5 m (1.6 ft) apart and hover with shallow, rapidly vibrating wingbeats. The male
693:
areas. Consequently, the females spend an average of 82.5% of their time incubating their eggs. In total, the females incubate the eggs for about 22 days. She generally lays 4 olive to green eggs; laying 3 eggs is rare. The eggs can sometimes be blotched with brown, olive-brown or grey spots.
598:
One of the white-rumped sandpiper vocalizations consists of a repeating "pip, pip, pip …" Their call has a distinctive metallic "tzeep" note which makes them easily identifiable among a flock of shorebirds. It resembles the sound of two pebbles scraping against one another.
551:
month. On their migration from south to north, the white-rumped sandpiper follows a similar path, but does it much more quickly. This migration is done in a fast series of long flights without stopping. One nonstop flight can be as long as 4,200 km (2,600 mi).
1445:
737:
and leave the nest about a day after hatching. The female will tend to them by brooding them and keeping them warm, but they must find all their own food. Their first flight is at the age of about 16–17 days and soon after that they become independent.
657:
and fluttering above it while making oinking and rattling sounds. When on the ground, the male stretches its wing out to the side and raises its tail into the air to display the white patch on its rump. He then walks and runs while repeating a call.
702:
by lowering the number of male descendants that survive. One explanation for this evolution is that a decrease in male care allows the males to explore other breeding options. This hypothesis ties in with the fact that the white-rumped sandpiper is
698:
lost in this species. There are only three documented species who have been known to share this behaviour. This development seems bizarre since experiments have shown that a decrease in the amount of male care is linked to a decrease in male
451:
The two primary features used to identify this bird in the field are its long wings and its white rump. The white patch on the rump can be seen while the bird is in flight. Its long wings extend beyond the tail by about a quarter inch.
647:
While on mudflats, the white-rumped sandpiper forages by probing in shallow waters and in mud but can also pick up some items from the surface. When they are in the tundra, they must probe deeply in the moss and other vegetation.
507:
The white-rumped sandpiper is a nearctic migrant. After breeding in northern Canada and Alaska, it flies over the
Atlantic Ocean to spend the majority of its non-breeding period in South America, particularly along the
359:, the upperparts are a dark grey and at the centers there are black feathers. The underparts are white but the breast is dark grey. The supercilium is white, while the crown and eyeline are darker. The
1283:
Cantar, R.V.; Montgomerie, R.D. (1985). "The
Influence of Weather on Incubation Scheduling of the White-Rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis): A Uniparental Incubator in a Cold Environment".
874:
Montalti, Diego; Arambarri, Ana M.; Soave, Guillermo E.; Darrieu, Carlos A.; Camperi, Anibal R. (June 2003). "Seeds in the Diet of the White-Rumped
Sandpiper in Argentina".
558:. Strong winds can blow birds off of their regular migration route. For example, the effects of a large storm lead to a higher presence of the white-rumped sandpiper on the
456:
also shows this trait but can be distinguished by the lack of a white rump. There is also a thin white stripe on the wing and a row of marks on the flanks below the wings.
1108:
Korczak-Abshirea, Malgorzata; Angiela, Piotr J.; Wierzbicki, Grzegorz (2011). "Records of white-rumped sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) on the South
Shetland Islands".
3116:
3258:
3181:
476:. They can be found in various types of wetlands while migrating. During the winter months they inhabit a variety of freshwater and saltwater habitats such as
504:. They are considered one of the most extreme long-distance migrants in the world, traversing the entire continent of North America in the span of one month.
3388:
3333:
554:
Weather patterns play a crucial role in determining the migration route. Birds like to travel so that the temperature, pressure and humidity work with the
631:. They are mainly reported to eat aquatic invertebrates. Although it was previously thought they only consumed invertebrates, it has been shown that
3368:
3067:
3129:
1551:
3240:
932:
3253:
351:, the crown and face have a brownish tinge. The supercilium is pale, there are black feathers on the back and there are grey edges on the
347:
The plumage is much less distinct during the winter; however, during all seasons males and females remain similar in their appearance. In
3090:
3015:
1070:"Prey selection and foraging patterns of the White-rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) at PenĂnsula ValdĂ©s, Patagonia, Argentina"
689:
The females are small and nest in the high arctic, which means they are more likely under a higher cold stress than birds nesting in
1016:
924:
951:
3383:
3292:
1423:
North
American Peeps: A Different Look at an Old Problem (identification article covering this species and other small calidrids)
665:
3378:
3373:
3358:
3028:
1038:
814:
3134:
844:
255:. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds; these are known collectively as "peeps" or "
918:
3168:
3338:
2893:
520:. It also frequently visits Fracasso Beach, Argentina. Many shorebirds concentrate in this area due to the abundance of
299:. It is classified as monotypic species, meaning that no population differentiation or subspecies have been described.
3095:
2966:
718:
30:
681:
3186:
3046:
1544:
1159:
3059:
1472:
74:
1322:
1240:
887:
3363:
3194:
2922:
2884:
1437:
570:
The warming of the climate has led to changes in the number of individuals and the length of their stay in the
2330:
1432:
639:
also make up a portion of the white-rumped sandpiper diet. This discovery lead to the idea that they might be
2101:
722:
1241:"Short Communications: Breeding Flight Display in the Female White-rumped sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis)"
3199:
2953:
2846:
2467:
2074:
2065:
1966:
1921:
1733:
571:
1498:
3266:
2971:
2476:
1742:
1537:
640:
555:
186:
169:
2237:
779:
3297:
3219:
2935:
2904:
2762:
2228:
1948:
1879:
1515:
1188:
1117:
699:
453:
3353:
2562:
2294:
2110:
1897:
1812:
1422:
704:
559:
39:
3284:
3160:
3082:
1210:
2604:
2384:
2348:
2020:
1706:
1697:
1670:
1345:
1300:
1133:
996:
899:
891:
674:
543:
during its migration. They are rare but regular vagrants to western Europe and a rare vagrant to
204:
69:
3271:
2726:
2699:
1008:
1001:
3121:
1394:
1151:
3343:
3209:
3147:
2989:
2681:
2663:
2571:
2553:
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2517:
2357:
2339:
2312:
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2011:
1888:
1803:
1724:
1012:
928:
690:
2909:
1183:
2780:
2708:
2303:
2261:
2083:
2002:
1975:
1794:
1638:
1564:
1337:
1292:
1255:
1125:
883:
774:
710:
435:
425:
415:
405:
395:
385:
375:
2958:
3348:
3227:
2485:
2402:
2393:
2366:
2187:
2092:
2038:
1993:
1864:
1855:
1679:
1595:
1463:
521:
473:
272:
196:
126:
1488:
756:
717:
are occasionally found in northeastern North
America. The white-rumped sandpiper is also
1523:
1482:
1121:
959:
3054:
3041:
2771:
2690:
2580:
2544:
2321:
2047:
1785:
582:
497:
352:
288:
3310:
3327:
3142:
2789:
2744:
2622:
2595:
2219:
1715:
1688:
1137:
1069:
903:
822:
765:
734:
608:
469:
303:
59:
54:
1529:
1044:
2672:
2613:
2029:
1451:
524:
2994:
1395:"A putative hybrid white-rumped sandpiper Ă— dunlin from the east coast of the USA"
3033:
2981:
707:; males will mate with several females but females will only mate with one male.
3279:
3173:
3155:
3103:
2878:
2798:
2753:
2717:
2056:
616:
3305:
2735:
2654:
2435:
2119:
1930:
1492:
1129:
620:
3020:
2869:
2637:
2450:
2202:
1838:
1560:
1296:
1259:
544:
528:
517:
509:
501:
481:
329:
314:
292:
244:
136:
86:
295:, encompasses all sandpipers, and as a stint it is classified in the genus
1505:
468:. More specifically, they live in the marshy, heavily vegetated, hummocky
2863:
2500:
2128:
1957:
1912:
1583:
1458:
1371:
624:
612:
540:
532:
296:
222:
146:
106:
2945:
527:, especially clams. The white-rumped sandpiper has also been spotted in
464:
The white-rumped sandpiper inhabits relatively vegetated patches of the
3232:
3072:
2930:
2252:
1349:
1304:
895:
628:
586:
485:
477:
360:
356:
348:
284:
488:. In general, they tend to avoid sandy beaches and fast moving water.
355:. The breast and flanks are streaked and the underparts are white. In
2917:
2375:
2285:
1939:
1768:
1653:
1577:
1519:
1510:
714:
536:
465:
280:
252:
248:
96:
3108:
2840:
2828:
1341:
3007:
263:
temperate regions and are generally in small numbers around water.
3002:
1516:
white-rumped-sandpiper/calidris-fuscicollis White-rumped sandpiper
1323:"Phylogenetic Patterns of Parental Care in Calidridine Sandpipers"
680:
664:
581:
513:
322:
276:
256:
3245:
1589:
636:
632:
116:
2844:
2157:
1608:
1533:
344:
sandpipers that live in its range or along its migration path.
958:. USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter. Archived from
1426:
888:
10.1675/1524-4695(2003)026[0166:sitdot]2.0.co;2
876:
1178:
1176:
317:
for some grey-coloured waterside birds. The specific
1372:"An apparent Dunlin Ă— White-rumped Sandpiper hybrid"
2853:
2635:
2593:
2498:
2448:
2426:
2419:
2283:
2250:
2200:
2178:
2171:
1910:
1877:
1836:
1829:
1766:
1759:
1651:
1629:
1622:
1000:
780:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22693399A119296025.en
271:The white-rumped sandpiper is placed in the order
1321:Borowik, Oskana A.; McLennan, Deborah A. (1999).
985:. Ottawa: National Museum of Canada. p. 153.
1234:
1232:
1184:"Calidris fuscicollis (White-rumped sandpiper)"
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1032:
1030:
1028:
821:. Smithsonian Institution. 2015. Archived from
1316:
1314:
869:
867:
865:
500:, wintering in southern South America and the
1545:
1278:
1276:
1211:"White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis"
1043:, San Antonio Audubon Society, archived from
809:
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
8:
1217:. National Audubon Society. 13 November 2014
920:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
3096:white-rumped-sandpiper-calidris-fuscicollis
1063:
1061:
2841:
2423:
2175:
2168:
2154:
1833:
1763:
1626:
1619:
1605:
1552:
1538:
1530:
1522:
1489:Audio recordings of White-rumped sandpiper
1481:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
195:
48:
29:
20:
1370:McLaughlin, K.A.; Wormington, A. (2000).
778:
1068:Bala, Luis Oscar; Hernandez, M. (2007).
366:
747:
607:Their diet consists primarily of small
946:
944:
420:47.5–53.6 mm (1.87–2.11 in)
247:that breeds in the northern tundra of
923:. London: Christopher Helm. pp.
7:
3220:f9b13762-e866-477d-9a86-b400801a7bd7
3060:3042bab7-7c98-4408-992d-feca4030bad5
1446:White-rumped sandpiper photo gallery
440:21–24.5 mm (0.83–0.96 in)
430:20–23.6 mm (0.79–0.93 in)
3389:Taxa named by Louis Pierre Vieillot
3334:IUCN Red List least concern species
766:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1612:(Numeniinae–Limosinae–Arenariinae)
410:117–126 mm (4.6–5.0 in)
14:
472:of Alaska and Canada during the
380:170–200 mm (6.8–8 in)
73:
3369:Birds of the Dominican Republic
1506:Field Guide: Birds of the World
1464:BirdLife species factsheet for
755:BirdLife International (2017).
1433:"White-rumped sandpiper media"
1:
1215:Guide to North American Birds
713:between this species and the
673:As with most shorebirds, the
1448:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1239:McCaffrey, Brian J. (1983).
1007:. New York: Knopf. p.
3405:
1160:Cornell Lab of Ornithology
952:"White-rumped sandpiper -
627:and both adult and larval
2823:
2167:
2153:
2102:Buff-breasted sandpiper (
1618:
1604:
1572:
1452:Interactive range map of
1130:10.1017/S0032247410000665
1003:The Sibley Guide to Birds
981:Godfrey, W. Earl (1966).
917:Jobling, James A (2010).
773:: e.T22693399A119296025.
733:The young are covered in
566:Effects of climate change
400:430 mm (17 in)
369:
210:
203:
194:
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
2468:Short-billed dowitcher (
2161:(Tringinae–Scolopacinae)
2075:Spoon-billed sandpiper (
2066:Semipalmated sandpiper (
1985:White-rumped sandpiper (
1967:Broad-billed sandpiper (
1922:Sharp-tailed sandpiper (
1734:Bristle-thighed curlew (
1438:Internet Bird Collection
1152:"White-rumped sandpiper"
1037:Hannisian, Mike (2005),
815:"White-rumped Sandpiper"
460:Habitat and distribution
390:42 g (1.5 oz)
3384:Birds described in 1819
2477:Long-billed dowitcher (
2331:Nordmann's greenshank (
1743:Slender-billed curlew (
1297:10.1163/156853985x00154
1074:Ornitologia Neotropical
723:buff-breasted sandpiper
349:adult alternate plumage
302:The genus name is from
24:White-rumped sandpiper
3379:Birds of South America
3374:Birds of the Caribbean
3359:Native birds of Alaska
3259:white-rumped-sandpiper
3210:white-rumped-sandpiper
3083:white-rumped-sandpiper
2763:South American snipe (
2229:Red-necked phalarope (
1473:"Calidris fuscicollis"
845:"Calidris fuscicollis"
721:to hybridize with the
686:
670:
590:
572:South Shetland Islands
370:Standard Measurements
235:white-rumped sandpiper
3267:Paleobiology Database
2563:New Guinea woodcock (
2295:Grey-tailed tattler (
1898:Henderson sandpiper (
1813:Black-tailed godwit (
1260:10.1093/auk/100.2.500
684:
668:
641:opportunistic feeders
585:
498:long-distance migrant
3311:Calidris-fuscicollis
3055:Fauna Europaea (new)
2923:calidris-fuscicollis
2910:Calidris_fuscicollis
2885:Calidris fuscicollis
2855:Calidris fuscicollis
2605:Subantarctic snipe (
2385:Solitary sandpiper (
2349:Greater yellowlegs (
2238:Wilson's phalarope (
2021:Pectoral sandpiper (
1707:Far Eastern curlew (
1698:Hudsonian whimbrel (
1671:Long-billed curlew (
1500:Calidris fuscicollis
1466:Calidris fuscicollis
1454:Calidris fuscicollis
1189:Animal Diversity Web
1047:on 16 September 2015
954:Calidris fuscicollis
825:on 10 September 2015
759:Calidris fuscicollis
669:Wing raising display
240:Calidris fuscicollis
179:Calidris fuscicollis
3339:Birds of the Arctic
2572:Eurasian woodcock (
2554:Moluccan woodcock (
2536:American woodcock (
2527:Sulawesi woodcock (
2518:Bukidnon woodcock (
2358:Common greenshank (
2340:Wandering tattler (
2313:Lesser yellowlegs (
2271:Spotted sandpiper (
2012:Western sandpiper (
1949:Baird's sandpiper (
1889:Tuamotu sandpiper (
1804:Bar-tailed godwit (
1725:Eurasian whimbrel (
1709:N. madagascariensis
1122:2011PoRec..47..262K
997:Sibley, David Allen
983:The Birds of Canada
560:King George Islands
357:adult basic plumage
161:C. fuscicollis
40:Conservation status
2781:Pin-tailed snipe (
2709:Madagascar snipe (
2304:Spotted redshank (
2262:Common sandpiper (
2111:Temminck's stint (
2084:Red-necked stint (
2003:Purple sandpiper (
1976:Curlew sandpiper (
1795:Hudsonian godwit (
1639:Upland sandpiper (
1459:IUCN Red List maps
1040:Shorebird ID Class
687:
675:courtship behavior
671:
591:
589:aids in camouflage
587:Cryptic coloration
219:Tringa fuscicollis
214:Erolia fuscicollis
3321:
3320:
2847:Taxon identifiers
2838:
2837:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2727:Swinhoe's snipe (
2700:Jameson's snipe (
2648:
2511:
2486:Asian dowitcher (
2461:
2415:
2414:
2403:Common redshank (
2394:Marsh sandpiper (
2367:Green sandpiper (
2213:
2188:Terek sandpiper (
2149:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2093:Long-toed stint (
2039:Least sandpiper (
1994:Stilt sandpiper (
1865:Black turnstone (
1856:Ruddy turnstone (
1849:
1825:
1824:
1779:
1755:
1754:
1680:Eurasian curlew (
1664:
934:978-1-4081-2501-4
729:Early development
644:aquatic feeding.
454:Baird's sandpiper
444:
443:
313:, a term used by
231:
230:
63:
3396:
3314:
3313:
3301:
3300:
3288:
3287:
3275:
3274:
3262:
3261:
3249:
3248:
3236:
3235:
3223:
3222:
3213:
3212:
3203:
3202:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3176:
3174:NHMSYS0000530235
3164:
3163:
3151:
3150:
3138:
3137:
3125:
3124:
3112:
3111:
3099:
3098:
3086:
3085:
3076:
3075:
3063:
3062:
3050:
3049:
3037:
3036:
3024:
3023:
3011:
3010:
2998:
2997:
2985:
2984:
2975:
2974:
2962:
2961:
2949:
2948:
2939:
2938:
2936:153BA3069DFCDDCA
2926:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2900:
2899:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2842:
2772:Solitary snipe (
2691:Imperial snipe (
2682:Latham's snipe (
2664:Wilson's snipe (
2647:
2646:
2642:
2581:Javan woodcock (
2545:Amami woodcock (
2520:S. bukidnonensis
2510:
2509:
2505:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2424:
2322:Wood sandpiper (
2212:
2211:
2207:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2104:C. subruficollis
2048:Rock sandpiper (
1867:A. melanocephala
1848:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1786:Marbled godwit (
1778:
1777:
1773:
1764:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1531:
1526:
1485:
1480:
1442:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1336:(4): 1007–1117.
1327:
1318:
1309:
1308:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1245:
1236:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1207:
1194:
1193:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1105:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1065:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1034:
1023:
1022:
1006:
993:
987:
986:
978:
972:
971:
969:
967:
948:
939:
938:
914:
908:
907:
871:
860:
859:
857:
855:
841:
835:
834:
832:
830:
811:
792:
791:
789:
787:
782:
752:
510:Patagonian coast
367:
361:juvenile plumage
199:
181:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3364:Birds of Canada
3324:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3309:
3304:
3296:
3291:
3283:
3278:
3270:
3265:
3257:
3252:
3244:
3239:
3231:
3228:Observation.org
3226:
3218:
3216:
3208:
3206:
3198:
3193:
3185:
3180:
3172:
3167:
3159:
3154:
3146:
3141:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3107:
3102:
3094:
3089:
3081:
3079:
3071:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3045:
3040:
3032:
3027:
3019:
3014:
3006:
3001:
2993:
2988:
2980:
2978:
2970:
2965:
2957:
2952:
2944:
2942:
2934:
2929:
2921:
2916:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2892:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2849:
2839:
2834:
2807:
2792:G. stricklandii
2790:Fuegian snipe (
2745:African snipe (
2711:G. macrodactyla
2644:
2643:
2641:
2631:
2623:Chatham snipe (
2589:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2494:
2488:L. semipalmatus
2457:
2456:
2454:
2444:
2411:
2279:
2246:
2220:Red phalarope (
2209:
2208:
2206:
2196:
2163:
2160:
2137:
2122:C. tenuirostris
1906:
1891:P. parvirostris
1873:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1821:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1751:
1745:N. tenuirostris
1716:Little curlew (
1689:Eskimo curlew (
1660:
1659:
1657:
1647:
1614:
1611:
1600:
1596:Charadriiformes
1568:
1567:: Scolopacidae)
1558:
1471:
1431:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1399:Ocean Wanderers
1393:Wilson, Angus.
1392:
1391:
1387:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1342:10.2307/4089689
1325:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1209:
1208:
1197:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1156:All About Birds
1150:
1149:
1145:
1107:
1106:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1050:
1048:
1036:
1035:
1026:
1019:
995:
994:
990:
980:
979:
975:
965:
963:
962:on 4 March 2016
950:
949:
942:
935:
916:
915:
911:
873:
872:
863:
853:
851:
843:
842:
838:
828:
826:
813:
812:
795:
785:
783:
754:
753:
749:
744:
731:
663:
654:
605:
596:
580:
568:
494:
474:breeding season
462:
449:
341:
273:Charadriiformes
269:
190:
183:
177:
164:
127:Charadriiformes
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
3402:
3400:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3326:
3325:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3302:
3289:
3276:
3263:
3250:
3237:
3224:
3214:
3204:
3191:
3178:
3165:
3152:
3139:
3126:
3113:
3100:
3087:
3077:
3064:
3051:
3042:Fauna Europaea
3038:
3025:
3012:
2999:
2986:
2976:
2963:
2950:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2901:
2890:
2875:
2859:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2796:
2787:
2778:
2769:
2760:
2751:
2747:G. nigripennis
2742:
2733:
2724:
2715:
2706:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2673:Common snipe (
2670:
2661:
2651:
2649:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2620:
2614:Snares snipe (
2611:
2607:C. aucklandica
2601:
2599:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2578:
2569:
2565:S. rosenbergii
2560:
2556:S. rochussenii
2551:
2542:
2533:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2483:
2479:L. scolopaceus
2474:
2464:
2462:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2432:
2430:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2400:
2396:T. stagnatilis
2391:
2382:
2378:T. semipalmata
2373:
2364:
2355:
2351:T. melanoleuca
2346:
2337:
2328:
2319:
2310:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2235:
2226:
2216:
2214:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2165:
2164:
2158:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2126:
2117:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2050:C. ptilocnemis
2045:
2036:
2030:Little stint (
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1987:C. fuscicollis
1982:
1973:
1969:C. falcinellus
1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1895:
1885:
1883:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1862:
1852:
1850:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1740:
1736:N. tahitiensis
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1695:
1686:
1677:
1667:
1665:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1624:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1513:
1496:
1486:
1469:
1461:
1449:
1443:
1429:
1418:
1417:External links
1415:
1412:
1411:
1385:
1362:
1310:
1291:(3): 261–289.
1272:
1228:
1195:
1172:
1143:
1116:(3): 262–267.
1091:
1057:
1024:
1017:
988:
973:
940:
933:
909:
882:(2): 166–168.
861:
836:
793:
746:
745:
743:
740:
730:
727:
685:Eggs in a nest
662:
659:
653:
650:
604:
601:
595:
592:
579:
576:
567:
564:
493:
490:
461:
458:
448:
447:Identification
445:
442:
441:
438:
432:
431:
428:
422:
421:
418:
412:
411:
408:
402:
401:
398:
392:
391:
388:
382:
381:
378:
372:
371:
340:
337:
328:, "dusky" and
291:. Its family,
289:oystercatchers
268:
265:
229:
228:
227:
226:
216:
208:
207:
201:
200:
192:
191:
184:
173:
172:
166:
165:
158:
156:
152:
151:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3401:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3074:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2902:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2804:
2802:
2799:Giant snipe (
2797:
2795:
2793:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2765:G. paraguaiae
2761:
2759:
2757:
2754:Noble snipe (
2752:
2750:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2738:G. nemoricola
2734:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2718:Great snipe (
2716:
2714:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2693:G. imperialis
2689:
2687:
2685:
2684:G. hardwickii
2680:
2678:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2628:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2529:S. celebensis
2525:
2523:
2521:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2441:
2439:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2306:T. erythropus
2302:
2300:
2298:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2276:
2274:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2264:A. hypoleucos
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2222:P. fulicarius
2218:
2217:
2215:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:Scolopacidae
2156:
2152:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2113:C. temminckii
2109:
2107:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2086:C. ruficollis
2082:
2080:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1996:C. himantopus
1992:
1990:
1988:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1978:C. ferruginea
1974:
1972:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1818:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1797:L. haemastica
1793:
1791:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1758:
1748:
1746:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1700:N. hudsonicus
1696:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1673:N. americanus
1669:
1668:
1666:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1644:
1642:
1641:B. longicauda
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1610:Scolopacidae
1607:
1603:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1427:surfbirds.com
1424:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1376:Ontario Birds
1373:
1366:
1363:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1018:0-679-45122-6
1014:
1010:
1005:
1004:
998:
992:
989:
984:
977:
974:
961:
957:
955:
947:
945:
941:
936:
930:
926:
922:
921:
913:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
870:
868:
866:
862:
850:
846:
840:
837:
824:
820:
816:
810:
808:
806:
804:
802:
800:
798:
794:
781:
776:
772:
768:
767:
762:
760:
751:
748:
741:
739:
736:
735:down feathers
728:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
706:
701:
695:
692:
683:
679:
676:
667:
660:
658:
651:
649:
645:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:invertebrates
602:
600:
594:Vocalizations
593:
588:
584:
577:
575:
573:
565:
563:
561:
557:
552:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:invertebrates
523:
519:
515:
511:
505:
503:
499:
491:
489:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:arctic tundra
467:
459:
457:
455:
446:
439:
437:
434:
433:
429:
427:
424:
423:
419:
417:
414:
413:
409:
407:
404:
403:
399:
397:
394:
393:
389:
387:
384:
383:
379:
377:
374:
373:
368:
365:
364:face is pale
362:
358:
354:
350:
345:
338:
336:
335:, "necked ".
334:
331:
327:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
305:
304:Ancient Greek
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
243:) is a small
242:
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224:
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217:
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212:
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198:
193:
188:
182:
180:
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171:
170:Binomial name
167:
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138:
135:
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101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2854:
2800:
2791:
2782:
2774:G. solitaria
2773:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2736:Wood snipe (
2728:
2719:
2710:
2701:
2692:
2683:
2675:G. gallinago
2674:
2665:
2656:
2655:Puna snipe (
2636:
2624:
2615:
2606:
2596:Coenocorypha
2594:
2582:
2574:S. rusticola
2573:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2499:
2487:
2478:
2469:
2458:(Dowitchers)
2449:
2437:
2436:Jack snipe (
2428:Lymnocryptes
2427:
2420:Scolopacinae
2404:
2395:
2387:T. solitaria
2386:
2377:
2368:
2360:T. nebularia
2359:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2305:
2296:
2284:
2273:A. macularia
2272:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2230:
2221:
2210:(Phalaropes)
2201:
2189:
2179:
2130:
2121:
2120:Great knot (
2112:
2103:
2095:C. subminuta
2094:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2041:C. minutilla
2040:
2031:
2023:C. melanotos
2022:
2013:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1984:
1977:
1968:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1932:
1931:Sanderling (
1924:C. acuminata
1923:
1911:
1899:
1890:
1878:
1866:
1858:A. interpres
1857:
1846:(Turnstones)
1837:
1814:
1806:L. lapponica
1805:
1796:
1787:
1767:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1652:
1640:
1630:
1504:
1499:
1476:
1465:
1453:
1436:
1402:. Retrieved
1398:
1388:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1333:
1329:
1288:
1284:
1263:. Retrieved
1251:
1247:
1219:. Retrieved
1214:
1187:
1163:. Retrieved
1155:
1146:
1113:
1110:Polar Record
1109:
1084:29 September
1082:. Retrieved
1077:
1073:
1049:, retrieved
1045:the original
1039:
1002:
991:
982:
976:
964:. Retrieved
960:the original
953:
919:
912:
879:
875:
852:. Retrieved
848:
839:
827:. Retrieved
823:the original
818:
784:. Retrieved
770:
764:
758:
750:
732:
709:
696:
688:
672:
661:Reproduction
655:
646:
606:
597:
569:
553:
549:
506:
495:
463:
450:
353:wing coverts
346:
342:
332:
325:
318:
310:
306:
301:
293:Scolopacidae
270:
261:
239:
238:
234:
232:
218:
213:
178:
176:
160:
159:
147:
137:Scolopacidae
18:
3280:SeaLifeBase
3195:Neotropical
3156:NatureServe
3104:iNaturalist
2879:Wikispecies
2829:Boyd (2019)
2801:G. undulata
2702:G. jamesoni
2666:G. delicata
2583:S. saturata
2508:(Woodcocks)
2451:Limnodromus
2369:T. ochropus
2333:T. guttifer
2324:T. glareola
2315:T. flavipes
2297:T. brevipes
2240:P. tricolor
2190:X. cinereus
2005:C. maritima
1830:Arenariinae
1727:N. phaeopus
1691:N. borealis
1518:media from
1254:: 500–501.
849:ITIS Report
819:Birds of DC
786:12 November
621:polychaetes
617:crustaceans
611:including:
496:They are a
339:Description
319:fuscicollis
275:along with
3354:Sandpipers
3328:Categories
3306:Xeno-canto
2783:G. stenura
2756:G. nobilis
2625:C. pusilla
2616:C. huegeli
2470:L. griseus
2438:L. minimus
2405:T. totanus
2231:P. lobatus
2203:Phalaropus
2131:C. virgata
2129:Surfbird (
2077:C. pygmaea
2068:C. pusilla
1960:C. canutus
1958:Red knot (
1951:C. bairdii
1880:Prosobonia
1718:N. minutus
1682:N. arquata
1623:Numeniinae
1561:Sandpipers
1493:Xeno-canto
1404:11 October
1382:(1): 8–12.
1221:12 October
966:12 October
854:14 October
742:References
705:polygynous
522:intertidal
2827:Based on
2729:G. megala
2657:G. andina
2638:Gallinago
2342:T. incana
2172:Tringinae
2059:C. pugnax
2032:C. minuta
1942:C. alpina
1815:L. limosa
1776:(Godwits)
1760:Limosinae
1661:(Curlews)
1631:Bartramia
1576:Kingdom:
1355:2 October
1285:Behaviour
1265:9 October
1138:130982580
1051:7 October
904:198154077
829:7 October
719:suspected
691:temperate
556:tailwinds
545:Australia
529:Venezuela
518:Argentina
502:Caribbean
492:Migration
482:estuaries
330:Neo-Latin
315:Aristotle
311:skalidris
245:shorebird
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
3344:Calidris
3161:2.106382
3148:22693399
3122:11093735
2959:22693399
2954:BirdLife
2943:BioLib:
2864:Wikidata
2720:G. media
2645:(Snipes)
2538:S. minor
2501:Scolopax
2376:Willet (
2014:C. mauri
1940:Dunlin (
1913:Calidris
1900:P. sauli
1839:Arenaria
1788:L. fedoa
1654:Numenius
1584:Chordata
1582:Phylum:
1578:Animalia
999:(2000).
625:annelids
613:molluscs
578:Behavior
541:Paraguay
533:Suriname
512:in both
396:wingspan
321:is from
307:kalidris
297:Calidris
267:Taxonomy
223:protonym
205:Synonyms
187:Vieillot
148:Calidris
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
3073:2481756
2931:Avibase
2870:Q599749
2547:S. mira
2253:Actitis
1933:C. alba
1594:Order:
1588:Class:
1477:Avibase
1350:4089689
1330:The Auk
1305:4534487
1118:Bibcode
1080:: 37–46
927:, 167.
896:1522547
711:Hybrids
700:fitness
652:Nesting
629:insects
486:marshes
478:lagoons
285:plovers
189:, 1819)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
3349:Erolia
3298:159050
3285:166044
3272:368013
3246:159050
3217:NZOR:
3207:NZBO:
3200:whrsan
3187:279940
3135:176654
3080:GNAB:
3029:EURING
3021:100828
3008:whrsan
2982:whrsan
2918:ARKive
2898:whrusa
2286:Tringa
2057:Ruff (
1769:Limosa
1565:family
1520:ARKive
1511:Flickr
1348:
1303:
1165:10 Oct
1136:
1015:
931:
902:
894:
715:dunlin
537:Brazil
466:tundra
436:tarsus
426:culmen
386:weight
376:length
333:collis
326:fuscus
281:alcids
257:stints
253:Alaska
249:Canada
3293:WoRMS
3117:IRMNG
3047:96804
3016:EUNIS
3003:eBird
2979:BOW:
2972:10171
2180:Xenus
1346:JSTOR
1326:(PDF)
1301:JSTOR
1244:(PDF)
1134:S2CID
900:S2CID
892:JSTOR
633:seeds
514:Chile
323:Latin
277:gulls
3254:ODNR
3241:OBIS
3182:NCBI
3143:IUCN
3130:ITIS
3109:3866
3068:GBIF
3034:5050
2995:PK48
2967:BOLD
2946:8644
1590:Aves
1406:2006
1357:2015
1267:2015
1223:2015
1167:2015
1086:2015
1053:2015
1013:ISBN
968:2015
929:ISBN
856:2015
831:2015
788:2021
771:2017
637:moss
635:and
603:Diet
539:and
516:and
484:and
416:tail
406:wing
287:and
251:and
233:The
117:Aves
3233:232
3169:NBN
3091:IBC
2990:CoL
2905:ADW
2894:ABA
1509:on
1503:in
1491:on
1457:at
1425:at
1338:doi
1334:116
1293:doi
1256:doi
1252:100
1248:Auk
1126:doi
1009:185
884:doi
775:doi
309:or
259:".
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