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robes were naturally not worn in action. At this period, the most dignified figures, like King
Charles in the illustration, continue to wear long robes—although as the Royal Chamberlain, de Vaudetar was himself a person of very high rank. This abandonment of the robe to emphasize a tight top over the torso, with breeches or trousers below, was to become the distinctive feature of European men's fashion for centuries to come. Men had carried purses up to this time because tunics did not provide pockets.
340:
31:
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Uncovered hair was acceptable for women in the
Italian states. Many women twisted their long hair with cords or ribbons and wrapped the twists around their heads, often without any cap or veil. Hair was also worn braided. Older women and widows wore a veil and wimple, and a simple knotted kerchief
747:
only became common in the 16th century—yet some married women wore their chemises to bed as a form of modesty and piety. Many in the lower classes wore their undergarments to bed because of the cold weather at night time and since their beds usually consisted of a straw mattress and a few sheets, the
128:
was rare, even for the rich (most houses just had wooden shutters for the winter). Trade in textiles continued to grow throughout the century and formed an important part of the economy for many areas from
England to Italy. Clothes were very expensive, and employees, even high-ranking officials, were
307:
made out of wool were used to cover the legs, and were generally brightly colored, and often had leather soles, so that they did not have to be worn with shoes. The shorter clothes of the second half of the century required these to be a single garment like modern tights, whereas otherwise they were
381:
records: "Around that year (1350), men, in particular, noblemen and their squires, took to wearing tunics so short and tight that they revealed what modesty bids us hide. This was a most astonishing thing for the people". This fashion may well have derived from military clothing, where long loose
168:, which presumably produced the robes he and his Queen wore in 1351 of red velvet "embroidered with clouds of silver and eagles of pearl and gold, under each alternate cloud an eagle of pearl, and under each of the other clouds a golden eagle, every eagle having in its beak a Garter with the motto
76:
In the course of the century the length of male hemlines progressively reduced, and by the end of the century it was fashionable for men to omit the long loose over-garment of previous centuries (whether called tunic, kirtle, or other names) altogether, putting the emphasis on a tailored top that
1261:, a treatise on healthful living, show the clothing of working people: men wear short or knee-length tunics and thick shoes, and women wear knotted kerchiefs and gowns with aprons. For hot summer work, men wear shirts and braies and women wear chemises. Women tuck their gowns up when working.
421:
onto coloured silk velvet fields. It is vertically quilted, with wool stuffing and a silk satin lining. This type of coat, originally worn out of sight under armour, was in fashion as an outer garment from about 1360 until early the next century. Only this and a child's version (Chartres
472:, appeared around 1380 and was to remain fashionable well into the next century. It was essentially a robe with fullness falling from the shoulders, very full trailing sleeves, and the high collar favored at the English court. The extravagance of the sleeves was criticized by moralists.
449:(above). In the miniature (left) of Chaucer reading to his court both men and women wear very high collars and quantities of jewelry. The King (standing to the left of Chaucer; his face has been defaced) wears a patterned gold-coloured costume with matching hat. Most of the men wear
534:
1091:
wears a long fur-lined gown with hanging sleeves over a tight-sleeved kirtle, with a veil. Her gown is trimmed with embroidery or (more likely) braid. A royal lady wears a blue mantle hanging from her shoulders; her hair is worn in two braids beneath her crown. Italy,
815:
As one might imagine, a woman's outfit was not complete without some kind of headwear. As with today, a medieval woman had many options- from straw hats, to hoods to elaborate headpieces. A woman's activity and occasion would dictate what she wore on her head.
776:(although this usage of the word has been heavily criticized) and might have hanging sleeves and sometimes worn with a jeweled or metalworked belt. Over time, the hanging part of the sleeve became longer and narrower until it was the merest streamer, called a
492:
made a transformation from being a utilitarian hood with a small cape to becoming a complicated and fashionable hat worn by the wealthy in town settings. This came when they began to be worn with the opening for the face placed instead on the top of the head.
690:(chiding an indiscreet young woman, see image below) wears a long, loose houppelande. The fashionable young men wear short tunics, one with dagged edges. The man on the right wears shoes with long pointed toes, late 14th century. From the Tacuinum Sanitatis.
249:
illustrations, where it is shown as a white and blue-grey softly striped or checkered pattern lining cloaks and other outer garments; the white belly fur with the merest edging of grey was called miniver. A fashion in men's clothing for the dark furs
417:, the original of which was hung above and still survives. This has the quartered arms of England and France, with a rather similar effect to a parti-coloured jacket. The "charges" (figures) of the arms are embroidered in gold on linen pieces,
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wear their hair confined in braids or cauls over each ear, and wear sheer veils. The woman on the left wears a sideless surcoat over her kirtle, and the woman on the right wears an overgown with fur-lined hanging sleeves or tippets. From the
687:
1534:, called the "Pourpoint of Charles of Blois". It is made of highly tailored silk brocade (a total of twenty pieces of the brocade) with gold threads and lined with linen canvas. It is quilted throughout, probably stuffed with cotton.
1095:
496:
Belts were worn below waist at all times, and very low on the hips with the tightly fitted fashions of the latter half of the century. Belt pouches or purses were used, and long daggers, usually hanging diagonally to the front.
768:
for formal occasions. Fitted kirtles had wide skirts made by adding triangular gores to widen the hem without adding bulk at the waist. Kirtles also had long, fitted sleeves that sometimes reached down to cover the knuckles.
791:, an unfitted rectangle of cloth with an opening for the head that was worn in the 13th century. By the early 14th century, the sides began to be sewn together, creating a sleeveless overgown or surcoat. Outdoors, women wore
675:
681:
226:
depicted on the St. Vincent altarpiece in
Catalonia is reddish-brown on one side and plaid on the other, and remains of plaid and checkered wool fabrics dating to the 14th century have also been discovered in London.
1134:
Men wear snug boots with cuffs for fencing, late 14th century. These are almost certainly not cuffed boots, but rather hose which have been rolled down over garters. This was common practice during this period for
639:
155:
of cloth was known throughout the century, and was probably fairly common by the end; this is hard to assess as artists tended to avoid trying to depict patterned cloth due to the difficulty of doing so.
1143:, which was made out of leather. It was fashionable for the toe of the shoe to be a long point, which often had to be stuffed with material to keep its shape. A carved wooden-soled sandal-like type of
218:
garments made of two contrasting fabrics, one on each side, arose for men in mid-century, and was especially popular at the
English court. Sometimes just the hose would be different colours on each leg.
672:
of reddish brown and plaid fabric. The cotehardie fits snugly and is buttoned up the front. A narrow belt is worn around the hips. Detail of the
Altarpiece of St. Vincent, Catalonia, late 14th century.
374:, or a hood. Servants and working men wore their kirtles at various lengths, including as low as the knee or calf. However, the trend during the century was for hem-lengths to shorten for all classes.
1067:
on a breezy day. Her kirtle sleeves button from the elbow to the wrist, and she wears a sheer veil confined by a fillet or circlet. Her skirt has a long train. From the
Luttrell Psalter, England.
803:
was also adopted by women late in the century. Women invariably wore their houppelandes floor-length, the waistline rising up to right underneath the bust, sleeves very wide and hanging, like
120:
was the most important material for clothing, due to its numerous favourable qualities, such as the ability to take dye and its being a good insulator. This century saw the beginnings of the
2063:
830:, the cylindrical cages worn at the side of the head and temples, added to the richness of dress of the fashionable and the well-to-do. Other more simple forms of headdress included the
2492:
133:
893:. Over time, the crespine evolved into a mesh of jeweler's work that confined the hair on the sides of the head, and even later, at the back. This metal crespine was also called a
617:
437:; "little pieces for the lord King to wipe and clean his nose," appear in the Household Rolls (accounts), which is the first documentation of their use. He distributed jeweled
262:, with their dense white winter coats, was worn by royalty, with the black-tipped tails left on to contrast with the white for decorative effect, as in the Wilton Diptych above.
1047:
1009:
1102:, the long pointed shoes that would be worn through most of the next century by the most fashionable. Her hair is wrapped and twisted around her head, late 14th century.
736:, some fitting the figure and some loosely garmented, although there is some mention of a "breast girdle" or "breast band" which may have been the precursor of a modern
377:
However, in the second half of the century, courtiers are often shown, if they have the figure for it, wearing nothing over their closely tailored cotehardie. A French
275:
422:
Cathedral) survive. As an indication of the rapid spread of fashion between the courts of Europe, a manuscript chronicle illuminated in
Hungary by 1360 shows very
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Various sorts of overgowns were worn over the kirtle, and are called by different names by costume historians. When fitted, this garment is often called a
433:, led a court that, like many in Europe late in the century, was extremely refined and fashion-conscious. He himself is credited with having invented the
1162:
1021:
370:
was usually worn over the shirt or doublet. As with other outer garments, it was generally made of wool. Over this, a man might also wear an over-kirtle,
297:, which was held up by a belt. Next came the shirt, which was generally also made of linen, and which was considered an undergarment, like the breeches.
2038:– a site with detailed research information and instructions on the construction of 14th- and 15th-century European clothing, especially female dresses
2525:
2049:
1198:
684:
wears a chaperon that has been caught by a gust. He wears a belt pouch and carries a walking stick, late 14th century. From the
Tacuinum Sanitatis.
1554:
1538:
826:
rocketed skywards, padded rolls and truncated and reticulated headdresses graced the heads of fashionable ladies everywhere in Europe and
England.
1122:
1246:
245:, the fur of the squirrel, white on the belly and grey on the back, was particularly popular through most of the century and can be seen in many
1174:
937:
715:
Women making pasta wear linen aprons over their gowns. Their sleeves are unbuttoned at the wrist and turned up out of the way, late 14th century
2026:
819:
The Middle Ages, particularly the 14th and 15th centuries, were home to some of the most outstanding and gravity-defying headwear in history.
308:
two separate pieces covering the full length of each leg. Hose were generally tied to the breech belt, or to the breeches themselves, or to a
1407:
Koslin, Désirée, "Value-Added Stuffs and Shifts in Meaning: An Overview and Case-Study of Medieval Textile Paradigms", in Koslin and Snyder,
1106:
132:
2109:
1130:
656:
wears a knee-length tunic with long, tight sleeves over hose. Wears a belt with a waist-pouch or purse. His shoes are pointed. From the
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73:, which allowed clothing to more closely fit the human form. Also, the use of lacing and buttons allowed a more snug fit to clothing.
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hats, and the women have their hair elaborately dressed. Male courtiers enjoyed wearing fancy-dress for festivities; the disastrous
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was the finest fabric of all. In Northern Europe, silk was an imported and very expensive luxury. The well-off could afford woven
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2019:
Translation of French 19th-century book on the history of French fashion (all periods) from the University of Georgia. txt file
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in 1393 in Paris is the most famous example. Men, as well as women, wore decorated and jewelled clothes; for the entry of the
1033:
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2101:
1070:
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69:
concurs. The draped garments and straight seams of previous centuries were replaced by curved seams and the beginnings of
629:
241:
villages show that even there a fur-lined coat (rabbit, or the more expensive cat) was one of the most common garments.
2204:
2194:
462:
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of this period features broad bands of embroidered or woven trim on the dress and around the sleeves. Siena, c. 1340.
997:
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351:, 1372. For this very formal occasion, he is shown without anything over his tightly tailored top. The king wears a
2537:
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was worn while working. In the image at right, one woman wears a red hood draped over her twisted and bound hair.
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2216:
2131:
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overall. It passed out of fashion by mid-century. Unmarried girls simply braided the hair to keep the dirt out.
850:
was a band of linen that passed under the chin and was pinned on top of the head; it descended from the earlier
2532:
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was marked by the beginning of a period of experimentation with different forms of clothing. Costume historian
703:
For hawking, this woman wears a pink sleeveless gown over a green kirtle, with a linen veil and white gloves.
2008:
1994:
1478:
Netherton, Robin, "The Tippet: Accessory after Fact?", in Robin Netherton and Gale R. Owen-Crocker, editors,
2124:
1853:
1535:
1053:
465:
wore a velvet doublet embroidered with forty sheep and forty swans, each with a pearl bell around its neck.
719:
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from Italy or even further afield. Fashionable Italian silks of this period featured repeating patterns of
2209:
901:
until the beginning of the second half of the 15th century, as it was used by the Hungarian queen consort
699:
633:
246:
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1636:
Barbara Tuchman;A Distant Mirror, 1978, Alfred A Knopf Ltd, p456, quoting Vaughan's biography of Philip.
430:
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161:
90:
2018:
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are high-waisted. Women's hair was often worn uncovered or minimally uncovered in Italy. Detail of a
973:
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454:
398:
102:
1050:
wears a linen barbet and fillet headdress. She also wears a fur-lined mantle or cloak, c. 1305–1340.
897:, and remained stylish long after the barbet had fallen out of fashion. For example, it was used in
723:
Many Italian women wear their hair twisted with cord or ribbon and bound around their heads, c. 1380
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2266:
2023:
2003:
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489:
450:
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1373:, Arthur M. Hind,p 67, Houghton Mifflin Co. 1935 (in the USA), reprinted Dover Publications, 1963
30:
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309:
152:
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would often be worn over the shoe outdoors, as the shoe by itself was generally not waterproof.
1073:
on her head and a gown with vair-lined hanging sleeves or tippets. Illustration from the French
740:. Women also wore hose or stockings, although women's hose generally only reached to the knee.
315:
A doublet was a buttoned jacket that was generally of hip length. Similar garments were called
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helmet was a new development in this century. Ordinary soldiers were lucky to have a mail
504:
worn, and by the end of the century the full suit had been developed, although mixtures of
85:
77:
fell a little below the waist—a silhouette that is still reflected in men's costume today.
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Civilization and Capitalism, 15th-18th Centuries, Vol 1: The Structures of Everyday Life
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Civilization and Capitalism, 15th-18th Centuries, Vol 1: The Structures of Everyday Life
258:
arose around 1380, and squirrel fur was thereafter relegated to formal ceremonial wear.
2136:
518:
446:
189:
121:
110:
136:
Mary de Bohun wears an ermine-lined mantle tied with red strings. Her servant wears a
129:
usually supplied with, typically, one outfit per year, as part of their remuneration.
101:. St John the Baptist wears his iconographical clothes, but the sainted English kings
2583:
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35:
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Two men threshing sheaf seen wearing braies, from the Luttrell Psalter (c.1325-1335)
17:
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1617:
1462:
501:
434:
402:
197:
2013:
1668:"The Marriage; the Kiss of the Bride (initial P); the Bride Abandoned (initial D)"
846:
Married women in Northern and Western Europe wore some type of headcovering. The
1939:, Volume 1, Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK, and Rochester, NY, the Boydell Press, 2005,
1144:
800:
469:
418:
348:
144:
94:
58:
1594:"Medieval Clothing Facts and information - Medieval clothing history, fashions"
50:
shells on his hat. The lady wears a blue cloak lined in vair, or squirrel, fur
773:
505:
316:
157:
744:
737:
378:
204:
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Conservative (left) and high-fashion (right) shoes of the late 14th century
1703:
780:, then gaining the floral or leaflike daggings in the end of the century.
1140:
1099:
875:
509:
304:
290:
238:
1389:
Donald King in Jonathan Alexander & Paul Binski (eds), op cit, p 160
401:, who died in 1376, show the military version of the same outline. Over
160:
in wool, and silk or gold thread for the rich were used for decoration.
61:
suggests that the mid-14th century marks the emergence of recognizable "
898:
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513:
185:
181:
62:
1951:
History of Costume from the Ancient Egyptians to the Twentieth Century
1731:
History of Costume from the Ancient Egyptians to the Twentieth Century
2251:
1369:, p 157, Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1987 and b)
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The barbet and fillet or barbet and veil could also be worn over the
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367:
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223:
222:
Checkered and plaid fabrics were occasionally seen; a parti-coloured
98:
70:
1916:
Encountering Medieval Textiles and Dress: Objects, texts, and Images
743:
All classes and both sexes are usually shown sleeping naked—special
1991:
1953:, Harper & Row, 1965. No ISBN for this edition; ASIN B0006BMNFS
2119:
1467:
A History of Private Life, Vol 2 Revelations of the Medieval World
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Clothing of the first half of the 14th century is depicted in the
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The innermost layer of a woman's clothing was a linen or woolen
632:
are worn rolled over a belt at the waist. From the miniature of
442:
359:
352:
242:
177:
117:
2045:
2035:
1715:
1624:, Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1987, p 480.
1365:
a) Donald King in Jonathan Alexander & Paul Binski (eds),
859:
230:
1530:
There is a famous surviving example in the Textile Museum at
1469:, 1988 (English translation), p.571, Belknap Press, Harvard U
756:
Over the chemise, women wore a loose or fitted gown called a
1139:
Footwear during the 14th century generally consisted of the
445:(deer) to his friends, like the one he himself wears in the
1579:, Archives Nationales, Paris. Quoted in: Fernand Braudel,
1872:
Crowfoot, Elizabeth, Frances Prichard and Kay Staniland,
1657:
Claude Blair, in Alexander & Binski, op cit pp 169–70
1441:
Crowfoot, Elizabeth, Frances Pruchard and Kay Staniland,
331:. These garments were worn over the shirt and the hose.
1888:
Gold and Spices: The Rise of Commerce in the Middle Ages
1493:
Gold and Spices: The Rise of Commerce in the Middle Ages
858:), which was now worn only by older women, widows, and
1826:, Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 1987
1824:
Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200–1400
1622:
Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200–1400
1367:
Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200–1400
500:
In armour, the century saw increases in the amount of
1935:
Netherton, Robin, and Gale R. Owen-Crocker, editors,
666:
wears a red cotehardie, hose, and hood. Italy, 1350s.
347:, presents his gift of a manuscript to the King, by
2546:
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2470:
2439:
2408:
2338:
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1780:
A Practical Guide to Reproducing 14th Century Shoes
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
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1583:, p. 317, William Collins & Sons, London 1981
1315:, p. 317, William Collins & Sons, London 1981
1858:(Expanded ed.). New York: Harry N. Abrams.
484:Man wearing a chaperon, Italy, late 14th century
1856:: the History of Costume and Personal Adornment
1620:in Jonathan Alexander & Paul Binski (eds),
1972:The English Fur Trade in the Later Middle Ages
1626:The effigy and arming-coat of the Black Prince
38:. In the lower panel, the man is dressed as a
2057:
508:and plate remained more common. The visored
441:badges with his personal emblem of the white
8:
1822:Alexander, Jonathan, and Paul Binski (eds),
1974:, 2nd Edition, London Folio Society 2005.
1914:Koslin, Désirée and Janet E. Snyder, eds.:
678:wears side-lacing boots, late 14th century.
2064:
2050:
2042:
1930:The Concise History of Costume and Fashion
1794:, page 114. Greenwood Press, London, 2005
1744:The Concise History of Costume and Fashion
1346:The Concise History of Costume and Fashion
1300:The Concise History of Costume and Fashion
866:or headband, or with a linen cap called a
764:, usually ankle or floor-length, and with
164:established an embroidery workshop in the
2014:The Cotehardie & Houppelande Homepage
1328:, page 93. Greenwood Press, London, 2005
1257:Images from a 14th-century manuscript of
748:undergarment would act as another layer.
646:at shoulder, underarm, and hem. From the
393:The funeral effigy and "achievements" of
283:The innermost layer of clothing were the
2024:Glossary of some medieval clothing terms
1725:
1723:
1409:Encountering Medieval Textiles and Dress
522:("boiled leather") knee or shin pieces.
293:, a loose undergarment, usually made of
29:
1829:Black, J. Anderson, and Madge Garland:
1443:Textiles and Clothing c. 1150 – c. 1450
1420:Black, J. Anderson, and Madge Garland:
1371:An Introduction to a History of Woodcut
1291:
1158:
921:
529:
389:Geoffrey Chaucer reciting before nobles
140:tunic. From an English psalter, 1380–85
1874:Textiles and Clothing c. 1150 -c. 1450
1647:Concise History of Costume and Fashion
343:Jean de Vaudetar, chamberlain of King
97:of silk brocade with the badge of his
2595:History of clothing (Western fashion)
1956:Singman, Jeffrey L. and Will McLean:
1790:Singman, Jeffrey L. and Will McLean:
1324:Singman, Jeffrey L. and Will McLean:
109:are in contemporary royal dress. The
7:
2110:Prehistory of nakedness and clothing
1904:, Dover Publications reprint, 1963,
862:. The barbet was worn with a linen
55:Fashion in fourteenth-century Europe
1596:. Ashevillelist.com. Archived from
405:he is shown wearing a short fitted
1890:, London, Holmes and Meier, 1998,
25:
148:14th-century Italian silk damasks
2165:
2086:History of clothing and textiles
1992:Medieval clothing and embroidery
1960:. Greenwood Press, London, 2005
1245:
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670:Man in a particolored cotehardie
616:
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592:
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568:
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544:
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27:Costumes in the period 1300–1400
2493:impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
1958:Daily Life in Chaucer's England
1792:Daily Life in Chaucer's England
1692:Daily Life in Chaucer's England
1575:Continuation of a chronicle of
1519:Daily Life in Chaucer's England
1356:Singman & McLean, id, p. 94
1326:Daily Life in Chaucer's England
1098:wears an early houppelande and
2009:14th Century at de Vieuxchamps
1937:Medieval Clothing and Textiles
1480:Medieval Clothing and Textiles
40:pilgrim on the Way of St James
1:
1276:1400–1500 in European fashion
1271:1100–1200 in European fashion
636:, Catalonia, c. 14th century.
426:to Edward's English version.
237:for warmth; inventories from
233:was mostly worn as an inner
2409:1920s–1950s Western fashion
2339:1830s–1910s Western fashion
2276:1500s–1820s Western fashion
1109:and her children. From the
842:Northern and western Europe
799:, often lined in fur. The
682:Man walking in a brisk wind
642:is made of rectangles with
188:and animals, deriving from
2621:
1876:, Museum of London, 1992,
1445:, Museum of London, 1992,
1105:Hungarian fashion showing
1048:Woman presenting a chaplet
42:with the requisite staff,
2600:Medieval European costume
2163:
2091:History of fashion design
2080:
1344:See discussion in Laver:
1096:An indiscreet young woman
488:During this century, the
171:hony soyt qui mal y pense
2416:Suffrage Movement period
1733:, Harper & Row, 1965
1071:Woman wearing a red hood
783:Sleeveless overgowns or
694:
476:Headgear and accessories
461:into Paris in 1389, the
395:Edward, the Black Prince
265:
192:silk-weaving centres in
65:" in clothing, in which
2075:of clothing and fashion
1854:20,000 Years of Fashion
1769:20,000 Years of Fashion
575:4 – Cotehardie and hood
271:Shirt, doublet and hose
2605:14th century in Europe
1536:Description and photos
1155:Working class clothing
1136:
1127:
1061:, England, c. 1325–35.
724:
716:
708:
660:, England, c. 1325–35.
485:
390:
355:
280:
247:illuminated manuscript
196:, and ultimately from
174:embroidered thereon."
149:
141:
114:
51:
2504:By country and region
2004:Digital Codex Manesse
1302:, Abrams, 1979, p. 62
1147:or overshoe called a
1133:
1125:
1027:9 - Hungarian fashion
943:2 – Barbet and fillet
889:, a thick hairnet or
722:
714:
702:
483:
431:Richard II of England
388:
342:
278:
147:
135:
91:Richard II of England
88:
46:or shoulder bag, and
33:
2590:14th-century fashion
2471:2000–present fashion
1902:A History of Costume
1831:A History of Fashion
1704:History of Nightwear
1690:Singman and McLean:
1517:Singman and McLean:
1422:A History of Fashion
1076:Romance of Alexander
1003:7 – Bride and ladies
870:, with or without a
551:2 – Shirt and braies
399:Canterbury Cathedral
335:Tunic and cotehardie
103:Edward the Confessor
93:, kneeling, wears a
18:1300–1400 in fashion
2511:Indian subcontinent
2440:1960s-1990s fashion
1970:Veale, Elspeth M.:
1918:, Macmillan, 2002,
1577:Guillaume de Nangis
1107:Elizabeth of Poland
991:6 – Italian fashion
752:Gowns and outerwear
516:, and perhaps some
468:A new garment, the
429:Edward's son, King
345:Charles V of France
2029:2016-12-28 at the
1997:2007-07-02 at the
1757:History of Costume
1541:2009-10-26 at the
1259:Tacuinum Sanitatis
1137:
1128:
725:
717:
709:
650:, c. 14th century.
648:Tacuinum Sanitatis
486:
391:
356:
281:
153:Woodblock printing
150:
142:
115:
52:
2577:
2576:
1849:Yvonne Deslandres
1551:several in colour
1311:Fernand Braudel,
1065:Woman in a garden
1044:, Padua, 1304–06.
931:1 – Italian gowns
107:Edmund the Martyr
16:(Redirected from
2612:
2323:Directoire style
2169:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2043:
1949:Payne, Blanche:
1869:
1845:François Boucher
1811:
1808:
1802:
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1777:
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1177:
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1111:Chronicon Pictum
1059:Luttrell Psalter
1024:
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988:
976:
964:
955:3 – Women dining
952:
940:
928:
903:Barbara of Celje
787:derive from the
734:chemise or smock
695:Women's clothing
658:Luttrell Psalter
634:Breviari d'Amour
620:
608:
596:
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463:Duke of Burgundy
81:Fabrics and furs
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2036:La Cotte Simple
2031:Wayback Machine
1999:Wayback Machine
1988:
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1809:
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1778:
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1716:La Cotte Simple
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1113:, 14th century.
1083:Italian fashion
1054:Women at dinner
1028:
1025:
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1015:8 – Houppelande
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623:8 – Men's gowns
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459:Queen of France
455:Bal des Ardents
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166:Tower of London
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67:Fernand Braudel
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1986:External links
1984:
1983:
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1954:
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1932:, Abrams, 1979
1928:Laver, James:
1926:
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1900:Kohler, Carl:
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1886:Favier, Jean,
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447:Wilton Diptych
424:similar styles
336:
333:
272:
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267:
266:Men's clothing
264:
216:parti-coloured
210:A fashion for
122:Little Ice Age
111:Wilton Diptych
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1600:on 2020-05-20
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68:
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49:
45:
41:
37:
36:Codex Manesse
32:
19:
2239:
1971:
1957:
1950:
1936:
1929:
1915:
1901:
1887:
1873:
1852:
1830:
1823:
1806:
1791:
1786:
1775:
1768:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1743:
1738:
1730:
1711:
1699:
1691:
1686:
1675:. Retrieved
1671:
1662:
1653:
1646:
1641:
1632:
1621:
1618:Claude Blair
1613:
1602:. Retrieved
1598:the original
1588:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1526:
1518:
1492:
1487:
1479:
1474:
1466:
1463:Georges Duby
1458:
1442:
1437:
1421:
1416:
1408:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1352:
1345:
1340:
1325:
1320:
1312:
1307:
1299:
1294:
1256:
1240:Storing wood
1192:Cheesemaking
1138:
1074:
912:
894:
886:
884:
871:
855:
854:(in French,
847:
845:
838:of flowers.
821:
818:
814:
782:
777:
771:
757:
755:
742:
731:
599:6 – Huntsman
519:cuir bouilli
517:
502:plate armour
499:
495:
487:
467:
435:handkerchief
428:
414:
410:
406:
392:
376:
357:
328:
324:
320:
314:
299:
284:
282:
229:
221:
215:
211:
209:
198:Yuan Dynasty
176:
169:
151:
137:
116:
75:
54:
53:
43:
2547:By clothing
2210:Western Xia
2200:Jurchen Jin
2182:Anglo-Saxon
2175:Middle Ages
2120:Han Chinese
1672:www.nga.gov
1557:2009-10-19.
822:Before the
811:Headdresses
801:houppelande
654:Serving man
611:7 – Walking
563:3 – Servant
470:houppelande
407:arming-coat
349:Jean Bondol
95:houppelande
59:James Laver
2584:Categories
2267:Vietnamese
2225:400s–1000s
1817:References
1810:id. p. 116
1677:2022-04-13
1604:2012-06-12
1482:, Volume 1
1079:, 1338–44.
872:couvrechef
834:or simple
774:cotehardie
664:Bridegroom
539:1 – Braies
506:chain mail
317:cotehardie
239:Burgundian
224:cotehardie
162:Edward III
158:Embroidery
89:The young
2431:1945–1960
2426:1930–1945
2388:Edwardian
2346:Victorian
2318:1795–1820
2313:1775–1795
2308:1750–1775
2303:1700–1750
2298:1650–1700
2293:1600–1650
2288:1550–1600
2283:1500–1550
2262:Tocharian
2187:Byzantine
1767:Boucher,
1694:, page 98
1566:id. p. 97
1398:id, p. 95
1180:Threshing
1100:poulaines
745:nightwear
728:Underwear
707:, 1305–40
688:Older man
419:appliquéd
379:chronicle
321:pourpoint
205:Silk Road
71:tailoring
2569:Swimwear
2533:Thailand
2191:Chinese
2157:Thracian
2142:Biblical
2132:Egyptian
2073:Timeline
2027:Archived
1995:Archived
1851:(1987).
1833:, 1975,
1706:(German)
1555:Archived
1539:Archived
1432:, p. 122
1424:, 1975,
1265:See also
1141:turnshoe
1118:Footwear
979:5 – Hood
887:crespine
876:kerchief
676:Huntsman
510:bascinet
490:chaperon
451:chaperon
305:chausses
291:breeches
212:mi-parti
203:via the
186:roundels
182:brocades
138:mi-parti
2257:Ottoman
2221:Europe
2217:English
2102:Ancient
1755:Payne,
1645:Laver,
1521:, p.101
1216:Fishing
1204:Milking
1135:workers
1089:A bride
899:Hungary
836:circlet
832:coronet
797:mantles
785:tabards
644:gussets
514:hauberk
325:jaqueta
310:doublet
190:Ottoman
126:glazing
113:1395–99
63:fashion
2559:Corset
2554:Bikini
2252:Korean
1978:
1964:
1943:
1922:
1908:
1894:
1880:
1862:
1837:
1798:
1449:
1428:
1377:
1332:
1149:patten
1092:1350s.
1042:Giotto
1038:fresco
864:fillet
852:wimple
848:barbet
824:hennin
793:cloaks
789:cyclas
778:tippet
766:trains
762:kirtle
630:Braies
439:livery
403:armour
368:kirtle
286:braies
260:Ermine
256:marten
235:lining
124:, and
99:livery
48:cockle
2526:Meiji
2521:Japan
2516:Italy
2488:2020s
2483:2010s
2478:2000s
2462:1990s
2457:1980s
2452:1970s
2447:1960s
2421:1920s
2398:1910s
2393:1900s
2381:1890s
2376:1880s
2371:1870s
2366:1860s
2361:1850s
2356:1840s
2351:1830s
2330:1820s
2245:1400s
2240:1300s
2235:1200s
2230:1100s
2152:Roman
2147:Greek
2137:Inuit
2115:China
1287:Notes
909:Italy
891:snood
878:) or
856:barbe
828:Cauls
758:cotte
640:Shirt
415:gipon
411:jupon
372:cloak
366:, or
364:tunic
329:jubón
295:linen
252:sable
201:China
194:Bursa
44:scrip
2564:Hide
2205:Yuan
2195:Liao
1976:ISBN
1962:ISBN
1941:ISBN
1920:ISBN
1906:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1878:ISBN
1860:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1796:ISBN
1545:and
1532:Lyon
1465:ed.,
1447:ISBN
1426:ISBN
1375:ISBN
1330:ISBN
1145:clog
895:caul
880:veil
868:coif
860:nuns
443:hart
360:robe
353:coif
301:Hose
254:and
243:Vair
178:Silk
118:Wool
105:and
2125:Shu
1040:by
795:or
760:or
738:bra
413:or
409:or
397:in
327:or
303:or
289:or
231:Fur
214:or
2586::
1847:;
1722:^
1670:.
1553:.
1549:,
1500:^
807:.
362:,
358:A
323:,
319:,
312:.
207:.
2065:e
2058:t
2051:v
1868:.
1680:.
1607:.
1453:,
874:(
20:)
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