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306:. Antonello's paintings after that date show an observation of almost microscopic detail and of minute gradations of light on reflecting or light absorbent objects that is very close to the style of the Netherlandish masters, suggesting that Antonello was personally instructed by Christus. Also, the calmer expressions on human faces and calmness in the overall composition of Antonello's works appear to be owing to a Netherlandish influence. He is believed to have shared Van Eyck's techniques with
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Antonello's style is remarkable for its union of
Italian simplicity with Flemish concern for detail. He exercised an enormous influence on Italian painting, not only by the introduction of the Flemish invention, but also by the transmission of Flemish tendencies. However, no school of painting formed
458:
format which was perfected by
Giovanni Bellini (Antonello's surviving work in Vienna is only a fragment of a much larger original). It is also likely that Antonello passed on both the techniques of using oil paints and the principles of calmness on subjects' faces and in the composition of paintings
431:
in 1475 and remained there until the fall of 1476. His works of this period begin to show a greater attention to the human figure, regarding both anatomy and expressivity, indicating the influence of Piero della
Francesca and Giovanni Bellini. His most famous pictures from this period include the
1060:
The letter to the
Venetian Marcantonio Michiel, of 20 March 1524, reporting on the state of art in Naples, and works there by Netherlandish painters, dwells upon Colantonio and his Netherlandish technique, which one sees assimilated in the art of Antonello; it was published by Fausto Niccolini,
317:
Between the years of 1456 and 1457, Antonello proved himself to be a master painter in
Messina. He also shared his home with Paolo di Ciacio, a student from Calabria. The artist's earliest documented commission, in 1457, was for a banner for the Confraternità di San Michele dei Gerbini in
404:
Although
Antonello is mentioned in many documents between 1460 and 1465, establishing his presence in Messina in those years, a gap in the sources between 1465 and 1471 suggests that he may have spent these years on the mainland. In 1474, he painted the
302:, in Milan in early 1456. It appears likely that this was in fact Antonello da Messina as this would explain why he was one of the first Italians to master Eyckian oil painting, and why Petrus Christus was the first Netherlandish painter to learn Italian
298:) belonging to King Alfonso V of Aragon at Naples and consequently introduced oil painting to Italy. Recent evidence indicates that an "Antonello di Sicilia" (di Sicilia meaning 'from Sicily') was in contact with Van Eyck's most accomplished follower,
1743:
492:
He died at
Messina in 1479. His testament dates from February of that year, and he is documented as no longer alive two months later. Some of his last works remained unfinished, but were completed by his son Jacobello.
376:, the subject being shown bust-length, against a dark background, full face or in three-quarter view, while most previous Italian painters had adopted the medal-style profile pose for individual portraits.
258:
in the Royal Museum of
Antwerp dates from the same period. These early works shows a marked Flemish influence, which is now understood to be inspired by his master Colantonio and from paintings by
182:
into Italy, although this is now regarded as wrong. Unusually for a southern
Italian artist of the Renaissance, his work proved influential on painters in northern Italy, especially in
459:
to
Giovanni Bellini and other Venetian painters during that visit. While in Venice he was offered, but did not accept, the opportunity to become the court portrait painter to the
343:, in which standard iconography and Flemish style are combined with a greater attention in the volumetric proportions of the figures, probably indicating a knowledge of works by
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around 1429–1431, to Garita (Margherita) and Giovanni de Antonio Mazonus, a sculptor who trained him early on. He and his family resided in the Sicofanti district of the city.
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365:. In 1461 Antonello's younger brother Giordano entered his workshop, signing a three-year contract. In that year Antonello painted a
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1379:, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Antonello da Messina (see index)
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described Antonello as "the first Italian painter for whom the individual portrait was an art form in its own right".
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228:, where Netherlandish painting was then fashionable. According to a letter written in 1524 by the Neapolitan humanist
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1703:
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was especially influential on Venetian painters, as it was one of the first of the large compositions in the
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Antonello had returned to Sicily by September 1476. Works from near the end of his life include the famous
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Antonello returned to Messina from Naples during the 1450s. In around 1455, he painted the so-called
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2007:
2002:
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1065:(Naples) 1925:161-63. It is translated in Carol M. Richardson, Kim Woods, and Michael W. Franklin,
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1878:
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1344:
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Historians believe that Antonello painted his first portraits in the late 1460s. They follow a
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1976:
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927:- Oil and tempera on panel transferred from panel, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
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Magazine article on Antonello da Messina and the technique of egg tempera / oil media
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1966:
1244:(exhibition catalogue). New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art Yale University Press.
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1997:
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1893:
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1652:
1914:
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treatments of the subject, which is now in the Muzeul de Artă in Bucharest. A
616:- Various techniques on wood, 40.2 x 30.2 cm, Museo della Magna Grecia,
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236:
in Naples. This account of his training is accepted by most art historians.
1343:
1047:
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753:- Oil on panel 52.5 x 42.5 cm, Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten,
644:- Tempera on panel, 19.5 x 14.3 cm, Private collection, New York City
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17:
1027:
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1306:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 148.
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946:
Memorie istorico-critiche di Antonello degli Antonj pittore Messinese
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599:- Tempera and oil on panel, 40 x 33 cm, Galleria Nazionale di
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
604:
571:
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804:- Oil on panel, 28 x 21 cm, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid
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Antonello is thought to have apprenticed in Rome before going to
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1267:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (March 2010)
1067:
Renaissance Art Reconsidered: An Anthology of Primary Sources
669:- Oil on wood, 43.2 x 34.3 cm, National Gallery, London
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in Calabria. In that year, Antonello painted the so-called
1577:
879:- Oil on wood, 45 x 34,5 cm, Museo Nazionale, Palermo
793:- Oil on panel, 36 x 25 cm, National Gallery, London
680:- Oil on wood, 32 x 26 cm, Staatliche Museen, Berlin
369:, now lost, for the Messinese nobleman Giovanni Mirulla.
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1151:
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844:- Oil on wood, 25,8 x 21 cm, Musée du Louvre, Paris
630:- Tempera on panel, 194 x 202 cm, Regional Museum,
1026:
Lesberg, Sandy, ed. (1974) . "Glossary of Gothic Art".
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908:- Panel, 20.4 x 14.5 cm, Staatliche Museen, Berlin
347:. Also from around 1460 are two small panels depicting
742:- Oil on wood, 35 x 38 cm, Musée du Louvre, Paris
232:, in about 1450 Antonello was a pupil of the painter
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after his death, with the exception of the Sicilian
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1425–1430 – February 1479), properly
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767:- Wood, 42 x 25,5 cm, National Gallery, London
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1242:Antonello da Messina, Sicily's Renaissance Master
868:- Oil on panel, Museo Civico d'Arte Antica, Turin
584:- Tempera and oil on panel, 42.5 x 30.5 cm,
2068:Natural Reserve The Mountains of Ferns and Leeks
1119:Benezit Dictionary of Artists. Oxford Art Online
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30:"Antonello" redirects here. For other uses, see
1593:
1398:
1376:Petrus Christus: Renaissance master of Bruges
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1318:Antonello da Messina in the "History of Art"
333:to bring back Antonello and his family from
329:In 1460, his father is mentioned leasing a
2109:International Tennis Tournament of Messina
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1586:
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1391:
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1330:Antonello da Messina – Biography and Works
996:"Saint Jerome in his Study' in 10 minutes"
38:
1032:. New York: Peebles Press International.
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1261:“Antonello da Messina (ca. 1430–1479).”
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1567:Male portraits by Antonello da Messina
266:that belonged to Colantonio's patron,
178:credited him with the introduction of
170:His work shows strong influences from
824:The Dead Christ Supported by an Angel
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91:February 1479 (aged 48–49)
7:
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2058:Laghetti di Marinello nature reserve
1872:Politicians, civil service, military
1021:
1019:
1017:
896:Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden
665:Madonna with Child (Salting Madonna)
2123:Transportation & infrastructure
916:- Oil on panel, Museo Mandralisca,
691:- Oil on panel, 180 x 180 cm,
1063:L'arte napoletana del Rinascimento
737:Portrait of a Man (Il Condottiere)
709:- Oil on wood, 46 x 36,5 cm,
419:also dates from around this time.
359:Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia
136:[antoˈnɛlloda(m)mesˈsiːna]
25:
2135:Messina Marittima railway station
1265:Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History
724:Oil on panel, 48.5 x 38 cm,
2157:
2148:
2147:
2130:Messina Centrale railway station
1280:
817:Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
286:In his biography of the artist,
145:Antonello di Giovanni di Antonio
70:Antonello di Giovanni di Antonio
49:
1633:Battle of the Strait of Messina
1273:The Portrait in the Renaissance
693:Bellomo Palace Regional Gallery
290:remarked that Antonello saw an
2104:International Rally of Messina
1694:Forte del Santissimo Salvatore
159:, was an Italian painter from
1:
2224:15th-century Italian painters
1202:Hartt pg. 563; Raunch pg. 361
140:
2184:Italian Renaissance painters
1345:"Antonello da Messina"
1271:Pope-Hennessy, John (1966).
552:- Museo della Magna Grecia,
548:Abraham Served by the Angels
350:Abraham Served by the Angels
172:Early Netherlandish painting
163:, active during the Italian
2036:Parks & nature reserves
1941:Eustochia Smeralda Calafato
1714:Monument to John of Austria
1240:Barbera, Giocchino (2005).
467:Return to Messina and death
27:Italian painter (died 1479)
2245:
2053:Isola Bella nature reserve
1724:Palazzo del Monte di Pietà
1704:Messina astronomical clock
913:Portrait of an unknown man
874:Virgin of the Annunciation
850:Virgin of the Annunciation
829:- Panel, 74 x 51 cm,
586:Metropolitan Museum of Art
537:Brukenthal National Museum
94:Messina, Kingdom of Sicily
60:, possibly a self-portrait
29:
2209:Italian portrait painters
2143:
1946:Annibale Maria Di Francia
1638:Fortifications of Messina
1474:Saint Jerome in His Study
1121:. Oxford University Press
48:
2219:Kingdom of Sicily people
1445:(c. 1460–1469; disputed)
2094:Baseball World Cup 2009
2089:Baseball World Cup 1998
1668:Siege of Messina (1848)
1628:1908 Messina earthquake
1498:San Cassiano Altarpiece
1323:13 October 2013 at the
1303:Encyclopædia Britannica
903:Portrait of a Young Man
856:Alte Pinakothek, Munich
810:San Cassiano Altarpiece
704:St. Jerome in His Study
450:San Cassiano Altarpiece
439:San Cassiano Altarpiece
416:St. Jerome in His Study
195:Early life and training
1986:Researchers, academics
1787:Maria Grazia Cucinotta
1450:San Gregorio Polyptych
1115:"Antonello da Messina"
892:transferred from panel
625:San Gregorio Polyptych
506:
487:San Gregorio Polyptych
401:
283:
217:Antonello was born at
214:
206:St Jerome in His Study
149:Antonello degli Antoni
132:Italian pronunciation:
2214:Painters from Messina
2204:Italian male painters
2189:Quattrocento painters
2099:EuroBasket Women 1968
1993:Aristocles of Messene
1806:Artists and designers
1351:Catholic Encyclopedia
1259:Christiansen, Keith.
499:
386:
345:Piero della Francesca
276:
260:Rogier van der Weyden
202:
2048:Alcantara River Park
1903:Musicians, composers
1833:Antonello da Messina
1677:Monuments and places
1544:(c. 1454–1455, 1475)
1514:Christ at the Column
1414:Antonello da Messina
1298:Antonello da Messina
994:Campbell, Caroline.
894:, 171 × 85 cm,
839:Christ at the Column
128:Antonello da Messina
43:Antonello da Messina
2084:10 Hours of Messina
2008:Francesco Maurolico
2003:Caio Domenico Gallo
1493:(London; 1475–1476)
612:St. Jerome Penitent
455:sacra conversazione
374:Netherlandish model
354:St. Jerome Penitent
268:Alfonso V of Aragon
120:Italian Renaissance
2114:Messina Grand Prix
1879:Giuseppe La Farina
1843:Giovanni Quagliata
1823:Antonio Barbalonga
1818:Anna Maria Arduino
1813:Girolamo Alibrandi
1689:Chiesa del Carmine
1684:Church of Catalani
1643:Messina Conference
1616:History of Messina
1509:(Palermo; c. 1476)
1359:Web Gallery of Art
1275:. London: Phaidon.
1170:Pope-Hennessy 1966
1002:. National Gallery
507:
427:Antonello went to
402:
378:John Pope-Hennessy
367:Madonna with Child
304:linear perspective
296:Lomellini Tryptych
284:
234:Niccolò Colantonio
215:
157:Anthony of Messina
147:, but also called
2229:Catholic painters
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2170:
2031:
2030:
2018:Giuseppe Seguenza
1977:Valerio Vermiglio
1920:Filippo Bonaffino
1828:Francesco Comande
1749:Strait of Messina
1739:Pylons of Messina
1719:Palace of Culture
1648:Senate of Messina
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1490:Portrait of a Man
1458:Virgin Annunciate
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780:Galleria Borghese
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530:Sibiu Crucifixion
505:, Antwerp, detail
479:Palazzo Abatellis
474:Virgin Annunciate
395:Palazzo Abatellis
390:Virgin Annunciate
294:by Van Eyck (the
247:Sibiu Crucifixion
165:Early Renaissance
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81:Kingdom of Sicily
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588:, New York City
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1123:. Retrieved
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1998:Dicaearchus
1894:Luigi Rizzo
1777:Adolfo Celi
1653:Mategriffon
1541:Crucifixion
1501:(1475–1476)
1367:article on
1125:13 February
762:Crucifixion
748:Crucifixion
502:Crucifixion
434:Condottiero
357:now in the
256:Crucifixion
100:Nationality
2178:Categories
1915:Mario Aspa
1029:Gothic Art
933:References
906:(c. 1478)
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582:(c. 1470)
485:, and the
413:, and the
331:brigantine
153:Anglicized
2043:Argimusco
1549:Ecce Homo
1437:(c. 1455)
1421:Paintings
719:Ecce Homo
639:Ecce Homo
594:Ecce Homo
579:Ecce Homo
409:, now in
324:Jacobello
190:Biography
18:Antonello
2153:Category
1934:Religion
1754:LaFenice
1623:Timeline
1365:Guardian
1321:Archived
1254:(online)
1006:24 April
833:, Madrid
730:Piacenza
722:(1475) -
713:, London
697:Syracuse
659:, Berlin
564:(1460s)
442:and the
411:Syracuse
116:Movement
111:Painting
2163:Commons
1609:Messina
1560:Related
1482:Calvary
1433:Abraham
1354:. 1913.
1291::
1234:Sources
1048:2163980
1000:YouTube
866:(1476)
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632:Messina
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483:Palermo
399:Palermo
393:in the
335:Amantea
308:Gentile
252:Flemish
219:Messina
161:Messina
103:Italian
77:Messina
1955:Sports
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448:. The
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423:Venice
226:Naples
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541:Sibiu
1925:Gens
1431:and
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1127:2017
1044:OCLC
1034:ISBN
1008:2022
387:The
352:and
310:and
262:and
213:1475
209:, c.
151:and
88:Died
66:Born
1300:".
1263:In
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155:as
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