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Omnipotence

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513:, for example, is not a power but a defect or infirmity. In response to questions of a deity performing impossibilities, e.g. making square circles, Aquinas says that "everything that does not imply a contradiction in terms, is numbered amongst those possible things, in respect of which God is called omnipotent: whereas whatever implies contradiction does not come within the scope of divine omnipotence, because it cannot have the aspect of possibility. Hence it is better to say that such things cannot be done, than that God cannot do them. Nor is this contrary to the word of the angel, saying: 'No word shall be impossible with God.' For whatever implies a contradiction cannot be a word, because no intellect can possibly conceive such a thing." 122: 487:
Omnipotence is perfect power, free from all mere potentiality. Hence, although God does not bring into external being all that He is able to accomplish, His power must not be understood as passing through successive stages before its effect is accomplished. The activity of God is simple and eternal, without evolution or change. The transition from possibility to actuality or from act to potentiality, occurs only in creatures. When it is said that God can or could do a thing, the terms are not to be understood in the sense in which they are applied to created causes, but as conveying the idea of a Being, the range of Whose activity is limited only by His sovereign Will.
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these same effects. On the other hand, even though no creature existed, God's power would not be barren, for "creatures are not an end to God." Regarding the deity's power, medieval theologians contended that there are certain things that even an omnipotent deity cannot do. The statement "a deity can do anything" is only sensible with an assumed suppressed clause, "that implies the perfection of true power". This standard scholastic answer allows that acts of creatures such as walking can be performed by humans but not by a deity. Rather than an advantage in power, human acts such as walking, sitting, or giving birth were possible only because of a
84: 637:, deities are said to act in the world through persuasion, and not by coercion (this is a matter of choice—a deity could act miraculously, and perhaps on occasion does so—while for process theism it is a matter of necessity—creatures have inherent powers that a deity cannot, even in principle, override). Deities are manifested in the world through inspiration and the creation of possibility, not necessarily by 27: 538:
about God: meaningless combinations of words do not suddenly acquire meaning simply because we prefix to them the two other words 'God can.'... It is no more possible for God than for the weakest of his creatures to carry out both of two mutually exclusive alternatives; not because his power meets an
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would have it, that the power of the designer is limited, but only that God has willed to manifest his glory by a world so constituted rather than by another. Indeed, the production of secondary causes, capable of accomplishing certain effects, requires greater power than the direct accomplishment of
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argues that omnipotence is not found in the Hebrew and Greek scriptures. The Hebrew words Shaddai (breasts) and Sabaoth (hosts) are wrongly translated as "God almighty" or "divine omnipotence". Pantokrator, the Greek word in the New Testament and Septuagint often translated in English as "almighty",
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For example, although someone might control a lump of jelly-pudding almost completely, the inability of that pudding to stage any resistance renders that person's power rather unimpressive. Power can only be said to be great if it is over something that has defenses and its own agenda. If a deity's
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Power is influence, and perfect power is perfect influence ... power must be exercised upon something, at least if by power we mean influence, control; but the something controlled cannot be absolutely inert, since the merely passive, that which has no active tendency of its own, is nothing; yet if
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Power is predicated of God not as something really distinct from His knowledge and will, but as differing from them logically; inasmuch as power implies a notion of a principle putting into execution what the will commands, and what knowledge directs, which three things in God are identified. Or we
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It is sometimes objected that this aspect of omnipotence involves the contradiction that God cannot do all that He can do; but the argument is sophistical; it is no contradiction to assert that God can realize whatever is possible, but that no number of actualized possibilities exhausts His power.
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acknowledged difficulty in comprehending the deity's power: "All confess that God is omnipotent; but it seems difficult to explain in what His omnipotence precisely consists: for there may be doubt as to the precise meaning of the word 'all' when we say that God can do all things. If, however, we
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took a more positive view of a belief in early omnipotence, seeing it as essential to the child's well-being; and "good-enough" mothering as essential to enable the child to "cope with the immense shock of loss of omnipotence"—as opposed to whatever "prematurely forces it out of its narcissistic
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power is to be great, it must therefore be over beings that have at least some of their own defenses and agenda. Thus, if a deity does not have absolute power, it must therefore embody some of the characteristics of power, and some of the characteristics of persuasion. This view is known as
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rejects unlimited omnipotence on a philosophical basis, arguing that omnipotence as classically understood would be less than perfect, and is therefore incompatible with the idea of a perfect deity. The idea is grounded in Plato's oft-overlooked statement that "being is power".
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have shown, the child lives in a sort of megalomania for a long period; he knows only one yardstick, and that is his own over-inflated ego ... megalomania, it must be understood, is normal in the very young child". Bergler was of the opinion that in later life "the activity of
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My notion would be, that anything which possesses any sort of power to affect another, or to be affected by another, if only for a single moment, however trifling the cause and however slight the effect, has real existence; and I hold that the definition of being is simply
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may say, that the knowledge or will of God, according as it is the effective principle, has the notion of power contained in it. Hence the consideration of the knowledge and will of God precedes the consideration of His power, as the cause precedes the operation and effect.
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can never be understood or known since Brahman is beyond both existence and non-existence, transcending and including time, causation and space, and thus can never be known in the same material sense as one traditionally "understands" a given concept or object.
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which he ascribed to his thoughts and feelings", Freud reckoned that "this belief is a frank acknowledgement of a relic of the old megalomania of infancy". Similarly Freud concluded that "we can detect an element of megalomania in most other forms of
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consider the matter aright, since power is said in reference to possible things, this phrase, 'God can do all things,' is rightly understood to mean that God can do all things that are possible; and for this reason He is said to be omnipotent." In
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argues that omnipotence dies a death of a thousand philosophical qualifications. To make any sense, the word must undergo various logical, ontological, mathematical, theological, and existential qualifications so that it loses specificity.
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His Omnipotence means power to do all that is intrinsically possible, not to do the intrinsically impossible. You may attribute miracles to him, but not nonsense. This is no limit to his power. If you choose to say 'God can give a creature
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Trying to develop a theory to explain, assign or reject omnipotence on grounds of logic has little merit, since being omnipotent, in a Cartesian sense, would mean the omnipotent being is above logic, a view supported by
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disorder. We are justified in assuming that this megalomania is essentially of an infantile nature and that, as development proceeds, it is sacrificed to social considerations". Freud saw megalomania as an obstacle to
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actually means "all-holding" rather than almighty or omnipotent. Oord offers an alternative view of divine power he calls "amipotence," which is the maximal power of God's uncontrolling love.
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the something acted upon is itself partly active, then there must be some resistance, however slight, to the "absolute" power, and how can power which is resisted be absolute?
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in the early 20th century and expanded upon by Charles Hartshorne. Hartshorne proceeded within the context of the theological system known as process theology.
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It is part of a deity's nature to be consistent and that it would be inconsistent for said deity to go against its own laws unless there was a reason to do so.
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The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas, Second and Revised Edition, 1920, translated by the Fathers of the English Dominican Province, at
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The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas, Second and Revised Edition, 1920, translated by the Fathers of the English Dominican Province, at
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The term omnipotent has been used to connote a number of different positions. These positions include, but are not limited to, the following:
1263: 573:, set about "rethinking megalomania... intent on transforming an obstacle... into a complex organization that linked object relations and 268: 617:
Some monotheists reject the view that a deity is or could be omnipotent, or take the view that, by choosing to create creatures with
1402: 107: 88: 70: 37: 1392: 788: 1329: 1147: 754: 733: 1372: 877: 478:, omnipotence is generally understood to be compatible with certain limitations or restrictions. A proposition that is 1203: 299: 243: 962: 921: 52: 233: 48: 278: 273: 630: 566: 218: 1073: 745: 714: 203: 622: 455:
A deity is able to do anything that is in accord with its own nature (thus, for instance, if it is a
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freely used the same term in a comparable way. Referring with respect to an adult neurotic to "the
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If a being has the power to resist its creator, then the creator does not have absolute power.
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Robert M. Lindner, "The Psychodynamics of Gambling", in Halliday/Fuller eds., p. 220.
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regarded "the narcissistic patient's "megalomania" as a part of normal development.
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and at the same time withhold free will from it,' you have not succeeded in saying
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C.S. Lewis. The Problem of Pain. (San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2001). p. 18.
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If a being has some active tendency, then it has some power to resist its creator.
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obstacle, but because nonsense remains nonsense even when we talk it about God.
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Edmund Bergler, "The Psychology of Gambling", in J. Halliday/P. Fuller eds.,
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This is a consistent theme of Polkinghorne's work, see e.g. Polkinghorne's
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of a deity's nature that what it speaks is truth, then it is not able to
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A deity is able to do anything that it chooses to do. (In this version,
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The adaptation of means to ends in the universe does not argue, as
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has adopted a scholastic position in the course of his work
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If a being exists, then it must have some active tendency.
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of childhood, reverting to the "fiction of omnipotence"".
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19:6 it is stated "the Lord God omnipotent reigneth" (
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in itself unconsciously activates the megalomania and
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that omnipotence can never be effectively understood.
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The most popular works espousing this point are from
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can do the impossible and something contradictory.)
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In the second half of the 20th century 71:Learn how and when to remove this message 740:, as well as several other versions, in 379:, omnipotence is often listed as one of 1398:Attributes of God in Christian theology 840: 687:The argument can be stated as follows: 569:, both in the States and among British 286: 195: 164: 128: 106: 1171:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 1164: 544:As a stage of normal child development 1102:. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 954:, 1a, Q. 25, A. 1, Ad 4; quoted from 641:or violations of the laws of nature. 7: 1378:Omnipotence and Free Will in Judaism 371:of their faith. In the monotheistic 1361:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 356:is the quality of having unlimited 1307:City of God and Christian Doctrine 399:debate, prominently including the 14: 1238:"Descartes' Ontological Argument" 89:Separation of Light from Darkness 18:Quality of having unlimited power 1266:from the original on 20 May 2014 960:, copyright 2008 by Kevin Knight 919:, copyright 2008 by Kevin Knight 509:in human power. The capacity to 25: 1260:"Logical Truth and Omnipotence" 1206:from the original on 2011-03-19 1041:(London 1974) p. 176 and p. 182 819:Criminals from a sense of guilt 789:Meditations on First Philosophy 427:-, meaning "all", and the word 383:'s characteristics, along with 423:derives from the Latin prefix 1: 1373:Logical Truth and Omnipotence 786:. He issues this idea in his 734:Authorized King James Version 760: 629:, and some movements within 883:. Freie Universität Berlin. 849:"Definition of Omnipotence" 51:the claims made and adding 1419: 1039:The Psychology of Gambling 749: 287:Emotions expressed by God 1403:Superlatives in religion 1285:brahmano hi pratisthaham 1074:"Infantile Omnipotence" 631:Protestant Christianity 613:Rejection or limitation 567:object relations theory 102:Part of a series on the 1393:Philosophy of religion 1202:. Strongsnumbers.com. 984:, incomplete citation. 715:Alfred North Whitehead 685: 666: 541: 498: 489: 165:Overarching attributes 96: 1258:Craig, William Lane. 1026:From Obstacle to Ally 672:argues further that: 645:Philosophical grounds 86: 1320:Charles Hartshorne, 1240:. Plato.stanford.edu 895:Science and Religion 373:religious philosophy 1323:Man's Vision of God 1315:The Problem of Pain 1063:(London 1994) p. 18 824:Omnipotence paradox 668:From this premise, 522:The Problem of Pain 491:Aquinas says that: 457:logical consequence 377:Abrahamic religions 234:Incomprehensibility 1100:plato.stanford.edu 1024:Judith M. Hughes, 965:2011-11-21 at the 924:2011-11-21 at the 863:Augustine of Hippo 728:Scriptural grounds 670:Charles Hartshorne 575:defence mechanisms 97: 36:possibly contains 1223:Thomas Jay Oord, 1185:Thomas Jay Oord, 1004:Case Histories II 814:Counterdependency 766:, "all-mighty"). 758: 351: 350: 114: 113: 108:Attributes of God 81: 80: 73: 38:original research 1410: 1347:Summa Theologica 1344:Thomas Aquinas, 1292: 1282: 1276: 1275: 1273: 1271: 1255: 1249: 1248: 1246: 1245: 1234: 1228: 1221: 1215: 1214: 1212: 1211: 1196: 1190: 1183: 1177: 1176: 1170: 1162: 1160: 1159: 1150:. Archived from 1144: 1138: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1118: 1112: 1111: 1109: 1107: 1096:"Process Theism" 1091: 1085: 1084: 1082: 1081: 1070: 1064: 1057: 1051: 1048: 1042: 1035: 1029: 1022: 1016: 1013: 1007: 1000: 994: 991: 985: 981:Summa Theologiae 978:Thomas Aquinas, 976: 970: 952:Summa Theologiae 950:Thomas Aquinas, 948: 942: 939:Summa Theologiae 935: 929: 911:Summa Theologiae 909:Thomas Aquinas, 907: 898: 891: 885: 884: 882: 874: 868: 859: 853: 852: 845: 797:Hindu philosophy 765: 753: 751: 683: 664: 650:Process theology 502:John Stuart Mill 480:necessarily true 343: 336: 329: 124: 111: 110: 99: 76: 69: 65: 62: 56: 53:inline citations 29: 28: 21: 1418: 1417: 1413: 1412: 1411: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1383: 1382: 1356: 1339:Against Praxeas 1301: 1299:Further reading 1296: 1295: 1283: 1279: 1269: 1267: 1257: 1256: 1252: 1243: 1241: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1222: 1218: 1209: 1207: 1198: 1197: 1193: 1184: 1180: 1163: 1157: 1155: 1148:"Archived copy" 1146: 1145: 1141: 1131: 1129: 1120: 1119: 1115: 1105: 1103: 1094:Viney, Donald. 1093: 1092: 1088: 1079: 1077: 1072: 1071: 1067: 1059:Adam Phillips, 1058: 1054: 1049: 1045: 1036: 1032: 1023: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1002:Sigmund Freud, 1001: 997: 992: 988: 977: 973: 967:Wayback Machine 949: 945: 936: 932: 926:Wayback Machine 908: 901: 892: 888: 880: 876: 875: 871: 860: 856: 847: 846: 842: 837: 810: 799:the essence of 779: 770:Thomas Jay Oord 730: 721:Thomas Jay Oord 684: 681: 665: 662: 647: 615: 606:D. 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Winnicott 546: 442: 437: 417: 401:problem of evil 393:omnibenevolence 347: 137:Omnibenevolence 129:Core attributes 112:in Christianity 109: 77: 66: 60: 57: 42: 30: 26: 19: 12: 11: 5: 1416: 1414: 1406: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1385: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1355: 1354:External links 1352: 1351: 1350: 1342: 1334: 1326: 1318: 1310: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1277: 1250: 1229: 1216: 1191: 1178: 1139: 1113: 1086: 1065: 1052: 1043: 1030: 1017: 1008: 1006:(PFL 9) p. 113 995: 986: 971: 943: 930: 899: 886: 869: 854: 839: 838: 836: 833: 832: 831: 826: 821: 816: 809: 806: 784:René Descartes 778: 775: 729: 726: 711:Harold Kushner 704:dipolar theism 699: 698: 695: 692: 682:Hartshorne, 89 679: 660: 646: 643: 627:Reform Judaism 614: 611: 581:Edmund Bergler 563:psychoanalysis 545: 542: 471:Thomas Aquinas 468: 467: 464: 453: 441: 438: 436: 433: 416: 413: 349: 348: 346: 345: 338: 331: 323: 320: 319: 318: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 289: 288: 284: 283: 282: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 239:Incorporeality 236: 231: 226: 221: 216: 211: 206: 198: 197: 193: 192: 191: 190: 185: 180: 175: 167: 166: 162: 161: 160: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 131: 130: 126: 125: 117: 116: 104: 103: 79: 78: 33: 31: 24: 17: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1415: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1388: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1325: 1324: 1319: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1309: 1308: 1303: 1302: 1298: 1290: 1289:Bhagavad Gita 1286: 1281: 1278: 1265: 1261: 1254: 1251: 1239: 1233: 1230: 1226: 1220: 1217: 1205: 1201: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1182: 1179: 1174: 1168: 1154:on 2005-12-30 1153: 1149: 1143: 1140: 1127: 1126:theopedia.com 1123: 1122:"Open Theism" 1117: 1114: 1101: 1097: 1090: 1087: 1075: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1061:On Flirtation 1056: 1053: 1047: 1044: 1040: 1034: 1031: 1028:(2004) p. 175 1027: 1021: 1018: 1015:Freud, p. 203 1012: 1009: 1005: 999: 996: 990: 987: 983: 982: 975: 972: 968: 964: 961: 959: 953: 947: 944: 940: 934: 931: 927: 923: 920: 918: 912: 906: 904: 900: 896: 890: 887: 879: 873: 870: 867: 864: 858: 855: 850: 844: 841: 834: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 811: 807: 805: 802: 798: 795:According to 793: 791: 790: 785: 776: 774: 771: 767: 764: 763: 756: 747: 746:Ancient Greek 743: 739: 735: 727: 725: 722: 718: 716: 712: 707: 705: 696: 693: 690: 689: 688: 678: 673: 671: 659: 654: 651: 644: 642: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 612: 610: 607: 603: 601: 597: 595: 591: 586: 582: 578: 576: 572: 568: 564: 559: 554: 550: 549:Sigmund Freud 543: 540: 537: 533: 526: 524: 523: 518: 514: 512: 508: 503: 497: 492: 488: 483: 481: 477: 476:Scholasticism 472: 465: 462: 458: 454: 451: 447: 446: 445: 440:Scholasticism 439: 434: 432: 430: 426: 422: 414: 412: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 363: 359: 355: 344: 339: 337: 332: 330: 325: 324: 322: 321: 316: 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 301: 298: 296: 293: 292: 291: 290: 285: 280: 277: 275: 274:Transcendence 272: 270: 267: 265: 262: 260: 259:Righteousness 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 240: 237: 235: 232: 230: 229:Impeccability 227: 225: 224:Impassibility 222: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 201: 200: 199: 196:Miscellaneous 194: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 170: 169: 168: 163: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 134: 133: 132: 127: 123: 119: 118: 115: 105: 101: 100: 95: 91: 90: 85: 75: 72: 64: 54: 50: 46: 40: 39: 34:This article 32: 23: 22: 16: 1360: 1346: 1338: 1336:Tertullian, 1330: 1322: 1314: 1312:C.S. 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Lewis 421:omnipotence 397:theological 385:omniscience 354:Omnipotence 269:Sovereignty 152:Omniscience 142:Omnipotence 1387:Categories 1244:2011-04-07 1210:2011-04-07 1158:2006-05-12 1080:2012-01-21 958:New Advent 917:New Advent 835:References 742:Revelation 405:philosophy 264:Simplicity 254:Providence 183:Perfection 45:improve it 1132:6 October 1106:6 October 755:romanized 619:free will 571:Kleinians 532:free will 419:The word 415:Etymology 365:religions 214:Immanence 61:June 2021 49:verifying 1264:Archived 1204:Archived 1167:cite web 963:Archived 922:Archived 829:Theodicy 808:See also 680:—  661:—  639:miracles 590:gambling 585:Ferenczi 558:paranoic 536:anything 435:Meanings 295:Jealousy 279:Veracity 244:Kingship 209:Holiness 157:Eternity 1331:Sophist 1328:Plato, 801:Brahman 757::  736:of the 732:In the 409:science 249:Mission 188:Trinity 178:Oneness 43:Please 1270:20 May 658:power. 507:defect 429:potens 391:, and 173:Aseity 1363:entry 1291:14.27 881:(PDF) 861:e.g. 738:Bible 369:deity 358:power 315:Wrath 305:Mercy 1272:2014 1173:link 1134:2022 1108:2022 625:and 425:omni 407:and 310:Will 300:Love 511:sin 461:lie 450:God 381:God 375:of 92:by 47:by 1389:: 1287:, 1262:. 1169:}} 1165:{{ 1124:. 1098:. 902:^ 752:, 748:: 706:. 463:). 387:, 360:. 1274:. 1247:. 1213:. 1175:) 1161:. 1136:. 1110:. 1083:. 969:. 928:. 897:. 851:. 342:e 335:t 328:v 74:) 68:( 63:) 59:( 41:.

Index

original research
improve it
verifying
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Separation of Light from Darkness
Michelangelo
Attributes of God
in Christianity


Omnibenevolence
Omnipotence
Omnipresence
Omniscience
Eternity
Aseity
Oneness
Perfection
Trinity
Graciousness
Holiness
Immanence
Immutability
Impassibility
Impeccability
Incomprehensibility
Incorporeality
Kingship
Mission
Providence

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