29:
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could be freely opened and closed by anyone who wished to. Widespread during the Goryeo period, these flourished during Joseon times and were the dynasty's most common educational institution. It has been estimated that 16,000 existed at the end of the Joseon period.
367:. This was part of a dramatic expansion of private education in this period; from 1883 to 1908, some 5,000 private schools were established in Korea. Beginning in 1918, regulations on private education became much more stringent and repressive; the number of
645:
151:
They were primarily occupied with providing initial training in the
Chinese classics to boys of 7 to 16 years of age, but often served students into their twenties. Not regulated in any fashion,
326:
changed in the course of the Joseon period. While early in the dynasty they were purely private academies, they increasingly became village institutions. New social institutions such as the
306:. The teaching method emphasized rote learning by reading and memorizing an assigned passage each day; after reading the passage more than 100 times over, students would recite it to the
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Today, seodang still operate as private academies under the name of
Seodang. Their purpose is to teach Chinese character skills from beginner to intermediate and advanced levels.
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Park Eui-soo (박의수), Kang Seung-kyu (강승규), Jeong Yeong-su (정영수), Kang Seon-bo (강선보) (2002).
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cooperatives, which emerged in the 19th century, often centered on the village
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established by a wealthy member of the community, who hires the
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Lee, Ki-baik (tr. by E.W. Wagner & E.J. Shultz) (1984).
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that did survive became low-level technical academies, or
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Self-introduction by an operating seodang in
Yangpyeong
363:), and eventually accredited as primary schools during
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651:Korean Seodang Educational Association (in Korean)
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270:established by an organization of wealthy locals.
179:were divided into various kinds depending on the
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298:The course of study typically began with the
185:'s motivation and relation to the community:
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513:. Archived from the original on 2011-07-14
294:established by an entire village together.
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131:) were private village schools providing
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351:were modernized and known as "improved
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457:. National Folk Museum. Archived from
33:The picture titled "Seodang" drawn by
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449:
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7:
676:Schools in Korea under Japanese rule
14:
579:A New History of Korea (rev. ed.)
216:, as a hobby or to make a living.
161:The teacher or headmaster of the
16:Private village schools in Korea
402:Education in the Joseon Dynasty
551:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
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373:dropped sharply. Many of the
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345:In the 20th century, many
300:Thousand Character Classic
441:Park et al. (2002), p. 72
37:in the late 18th century.
26:
21:
190:Hunjang jayeong seodang
220:Yuji dogyeong seodang
602:. Seoul: Dongmunsa.
143:dynasties of Korea.
133:elementary education
86:Revised Romanization
671:Education in Joseon
638:Empas entry on the
583:. Seoul: Ilchokak.
487:Lee (1984), p. 368.
407:Korean Confucianism
336:, as did the older
210:established by the
511:Empas encyclopedia
320:The nature of the
250:Yuji johap seodang
526:cite encyclopedia
316:Historical change
274:Chonjohap seodang
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100:McCune–Reischauer
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640:gaeryang seodang
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546:"서당(書堂) Seodang"
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554:(in Korean)
135:during the
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43:Korean name
660:Categories
569:References
558:2024-01-24
517:2018-04-11
465:2006-04-12
381:ganihakgyo
147:Background
35:Gim Hongdo
618:cite book
455:"Seodang"
396:See also
339:hyangyak
376:seodang
370:seodang
354:seodang
348:seodang
333:seodang
323:seodang
309:hunjang
291:Seodang
267:Seodang
243:hunjang
237:Seodang
213:hunjang
207:Seodang
182:hunjang
176:seodang
170:hunjang
164:seodang
154:seodang
117:Seodang
92:Seodang
22:Seodang
666:Goryeo
606:
587:
507:"개량서당"
282:;
261:有志組合書堂
258:;
255:유지조합서당
231:有志獨營書堂
228:;
225:유지독영서당
201:訓長自營書堂
198:;
195:훈장자영서당
173:. The
141:Joseon
137:Goryeo
123:Korean
106:Sŏdang
49:Hangul
418:Notes
360:개량 서당
285:村組合書堂
279:촌조합서당
65:Hanja
624:link
604:ISBN
585:ISBN
532:link
386:간이학교
139:and
389:).
357:" (
328:gye
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264:):
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662::
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128:서당
56:서당
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76:堂
73:書
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