161:
Shoplifters group, comprising roughly 80 members, to the Kanto Women
Delinquent Alliance, rumored to have had around 20,000 members. Criminal activities and violence of the girl gangs in Japan reached such a high that sketches used to identify them in Japanese police pamphlets in the 1980s described aspects of their fashion as "omens of downfall".
399:
What is unusual is that in the yakuza, women have no authority and there are almost no female members. That the female gangs even existed is an oddity in Japan's generally sexist male-dominated deviant culture... the world was about feminism and liberation, and perhaps they felt like women have the
160:
girl gangs began to rise in number. Gangs were initially small groups of girls sneaking cigarettes in school bathrooms, but eventually grew in numbers, as did their level of criminality. These gangs were commonly associated by violence and shop-lifting. Gangs ranged in size from Tokyo's United
216:
often cut their shirts to expose their midriffs. Converse sneakers were also another addition, and their clothes often had handmade modifications, including badges and buttons. They wore very little make-up and sported thin eyebrows. Adding to these features,
247:
girls followed strict rules and codes of conduct within their gangs. Each gang possessed a hierarchy as well as their own means of punishment; cigarette burns were considered a minor punishment for stealing a boyfriend or disrespecting a senior member.
254:
were reported to engage in activities such as stimulant use, shoplifting, theft, and violence, but if arrested, could be charged with the lesser offence of "pre-delinquency". Stimulants use often included sniffing paint thinner or glue.
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have been interpreted as a rebellion against traditional gender norms, sexism, and the objectification of women, while, more specifically, the length of their skirts has been read as a reaction to the
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were formed as a direct result of male gangs' refusal to accept female members, consequently the term has come to refer to the massive movement that brought
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601:(paperback) (First mass market edition, 1991 ed.). 17-14 Otowa 1-chrome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112: Kodansha International Ltd. pp. 51–52.
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usually wore surgical masks, and often carried with them razor blades, bamboo swords and chains, which could be concealed under their skirts.
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by wearing coloured socks, rolling up their sleeves and lengthening their skirt, which were sometimes decorated with gang-affiliated symbols,
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refers to either the leader of a girl gang or the entire gang itself, and is not used to refer to any one member of a girl gang.
454:
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Ashcraft, Brian with Ueda Shoko. (2010). "Japanese
Schoolgirl Confidential: How teenage girls made a nation cool". Kodansha.
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right to be just as stupid, promiscuous, risk-seeking, adrenaline junkies and violent as their male counterparts.
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369:, as well as former beauty queen Reiko Oshida. On December 6, 2005, Panik House company released a four-disc
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reportedly first appeared in Japan during the 1960s, presenting themselves as the female equivalent to the
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210:, which had become popular in the 1960s during the sexual revolution. Though their skirts were long,
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386:. These films challenged traditional constructions of gender and female sexuality in postwar Japan.
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was originally used by delinquents, but has been used by the general population to describe the
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802:"Sukeban: 20 Amazing Photographs Capture Badass Girl Gangs in Japan From the 1970s and 1980s"
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Cherry, Kittredge (1987). "Christmas Cake
Sweepstakes: Girlhood to Wedding".
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and/or slogans. The long skirts were a rejection of the popularity of the
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Beyond Polite
Japanese: A Dictionary of Japanese Slang and Colloquialisms
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854:"Pinky Violence: Shock, awe and the exploitation of sexual liberation"
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gangs, which were composed mostly of men. During the 1970s, as
672:"How Vicious Schoolgirl Gangs Sparked a Media Frenzy in Japan"
373:
902:
Weisser, Yuko Mihara. (2001). "Japanese
Fighting Divas 101".
697:"The True Story Of Sukeban: Violent Girl Gangs Of '70s Japan"
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Japanese crime writer Jake
Adelstein said with regards to
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642:"1970's Sukeban Subculture: Japanese Delinquent Gangs"
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Japanese term meaning "girl boss" or "delinquent girl"
776:"Sukeban - The Forgotten Story of Japans Girl Gangs"
478:"Sukeban - The Forgotten Story of Japans Girl Gangs"
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955:
46:
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724:"Remembering Japan's badass 70s schoolgirl gangs"
530:"Remembering Japan's badass 70s schoolgirl gangs"
599:Womansword: What Japanese Words Say about Women
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130:to public attention at a time when men of the
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50:Seinen manga, Pinky Violence films, all-girl
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750:"SUKEBAN: Japan's 70s Delinquent Girl Gangs"
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504:"SUKEBAN: Japan's 70s Delinquent Girl Gangs"
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357:characters. Both series featured prominent
101:in Japanese culture. The usage of the word
1064:Female stock characters in anime and manga
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774:Schmidt-Rees, Hannah (16 February 2019).
476:Schmidt-Rees, Hannah (16 February 2019).
345:) series. He also started the four-film
93:, and the female equivalent to the male
722:Healy, Claire Marie (5 November 2015).
528:Healy, Claire Marie (5 November 2015).
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335:made the first films in the seven-film
800:Everyday, Vintage (October 18, 2018).
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238:Codes of Conduct and similar attitudes
858:Journal of Japanese and Korean Cinema
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748:Gravili, Mattia (27 December 2023).
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502:Gravili, Mattia (27 December 2023).
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283:characters could also be seen in
852:Kozma, Alicia (1 January 2012).
1084:Juvenile delinquency in fiction
826:Yuri Manga: Sukeban Deka Review
670:Webb, Beth (16 February 2016).
170:Appearance and other signifiers
1:
384:The Pinky Violence Collection
351:series (1971–1972) featuring
348:Terrifying Girls' High School
269:became popular characters in
259:Media and cultural influence
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319:series that had a mostly
302:Tales of Yajikita College
174:The common signifiers of
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621:: CS1 maint: location (
263:In the 1970s and 1980s,
154:gangs began to die out,
906:#31, 2nd Quarter 2001.
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1079:Slang terms for women
870:10.1386/jjkc.3.1.37_1
574:, 2001, pages 26–27.
376:collection surveying
1074:Japanese subcultures
950:Japanese subcultures
832:, Erica Friedman of
806:vintagenewsdaily.com
291:manga publications.
198:also modified their
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313:were three popular
309:Hana no Asuka-gumi!
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1031:Cultural phenomena
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915:978-4-7700-3115-0
904:Asian Cult Cinema
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232:sexual revolution
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295:Sukeban Deka
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120:since 1972.
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29:Years active
22:
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956:Subcultures
453: [
440: [
428: [
32:1960s–1970s
1058:Categories
1043:Visual kei
1038:Gyaru-moji
983:Genderless
811:1 December
707:1 December
681:1 December
652:1 December
463:References
450:Color Gang
361:actresses
118:subculture
86:delinquent
47:Influenced
886:147655347
878:1756-4905
617:cite book
363:Reiko Ike
337:Girl Boss
331:director
329:Pink film
208:miniskirt
110:The word
1012:Omorashi
963:Bōsōzoku
837:Archived
785:11 April
759:11 April
733:11 April
676:vice.com
539:11 April
513:11 April
487:11 April
420:Bōsōzoku
405:See also
371:region-1
180:include
128:feminism
78:Japanese
52:Bōsōzoku
1022:Sukeban
978:Ganguro
968:Cosplay
834:Yuricon
780:Perspex
754:Yokogao
508:Yokogao
482:Perspex
446:(Chīmā)
392:sukeban
379:Sukeban
354:sukeban
342:Sukeban
325:cast.
322:sukeban
280:Sukeban
277:manga.
266:sukeban
251:Sukeban
244:Sukeban
228:sukeban
220:sukeban
213:sukeban
195:sukeban
177:sukeban
157:sukeban
139:Sukeban
123:Sukeban
113:sukeban
104:sukeban
71:スケバン/助番
63:Sukeban
37:Country
23:Sukeban
1007:Lolita
997:Kawaii
992:gyaruo
913:
884:
876:
605:
578:
437:Teamer
273:seinen
190:blonde
186:permed
151:banchō
145:banchō
132:yakuza
97:banchō
1017:Otaku
1002:Kogal
988:Gyaru
882:S2CID
830:Okazu
728:Dazed
534:Dazed
457:]
444:]
432:]
425:Yankī
316:shōjo
287:shōjō
204:kanji
76:is a
54:gangs
41:Japan
911:ISBN
874:ISSN
813:2021
787:2024
761:2024
735:2024
709:2021
683:2021
654:2021
623:link
603:ISBN
576:ISBN
541:2024
515:2024
489:2024
365:and
305:and
88:girl
866:doi
374:DVD
184:or
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