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in London that Bravo had been found by a farm worker who had travelled into the interior in search of cattle. He met with a young woman whom he identified by the description she gave of herself and her parents. The piece concludes, "It is to be hoped that the long lost child will shortly be restored
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The supposed effect of alcohol on the indigenous people is described in graphic terms: "… Indians cannot resist it, and drink it till they get mad or helpless". Their transformation from civil welcome to diabolical murderers is presented as evidence of their uncivilised primitive barbarity,
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However, there were various reports that Elisa Bravo may have been taken captive by the indigenous people and was still alive, living as wife to the cacique, in what is described as the most brutal forced coexistence resulting in children of
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Troops were sent from
Valdivia to rescue her, but could not even find her body; an indigenous person told them that she was buried on the beach with her young child and her servant, with just three stones to mark the place.
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Elisa Bravo, by contrast, presents a figure of heroic virtue, the stereotype of the virtuous woman resisting, albeit unsuccessfully, the depraved savages who immolate her companions and violate her, producing a family of
396:; María José Álvarez Faedo; Tomás A. Mantecón Movellán; Rosario Márquez Macías; María Losada Friend; Clara Zamora Meca; Verónica Undurraga Schüler; Yéssica González Gómez; María José de la Pascua Sánchez (2016).
124:, which the indigenous people proceeded to consume, after which they decided to murder the Chileans of Spanish descent by the cruellest methods. Many versions of the story conclude that no-one from the
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Several aspects of the story served to reinforce prejudices of the time, and were useful in justifying policies of colonisation and the evangelisation and subjugation of indigenous peoples.
392:
María Luisa Candau Chacón; Mónica
Bolufer Peruga; Alonso Manuel Macías Domínguez; Manuel José de Lara Ródenas; Sara López Villarán; Antonio José Couso Liañez; Marta Ruiz Sastre;
109:. Several passengers were on board, including trader Don Ramon Bañados, his wife Doña Elisa Bravo and a baby a few months old. The ship capsized on the coast near the
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According to one version of the events, a short distance inland, the survivors found an indigenous settlement and, despite their trepidation, were welcomed by the
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120:(chief) and promised protection. They responded by salvaging whatever they could from the ship as a gift for him. Unfortunately, the gift included a cask of
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have however challenged the notion that there were no survivors. As of 2010 there was no consensus among historians on what really happened.
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Muñoz
Sougarret, Jorge (2010). "El naufragio del bergantín Joven Daniel, 1849. El indígena en el imaginario histórico de Chile".
84:, the daughter of Miguel Bravo Aldunate and Carmen Jaramillo Jaramillo. She married Juan Bañados Berendique on 12 October 1846.
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La sociedad en Chile austral antes de la colonización alemana : Valdivia, Osorno, Río Bueno, La Unión: 1645–1850
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Another report dating from 1863 said that her captors, fearing vengeance from
Spaniards, sold her to the
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203:(mongrels). This aspect of the story inspired Monvoisin in his two paintings of her.
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69:; her supposed plight caused a stir and was even the subject of two paintings by
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to her parents." However, there is no subsequent report of any such reunion.
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and was completely wrecked; none or only a few passengers and crew survived.
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Chile in 1849. She was rumoured to have survived and held captive by local
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132:, José Antonio Zúñiga, concur. 20th and 21st-century historians such as
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19th-century female rumoured to have been captured by indigenous
Mapuche
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342:"Chili: sketches of Chili and the Chilians during the war 1879–1880"
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Traveller
Guillermo Cox is said to have seen Elisa Bravo in 1863.
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Las mujeres y las emociones en Europa y América. Siglos XVII–XIX
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Vida fronteriza en la
Araucanía: el mito de la Guerra de Arauco
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for a hundred mares, but that she had died after three years.
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226:. Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile. p. 454.
427:. No. 21383. London. 23 March 1853. p. 5.
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273:. Andres Bello. pp. 144–. GGKEY:X4PCJZCLT60.
402:. Ed. Universidad de Cantabria. pp. 420–.
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101:was sailing on the Pacific coast of Chile from
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51:(also spelt Eliza) was a passenger on
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92:In the winter of 1849, the Chilean
185:Social background and implications
144:Stories of the fate of Elisa Bravo
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193:embodying the wild idea of evil.
49:Elisa Bravo Jaramillo de Bañados
304:. Andres Bello. pp. 203–.
128:survived. The findings of the
1:
344:. London: Wm H Allen & Co
270:Memorias Y Otras Confidencias
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501:19th-century Chilean women
374:(in Spanish) (1): 133–148.
25:Naufragio del Joven Daniel
267:Mariano Latorre (1971).
220:Guarda, Gabriel (2006).
23:Elisa Bravo depicted on
340:R. Nelson Boyd (1881).
130:commissioner of nations
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423:"The Pacific". News.
39:Elisa Bravo Jaramillo
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486:People from Valdivia
476:Captivity narratives
444:Viaje a la Patagonia
296:Sergio Villalobos R.
491:Shipwreck survivors
439:Sir Woodbine Parish
394:Ofelia Rey Castelao
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409:978-84-8102-770-9
311:978-956-13-1363-7
71:Raymond Monvoisin
43:Raymond Monvoisin
29:Raymond Monvoisin
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126:Joven Daniel
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151:mixed blood
138:José Bengoa
470:Categories
233:9561408678
207:References
103:Valparaíso
425:The Times
242:128386928
175:Calfucurá
163:The Times
59:Araucanía
441:(1863).
298:(1995).
200:mestizos
179:Puelmapu
107:Valdivia
78:Valdivia
67:Mapuches
247:26 June
118:cacique
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448:(PDF)
82:Chile
456:2016
404:ISBN
350:2016
306:ISBN
249:2019
238:OCLC
228:ISBN
136:and
94:brig
177:in
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122:rum
105:to
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