33:
324:
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Baltimore to New
Orleans between April 3, 1851, and December 2, 1852. Publicity, convenience and safety were winning features." In 1853, Donovan was part of a committee advocating for a rail line down Camden to connect with B&O Railroad line. Down south, in 1857, his sometime trading partner J. M. Wilson was advertising "Maryland and Virginia negroes" available at his establishment near the corner of Chartres and Moreau in New Orleans. Donovan moved to his final trading location, at Eutaw and Camden, in 1858. Thirty years later, a former slave trader named
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172:
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235:"A week ago last Monday morning I took the cars at Baltimore for Washington. While standing on the platform where passengers step into the ears, Rev. John F. Cook of this City, came up and entered into conversation with me. he had been to Baltimore to preach the day before. While talking we advanced a few steps, which brought us opposite the
239:, in which were seated a clerk or runner from Donovan's slave-pen, with five slaves, a young man and woman, the exact picture of despondency and desolation, and three children, who seemed satisfied with the novelty of the scene about them. These slaves were on their way to Alexandria, to be sent thence overland, by
432:
Donovan had four trading sites in
Baltimore over the course of his career, most or all of which seemingly had associated prison facilities where people were stored until they could be shipped south. Donovan also offered "boarding" where enslaved people could be held while their legal owners traveled,
405:
by four men who entered his home in
Lancaster, Pennsylvania in the middle of the night. In April 1860, a U.S. Circuit Court was to hear Donovan's suit against a man named James G. Noel "to recover from the defendant the amount paid to him for a negro woman warranted to be in sound health". The result
179:
As a landed, literate, adult white male, Donovan was permitted to participate in
American democratic processes of that time and was briefly involved in local politics: In 1840, Donovan was a member to the First Branch City Council of Baltimore, elected from the eighth ward. In 1844 he placed a "cash
419:
reported his death as follows: "Deceased. Joseph S. Donovan, Esq., a well-known slave-dealer, and extensively known throughout the South, died yesterday morning, after a short illness, at his residence, southwest corner of Eutaw and Camden sts." The following day the same paper published another
360:
station and were close to the steamboat landings; and, later, that he had built a secure jail where he would 'receive negroes for safe-keeping, at the southwest corner of Eutaw and Camden streets, opposite' the west side of that station. Extant manifests tell of his shipments of 144 slaves from
270:, a man who lived in New Orleans requested that several enslaved people he owned who lived in D.C. be shipped down to him. The slave trader sent to collect these people for shipment was Joseph S. Donovan, and the people were the wife, daughters and grandchildren of a White House coachman named
215:
and another trader called Hill. In 1849, a farmer named
William Henry Warfield sold two recaptured runaway slaves named Big Sam and Little Sam to Donovan for $ 850 with a caveat that Warfield could change his mind within five days; Warfield and the Sams worked out a limited-term
1357:
Email from Green Mount
Cemetery staff, 2023-10-30: Re: New Form Entry #149 for Genealogy Request "Hello- We do have Joseph and Caroline here, Joseph was interred on 15 Apr 1861, and Caroline on 7 Mar 1890. They are located in the Summit Vaults Area, Lot 6. Thanks for your
580:, and Col. Albert Ritchie. The Donovans had no children so the fortune was divided between nieces and nephews, along with a number of charitable bequests. Among the gifts was major donation to Johns Hopkins University, resulting in the Caroline Donovan
307:
scholar Pamela Scott found a receipt from
Donovan for Williams, dated August 13, 1850, in the amount of $ 1,850, for Williams' wife Dolly, daughter Maria, daughter Susan Johnson, and Susan's three children, who were between three and six years
278:
reportedly paid for
Williams to visit Donovan's slave jail before they were shipped south. Upon arriving at Baltimore, Williams was informed he could buy back his family for $ 3,200. Funds were apparently raised from the likes of Fillmore,
365:
recalled to a newspaper reporter that several enslaved men he had once stored in a slave jail at that location had escaped, probably with the help of abolitionists, which cost him, personally, a great deal of money.
32:
1126:(Original publisher: J. H. Fürst Co., Baltimore). Southern Classics Series. Introduction by Michael Tadman (Reprint ed.). Columbia, S.C.: University of South Carolina Press. pp. 121–122.
184:. He also placed a runaway slave ad seeking the return of 32-year-old Sarah Green, who had recently been purchased near Annapolis and whose mother, Hanna Green, lived on Strawberry Alley near
154:, have been described as one of the "tycoons of the slave trade" in the Upper South, "responsible for the forced departures of approximately 9000 captives from Baltimore to New Orleans."
420:
notice: "His male friends are respectfully invited to attend his funeral, on this (Tuesday) afternoon, at three o'clock, from his late residence." Donovan was buried in
Baltimore's
162:
Records of
Donovan's early life are spare but based on census and death records he was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1800. It is possible he started out as what was called a
343:, a self-emancipated man who had been living free in New York City. Upon his forced return to Maryland, Hamlet was promptly sold to Donovan and deposited in his slave jail.
598:
134:
where they would be used, for the most part, on cotton and sugar plantations. As one Baltimore historical researcher and tour guide summarized, "the change from raising
1803:
402:
613:
1444:
401: (equivalent to $ 7,460,444 in 2023) in personal property. In March 1860, Donovan assisted in the return of a free man named John Brown who had been
45:
in October 1850; the ship's owner charged Donovan $ 12 to send enslaved people over 12, $ 6 each for children under 12 years old, "infants no charge" (
608:
1808:
236:
1813:
792:
History of Baltimore City and County, from the Earliest Period to the Present Day: Including Biographical Sketches of Their Representative Men
1643:
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356:, "Joseph S. Donovan, who appealed to slaveholders for 500 negroes, put special stress on the facts that his office and yard adjoined the
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to wheat in the region caused a surplus of labor, whereas the South needed more labor due to the invention of the
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were shipped to New Orleans; the manifest listed Donovan as the shipper although they were legally titled to
1534:
288:
185:
262:, Joseph S. Donovan reported that his occupation was trading, and that the real estate he owned was worth
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1659:
1567:"Site of Donovan Camden & Light St. Slave Jail - Site where the business of slavery once took place"
1175:
548:
374:
204:
1665:
A key to Uncle Tom's cabin: presenting the original facts and documents upon which the story is founded
1333:
1197:"(still image) Advertisement from J.M. Wilson for sale of Maryland and Virginia Negroes, (1857 - 1997)"
1163:
240:
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advertised that they were trading at 11 Camden, which had previously been occupied by J.S. Donovan.
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38:
1635:
American Scenes and Christian Slavery: A Recent Tour of Four Thousand Miles in the United States
393:
At the time of the 1860 census, Donovan's occupation was said to be slave trader and he owned
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Baltimore Heritage - Preserving and promoting Baltimore's historic buildings and neighborhoods
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1592:"Site of Donovan Eutaw St. Slave Jail - Site where the business of slavery once took place"
1421:"Site of Donovan Eutaw St. Slave Jail - Site where the business of slavery once took place"
809:
Journal of Proceedings of the First Branch City Council of Baltimore at the Sessions of ...
1685:
1485:"Site of Donovan Light St Slave Jail - Site where the business of slavery once took place"
766:"Site of Donovan Light St Slave Jail - Site where the business of slavery once took place"
474:
181:
151:
143:
1535:"Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, December 05, 1854, Image 4"
1510:"Site of Woolfolk/Donovan Slave Pen - Site where the business of slavery once took place"
506:
175:
Donovan was briefly involved in local politics; Eighth Ward Democratic nominations, 1840
1591:
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1509:
1484:
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1218:"The Last of His Kind: Talk with an Old Slave-Seller Who Lags Superfluous on the Stage"
765:
746:
725:
524:
489:
311:
284:
280:
916:"The Interregional Slave Trade and the Selection of Slaves for the New Orleans Market"
1787:
203:
According to historian Jonathan Pritchett, between 1845 and 1847, Donovan made eight
164:
1063:
Trouble in Lafayette Square: Assassination, Protest & Murder at the White House
499:
466:
180:
for Negroes" add in the newspaper and described his premises as the former jail of
127:
700:
685:"Trouble the water: The Baltimore to New Orleans coastwise slave trade, 1820–1860"
413:
Donovan died in early 1861, just as the American Civil War was getting underway.
983:
Gleanings of Freedom: Free and Slave Labor along the Mason-Dixon Line, 1790-1860
634:
560:
When Donovan's widow died in 1890, the value of her estate was estimated to be
1309:
1149:
806:
Baltimore (Md.) City Council First Branch; BALTIMORE MD--CITY COUNCIL (1841).
577:
565:
139:
131:
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1164:"Ordinances and resolutions of the mayor and City Council of Baltimore. 1853"
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agreement, and Warfield took them back from Donovan. An enslaved man died of
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407:
217:
115:
875:
Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of Appeals of Maryland
231:
offers a glimpse of Donovan's trading practices and network at that time:
119:
221:
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168:, as he is known to have operated a tavern called Vauxhall Garden.
872:
Maryland Court of Appeals; Gill, Richard W.; Miller, Oliver (1852).
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1199:. The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations
931:
368:
322:
310:
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also worked as a trading agent for Joseph S. Donovan in 1847.
266: (equivalent to $ 292,992 in 2023) In 1850, following the
274:. Williams was understandably distraught, and U.S. President
397: (equivalent to $ 4,408,444 in 2023) in real estate and
207:
shipments to New Orleans, totaling 395 people. In 1848, the
1533:
Humanities, National Endowment for the (December 5, 1854).
660:"Volunteer Spotlight: Richard Messick - Baltimore Heritage"
568:
at Caroline Donovan's funeral included Mayor of Baltimore
1765:
Forgotten history of Ellicott City & Howard County MD
243:, to the far Southern market."—"Slavery in the District"
110:(April 20, 1800 – April 15, 1861) was an
726:"Entry for Joseph S Donovan and Caroline Donovan, 1850"
1761:"Rebecca Garrett 'freed', then retaken 20 years later"
37:
Joseph S. Donovan shipped 93 people from Baltimore to
437:
Joseph S. Donovan business addresses and slave jails
1090:
Maryland Freedom Seekers on the Underground Railroad
747:"Entry for James Donovan and Caroline Donovan, 1860"
523:
Like many of the major traders in key cities of the
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was Donovan's "agent for the purchase of Negroes in
531:literature. His advertisements received comment in
384:
showing people shipped by Joseph S. Donovan in 1849
97:
89:
73:
54:
23:
1248:. American Anti-slavery Society. pp. 131–133.
1195:Digital Collections, The New York Public Library.
599:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
126:, building shipments of enslaved people from the
1778:In Light of History: Baltimore slave trade (PDF)
268:abolition of the slave trade in Washington, D.C.
956:The Pearl: A Failed Slave Escape on the Potomac
564: (equivalent to $ 67,822,222 in 2023). The
233:
986:. University of Illinois Press. p. 116.
959:. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 121.
8:
1445:"Seeing the Unseen: Baltimore's slave trade"
616: – Multipurpose structure, ~1815–~1902
488:Donovan advertised the site's proximity to
31:
20:
609:History of African Americans in Baltimore
122:. Donovan was a major participant in the
1759:Reber, Patricia Bixler (June 19, 2017).
953:Pacheco, Josephine F. (March 15, 2010).
614:Merchants' Exchange Building (Baltimore)
435:
1537:– via chroniclingamerica.loc.gov.
1451:. Photographs by Amy Davis. May 4, 2022
1310:"The Baltimore Sun 16 Apr 1861, page 1"
650:
626:
1461:
1374:Bedford County Press and Everett Press
1245:The Fugitive Slave Law and Its Victims
914:Pritchett, Jonathan B. (Summer 1997).
878:. Geo. Johnston, Printer. p. 372.
1725:
1723:
1112:
1110:
1030:
1028:
683:Williams, Jennie K. (April 2, 2020).
544:American Scenes and Christian Slavery
7:
1615:Bowditch, William Ingersoll (1849).
1548:Bowditch, William Ingersoll (1849).
920:Journal of Interdisciplinary History
741:
739:
720:
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424:in the Summit Vaults area, lot six.
1804:19th-century American slave traders
849:"In Light of History – Paul Rucker"
47:University of Maine Digital Commons
1368:Worth, Perk (September 10, 1878).
658:Ricks, Molly (December 17, 2019).
305:White House Historical Association
14:
1668:. Boston: J. P. Jewett & Co.
475:Austin Woolfolk § Slave jail
16:American slave trader (1800–1861)
1087:Masur, Jenny (January 9, 2023).
1809:History of slavery in Maryland
1123:Slave Trading in the Old South
604:History of slavery in Maryland
594:List of American slave traders
527:, Donovan was widely noted in
353:Slave-Trading in the Old South
224:in Donovan's pen in May 1849.
188:. In summer 1845, a man named
1:
1814:Businesspeople from Baltimore
1401:. January 17, 1860. p. 4
701:10.1080/0144039X.2019.1660509
114:known for his slave jails in
1618:Slavery and the Constitution
1551:Slavery and the Constitution
789:Scharf, John Thomas (1881).
538:Slavery and the Constitution
142:". Donovan, in company with
1737:. March 14, 1890. p. 3
1709:. March 13, 1890. p. 3
1340:. April 16, 1861. p. 2
1291:. April 21, 1860. p. 1
1266:. April 18, 1860. p. 1
830:. April 11, 1844. p. 4
795:. L.H. Everts. p. 189.
584:in the English department.
130:and delivering them to the
1835:
1596:Explore Baltimore Heritage
1571:Explore Baltimore Heritage
1514:Explore Baltimore Heritage
1489:Explore Baltimore Heritage
1425:Explore Baltimore Heritage
1224:. May 24, 1884. p. 12
1008:"The Cholera in Baltimore"
896:. July 31, 1848. p. 3
890:"The Slave Abduction Case"
770:Explore Baltimore Heritage
751:United States Census, 1860
730:United States Census, 1850
572:, chemistry professor and
554:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin
494:
480:
472:
461:
451:
335:In 1851, the newly passed
101:Slave trader, slave jailor
1704:"Under the provisions..."
1632:Davies, Ebenezer (2007).
1042:. July 6, 1849. p. 1
1036:"Slavery in the District"
1014:. June 1, 1849. p. 2
315:"Notice to Slaveholders"
124:interregional slave trade
84:Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
68:Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
30:
1222:St. Louis Globe-Democrat
853:www.inlightofhistory.com
753:– via FamilySearch
732:– via FamilySearch
574:Johns Hopkins University
373:Partial manifest of the
1731:"Mrs. Caroline Donovan"
1176:2027/coo.31924070558733
689:Slavery & Abolition
1773:filing against Donovan
1660:Stowe, Harriet Beecher
1468:: CS1 maint: others (
1093:. Arcadia Publishing.
1066:. Arcadia Publishing.
456:Light & Montgomery
403:kidnapped into slavery
385:
339:was used to recapture
332:
320:
251:
186:Caroline Meeting House
176:
41:in New Orleans on the
894:New York Daily Herald
549:Harriet Beecher Stowe
529:American abolitionist
485:13 Camden, near Light
473:Further information:
406:seems to have been a
372:
326:
314:
227:A 1849 report in the
196:." Another man named
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112:American slave trader
1707:The Valley Virginian
1590:Messick, Richard F.
1565:Messick, Richard F.
1508:Messick, Richard F.
1483:Messick, Richard F.
1419:Messick, Richard F.
1285:"U.S. Circuit Court"
1260:"U.S. Circuit Court"
1242:May, Samuel (1861).
980:Grivno, Max (2011).
764:Messick, Richard F.
422:Green Mount Cemetery
1819:Burials in Maryland
1735:Staunton Vindicator
1638:. Applewood Books.
1060:Klein, Gil (2018).
533:William I. Bowditch
438:
331:, November 25, 1847
319:, November 30, 1844
293:Georgiana Patterson
258:At the time of the
148:Bernard M. Campbell
1395:"cash for negroes"
1289:The Daily Exchange
1118:Bancroft, Frederic
1040:Anti-Slavery Bugle
824:"Cash for Negroes"
436:
386:
358:Baltimore and Ohio
337:Fugitive Slave Act
333:
321:
246:Anti-Slavery Bugle
177:
1769:- case involving
1645:978-1-4290-0266-0
1399:The Baltimore Sun
1338:The Baltimore Sun
1264:The Baltimore Sun
1133:978-1-64336-427-8
1100:978-1-4396-7677-6
1073:978-1-4396-6429-2
993:978-0-252-09356-2
966:978-0-8078-8892-6
828:The Baltimore Sun
525:Chesapeake region
516:
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416:The Baltimore Sun
348:Frederic Bancroft
329:The Baltimore Sun
317:The Baltimore Sun
209:Edmondson sisters
108:Joseph S. Donovan
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205:coastwise slave
190:Airheart Winter
182:Austin Woolfolk
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144:Austin Woolfolk
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198:Lucius Winters
194:Carroll County
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81:(aged 59)
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562:US$ 2,000,000
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93:J. S. Donovan
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547:(1849), and
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508:Babe's Dream
507:
502:& Camden
431:
414:
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345:
341:James Hamlet
334:
328:
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244:
237:Jim Crow car
234:
228:
226:
213:Joseph Bruin
202:
178:
163:
161:
107:
106:
79:(1860-04-15)
42:
39:J. M. Wilson
18:
1799:1861 deaths
1794:1800 births
1376:. p. 4
635:J.M. Wilson
566:pallbearers
453:~1840–~1842
428:Slave jails
399:US$ 220,000
395:US$ 130,000
327:"For sale"
128:Upper South
1788:Categories
1741:2023-10-27
1713:2023-10-27
1601:2023-10-30
1576:2023-10-30
1519:2023-10-30
1494:2023-10-30
1455:2023-10-08
1430:2023-08-14
1405:2023-08-14
1380:2023-08-14
1344:2023-10-27
1319:2023-10-27
1295:2023-10-27
1270:2023-10-27
1228:2023-08-18
1203:2023-10-30
1181:2023-10-27
1168:HathiTrust
1150:1153619151
1046:2024-06-02
1018:2024-08-02
900:2023-10-27
858:2023-10-30
834:2023-10-27
775:2023-10-29
669:2023-10-29
645:References
578:Ira Remsen
576:president
469:& Cove
140:cotton gin
132:Deep South
61:1800-04-20
1690:21879838M
1682:317690900
1464:cite news
1358:inquiry-"
1120:(2023) .
709:0144-039X
496:1858–1861
482:1846–1858
463:1843–1847
408:hung jury
375:coastwise
264:US$ 8,000
218:indenture
158:Biography
116:Baltimore
1674:02004230
1662:(1853).
1142:95020493
633:In 1854
588:See also
557:(1852).
541:(1849),
445:Location
120:Maryland
812:J. Cox.
377:slaver
222:cholera
136:tobacco
1688:
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1334:"Died"
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940:206166
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519:Legacy
510:statue
448:Notes
382:Union,
299:, and
150:, and
936:JSTOR
621:Notes
500:Eutaw
467:Pratt
442:Years
433:etc.
389:1860s
254:1850s
1678:OCLC
1670:LCCN
1640:ISBN
1470:link
1146:OCLC
1138:LCCN
1128:ISBN
1095:ISBN
1068:ISBN
988:ISBN
961:ISBN
705:ISSN
379:brig
308:old.
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55:Born
1172:hdl
928:doi
697:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
