4081:
such as MAOs, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes and their interactions with different signal transduction pathways. METH is more lipophilic than d-AMPH. Therefore, it readily enters the cell via diffusion in addition to DAT-dependent uptake. Furthermore, METH has been shown to release more DA and intracellular Ca2+ than d-AMPH at physiologic membrane potentials. These effects can be blocked by DAT inhibitors (Goodwin et al., 2009). This increased DA release perhaps provides an explanation for the enhanced abuse potential and the strong euphoric effects of acute METH exposure in humans. Chronic METH abuse leads to the degeneration of monoaminergic terminals (Davidson et al., 2001; Krasnova and Cadet, 2009) and reduced DAT and DA levels in the striatum of mice, rats and monkeys (Anderson and Itzhak, 2006; Graham et al., 2008; Melega et al., 2008). Similar effects have been reported in people subjected to positron emission tomography (PET) (Volkow et al., 2001). In contrast to MDMA, the metabolism of d-AMPH/METH does not appear to be significant in the manifestation of drug neurotoxicity. However, increases in DA metabolism following d-AMPH/METH-induced DA release have been implicated in the expression of amphetamine neurotoxicity, primarily through the production of oxidative stress (Krasnova and Cadet, 2009).
4412:
take about a month to use 5 bottles, 1 every 5 days. This will give you a healthier brain that someone who has eaten a gluten free diet, multi-vitamin, and probiotic their entire life. A crystal-meth addict who does not do this recovery should not quit crystal-meth as it will leave you VERY unhappy. A normal brain has 3 new and unknown parts to it. Normally the signal enters the first brain and bounces in a specific manner a few errors and bounces back out and repeats, it is supposed to do another way, with crystal meth the signal bounces around in a more advanced way then the signal continues to the second brain and passes through no function no errors before the signal gets to the 3rd and largest brain section and a piece of dna is cloned from a piece of crystal-meth the signal enters the brain bounces off the specific spot and ricochets off the dna crystal and goes out of service and it starts over from the beginning. The advanced brain functionality is responsible for your brains health. Crystal meth is being used in the research for a cure for this brain malfunction and eternal brain health.
484:. Is this is an adequate source?? I know the sentence is prefixed with "Recreationally", but the inference is that meth enables continuous bonking for several days straight. So first qn is: is it true? 2nd qn: my body can be aroused that long much without any drugs (it can get to the state that the more we have sex, the more we want to have sex; my girlfriend's tendency to orgasm remains roughly constant, my frequency of ejaculation reduces with time and my refractory period grows), but we would not be capable of staying awake that long or being so obsessed for so long without drugs - this suggests to me that the most pertinent factor is not so much that meth enables extended sexual performance, but that it enables extreme wakefulness and obsession; is clarification along these lines appropriate?
2555:
which is more recent than your reference, they do discuss the role of TAAR1 and don't discount it as important. But they maintain that reverse transport is the predominant mechanism of action, wherein the releaser doesn't remain bound to the transporter as you may have thought they said, but passes through it backwards disrupting the ion gradient, and causing reverse transport of the neurotransmitter. It does this at both DAT and VMAT. To completely leave out any discussion of reverse transport in this article doesn't adequately represent the current diversity of understanding of this topic, regardless of any user's interpretation of the strength of one particular argument over another.
869:
cost/exclusions from insurance formularies, extremely limited supply due to stingy/declining DEA issued
Production Quotas, and lack of practitioner experience / lack of current therapeutic research / exclusion from medical reference guides. When used, methamphetamine is likely tried in persons with ADHD whose symptoms are not relieved by other ADHD medications. Some may be persons with severe ADHD but some might simply be persons with treatment resistant ADHD. Nonetheless the FDA indications do not specify severe ADHD. (Don't confuse American Society of Health-System Pharmacists' monographs with FDA monographs.)
1678:"Unlike amphetamine, methamphetamine is directly neurotoxic to dopamine neurons." Source 39 is bogus, the authors do not cite any research to support this statement, it seems to be no more than an opinion. "Methamphetamine also inhibits VMAT1, has agonist activity at all alpha-2 adrenergic receptor and sigma receptor subtypes, and is directly toxic to dopamine neurons in humans, whereas there is no evidence of acute amphetamine toxicity in humans." None of the cited sources support the statement that there is no amphetamine toxicity in humans. That statement should be removed or supported by valid sources.
3267:
etc. What she lacks is the experience of actually seeing color. Since there is virtually no overlap between scientists who study meth and individuals who take it we are stuck with research produced by individuals much like the colorblind scientist. Other good analogies might be, "a mechanic who has never driven a car," "a doctor who has never been sick." Or consider all of all the positive findings on the health effects of coffee; considering most scientists like coffee, I be willing to bet if meth was their drug of choice, we'd be seeing all kinds of articles extolling meth. Ā§
3045:(along with methylphenidate) and this is also a strongly accepted medical consensus. There is a significant difference between the substances in terms of pharmacological properties, and methamphetamine's addiction/abuse potential is higher than amphetamine (which is still high, just not as high). I'm not quite sure why we classify amphetamine's as "moderate" rather than "high", I need to look into that policy before I can give you an informed response on the reason for that. I'm on a mobile device right now, but I will reply with a longer comment when I get back to my desktop.
5884:
5789:
982:
abuse/diversion such as the
Controlled Substances Act, Prescription Monitoring Programs and state/DEA disciplinary actions against prescribers clearly are a major influence driving reduced methamphetamine prescribing. It would be much better to say, "It is rarely prescribed due to concerns over abuse and toxicity." or similar. ("Recreational use" is the MOS preferred term for abuse.) Otherwise please cite evidence for the prescription-toxicity assertion, not just A and B above. (Granted it isn't easy to find specific quality evidence about this.)
1087:
934:
876:
591:
Adderall was a magically different compound than
Desoxyn... Someone state the facts more subtly and wisely here, rephrase things... Makes Knowledge look retarded. Genetic polymorphisms of individuals and a million other factors determine whether amphetamine shall prove neurologically damaging, but the reality of its capacity above all these contingent factors, to obliterate Homo Sapiens axon-dendrite-ETC. connections necessary for cephalic functionality, is just a brute factum.
3503:
989:
3142:"There is even a claim that methamphetamine is neurotoxic, while amphetamine is not. This claim is outrageous. To suggest any psychoactive substance does not have potentially toxic properties is extremely misleading" -- The claim is accurate. Amphetamine is NOT neurotoxic, and that property has no influence on the nasty side effects of amphetamine overdose, which are clearly explained in every article about an amphetamine-based drug (usually transcluded from
31:
3587:
2259:
2201:
1921:
810:
4016:
from one another, thereby suggesting these two compounds impact dopaminergic neurotransmission differentially.Ā ... The intracellular application of methamphetamine, but not amphetamine, prevented the dopamine-induced increase in the spontaneous firing of dopaminergic neurons and the corresponding DAT-mediated inward current. The results reveal a new mechanism for methamphetamine-induced dysregulation of dopaminergic neurons.
1790:"Comparison to amphetamine pharmacodynamics": compares meth abuse with amphetamine prescription. Claims that amphetamine is good for the brain even. Since this article explicitly states that meth is neurotoxic, implying that doctors are prescribing neurotoxic medication to 6 year olds with the approval of the FDA, it should at least include evidence that patients incur methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity?
4822:
3680:
6246:
6009:
5832:
5737:
5544:
5220:
4935:
4711:
4380:
2772:
2613:(physiological function subsection), which is based primarily on in vivo data. This doesn't necessarily mean there isn't another PKA/PKC phosphorylation mechanism in meth's reuptake/releasing effects though. That said, TAAR1 isn't fully responsible for methamphetamine-induced reverse transport, since there's still the issue of the CAMKII phosphorylation cascade which is TAAR1-independent.
2149:
1647:
5052:, but instead focused on 1 US city in particular since that's what the source focused on. I've generalized the geographical focus in my recent edit; the existing coverage of that subculture is both encyclopedic and notable though, so IMO it should remain. If you have any suggestions on how to improve the section, feel free to comment further, or better yet, propose changes to the text.
4665:"By 1938, large parts of the population were using Pervitin on an almost regular basis, including students preparing for exams, nurses on night duty, businessmen under pressure, and mothers dealing with the pressures of Kinder, KĆ¼che, Kirche (children, kitchen, churchāto which the Nazis thought women should be relegated)... Its consumption came to be seen as entirely normal."
6073:
6179:
2698:
activity and L-type Ca2+ channels may modulate DAT states and dopamine release.Ā ... In summary, our results suggest that pharmacologically, S(+)AMPH is more potent than DA at activating hDAT-mediated depolarizing currents, leading to L-type Ca2+ channel activation, and the S(+)AMPH-induced current is more tightly coupled than DA to open L-type Ca2+ channels.
231:
1752:
5656:
792:
isolated levomethamphetamine is not a controlled substance in the U.S. Very wrong. "Under 21 C.F.R. Ā§ 1308.12(d), methamphetamine or its isomers is a
Schedule II controlled substance unless specially excepted." Two exceptions exist for nasal inhalers made by Vicks and Classic Pharmaceuticals (now Aphena, who packages the product for others such as
6295:
6215:
5595:
4986:
2859:
4430:
1028:"... methamphetamine is sometimes prescribed off label for narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia." "Also" would be more appropriate than "sometimes". "Sometimes" infers methamphetamine is a fringe therapy while the the drug has a long established history treating narcolepsy and the medical community considers narcolepsy a valid indication.
147:; contracted from N-methyl-alpha-methylphenethylamine) is a neurotoxin and potent psychostimulant of the phenethylamine and amphetamine classes, that is used medically, in some countries, to treat resistant cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity, but is better known for its role as an infamous drug of abuse."
2505:
although the actual effect of meth on neurons via TAAR1 signaling can't be considered in isolation: the receptor requires co-localization with both a monoamine transporter and VMAT2. It's worth noting that TAAR1 activation without effluxing neurotransmitters from VMAT2 produces a much weaker releasing effect. In contrast, TAAR1-mediated
156:
well-known drug of abuse. I would just edit it myself, but I felt as this is a good article a consensus should be reached on something as important as the first sentence. Thoughts and opinions will be welcome by anyone. Even people I tend to ruffle the feathers of as I do still value their opinions as
Knowledge is still a democracy.
5690:
of staying alert and being able to process large amounts of stimuli simultaneously in the heat of the moment. Also widely used by many top level or "c-level" executives (CEO, CFO, etc...) as a way to stay at a performance level that is necessary to maximize profits and stay competitive and creative with the changing markets.
3188:
than a toddler. Clearly killing brain cells isn't all bad. "Toxicity" in this case too often means a change the researcher views as bad. E.g., a researcher might see a loss of DA neurons and immediately think "anhedonia" when really the result could be "increased caution" or another potentially positive or neutral result.Ā§
2621:
transporter substrate against an ion gradient). From rereading the review you mentioned initially, I gathered that the author was arguing primarily in favor of a release model involving transporter oligomers to explain observed phenomena; the model described in that review is currently just a hypothesis though.
6048:
I (dleitner97) did NOT write this line, nor do I support it, however there does exist peer-reviewed research into the subject. A 2009 article from the
Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics states: "In conclusion, we showed that differences in activation during verbal memory are evident
5689:
This chemical compound was actually discovered during WW2 while German chemists were searching for new drugs that radically boost intelligence in humans. At a certain level of government clearance you learn that in it's refined form, it is actually a "super drug" and it becomes legal a necessary part
5322:
However it takes considerable amounts of
Methamphetamine to reach a lethal toxicity, and an underlying predisposition (or prodromal) to a disease may also partially account for fatality (e.g. preexisting heart condition). Furthermore the people who use illicit substances are usually poly drug users.
5310:
This is because epidemiological data sets are collected from research studies and reporting systems, with outcomes accounted for by multiple factors. The explanatory notes for the drug related fatalities cases can be found at the CDC WONDER portal. Some of the data is taken from sources such as death
5014:
I'm not able to edit the article (because it is semi-protected), but I don't think it expresses a neutral point of view under the "recreational" sub-heading. Methamphetamine is abused broadly across different cultures and groups, but most of the recreational uses describe sexual uses and particularly
4080:
d-AMPH and METH vary considerably in their toxic and addictive effects. Although d-AMPH has a higher affinity for DAT than METH (Howell and Kimmel, 2008), the latter is a more potent and also more perilous stimulant than d-AMPH. This could be as a result of their differing effects on cellular targets
3406:
Since then, a family of five high-affinity glutamate transporters has been characterized that is responsible for the precise regulation of glutamate levels at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites, although the glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) is responsible for more than 90% of glutamate uptake in the
3179:
Now the "scientific consensus" argument, this one is tricky because on one hand this is usually how "facts" ie global warming, are determined, but on the other hand the number of false ideas held in scientific consensus is historically enormous and thanks to man's hubris will likely continue as such.
2935:
One might argue that self-reports by users are sufficient evidence of meth's greater danger, but sadly users are notoriously unreliable, are as vulnerable to public perceptions, media bias and the placebo effect as the rest of us, and have relatively small overlap between those who use illegal versus
2825:
Antipsychotics such as
Haloperidol are useful in decreasing the stimulant and CNS effects of methamphetamine overdose. Beta blockers with lipophilic properties and CNS penetration such as Metoprolol and Labetalol may be useful for treating CNS and cardiovascular toxicity. The mixed beta/alpha blocker
2504:
The review you cited (2nd paper) omits nearly all the evidence on this simply because the authors believe these compounds bind to the transporters (IIRC from when I read it a while back). That said, the 2011 model is still consistent with the current limited evidence of TAAR1's in vivo pharmacology,
2473:
to TAAR1. The pharmacodynamics section only covers TAAR1-related signal transduction in neurons. I added content that was missing w.r.t. its inhibitory effect on neuron firing rate and the unidentified TAAR1-independent efflux mechanism which occurs through DAT phosphorylation by CAMKIIĪ±. It's well
2181:
Pharmacodynamics it incorrectly says that "Activation of TAAR1, via adenylyl cyclase,". We know that GPCRs activates a effector protein like adenylyl cyclase, but the sentence says that effector protein(in this case adenylyl cyclase) activates TAAR1. So it must be "Activation of adenylyl cyclase, via
2025:
for all euphoriant drugs, so it doesn't really merit coverage (I don't know how to cover that anyway). As for the former, that could just as well be stated in the side effects section; but, as has been stated above, there's sociocultural aspects to its libido/pleasure-enhancing effects. The current
1958:
i'll address the specifics on the Talk Page to the main article this is copied from ("History and culture of substituted amphetamines"), but essentially this text is problematic. It is misleading, biased, lacks flow or organization, and doesn't work well as an introduction to a complex topic. This
1516:
I like how it says that meethamphetamine is much more toxic than ritalin and amphetamine. This makes no sense. At low doses toxicity would be absolutely the same. I am not even saying that it compares meth additcs to schoolers on ritaline by 18mg. Higher toxicity is achievable only at large doses due
1079:
The FDA requires a number of drugs to display black box warnings but I am aware of no others where it is copied verbatim into a
Knowledge article. It should be sufficient to mention the existence of the black box warning, cite the source and if needed, put the actual quoted warning in a footnote. The
4861:
The article states that methamphetamine is a
Schedule 8 "prohibited substance" in Australia. This is confounded and incorrect. Schedule 8 are defined as "controlled drugs" and Schedule 9 as "prohibited substances". This point in the article needs to be verified and amended for accuracy. I'm guessing
3476:
The dependence of EAAT3 internalization on the DAT also suggests that the two transporters might be internalized together. We found that EAAT3 and DAT are expressed in the same cells, as well as in axons and dendrites. However, the subcellular co-localization of the two neurotransmitter transporters
3297:
The article on dentistry I have seen before (abstract only, too poor for the whole thing), if it has a statistic on the prevalence of "meth mouth" I would appreciate if you could post it perhaps along with the methods used to determine that statistic. I know the phenomenon is real, and likely caused
2838:
3) Richards JR, Albertson TE, Derlet RW, Lange RA, Olson KR, Horowitz BZ. Treatment of toxicity from amphetamines, related derivatives, and analogues: a systematic clinical review. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 May 1;150:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.040. Epub 2015 Feb 18. Review. PubMed PMID:
2554:
I apologize, I didn't mean to put psychoactive in my earlier post, I think I meant to put pharmacodynamic. In any case, I don't argue that TAAR1 is important in methamphetamine mechanism of action, but there are other mechanisms that are worthy of discussion in this article. In the review I cited,
2519:
For several technical reasons (TAAR1-DRD2 functionally/physically interact in such a way that TAAR1 KO actually significantly changes presynaptic DRD2's neuron expression and function compared to WT; TAAR1 is only expressed intracellularly w/ very poor membrane expression; TAAR1 in different species
2494:
which is entirely about the role of TAAR1 in DA/monoamine neurons. Xie and Miller (note that Miller wrote the review I've linked) conducted much of the research on TAAR1 in monoamine neurons and they frequently utilized methamphetamine and specific trace amines as ligands in their experiments, as is
5314:
For example blunt force head trauma due to high impact motor vehicle accident while under the influence of alcohol (my paraphrase). While we could say the motor vehicle accident killed the victim, we could also say the same for the alcohol. However the better statistical methods we often use to get
4597:
which is fairly commonly skipped (much in the same way readers unconsciously skip-over ads on a website ) unless something tips the user to think they are looking at the wrong article. A hatnote saying a term redirects to this article does not necessarily mean the terms in the hatnote are synonyms
4411:
I would like to suggest some information on the recovery of crystal-meth and its advanced brain functionality. Diffuse approx 5 bottles of Sacred Frankincense (15ml each) in a diffuser in a small room and breathe in. It will repair all damage done it is never too late or too much damage. It will
4015:
The primary target of psychostimulants such as amphetamine and methamphetamine is the dopamine transporter (DAT), the major regulator of extracellular dopamine levels in the brain. However, the behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of methamphetamine and amphetamine administration are unique
3183:
As for your comments on chemical similarity, I agree completely with what you said (and I think propylene glycol vs. ethylene glycol might be a better example). But notice I said "pharmacological profiles" not "structural profiles". I was referring to the similarity in receptor interactions between
3175:
Anyone who has ever done any sort of lab work knows that often the slightest mistake in an experiment's process may lead to different results, and as well a perfectly executed experiment that yields unexpected results may be discounted by a researcher. Lets not forget the influence of a scientist's
3044:
overemphasized, but I disagree strongly with many of your claims. In particular, I want to highlight the neurotoxicity claim - methamphetamine has been demonstrated to be nerotoxic and this is a strongly accepted medical consensus, while amphetamine itself has not been demonstrated to be neurotoxic
2927:
The "Faces of Meth" campaign is a good example. These "before and after" photos used were hand picked out of hundreds of choices, and no attempt was made to control for poverty, homelessness, malnutrition, other diseases or polysubstance usage, and many other factors. As well "meth mouth" and "meth
1818:
Personally, I couldn't care less if a reader (i.e., you) is "impressed" or not with sources. That section's sentences are all cited by MEDRS-quality references and that book's refs are at the end of the chapters. Neurotoxicity from a prescription drug isn't unique to meth. Some FDA-approved drugs
926:
for endogenous obesity. Exogenous obesity means consuming more calories than needed or used by the body (as compared to endogenous obesity which means obesity resulting from endocrine or metabolic dysfunction). To demonstrate, obesity may result from hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism is outside the
280:
I'm fairly certain that levomethamphetamine doesn't have a USAN, since it has never been a pharmaceutical drug in the United States. I've read elsewhere that manufacturers (e.g., Vicks) use the INN on their packaging primarily to avoid the stigma associated with the term "methamphetamine". In any
3301:
I take it that these glutamine transports you reference are indirectly affected by dopamine release, causing excitotoxicity. EAAT3 corresponds to amphetamine, yes? As to why 3 would lack cytotoxic effects, I am not sure I understand. I would guess your theory is 3 is only expressed in glia while 2
3266:
Allow me to bring an interesting analogy to your attention, one that cuts to heart of what I'm getting at. It is that of the "colorblind scientist who studies color:" she knows virtually all there is to know about color, ie wavelengths and other light properties, how the brain perceives colors etc
2697:
One example of interest is CaMKII, which has been well characterized as an effector of Ca2+ currents downstream of L-type Ca2+ channels . Interestingly, DAT is a CaMKII substrate and phosphorylated DAT favors the reverse transport of dopamine , constituting a possible mechanism by which electrical
2616:
Based upon very recent findings (literally this month) involving DAT-coupled L-type calcium channels, it appears that monoamine transporter/Ca2+ channel coupling mediates DAT phosphorylation by CAMKII and dopamine release by amphetamine as well as CAMKII-mediated SERT phosphorylation and serotonin
1959:
should be a general intro with a projected organization that cites primary sources, not a TV documentary focusing on a particular aspect of the phenomenon. Issues with specific communities and demographics should be addressed as separate sub-topics in the main article on meth history and culture.
1033:
Off-label prescription of controlled substances is rather uncommon since treatment efficacy of a drug for off-label indications often isn't established in clinical trials (e.g., efficacy of amphetamine for depression isn't established, but it's an off-label use; by contrast, Adderall's efficacy in
5409:]). I believe it is rarely prescribed in the US, but that is what I have heard, not from clinical experience. As far as I know it is not approved for clinical in use in the UK, Australia, or EU countries, and is not listed as a WHO essential medication. I hope that clarifies things a bit. Cheers,
5326:
I donāt want to discourage you because I think you did a stellar job in locating this information and I have no doubt it is scholarly rigorous. The graph is also suitable for the a less technically savvy ready too. But I hoped that I could help you write a more accurate caption. I think I saw you
3187:
The last issue I'd like to presently cover is that of neurotoxicity. Presently this is not a well defined term. "The death of neurons/synapses" might be a good starting place, but how does this reconcile with the fact that, in terms of numbers of neurons and synapses, and adult human has far LESS
1574:
Looks like they are trying to keep meth as a bad stuff due to it's common illicit use and keep amphetamine, no one will sponsor a study which says ritalin and adderal are toxic. It seems that you use your sources more than common sense. Btw give the exact citations if you can of what you found so
802:
Could be revised to: "...in the United States, where all forms of methamphetamine are classified as schedule II controlled substances. However, decongestant nasal inhalers containing limited quantities of levoamphetamine are permitted as over-the-counter products in the United States." but a more
791:
Revise: "...in the United States, where both racemic methamphetamine and dextromethamphetamine are classified as schedule II controlled substances. In contrast, enantiopure levomethamphetamine is an over-the-counter drug which is marketed as a nasal decongestant in the United States." Sounds like
2923:
I believe it is important to factor in the influence of confirmation bias, media campaigns, politics, public perception and the influence of pharmaceutical companies when vetting sources for this article. In the last ten to fifteen years in the USA there has been a push by anti-drug advocates to
631:
Lol. There's a link to the sections in the body right after that statement... the superscripted and , which explains one significant pharmacodynamic and associated toxicodynamic difference that has been identified between methamphetamine and amphetamine. Did you bother clicking that link before
2620:
Excluding one mechanism involving sigma receptors, that's all I could find on potential mechanisms of CAMKII signaling and subsequent DAT phosphorylation by meth. That said, I couldn't find any current literature on a release mechanism mediated by the process you described (reverse uptake of a
2509:
signaling can reduce dopamine neurotransmission, but this effect doesn't actually appear to occur through TAAR1 in dopamine neurons (current evidence suggests that it arises through TAAR1-mediated GIRK signaling that originates from TAAR1 which is expressed in adjacent+inhibitory or presynaptic
590:
LOL, who edited that one? Amphetamine of even garden variety is technically necrotic to neuron integrity DEPENDENT UPON MULTI-FACTORIAL CRITERIA - the statement "UNLIKE AMPHETAMINE..." simply stupidly fails to delve into these, unhelpfully and the simplism is brutal. As if your kid's Ritalin or
2608:
I went through the evidence-based literature I could find on the topic; at the moment, there doesn't appear to be any evidence that amphetamine or methamphetamine trigger reuptake inhibition or efflux in the absence of transporter phosphorylation. It's apparently well established now that the
2325:
This article seems to attribute the psychoactive effects of methamphetamine primarily to TAAR1 activation, which has not been shown. In fact the reverse transport hypothesis is still important in explaining DAT releaser mechanism of action. While there is clearly a role for TAAR1, it is not
868:
ADHD" Severe ADHD does not appear in the FDA monograph. Compared to other stimulants, methamphetamine is rarely prescribed for many reasons: because of its profound illicit use and greater concerns of abuse, greater number/promotion of other stimulants/formulations, neurotoxic potential, high
4541:
I think the editor is attempting to be constructive. Let's not bite the newbies. There is a large learning curve. Anyway, what John from Idegon is trying to get at is that biomedical information requires more stringent sourcing standards (since people's health is at stake). If you can find a
155:
Now my reasoning for this suggested change is that most people don't know it's used to treat ADHD or obesity, even there it's only used in some countries (mostly North American countries) and even then only in resistant cases, hence it might be more helpful to mention this and the fact it is
2581:
I'll see about adding something on reverse transport hypothesis over the next day or two to address your concern; to ensure comprehensive coverage, I'll need to do a literature and pharmacology database search first. I've been really busy this week so I haven't had much time for wikipedia.
5082:
I have to say that I agree that this is problematic. It almost reads like an advertisement for the recreational use of this drug, and it doesn't explain any of the historical factors that lead to it becoming one of the largest epidemics of drug use in the Western world, prominently in that
2931:
Even on wikipedia, methamphetamine's dependence likelihood is "very high" versus a tame "moderate" for its extremely close pharmacological cousin, lisdexamphetamine. There is even a claim that methamphetamine is neurotoxic, while amphetamine is not. This claim is outrageous. To suggest any
981:
does not prove the assertion. It is more likely that its recreational reputation (including violence and personal devastation) combined with the availability of other efficacious drugs (stimulants & non-stimulants) is the most prominent reason. Measures which were established to combat
5318:
However Herion overdose can certainly be clearer due to lower lethal dose (LD) I.e. in a naive (someone with little tolerance) patient is doesnāt take much to overdose. I emphasise that this is even more so the an opiates related to fentanyl which is many times more potent than herion.
2058:
What is the difference between dextromethamphetamine and enantiopure dextromethamphetamine? Dextromethamphetamine is assumed to be enantipure. When I read "two dextrorotary and levorotary enantiomers" it sounds like four isomers; it is sufficient to say "two enantiomers". IMO once we say
3310:
article talk page for the references. I never bothered downloading those sources. The mechanism by which amph/meth differentially affect glutamate transporters isn't known. EAAT2 is responsible for over 90% of glutamate clearance in the brain, so I imagine this is how meth could induce
4598:
for the article topic (for several article, such terms in a hotnote turn out to be explicitly not synonyms), it only means those terms redirect here. IP user above does have a point that common synonyms should be mentioned in case people end up here wondering what a term refers to. ā
3235:
The death of adult neurons is almost always bad, as there is generally no turnover in most regions of the brain. A neuron doesn't have to die for a drug to exert a neurotoxic effect though (e.g., a drug can permanently and adversely affect protein function/distribution in the axon
321:
It's obvious to me why the melting point is listed as 3*C but that's likely to seem very weird for the majority of the population. Should it be made clearer that many of the chemical properties are referring to the freebase oil and not the more commonly seen hydrochloride salt?
5383:
The drug used for medical reasons like narcolepsy and ADHD is amphetamine, not methamphetamine. Yes it sounds the same but the methamphetamine is the illegal version because it's way more potent and dangerous than the other one. They have different chemical structures.
3380:
Holmseth S, Scott HA, Real K, Lehre KP, Leergaard TB, Bjaalie JG, Danbolt NC (2009). "The concentrations and distributions of three C-terminal variants of the GLT1 (EAAT2; slc1a2) glutamate transporter protein in rat brain tissue suggest differential regulation".
2448:
I don't have anything specific in mind but thought that reference to multiple theories of transporter function would be appropriate, including the reverse transport hypothesis as well as the role of TAAR1. I can try to write something in the next couple of days.
2826:
Labetalol is especially useful for treatment of concomitant tachycardia and hypertension induced by methamphetamine. The phenomenon of "unopposed alpha stimulation" has not been reported with the use of beta-blockers for treatment of methamphetamine toxicity.
3171:
First and foremost I think I should emphasize my comments were aimed at "desanctifying" the value of scientific references (which are more or less the gold standard) as evidence in support of one's position, especially on controversial topics like this one. Ā§
1213:
Most of these sound fine. The lead statement I think you're reading too much into, but if you want to clarify its US schedule, feel free to append a statement on that. If you can find a statement in a review that directly supports neuroprotective effects in
2973:
Apologies for the current lack of references, though a quick google search can verify the majority of my claims. I will try to add them in the future, and feel free to ask for any particular one. I am not pro-meth only pro-truth, and am open to criticism.
5964:
It should say like "5-60mg was a reported typical dose." The sentence that's there makes no sense at all. Quote from the currently cited source (source #41) "The dose used is about 5-60 mg of methamphetamine while the lethal dose reported is 200 mg."
2924:
vilify methamphetamine versus drugs of similar percieved danger, ie heroin or cocaine. At the same time pharmaceutical stimulants have had their risks minimized in public perception, despite many having nearly identical pharmacological profiles.
2866:. These changes appear constructive and well sourced, so I have made your suggested edit. However, I would suggest in the future making any potential conflict of interest clear (citing your own publications, as appears to be the case here; see
1034:
treating obesity is more-or-less established due to its relationship to racemic amph, which has established efficacy and is indicated for obesity). I don't have a problem with this proposed change; however, the descriptor "sometimes" is used in
2354:
Cotter, Rachel; Pei, Yue; Mus, Liudmila; Harmeier, Anja; Gainetdinov, Raul R.; Hoener, Marius C.; Canales, Juan J. (13 February 2015). "The trace amine-associated receptor 1 modulates methamphetamine's neurochemical and behavioral effects".
5125:
5984:
So far there seems to be no material on Hitler's use of Pervitin, as documented in "The Hitler Book'. Since I have just finished reading this book, I would like to add some material on this subject (not that I'm asking permission.)
2429:
Can you please be specific about the change you would like (something akin to, change sentence X to read Y)? I could take a look and compose alternate wording myself, but if you have something in mind please specify it here. --
3236:
terminal/dendrites). Neurotoxicity is detectable via functional, chemical, and structural neuroimaging; if you know of a review article that says there is clear evidence of this in humans taking amphetamine, please post it here.
5803:, occuring at 315 C. Additionally, assuming you wanted this added in the infobox, there is no parameter specifically for this and I'm not sure which one would apply. An editor more knowledgeable in chemistry could verify this.
2020:
There's just 2 recreational uses for methamphetamine: it's an aphrodisiac/orgasm-enhancer in both sexes, but which can also cause ED in males; it's a euphoriant. The latter effect isn't context specific and it's an identical
2818:
Replace the last two sentences "Chlorpromazine may be useful in decreasing the stimulant and CNS effects of a methamphetamine overdose. The use of a nonselective beta blocker may be required to control increased heart rate."
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release by MDMA; it was shown that transporter depolarization activates the coupled calcium channel and triggers calcium influx. Calcium influx putatively triggers CAMKII phosphorylation of DAT as a downstream effect (see ).
3069:"I believe it is important to factor in the influence of confirmation bias, media campaigns, politics, public perception and the influence of pharmaceutical companies when vetting sources for this article" -- This is not
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Current chembox is inconsistent as some items refer to racemate, others to dextromethamphetamine. Also note that INN names for methamphetamine refer to the single enantiomers, metamfetamine (+) and levmetamfetamine (ā).
1975:
Agreed. It makes it seems like the only or major manifestation of illicit methamphetamine use is for chemsex, whcih is actually a relatively recent phenomenon. It seems this angle was only introduced in early 2014.
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by a combination of dry mouth, vasoconstriction, bruxism, poor hygiene, etc. Most of these can be offset with regular hydration, gum chewing, holding the mouth piece past one's teeth/exhaling through the nose. Ā§
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I think the caption should read āUS Drug overdose related fatalities in 2016 were ### (you can add the case numbers on the y axis to get the total) including 7663 of those related to Methamphetamine overdose.ā
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TAAR1-signaling model from the 2011 review is in fact the in vivo function of TAAR1 in dopamine neurons; the TAAR1-mediated effects on release/reuptake and neuronal firing from the model are listed in
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There are examples of meth use where the person reports positive changes that outlast the effects of the drug. I suspect that oral use may lead to more of these changes than snorting or smoking it.
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image file are reflected in the image file for this template; the associated enzyme/reaction type annotations from the amphetamine template could then be easily adjusted for use in the meth template.
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I intend to add something on the CAMKII signaling mechanism described above once there's corroborating evidence (in which case I'd cite a database) and/or it's adequately covered in a medical review.
330:
Is there any off-label medical uses for prescription methamphetamine other than ADHD and obesity? Probably narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia and depression but without sources this is just a guess.
5126:
https://web.archive.org/web/20151222180141/http://www.slp.wa.gov.au/pco/prod/FileStore.nsf/Documents/MRDocument%3A28280P/%24FILE/Misuse%20Of%20Drugs%20Act%201981%20-%20%5B06-e0-00%5D.pdf?OpenElement
3093:"In the last ten to fifteen years in the USA there has been a push by anti-drug advocates to vilify methamphetamine versus drugs of similar danger" -- Please specify what drugs you are referring to.
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1889:"this damage includes adverse changes in brain structure and function, such as reductions in grey matter volume in several brain regions and adverse changes in markers of metabolic integrity."
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What is the lattice structure/crystal shape/crystal structure of methamphetamine hydrochloride (AKA crystal meth)? I don't think it is cubic, so is it hexagonal, monoclinic, or something else
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Recreationally, methamphetamine is used to increase sexual desire, lift the mood, and increase energy, allowing some users to engage in sexual activity continuously for several days straight.
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section on recreational use is obviously not comprehensive, so I agree that's an issue; however, I don't see how it's misleading or homophobic. The section states facts in a neutral manner.
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While the article repeatedly mentions neurotoxicity, albeit preliminary, editors might consider methamphetamine's potential neuroprotective effects at low doses for stroke and CNS trauma.
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damage includes adverse changes in brain structure and function, such as reductions in grey matter volume in several brain regions and adverse changes in markers of metabolic integrity."
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Hey, hope it's not too muxh to ask, but can you draw a new structure diagram for this article as well when you get a chance? I'd like to keep the Dbox images consistent across articles.
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Saha K, Sambo D, Richardson BD, Lin LM, Butler B, Villarroel L, Khoshbouei H (August 2014). "Intracellular methamphetamine prevents the dopamine-induced enhancement of neuronal firing".
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Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). "15". In Sydor A, Brown RY. Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 370.
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What method is left out of this list? Why don't we just say "it is often injected or ingested but can be administrated by any method" instead of being so oddly and verbosely specific.--
2970:" The comparison of neurotoxicity between methamphetamine and amphetamine may be generally accepted, but it may also be wrong. I too am only pro-truth- check out the citation.
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The article states that meth is neurotoxic even at low doses in humans ā and amphetamine and methylphenidate are not ā because that's what the citations say. The article compares the
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1) Richards JR, Derlet RW, Duncan DR. Methamphetamine toxicity: treatment with a benzodiazepine versus a butyrophenone. Eur J Emerg Med. 1997 Sep;4(3):130-5. PubMed PMID: 9426992.
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Hi, thank you for responding. I am new at this (editing wikipedia) so please forgive me for breaking any decorum. Thank you for the formidable and well thought out response. Ā§
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entirely well-defined, and may be involved more in sensitization than in acute psychostimulant effects. There are also other modulatory proteins involved in this process. (
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O, I'd gain a new appreciation for the term "nearly". I'm sure there are better/wittier examples out there, I just chose a simple and quick one to illustrate the differences.
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Despite the conflict of interest issue with self-referencing, your contributions to this article are appreciated; it's nice to have a subject expert review article content.
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Certainly - this is the part I found unclear: "the highest use of illegal methamphetamine occurs smokes most of it and parts of Asia, Oceania, and in the United States,".
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Lastly I want to point out that other developed countries, the UK and Nederlands especially, only recognize that meth is only slightly more addictive than amphetamine.
2265:. Worth noting that Vicks wasn't/isn't the only manufacturer of levomethamphetamine-containing decongenstants. Virtually every Walgreens in the United States sells it.
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methamphetamine is a racemate with enantiomers dextro- and levomethamphetamine, we can let go of the extra baggage unless it resolves obvious ambiguity in some sentence.
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Therefore, I am of the opinion that this statement is supported by contemporary research, and should be cited as such. This evidence should replace the ABC news source.
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ranting here? A single methyl group is the difference between phenethylamine and amphetamine as well, so maybe the brain produces its own necrosis-inducing neurotoxins?
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This January, a study was published that supports the use of a combination of buprenorphine and injectable naltrexone as a treatment for methamphetamine dependence.
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6079:. I'm trimming down the use of the ABC source and adding in medical sources, but I didn't use yours because the sample size is too small. I do appreciate the effort.
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that Methamphetamine is most likely Schedule 9 as Schedule 8 drugs are regularly prescribed for medical treatment and there is no PBAC approval for methamphetamine.
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points out, nasal administration already included. There is no text starting with "methods of ingestion..." so there is nothing else indicated as needing changes.
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915:"... and exogenous obesity (obesity originating from factors outside the patient's control)" The phrase in parenthesis should be deleted (or corrected) because it
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2490:) involving in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro evidence supports the role of TAAR1 as the triggering mechanism for the PKA and PKC-mediated signaling cascades, as per
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comprehensive revision would be better. There is really no need to mention nasal inhalers in the lead since it is addressed in the Medical section of the article.
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That review doesn't really cover any evidence on that topic in humans using meth. I added it to the article to cite its oral/IV human bioavailability though.
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information on the process of manufacturing or creation of Methamphetamine. I think some details additions about this subject could be added to the article.
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The major glial glutamate transporter is referred to as GLT1 in the rodent literature and excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) in the human literature.
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Cameron KN, Solis E, Ruchala I, De Felice LJ, Eltit JM (2015). "Amphetamine activates calcium channels through dopamine transporter-mediated depolarization".
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258251965_Methamphetamine-Associated_Memory_Is_Regulated_by_a_Writer_and_an_Eraser_of_Permissive_Histone_Methylation
5407:, it depends on jurisdiction. In the US the Rx formulation of methamphetamine is produced under the name Desoxyn (see FDA prescriberās information here (
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Edit: My bad, I didn't answer your question about EAAT3. Yes, amphetamine alters the trafficking/expression of this transporter at the plasma membrane.
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http://www.slp.wa.gov.au/pco/prod/FileStore.nsf/Documents/MRDocument:28280P/$ FILE/Misuse%20Of%20Drugs%20Act%201981%20-%20%5B06-e0-00%5D.pdf?OpenElement
4044:"The ugly side of amphetamines: short- and long-term toxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy'), methamphetamine and D-amphetamine"
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brain.3 The importance of GLT1 is further highlighted by the large number of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.
4908:
Good stuff. I checked your source. I thought that would be case as Schedule 9 is normally used for substances with no medicinal value or RxTx. Cheers,
800:). Every other form or quantity of levomethamphetamine, even isolating it from the inactive ingredients in these inhalers makes it a Schedule II drug.
507:
Yes, this should be clarified. This section needs additional information and sources so everything is not based off a National Geographic documentary.
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has highly variable sequence similarity with human TAAR1; and other reasons) it's not easy to conduct in vivo research on TAAR1's signaling cascades.
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Under "Epigenetic factors in methamphetamine addiction": "chronic methamphetamine use caused methylation of the lysine in position 4 of histone 3"
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The reason I asked if you checked the archives is that you are not the first person to ask about this and I'm getting annoyed with repeating myself.
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5303:, Good work in finding this resource. I had a *quick* look at the references for this graph, and it would be good if you could take a closer look.
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Melting point is 170 Ā°C, not 3 Ā°C. Reference source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Methamphetamine, CID=10836,
3118:"and no attempt was made to control for and many other factors "meth mouth" been popularized as a common occurrence when in reality rare" --
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Note: I have ignored much of the formatting in this sentence, the bolding and hyperlinking of the words and letters I think is fine the way it is.
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Matsumoto RR, Nguyen L, Kaushal N, Robson MJ (2014). "Sigma (Ļ) receptors as potential therapeutic targets to mitigate psychostimulant effects".
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effect of high dose meth to those of low dose amph because that's as much as could be said from neuroimaging reviews wrt those drugs in humans.
3063:, there is some explanation about addiction_liabiliy (it can be Low/Medium/High/Extremely high). The parameter dependency_liability is separate.
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Blitzed: Drugs in the Third Reich by Norman Ohler, translated from the German by Shaun Whiteside Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 292 pp., $ 28.00
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Should this be extended? I note this page has a long history of vandalism and the first IP edit since protection was removed was vandalism.
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everyone can see your clear research evidence of why amphetamine is so good and so different and not toxic and meth is completly different.
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Sepi333 has modified the addiction_liability parameter to "High", which is in line with how addiction_liability is used on Knowledge. On
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used a similar graph on another article too, so if we can work together to write well now, it will hold us in good stead later on too!
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4323:). I did a search on the site and found a new link, but I can not edit a protected page. So here it is if anyone wants to correct it:
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event, I'd normally just remove a clause I find dubious, but I figured I'd ask first: do you have a ref for the levmetamfetamine USAN?
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The guy who wrote this seems to work for pharm company, this Seppi333 is so confident and know what source is good and what is bad.
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When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
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These changes seem reasonable. However, the addition neuroprotective effects would require a MEDRS source such as a review article.
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Change: Methods of ingestion are Oral, Intravenous, Anal-(rectal), Vaginal and Intra-muscular; to; "Methods of ingestion are Oral,
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in vivo, which trigger reuptake inhibition or reverse transport, depending upon the phosphorylating kinase. A comprehensive model (
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John R. Richards, MD, Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
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Sitte, Harald H.; Freissmuth, Michael (January 2015). "Amphetamines, new psychoactive drugs and the monoamine transporter cycle".
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I hope this makes sense and is helpful, and please do go ahead and make those changes. Iām not here to stand on anyoneās toes.
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Change "Soldiers would only receive a couple tablets at a time" to "Soldiers would only receive a couple of tablets at a time"
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3440:"Amphetamine modulates excitatory neurotransmission through endocytosis of the glutamate transporter EAAT3 in dopamine neurons"
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Levomethamphetamine is available as an over-the-counter drug for use as an inhaled nasal decongestant in the United States.
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The article says " 'Meth' and 'crystal meth' redirect here." But no synonyms are given. Some slang names would we useful.
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1606:ā specifically, the section "2.2. Long-Term Damage of Low Dose" ā covers long-term methamphetamime use at similar doses.
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The sentence below (last sentence, Neonatal Exposure section) requests a medical citation in support this claim. : -->
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meth and amphetamine, ie that with DAT, SERT, TAAR1 blah blah blah. Though if you know a key difference please share.Ā§
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Suggested addition to Section 8 -History, society, and culture. (I'd add it myself but have not mastered footnoting.)
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Is there room on this site for reports of therapeutic effects? Maybe a new heading on the main methamphetamine page?
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Rodvelt KR, Miller DK (September 2010). "Could sigma receptor ligands be a treatment for methamphetamine addiction?".
1474:"The neuroprotective potential of low-dose methamphetamine in preclinical models of stroke and traumatic brain injury"
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Change "Is a strong central nervous system (CNS) Stimulant too "Is a (Potent central nervous system (CNS) stinmulant
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despite similar levels of performance and IQ between methamphetamine-exposed and alcohol-exposed children." ( link:
2002:", which leads to concurrent use of eretile dysfunction drugs with methamphetamine to diminish that side effect. --
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the most out of this kind of data gives us a measurement of the best ārisk factorsā that account for a fatality.
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http://www.nbcnews.com/id/6646180/ns/health-addictions/t/meths-aphrodisiac-effect-adds-drugs-allure/#.XXigWygzaUk
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to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
4806:, are you talking about the list in the infobox? I believe "insufflation" already covers the nasal/sinus route.
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own theories, as well as the interests of his or her benefactor, in determining what actually gets published.Ā§
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3096:"At the same time pharmaceutical stimulants have had their risks minimized in public perception," -- Arguable.
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S(+)MDMA (ecstasy) and 5HT (serotonin) induce Ca2+ mobilization in cultured muscle cells expressing hSERT.Ā ...
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Sorry for not following up earlier. I'm not sure what you're referring to when you say the article attributes
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The external link to "Drug Trafficking Aryan Brotherhood Methamphetamine Operation Dismantled, FBI" is dead (
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Nevermind, it's apparently in the very same ref I used to cite the INN... I'm clearly very perceptive. : -->
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https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/methamphetamine-dangers-exaggerated-20140218.pdf
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The pharmacodynamic differences between amphetamine and methamphetamine relevant to neurotoxicity include
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That just sucks.Ā :( I'll look for sources anyways just in case there is any. Edit: Easier than I thought.
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If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with
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Thanks for pointing that out. I've removed it from the drugbox and article. The INNs are covered in
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Lolz for the last part, I'm not surprised. Thanks for the references will definitely check them out.
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San Francisco Meth Zombies (TV documentary). National Geographic Channel. August 2013. ASIN B00EHAOBAO
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As is smoking, which I understand is doable. All the more reason to ditch the exhaustive list idea.--
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No problem. I have updated the structure so that it is consistent with the one used in amphetamine.
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The electrical coupling between hSERT and CaV1.3 takes place at physiological concentrations of 5HT.
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The reference for that statement is reliable but is somewhat on the old side. If you have a newer
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halves... Uh, yea, definitely two halves." We don't need to state the obvious. Hence my edits. ā
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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
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816:- decongestant inhalers are currently the only products that contain "levmetamfetamine" per the
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scholarly review article or meta-analysis supporting what you're saying we can include this.
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Just butting in here, there is some rigorous analysis of these very issues in this paperĀ : "
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Under neonatal affects the last paragraph has a sentence about 330 children repeated twice
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psychoactive substance does not have potentially toxic properties is extremely misleading.
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If you think you need my help with this or something in the future, Iād be happy to help.
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Need to spend more time looking for a primary source or review covering nNOS stimulation,
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quote + replaced w/ a 1 sentence summary - may be worth moving to another section though.
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Hi, I think the first sentence should instead read like: "Methamphetamine (pronunciation:
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I'm unable to make this change myself, since this account has too few edits on Knowledge
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4257:"Neuropsychological Consequences of Chronic Drug Use: Relevance to Treatment Approaches"
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Hi. I think there is an editorial mistake in the lead - paragraph 4 - line five. Cheers
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15538957ttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15538957
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5142:, "External links modified" talk page sections are no longer generated or monitored by
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https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/aryan-brotherhood-methamphetamine-operation-dismantled
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Could you be more specific about the problem? What part of this looks like a mistake?
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If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with
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excitotoxicity. EAAT3 is expressed in DA neurons. EAAT1/EAAT2 are expressed in glia.
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I respectfully propose the following changes under the Emergency treatment section.
1823:) literally list neurotoxicity as adverse effects in their prescribing information.
971:
I challenge this statement: "It is rarely prescribed due to concerns over toxicity."
5986:
5298:
4992:
4496:
3623:
2928:
bugs" have been popularized as a common occurrence when in reality they are rare.
4355:
to call attention to requests such as this to get ensure a quicker response.) --
1385:"Government Report Slams DEA for Oversight of Drug Production Quota System | RAPS"
3455:
2086:
chemical precursors. (I probably should have added "illicitly" before produced.)
5895:
5431:
5149:
4187:
3679:
3637:
3143:
1599:
1485:
1039:
440:
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46:
If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old one, please do so on the
5796:
4144:
2727:
2685:
2409:
5148:. No special action is required regarding these talk page notices, other than
4821:
4527:
viewpoint. Either produce reliable sources, or this will be removed shortly.
4225:
3602:
3477:
remains to be established definitively by high resolution electron microscopy.
3307:
2483:
2098:
1538:
I'd suggest reading the sources if you want an explanation about a statement.
1473:
1186:
1178:
1163:
1080:
concerns raised in the warning should already exist elsewhere in the article.
5799:) only discusses a specific reaction when MA is placed in a sealed tube with
4272:
3946:
3040:
for your claims. I don't dispute that the dangers of certain drugs have been
2368:
1492:
4003:
2474:
established that amphetamine and methamphetamine both phosphorylate DAT via
345:
I imagine all of those are, but I doubt I can find a source that says that.
227:
Sure, I think that's better than my suggestion due to my lack of concision.
4345:
Thanks. I have updated the link accordingly. (In the future, you can use
4288:
4241:
4194:
4160:
4113:
4075:
4010:
3962:
3901:
3854:
3695:- includes coverage of human low-dose methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity
3471:
3438:
Underhill SM, Wheeler DS, Li M, Watts SD, Ingram SL, Amara SG (July 2014).
3401:
3136:
3129:
3122:
2743:
2692:
2093:
piece that went, "They divided the class into two halves... I think it was
1499:
6072:
3885:
3060:
4968:
https://www.fda.gov/regulatoryinformation/lawsenforcedbyfda/ucm148726.htm
617:
compliant source feel free to provide it and we can update this section.
6178:
5655:
4059:
2710:
Ruchala I, Cabra V, Solis E, Glennon RA, De Felice LJ, Eltit JM (2014).
1954:
Section on recreational use problematic, misleading, possibly homophobic
5929:
5915:
5871:
5867:
5049:
3929:
Salamanca SA, Sorrentino EE, Nosanchuk JD, Martinez LR (January 2015).
2752:
hSERT-mediated depolarization activates voltage-gated calcium channels.
1409:"Methamphetamine Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com"
6137:
Would someone like to add this info to the "addictive" section, 3.5?
1886:
This is just a small catch, in the last line of the third paragraph:
927:
patient's control but this would not be considered exogenous obesity.
5663:
1260:
3085:
Apologies for any breach of protocol, I'm new to editing wikipedia.
6207:
https://nauka-polska.pl/#/profile/scientist?id=127662&_k=0i10fc
3823:"Glial modulators as potential treatments of psychostimulant abuse"
4129:"Role of sigma receptors in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity"
3816:
3814:
3716:
Old reviews on sigma-1 receptors in meth ntox, depicted in diagram
3229:
3225:
3221:
1998:". We should also have a mention of the associated phenomenon of "
3032:
Sorry rather new to editing wikipedia, appreciate any pointers!Ā§
4451:
It doesn't seem like a good idea to mix meth and LSD like that.
4321:
https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2015/december/drug-trafficking/
3497:
2506:
1478:
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
1309:"Title 21 CFR - PART 1308 - Section 1308.22 Excluded substances"
5631:
https://journals.iucr.org/e/issues/2008/05/00/lh2608/lh2608.pdf
5353:
You sir, are correct. thanks for the clarification. Good day.
3729:-mechanisms associated with amph in humans --- might not matter
3713:
2014 review on stimulant sigma-1 receptor ligand neurotoxicity
6240:
6003:
5826:
5800:
5731:
5538:
5214:
4929:
4705:
4374:
2766:
2299:
The image is wrong and someone must have vandalised the page
2143:
1641:
864:"ethamphetamine ... has been approved by the FDA for treating
466:
although the entire recreational use section needs expansion.
25:
5662:
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect
5266:
I changed the word 'strong' to the word 'potent' as the word
4042:
Steinkellner T, Freissmuth M, Sitte HH, Montgomery T (2011).
1796:
btw, a tertiary source that doesn't list a single reference.
5654:
5270:
better emphasises the powerfulness of this stimulant drug.--
4489:
People should be informed if there are longlasting effects
4746:, Intravenous, Anal-(rectal), Vaginal and Intra-muscular".
3707:
based upon their distinct intracellular signaling dynamics.
1994:
Regarding chemsex, we have an article on the topic, under "
995:
summary of above + noted that it isn't an exhaustive list.
782:
The following issues should be addressed. Comments please.
5496:
Do you have a specific suggestion to improve the section?
5120:
for additional information. I made the following changes:
3705:
Methamphetamine#Comparison to amphetamine pharmacodynamics
2834:
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/820918-treatment#d10
1472:
Rau, Thomas; Ziemniak, John; Poulsen, David (2015-02-25).
1333:"FindLaw's Supreme Court of Mississippi case and opinions"
5518:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methamphetamine
3492:
Note to self: add a direct pathway for methamphetamine ā
1261:"949 F2d 1065 United States v. R Youngblood | OpenJurist"
6127:
Bupropion and Naltrexone in Methamphetamine Use Disorder
5627:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pro.244
3066:
So I said I'd reply in greater detail, and here you go:
1285:"Title 21 CFR - PART 1308 - Section 1308.12 Schedule II"
6205:
Doktor habilitowany nauk spoÅecznych Åukasz KamieÅski.
5768:
I want to add methamphetamine decompsotion temperature
188:
1357:"DESOXYNĀ® Methamphetamine Hydrochloride Tablets, USP "
6051:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2745202/
5920:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4622560/
5018:
I think this section should be flagged, then edited.
3931:"Impact of methamphetamine on infection and immunity"
1849:
FWIW, I do think that section needs to be rewritten.
480:
The current ref for this sentence in the lead par is
5960:
Weird sentence in Fatality and other effects section
5291:
Drug overdose related graph and caption (CDC source)
4593:
That isn't the first sentence... that is an article
3574:
5152:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
118:
5623:https://www.thoughtco.com/types-of-crystals-602156
4966:Reference 138 link is dead. Use this one instead:
4881:https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2017L00057
3002:Have you bothered searching this page's archives?
2182:TAAR1,". Ref: Lodish Molecular Cell Biology-: -->
554:I agree that the section needs expansion though.
5535:Semi-protected edit request on 11 September 2019
5481:Section looks more like a promotional guide.Ā :/
4371:Semi-protected edit request on 16 September 2017
2321:Semi-Protected edit request: mechanism of action
5718:(I'm a manātraditional male pronouns are fine.)
5211:Semi-protected edit request on 24 February 2018
4208:Friend DM, Fricks-Gleason AN, Keefe KA (2014).
3868:Yu S, Zhu L, Shen Q, Bai X, Di X (March 2015).
1638:Semi-protected edit request on 27 December 2014
1517:to more powerful output capabilities of meth.
6237:Semi-protected edit request on 4 November 2021
6158:Repeat paragraph about a study of 330 cbildren
5795:The abstract of the article (once the link is
5138:This message was posted before February 2018.
2140:Semi-protected edit request on 2 February 2016
326:Off-label use of prescription methamphetamine?
5894:that support the change you want to be made.
5311:certificates, and can list multiple causes.
4926:Semi-protected edit request on 22 August 2017
4693:New York Review of Books, March 9, 2017 Issue
3146:), as well as in the methylphenidate article.
2066:dextromethamphetamine is a more potent drug,
1748:sources are good. Non-MEDRS sources are bad.
1697:for what constitutes a valid medical source.
8:
4702:Semi-protected edit request on 25 April 2017
4579:They are in the note in the first sentence.
4479:Therapeutic use of methamphetamine in Canada
3423:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2763:Semi-protected edit request on 20 April 2016
1602:- end of the 1st paragraph, all 3 sources.
1077:The FDA black box warning should be deleted.
109:
5705:Would you cite a reference for your story?
5625:? This might explain it, but I'm not sure:
778:Revisions needed in Lead / Medical sections
136:
130:
124:
106:
6000:Semi-protected edit request on 29 May 2021
5936:
5823:Semi-protected edit request on 28 May 2020
5728:Semi-protected edit request on 13 May 2020
5685:Developed as "super drug" for intelligence
5354:
5108:I have just modified one external link on
5019:
4775:The ocular route seems to be excludedĀ ;).
4490:
3302:and 1 are expressed in neurons? Correct?Ā§
2300:
2234:No longer for sale as a nasal decongestant
2078:due to the relative ease of its synthesis
592:
485:
4659:The Very Drugged Nazis by Antony Beevor
4279:
4232:
4151:
4066:
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3892:
3845:
3462:
2734:
2076:and sold instead of dextromethamphetamine
112:
4650:Civilian use of Pervitin in WWII Germany
3756:; Updated: 13:09, 16 January 2016 (UTC)
3678:
1046:, so I left the sentence alone for now.
919:the definition of exogenous obesity but
6332:was invoked but never defined (see the
6318:
4686:
3810:
3372:
2815:______________________________________
2664:
2346:
1252:
979:B. methamphetamine is rarely prescribed
913:Wrong definition for exogenous obesity.
5101:External links modified (January 2018)
5044:The section was supposed to summarize
5015:gay male "San Francisco sub-culture".
4294:
4127:Kaushal N, Matsumoto RR (March 2011).
4020:
3968:
3907:
3416:
2374:
2240:- Vicks has discontinued this product.
1882:Minor spelling edit to third paragraph
683:, though no clue if it'll go through.
599:2602:304:B34B:A940:F051:AB0F:3A76:DE48
44:Do not edit the contents of this page.
5010:Neutral point of view of this article
3581:Metabolic pathways of methamphetamine
758:Fixed. Thanks for pointing this out.
139:
121:
7:
4255:Cadet JL, Bisagno V (January 2016).
3539:so that the recent revisions to the
1749:
228:
127:
6324:
5379:Error: Wrong Drug Under Medical Use
1786:Neurotoxicity evidence in patients?
133:
115:
103:
6201:Ortography of Polish name, surname
4301:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
4107:10.1016/B978-0-12-420118-7.00009-3
4027:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
3975:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
3914:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
3839:10.1016/B978-0-12-420118-7.00001-9
3691:Reviews to add (at some point)...
3535:Edit: should probably also update
3395:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.03.048
2398:Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
2381:: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (
1364:U. S. Food and Drug Administration
526:No. You aren't a reliable source.
24:
5112:. Please take a moment to review
3760:Neuropsychological effects review
1124:Consider neuroprotective effects.
6293:
6244:
6213:
6177:
6071:
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5593:
5575:Better source for footnote 19:
5542:
5218:
4984:
4933:
4820:
4709:
4428:
4378:
3821:Beardsley PM, Hauser KF (2014).
3698:- 2nd human neurotoxicity review
3585:
3501:
2857:
2770:
2257:
2199:
2147:
2082:and the limited availability of
1919:
1750:
1645:
1185:) 14:24, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
1085:
987:
975:A. methamphetamine is neurotoxic
932:
874:
808:
229:
99:
29:
6108:It seems there is currently no
2062:Consider the difference: While
93:Amendment to the first sentence
5611:13:53, 12 September 2019 (UTC)
5588:07:26, 11 September 2019 (UTC)
4879:It is schedule 8 according to
4473:18:11, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
4447:12:09, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
4422:12:06, 16 September 2017 (UTC)
3569:03:46, 25 September 2016 (UTC)
3530:22:25, 18 September 2016 (UTC)
3306:You might want to post at the
3107:O, but if I started drinking H
3036:Please cite sources that meet
1:
6231:19:52, 27 December 2021 (UTC)
6195:19:46, 27 December 2021 (UTC)
5643:06:23, 28 November 2019 (UTC)
5471:16:02, 27 November 2018 (UTC)
5440:18:56, 11 November 2018 (UTC)
5285:11:45, 24 February 2018 (UTC)
5261:10:48, 24 February 2018 (UTC)
5074:16:42, 4 September 2017 (UTC)
5038:14:22, 4 September 2017 (UTC)
4640:05:17, 22 February 2017 (UTC)
4610:12:23, 21 February 2017 (UTC)
4589:04:57, 16 February 2017 (UTC)
4574:01:22, 15 February 2017 (UTC)
4552:23:15, 11 November 2016 (UTC)
4537:19:58, 11 November 2016 (UTC)
4509:19:45, 11 November 2016 (UTC)
3410:Clarification of nomenclature
2646:21:39, 14 November 2015 (UTC)
2604:22:02, 12 November 2015 (UTC)
2315:10:32, 12 December 2016 (UTC)
2251:10:37, 25 February 2016 (UTC)
2048:23:10, 11 December 2015 (UTC)
2012:15:52, 11 December 2015 (UTC)
1948:06:41, 16 November 2015 (UTC)
1914:03:15, 16 November 2015 (UTC)
1725:01:00, 27 December 2014 (UTC)
1688:00:47, 27 December 2014 (UTC)
1240:14:52, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
1209:14:34, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
1195:14:34, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
1172:14:14, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
1153:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
1115:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
1068:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
1026:Change "sometimes" to "also".
1017:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
962:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
904:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
842:08:06, 6 September 2015 (UTC)
820:, so I left that part alone.
523:Yes. It is a reliable source.
387:03:55, 20 February 2015 (UTC)
373:01:55, 20 February 2015 (UTC)
340:08:24, 19 February 2015 (UTC)
6313:05:02, 5 November 2021 (UTC)
6287:19:39, 4 November 2021 (UTC)
5975:15:55, 24 October 2020 (UTC)
5447:Methamphetamine#cite_note-20
5419:02:55, 29 October 2018 (UTC)
5394:02:44, 29 October 2018 (UTC)
5373:02:05, 9 November 2018 (UTC)
5206:18:53, 26 January 2018 (UTC)
4365:12:38, 8 November 2016 (UTC)
4340:11:36, 8 November 2016 (UTC)
3795:21:54, 25 October 2016 (UTC)
3543:amphetamine pharmacokinetics
3456:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.043
2870:for details). Regards, --
2565:18:57, 9 November 2015 (UTC)
2542:22:02, 7 November 2015 (UTC)
2459:18:57, 9 November 2015 (UTC)
2440:11:37, 7 November 2015 (UTC)
2336:04:13, 7 November 2015 (UTC)
2228:14:00, 2 February 2016 (UTC)
2194:11:59, 2 February 2016 (UTC)
1986:17:27, 1 December 2015 (UTC)
1969:10:31, 1 December 2015 (UTC)
1777:11:03, 16 January 2016 (UTC)
1740:01:21, 16 January 2016 (UTC)
1628:11:07, 16 January 2016 (UTC)
1587:01:18, 16 January 2016 (UTC)
317:Clarity on freebase vs salts
6271:to reactivate your request.
6259:has been answered. Set the
6140:DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2020214
6034:to reactivate your request.
6022:has been answered. Set the
5857:to reactivate your request.
5845:has been answered. Set the
5762:to reactivate your request.
5750:has been answered. Set the
5569:to reactivate your request.
5557:has been answered. Set the
5520:(accessed on May 31, 2019)
5349:13:56, 17 August 2018 (UTC)
5245:to reactivate your request.
5233:has been answered. Set the
5093:16:49, 20 August 2019 (UTC)
5004:19:18, 22 August 2017 (UTC)
4979:18:47, 22 August 2017 (UTC)
4960:to reactivate your request.
4948:has been answered. Set the
4736:to reactivate your request.
4724:has been answered. Set the
4405:to reactivate your request.
4393:has been answered. Set the
4188:10.2174/1874473711003030156
2797:to reactivate your request.
2785:has been answered. Set the
2184:Last sentence of page 689.
2174:to reactivate your request.
2162:has been answered. Set the
2134:21:03, 3 January 2016 (UTC)
2107:14:27, 2 January 2016 (UTC)
1871:09:01, 5 October 2015 (UTC)
1845:08:29, 5 October 2015 (UTC)
1808:08:21, 5 October 2015 (UTC)
1672:to reactivate your request.
1660:has been answered. Set the
1486:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.02.013
862:"Severe" should be deleted.
768:18:40, 14 August 2015 (UTC)
754:12:10, 14 August 2015 (UTC)
740:14:54, 11 August 2015 (UTC)
725:08:52, 11 August 2015 (UTC)
312:23:45, 6 October 2014 (UTC)
6355:
6172:17:13, 4 August 2021 (UTC)
6153:13:56, 3 August 2021 (UTC)
6122:00:50, 1 August 2021 (UTC)
5878:). That should be linked.
5700:17:19, 23 March 2020 (UTC)
5169:(last update: 5 June 2024)
5105:Hello fellow Wikipedians,
4756:02:06, 25 April 2017 (UTC)
4677:15:42, 20 March 2017 (UTC)
4515:Lacking sources that meet
4145:10.2174/157015911795016930
3103:O is nearly identical to H
2913:21:20, 20 April 2016 (UTC)
2880:15:20, 20 April 2016 (UTC)
2851:13:10, 20 April 2016 (UTC)
2728:10.1016/j.ceca.2014.04.003
2686:10.1016/j.ceca.2015.06.013
2410:10.1016/j.tips.2014.11.006
2054:Enantiopure ā less is more
1813:Here's "low dose" for you.
1566:00:06, 2 August 2014 (UTC)
1313:www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov
1289:www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov
705:20:20, 9 August 2015 (UTC)
674:18:45, 9 August 2015 (UTC)
476:16:21, 15 April 2015 (UTC)
268:Levmetamfetamine as a USAN
5680:19:59, 2 March 2020 (UTC)
4918:04:54, 21 June 2017 (UTC)
4893:04:40, 19 June 2017 (UTC)
4874:00:46, 19 June 2017 (UTC)
4226:10.1007/s12640-013-9415-2
3754:03:45, 13 July 2015 (UTC)
3727:reactive nitrogen species
3191:Thank you for your timeĀ§
2936:prescription stimulants.
2357:Frontiers in Neuroscience
2289:13:59, 7 March 2016 (UTC)
1527:06:45, 31 July 2014 (UTC)
1036:Dextroamphetamine#Medical
654:07:25, 19 June 2015 (UTC)
627:05:11, 19 June 2015 (UTC)
607:04:34, 19 June 2015 (UTC)
449:09:28, 4 April 2015 (UTC)
434:02:51, 4 April 2015 (UTC)
260:19:41, 20 July 2014 (UTC)
219:19:28, 20 July 2014 (UTC)
187:Seems a bit long. How's
182:14:29, 20 July 2014 (UTC)
6098:03:46, 29 May 2021 (UTC)
6066:01:50, 29 May 2021 (UTC)
5995:08:42, 1 June 2021 (UTC)
5951:15:00, 28 May 2020 (UTC)
5906:14:09, 28 May 2020 (UTC)
5817:21:48, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
5782:21:15, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
5722:23:44, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
5666:. Please participate in
5650:Redirects for discussion
5530:06:22, 31 May 2019 (UTC)
4883:. I'll fix the wording.
4843:18:53, 30 May 2017 (UTC)
4816:07:48, 11 May 2017 (UTC)
4799:21:20, 10 May 2017 (UTC)
4273:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00189
3947:10.3389/fnins.2014.00445
3765:- should probably cover
3603:4-Hydroxymethamphetamine
3359:22:24, 29 May 2016 (UTC)
3333:17:12, 18 May 2016 (UTC)
3291:22:24, 16 May 2016 (UTC)
3261:05:48, 16 May 2016 (UTC)
3161:22:01, 14 May 2016 (UTC)
3055:19:26, 14 May 2016 (UTC)
3024:09:10, 14 May 2016 (UTC)
2995:05:10, 14 May 2016 (UTC)
2960:07:14, 14 May 2016 (UTC)
2495:evident from the review.
2369:10.3389/fnins.2015.00039
1044:Lisdexamfetamine#Medical
940:the parenthetical note.
576:02:23, 15 May 2015 (UTC)
548:22:55, 10 May 2015 (UTC)
517:21:22, 10 May 2015 (UTC)
500:12:51, 10 May 2015 (UTC)
5670:if you wish to do so.
5668:the redirect discussion
5512:Incorrect melting point
5506:03:42, 9 May 2019 (UTC)
5491:05:40, 8 May 2019 (UTC)
4785:02:40, 9 May 2017 (UTC)
4771:05:34, 8 May 2017 (UTC)
4004:10.1074/jbc.M114.563056
3685:neurodegeneration image
2070:racemic methamphetamine
1218:, go ahead and add it.
660:Page protection expired
586:"UNLIKE AMPHETAMINE..."
5659:
3688:
3610:4-Hydroxyphenylacetone
2074:is sometimes produced
5772:It's starts at 315 C
5708:- Mark D Worthen PsyD
5658:
5336:Good luck with this.
4614:He was talking about
3682:
3659:4-Hydroxynorephedrine
3537:File:Meth Pathway.png
3061:Template:Infobox_drug
2180:In Pharmacology-: -->
42:of past discussions.
6328:The named reference
5150:regular verification
3675:Neurotoxicity update
3652:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
2611:IUPHAR's TAAR1 entry
2471:psychoactive effects
2023:psychological affect
1453:"endogenous obesity"
818:FDA's drug directory
786:In the Lead section:
18:Talk:Methamphetamine
6114:IdontLikeMormons223
5648:"Bingdu" listed at
5140:After February 2018
4857:Australian Schedule
4350:Edit semi-protected
4176:Curr Drug Abuse Rev
4133:Curr Neuropharmacol
4060:10.1515/BC.2011.016
3998:(32): 22246ā22257.
3886:10.1155/2015/103969
3703:Completely rewrite
1600:Amphetamine#Medical
1433:"exogenous obesity"
1040:Amphetamine#Medical
679:Added a request at
5660:
5194:InternetArchiveBot
5145:InternetArchiveBot
3689:
3488:Metabolism diagram
2080:by certain methods
2072:, the racemic form
6275:
6274:
6096:
6038:
6037:
5953:
5941:comment added by
5903:
5861:
5860:
5793:Not done for now:
5766:
5765:
5720:
5719:
5617:Lattice structure
5573:
5572:
5375:
5359:comment added by
5249:
5248:
5170:
5040:
5024:comment added by
4964:
4963:
4740:
4739:
4519:, this is merely
4511:
4495:comment added by
4437:. Nonsense. --
4409:
4408:
4261:Front. Psychiatry
3671:
3670:
3294:
3277:comment added by
3212:
3198:comment added by
2998:
2981:comment added by
2963:
2946:comment added by
2801:
2800:
2317:
2305:comment added by
2178:
2177:
2089:There was an old
1792:Not impressed by
1676:
1675:
1162:Comments please.
609:
597:comment added by
502:
490:comment added by
90:
89:
54:
53:
48:current talk page
6346:
6339:
6338:
6337:
6331:
6330:ā2020-01-03_ABCā
6323:
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6217:
6216:
6181:
6090:
6083:
6075:
6029:
6025:
6011:
6010:
6004:
5899:
5892:reliable sources
5886:
5885:
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5791:
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5757:
5753:
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4529:John from Idegon
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3218:sigma-1 receptor
3211:
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2919:Bias in Research
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2183:Chapter 15-: -->
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6320:
6307:twotwofourtysix
6306:
6302:
6294:
6292:
6264:
6260:
6257:Methamphetamine
6245:
6239:
6214:
6212:
6203:
6160:
6129:
6106:
6081:
6046:
6027:
6023:
6020:Methamphetamine
6008:
6002:
5982:
5962:
5890:please provide
5883:
5850:
5846:
5843:Methamphetamine
5831:
5825:
5788:
5774:185.211.158.179
5755:
5751:
5748:Methamphetamine
5736:
5730:
5712:
5707:
5687:
5653:
5635:User123o987name
5619:
5594:
5562:
5558:
5555:Methamphetamine
5543:
5537:
5514:
5498:TylerDurden8823
5479:
5456:
5452:
5427:
5425:Stereochemistry
5400:
5381:
5296:
5293:
5278:
5272:
5238:
5234:
5231:Methamphetamine
5219:
5213:
5198:
5193:
5161:
5154:have permission
5144:
5118:this simple FaQ
5110:Methamphetamine
5103:
5059:
5055:
5012:
4996:(Jalen D. Folf)
4995:
4985:
4953:
4949:
4946:Methamphetamine
4934:
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4901:
4859:
4729:
4725:
4722:Methamphetamine
4710:
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4699:
4698:
4697:
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4625:
4621:
4600:
4562:
4481:
4458:
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4398:
4394:
4391:Methamphetamine
4379:
4373:
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4312:
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4293:
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4249:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4092:
4091:
4087:
4054:(1ā2): 103ā15.
4041:
4040:
4036:
4019:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3967:
3935:Front. Neurosci
3928:
3927:
3923:
3906:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3820:
3819:
3812:
3803:
3801:Section reflist
3780:
3776:
3762:
3739:
3735:
3725:production, or
3677:
3672:
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3657:
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3648:
3643:
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3601:
3599:
3596:Methamphetamine
3594:
3590:
3582:
3554:
3550:
3540:
3515:
3511:
3490:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3415:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3344:
3340:
3318:
3314:
3279:Toomanybigwords
3272:
3246:
3242:
3200:Toomanybigwords
3193:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3009:
3005:
2983:Toomanybigwords
2976:
2948:Toomanybigwords
2941:
2921:
2898:
2894:
2884:
2858:
2856:
2790:
2786:
2783:Methamphetamine
2771:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2631:
2627:
2589:
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2527:
2523:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2395:
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2373:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2323:
2297:
2274:
2270:
2236:
2213:
2209:
2167:
2163:
2160:Methamphetamine
2148:
2142:
2119:
2115:
2056:
2033:
2029:
1956:
1933:
1929:
1884:
1856:
1852:
1830:
1826:
1798:
1788:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1746:MEDRS-compliant
1704:
1700:
1665:
1661:
1658:Methamphetamine
1646:
1640:
1613:
1609:
1545:
1541:
1514:
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1508:
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1466:
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1293:
1291:
1283:
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1269:
1267:
1259:
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1254:
1225:
1221:
1177:Touched up, 2x
1138:
1134:
1100:
1096:
1053:
1049:
1002:
998:
973:Accepting that
947:
943:
889:
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865:
827:
823:
780:
713:
690:
686:
662:
639:
635:
588:
561:
557:
533:
529:
457:
455:Require sources
413:
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328:
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198:
194:
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22:
21:
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6102:
6101:
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6044:
6036:
6035:
6012:
6001:
5998:
5981:
5978:
5967:morsontologica
5961:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5943:81.191.116.205
5922:
5909:
5908:
5859:
5858:
5835:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5819:
5805:RandomCanadian
5764:
5763:
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5725:
5724:
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5683:
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5646:
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5570:
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5508:
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5474:
5473:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5421:
5380:
5377:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5287:
5273:Literaturegeek
5247:
5246:
5223:
5212:
5209:
5188:
5187:
5180:
5133:
5132:
5124:Added archive
5102:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5095:
5077:
5076:
5046:party and play
5011:
5008:
5007:
5006:
4962:
4961:
4938:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4896:
4895:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4804:Purple Chrissy
4748:Purple Chrissy
4738:
4737:
4714:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4651:
4648:
4647:
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4645:
4644:
4643:
4642:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4449:
4407:
4406:
4383:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4332:104.51.149.199
4316:
4315:External links
4313:
4309:
4308:
4247:
4200:
4182:(3): 156ā162.
4166:
4119:
4095:Adv. Pharmacol
4085:
4034:
3982:
3921:
3860:
3827:Adv. Pharmacol
3809:
3808:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3761:
3758:
3731:
3730:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3711:
3708:
3700:
3699:
3696:
3687:from this ref.
3676:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
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3592:
3591:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3430:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3389:(4): 1055ā71.
3371:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3335:
3264:
3263:
3237:
3233:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3151:There you go.
3149:
3148:
3147:
3140:
3116:
3112:
3111:O instead of H
3108:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3094:
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2572:
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2567:
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2514:
2513:
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2442:
2416:
2415:
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2344:
2340:
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2296:
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2243:199.46.199.232
2235:
2232:
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2176:
2175:
2152:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
1996:party and play
1989:
1988:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1821:phenylbutyrate
1816:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1728:
1727:
1674:
1673:
1650:
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1400:
1376:
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1300:
1276:
1265:openjurist.org
1251:
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1120:
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1021:
1020:
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968:
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910:
909:
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847:
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801:
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776:
775:
774:
773:
772:
771:
770:
746:Myrtlegroggins
717:Myrtlegroggins
712:
709:
708:
707:
661:
658:
657:
656:
629:
587:
584:
583:
582:
581:
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578:
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327:
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94:
91:
88:
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82:
75:
70:
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62:
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6319:
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6310:
6309:
6300:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6279:87.74.188.194
6270:
6267:parameter to
6258:
6254:
6250:
6243:
6242:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6211:
6210:
6209:
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6200:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6169:
6165:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6141:
6138:
6135:
6132:
6126:
6124:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6111:
6103:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6078:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6054:
6052:
6043:
6033:
6030:parameter to
6021:
6017:
6013:
6006:
6005:
5999:
5997:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5979:
5977:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5959:
5952:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5923:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5912:
5911:
5910:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5893:
5889:
5881:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5874:(or possible
5873:
5869:
5864:
5856:
5853:parameter to
5844:
5840:
5836:
5829:
5828:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5786:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5761:
5758:parameter to
5749:
5745:
5741:
5734:
5733:
5727:
5723:
5715:
5710:
5704:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5684:
5682:
5681:
5677:
5673:
5669:
5665:
5657:
5651:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5592:
5591:
5590:
5589:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5568:
5565:parameter to
5556:
5552:
5548:
5541:
5540:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5519:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5459:
5448:
5444:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5408:
5404:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5351:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5275:
5269:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5244:
5241:parameter to
5232:
5228:
5224:
5217:
5216:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5196:
5185:
5181:
5178:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5165:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5106:
5100:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5085:Senor Freebie
5081:
5080:
5079:
5078:
5075:
5071:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5016:
5009:
5005:
5001:
4994:
4991:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4969:
4959:
4956:parameter to
4947:
4943:
4939:
4932:
4931:
4925:
4919:
4915:
4911:
4905:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4856:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4791:45.72.141.216
4788:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4763:45.72.141.216
4760:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4735:
4732:parameter to
4723:
4719:
4715:
4708:
4707:
4701:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4649:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4617:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4596:
4592:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4566:31.49.105.253
4559:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4487:
4484:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4435:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4404:
4401:parameter to
4392:
4388:
4384:
4377:
4376:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4322:
4314:
4304:
4298:
4290:
4287:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4251:
4248:
4243:
4240:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4220:(2): 153ā60.
4219:
4215:
4211:
4204:
4201:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4170:
4167:
4162:
4159:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4123:
4120:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4077:
4074:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4038:
4035:
4030:
4024:
4017:
4012:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3992:J. Biol. Chem
3986:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3964:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3925:
3922:
3917:
3911:
3903:
3900:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3874:Behav. Neurol
3871:
3864:
3861:
3856:
3853:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3728:
3724:
3723:peroxynitrite
3720:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3686:
3681:
3674:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3631:Hippuric acid
3625:
3618:
3617:Phenylacetone
3611:
3604:
3597:
3588:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3544:
3538:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3527:
3526:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3508:
3504:
3499:
3495:
3494:phenylacetone
3487:
3478:
3473:
3470:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3450:(2): 404ā16.
3449:
3445:
3441:
3434:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3413:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3268:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2971:
2969:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2888:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2796:
2793:parameter to
2784:
2780:
2776:
2769:
2768:
2762:
2753:
2745:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2680:(5): 457ā66.
2679:
2675:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2634:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2557:Watchthestorm
2553:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2451:Watchthestorm
2447:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2425:Watchthestorm
2421:
2420:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2328:Watchthestorm
2320:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2307:61.69.118.118
2304:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2173:
2170:parameter to
2161:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2145:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:George Carlin
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1893:
1892:Should read:
1890:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1785:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1668:parameter to
1659:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1643:
1637:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1512:neurotoxicity
1511:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1414:
1413:www.drugs.com
1410:
1404:
1401:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1365:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1005:
994:
990:
986:
985:
984:
983:
980:
976:
972:
969:
963:
959:
958:
952:
951:
950:
939:
935:
931:
930:
929:
928:
925:
922:
918:
914:
911:
905:
901:
900:
894:
893:
892:
881:
877:
873:
872:
871:
870:
863:
860:
859:
858:
857:
855:
843:
839:
838:
832:
831:
830:
819:
815:
811:
807:
806:
805:
804:
799:
795:
790:
789:
788:
787:
783:
777:
769:
765:
761:
757:
756:
755:
751:
747:
743:
742:
741:
737:
733:
729:
728:
727:
726:
722:
718:
710:
706:
702:
701:
695:
694:
693:
682:
678:
677:
676:
675:
671:
667:
659:
655:
651:
650:
644:
643:
642:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
611:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
585:
577:
573:
572:
566:
565:
564:
553:
552:
549:
545:
544:
538:
537:
536:
525:
522:
521:
520:
519:
518:
514:
510:
506:
501:
497:
493:
492:124.171.14.72
489:
483:
479:
478:
477:
473:
469:
465:
462:
461:
460:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:
436:
435:
431:
430:
425:
424:
418:
417:
416:
403:
394:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
374:
370:
369:
364:
363:
357:
356:
355:
344:
343:
342:
341:
337:
333:
325:
323:
316:
314:
313:
309:
308:
303:
302:
296:
295:
294:
282:
276:
267:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
239:
226:
225:
224:
223:
220:
216:
215:
210:
209:
203:
202:
201:
190:
186:
185:
184:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
161:
153:
152:
148:
144:
92:
86:
83:
80:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
63:
61:
58:
57:
49:
45:
41:
40:
35:
28:
27:
19:
6326:Cite error:
6321:
6303:
6298:
6276:
6268:
6253:edit request
6223:Alexcalamaro
6218:
6204:
6187:Alexcalamaro
6183:Already done
6182:
6161:
6142:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6130:
6109:
6107:
6085:
6084:
6076:
6055:
6047:
6039:
6031:
6016:edit request
5983:
5963:
5937:āĀ Preceding
5924:Here is for
5914:Here is for
5887:
5865:
5862:
5854:
5839:edit request
5792:
5767:
5759:
5744:edit request
5688:
5661:
5620:
5598:
5574:
5566:
5551:edit request
5515:
5483:96.31.177.52
5480:
5465:
5455:
5451:
5428:
5411:Dr.khatmando
5382:
5355:āĀ Preceding
5352:
5341:Dr.khatmando
5338:
5335:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5305:
5294:
5279:
5267:
5250:
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6077:Partly done
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5901:ā talk page
5692:Busterclark
5580:203.38.38.6
5026:Thenamestom
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3638:Amphetamine
3232:inhibition.
3144:amphetamine
2809:Sincerely,
2492:this review
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1961:TheArcane03
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1680:70.80.73.24
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1579:Extreemator
1519:Extreemator
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6058:Dleitner97
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2887:Jrrichards
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1342:2015-09-01
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1294:2015-09-01
1270:2015-09-01
1248:References
429:Maintained
368:Maintained
307:Maintained
214:Maintained
6334:help page
6110:extensive
5888:Not done:
5866:-that is
5797:corrected
5601:thanks.--
5522:Marialeeg
5184:this tool
5177:this tool
4904:Sizeofint
4885:Sizeofint
4840:(contrib)
4834:Eggishorn
4830:Sizeofint
4826:No action
4808:Sizeofint
4777:Sizeofint
4616:this note
4581:Sizeofint
4544:Sizeofint
4521:promoting
2510:neurons).
2004:The Anome
1493:1878-4216
1201:Sizeofint
760:Sizeofint
666:Sizeofint
619:Sizeofint
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85:ArchiveĀ 7
79:ArchiveĀ 6
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68:ArchiveĀ 4
60:ArchiveĀ 1
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5672:Hog Farm
5369:contribs
5357:unsigned
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5253:Jmspater
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5022:unsigned
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4505:contribs
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4414:Pebaudhi
4361:Edgar181
4289:26834649
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3047:Garzfoth
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166:contribs
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5868:H3K4me1
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5114:my edit
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5050:chemsex
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2282:Insert
2221:Insert
2127:Insert
2041:Insert
1941:Insert
1864:Insert
1838:Insert
1819:(e.g.,
1770:Insert
1712:Insert
1621:Insert
1553:Insert
1337:Findlaw
1233:Insert
1146:Insert
1108:Insert
1091:Removed
1061:Insert
1010:Insert
955:Insert
938:Removed
897:Insert
880:Removed
854:Medical
852:In the
835:Insert
798:RiteAid
711:Unclear
698:Insert
647:Insert
569:Insert
541:Insert
421:Insert
360:Insert
299:Insert
275:Fuse809
256:uploads
238:Brenton
206:Insert
178:uploads
160:Brenton
39:archive
5980:Hitler
5896:Naypta
5713:(talk)
5664:Bingdu
5629:&
5432:Mykhal
5268:potent
4837:(talk)
4525:FRINGE
3444:Neuron
3132:, and
2868:WP:COI
2482:, and
1216:humans
1042:, and
917:is not
866:severe
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441:Boghog
402:Boghog
383:say hi
379:Clr324
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332:Clr324
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2205:Fixed
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1930:Seppi
1925:Fixed
1853:Seppi
1827:Seppi
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1701:Seppi
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1652:This
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1097:Seppi
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814:Fixed
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636:Seppi
558:Seppi
530:Seppi
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349:Seppi
288:Seppi
248:email
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6283:talk
6227:talk
6219:Done
6191:talk
6168:talk
6149:talk
6131:Hi!
6118:talk
6093:talk
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5971:talk
5947:talk
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5809:talk
5778:talk
5696:talk
5676:talk
5639:talk
5607:talk
5599:Done
5584:talk
5526:talk
5502:talk
5487:talk
5436:talk
5415:talk
5390:talk
5365:talk
5345:talk
5257:talk
5089:talk
5030:talk
5000:talk
4990:Done
4975:talk
4914:talk
4889:talk
4870:talk
4812:talk
4795:talk
4781:talk
4767:talk
4752:talk
4673:talk
4606:talk
4585:talk
4570:talk
4560:Lead
4548:talk
4533:talk
4501:talk
4418:talk
4336:talk
4303:link
4286:PMID
4239:PMID
4192:PMID
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3960:PMID
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3852:PMID
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3204:talk
3157:talk
3134:PMID
3127:PMID
3120:PMID
3051:talk
2987:talk
2952:talk
2863:Done
2847:talk
2741:PMID
2690:PMID
2561:talk
2507:GIRK
2455:talk
2383:link
2332:talk
2311:talk
2253:DLM
2247:talk
2190:talk
2103:talk
2068:than
2008:talk
1982:talk
1965:talk
1910:talk
1897:This
1804:talk
1736:talk
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1490:ISSN
1371:2015
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1191:talk
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924:true
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796:and
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670:talk
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464:Done
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