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89:(1185–1333). The principle was that each member would contribute a sum at regular intervals and would receive a single payment when their turn came round; it required mutual trust among those involved. The institution facilitated personal savings, investment in property and enterprise, insurance, personal loans and assistance of poorer people. By the
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when it was implemented in the early 20th century. The system also operated among
Japanese immigrants to the United States and Brazil, helping them in establishing new businesses there. Indeed while it diminished in Japan itself it remained of great importance to overseas Japanese communities.
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has supported savings for leisure mainly in restaurants once a month (e.g., Kimura, 2001). However, in general, it is considered that traditional financial services based on mutual help and solidarity is not necessary anymore. Instead, consumer loans emerged as a new way to borrow money.
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are organized within a workplace or among friends. The members may use the funds built up to finance a trip or a banquet. It is most used by members of social minorities who are less prone to borrow money from financial institutions. The institution has little or no legal status.
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The institution went into decline after World War II, with the further growth of commercial banks and social security and the loosening of community bonds, but still exists in some parts of Japan. During the 1970s there were estimated to be 20–30
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called Moai Cho has been sold in a stationery store (e.g., Editorial Team for
Encyclopedia to Know Okinawa, 2000; Shimokawa, 2006). In Aizu region of Fukushima prefecture,
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developed, but as the banks were reluctant to offer small-scale and personal banking services they did not altogether supersede
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39:(ROSCA) found in Japan. Historically they played a major role in economic life in Japan and among the
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Banking and
Finance in Japan (RLE Banking & Finance): An Introduction to the Tokyo Market
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ACRN Journal of
Finance and Risk Perspectives Special Issue of Social and Sustainable Finance
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293:"A Role of Social Finance by a Cooperative: A Case Study of Green Coop Fukuoka, Japan"
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Voices from the
Canefields: Folksongs from Japanese Immigrant Workers in Hawai'i
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174: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
43:, and still survive on an informal basis in some parts of the country.
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434:. University of California Press. p. 173. GGKEY:A1TPE4UELKE.
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Japan's
Invisible Race: Caste in Culture and Personality
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Migrants and
Identity in Japan and Brazil: The Nikkeijin
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was widespread. During the later 19th century under the
299:, Vol. 4 Issue 3, July 2015, pp. 1–18. ISSN 2305-7394
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groups involving economically better-off members of
347:Melvin Holli; Peter d'Alroy Jones (19 May 1995).
109:, which were incorporated into mutually financed
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205:still functions in certain areas, especially
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428:George A. De Vos; Hiroshi Wagatsuma (1972).
265:The Bond: How to Fix Your Falling-Down World
66:(模合) in Japan. The name may be derived from
353:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 415.
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190:Learn how and when to remove this message
350:Ethnic Chicago: A Multicultural Portrait
452:Rotating savings and credit association
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37:rotating savings and credit association
401:Daniela de Carvalho (27 August 2003).
287:
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268:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 197–8.
213:. For example, in Okinawa prefecture,
35:) ("reliable group") is a variety of
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172:adding citations to reliable sources
374:Kazuo Tatewaki (12 October 2012).
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262:Lynne McTaggart (19 April 2011).
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159:needs additional citations for
113:companies in 1915. Neither was
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217:is active under the name of
58:(頼母子講) has also been called
323:. OUP USA. pp. 34–35.
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472:Economic history of Japan
407:. Routledge. p. 33.
70:meaning begging, or from
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477:Informal economy in Asia
380:. Routledge. p. 9.
117:fully replaced by state
462:Collaborative finance
457:Microfinance in Asia
168:improve this article
72:tayori ni naru mono
291:Sachiko Nakagawa,
74:meaning reliance.
414:978-1-135-78765-3
387:978-1-136-26906-6
360:978-0-8028-7053-7
330:978-0-19-981303-2
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21:Tanomoshi-ko
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19:(also spelt
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239:tanomoshiko
56:Tanomoshiko
17:Tanomoshiko
446:Categories
246:References
180:March 2016
25:Tanomosiko
227:tanomoshi
215:tanomoshi
203:Tanomoshi
128:tanomoshi
115:tanomoshi
107:tanomoshi
95:tanomoshi
83:Tanomoshi
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62:(無尽) or
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211:Okinawa
140:Current
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207:Kyushu
133:Buraku
68:tanomu
237:Most
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111:mujin
103:banks
99:Meiji
60:mujin
409:ISBN
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219:moai
209:and
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47:Name
33:頼母子講
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