Knowledge (XXG)

Template:Cite news

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2742:{{cite news | last1 = | first1 = | author-link1 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | last3 = | first3 = | author-link3 = | last4 = | first4 = | author-link4 = | last5 = | first5 = | author-link5 = | display-authors = | author-mask = | name-list-style = | date = | year = | orig-date = | title = | script-title = | trans-title = | url = | url-status = | format = | editor1-last = | editor1-first = | editor1-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | editor3-last = | editor3-first = | editor3-link = | editor4-last = | editor4-first = | editor4-link = | editor5-last = | editor5-first = | editor5-link = | display-editors = | department = | work = | type = | series = | language = | volume = | issue = | others = | edition = | location = | publisher = | publication-date = | agency = | page = | pages = | at = | no-pp = | arxiv = | asin = | bibcode = | doi = | doi-broken-date = | isbn = | issn = | jfm = | jstor = | lccn = | mr = | oclc = | ol = | osti = | pmc = | pmid = | rfc = | ssrn = | zbl = | id = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = | via = | quote = | postscript = | ref = }} 2752:                                                                                                                                                                                              2747:                                                                                                                                                                                              21: 3073:{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30201172/daily_news/ |title=Czechs honor Yuri |date=30 April 1961 |newspaper=Daily News|access-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402233429/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30201172/daily_news/|archive-date=2 April 2019|url-status=live |agency=Reuters |location=New York |page=35 |via=Newspapers.com |quote=Czech President ] today made visiting Soviet spaceman Yuri Gagarin a 'Hero of Socialist Labor'.|ref=none}} 8073: 7929: 4807:(e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes 92: 2999:{{cite news |last=Pank |first=Philip |date=2013-10-18 |title=Families Accuse Network Rail of Cover-Up |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |url-status=dead |work=The Times |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118173559/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/business/industries/transport/article3897709.ece |archive-date=2014-01-18 |access-date=2013-10-18|ref=none}} 8064: 7918: 52: 8082: 7940: 4825:, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias: 7880:. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to 3038:{{cite news |last=Bourmaud |first=François-Xavier |date=2013-10-17 |title=Hollande dans le bourbier de l'affaire Leonarda |trans-title=Hollande in the quagmire of the Leonarda case |url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2013/10/17/01002-20131017ARTFIG00575-hollande-dans-le-bourbier-de-l-affaire-leonarda.php |language=French |work=Le Figaro |location=Paris |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}} 8286: 7899: 122: 5003:: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher. 5688:: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See 8016:
are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these URL-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read,
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Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A
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fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold. In rare cases, publications carry
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If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to 'dead' if the original URL is broken. If the original URL is 'live' but no longer supports the article text, set to 'deviated'. Set to 'unfit' or 'usurped' if the original URL is
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Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information –
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Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation.
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In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums. These would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers
4532:. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of 2965:{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |title=Bellingham Police Arrest WWU Student in Melee |url=http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2013/10/bellingham-police-arrest-wwu-student-in-melee/ |work=The Seattle Times |agency=Associated Press |date=2013-10-17 |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}} 6083:
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
2931:{{cite news |last=Wolford |first=Ben |date=2013-10-16 |title=Citrus Canker Lawsuit Headed Back to Trial |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/palm-beach/fl-citrus-canker-ruling-20131016,0,7602285.story |work=South Florida Sun-Sentinel |access-date=2013-10-17|ref=none}} 6259:
The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g.
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will be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as
697:, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then 7667:); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation use 6603:. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without 9554:
For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use:
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Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket,
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Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
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Controls the number of author (or other kind of contributor) names that are displayed. By default, all authors are displayed. To change the displayed number of names, set the parameter to the desired number. For example,
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additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
4942:) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution. 5229:: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these: 8378:
Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:
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usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use
7371:: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor. Supports 7162:: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If 3223:
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
7184:: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in 8239:
When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as
4389:: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in 5885:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the 4842:. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one of 660: 5867:– Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in 7859:
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message.
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Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.
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This template formats a citation to a news article in print, video, audio or web using the provided source information (e.g. author, publication, date) and various formatting options.
11789: 11784: 3822:: this parameter is used to hold the name of an organizational author (e.g. a committee) or the complete name (first and last) of a single person; for the latter, prefer the use of 9604:
The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the&nbsp;protocol relative scheme "//..."
5393:, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by 4536:. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form, e.g. 10149:
Identify the aggregator of the resource that provided the digital version (usually a database provider), when it differs from the publisher (e.g., for The Knowledge (XXG) Library)
5150: 5868: 11617: 5941:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.) 5893:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.) 11779: 11510: 9459:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'
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is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use
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no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities, such as vice, reseller and advertising sites; links to
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The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor', and 'editors'
7924:: a free registration with the provider is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registration 7738:
to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with
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when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.
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additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
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Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates.
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An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates
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Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use
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or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g.
3049: 3010: 11996: 11629: 8021:. If the registration/limited/subscription access to the source goes dead and is no longer available, then remove the access-indicator parameter and add 11984: 11835: 11703: 11085: 36: 11607: 4355:
may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotation marks. For titles containing quotation marks, convert regular quotation marks (
7079:). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message. 646: 11794: 10004:
The language in which the source is written, if not English; use a two-letter language code or the full language name. Do not use icons or templates
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As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.
4741:, or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays after 12023: 11980: 5302:: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so 32: 2899: 2870: 8452: 5366:), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert 11939: 11567: 6169: 5650: 4111:
Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of
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Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'
4618:. For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standard 11921: 11840: 6675: 6522: 4834:: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example, 6098:
Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD.
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Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
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Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'
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The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a
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Name of the parent institution or company that publishes the newspaper, magazine, or periodical; displays after name of the publication
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to help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases:
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or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without
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If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."
8486: 8467: 8436: 6629: – if you are unsure of how any particular ISBN should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher. 11602: 11560: 3091: 11845: 7115:
are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for
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target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate
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is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.
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Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically. Usually a number. Do not prepend with no.
7205:: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none. 6979: 2942: 567: 11713: 5995: 11774: 11761: 11078: 5576:
to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
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links to multiple works by the same author in the same year, unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case,
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Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'
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Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Knowledge (XXG) as documented in
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Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'
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number designations (typically one being a year-relative and the other an absolute value), provide them both, for example
3193: 11612: 6316:. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example 4252:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: 12006: 11453: 7651:: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For 4662:: English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after 3069:
A clipped and archived news article that you quote, found on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
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will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other kinds of contributors).
11267: 8515: 5933:.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the 479: 139: 11675: 11624: 7147: 6165: 4326: 99: 2529:
To cite and quote a clipped and archived news article on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
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Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as
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The news agency (wire service) that provided the content; examples: Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse
4410:: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after 1115:
To cite and quote an archived news article clipped with an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
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Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')
4707:. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g. 11323: 11071: 10759:
Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation
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Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'
7511:: title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: 6477: 4329:
styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
3986:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: 3018: 578: 10828:
The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'
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English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets.
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for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
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Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors
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The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'
4975:. Do not use for sources published on the agency's own website; e.g. apnews.com or reuters.com; instead, use 4425:
Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
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If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
447: 332: 249: 78: 4628:: Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in 4578:. If the name of the periodical changed over time use the name at the time of the source's publication. If 74: 12019: 11974: 11442: 11197: 11141: 8507: 8490: 5703: 5695: 5621: 5613: 5211: 5203: 5117: 5109: 4569: 4508:: The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either the 2850:
Help talk:Citation Style 1/Archive 10 § |volume=, |issue=, |page(s)= and cite magazine
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full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the
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When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'
8478:. If there are multiple journals with the same DOI prefix, they can be grouped together with the format 7588: 7372: 7295: 7189: 7101: 7083: 7064: 6207: 5944: 5896: 5404: 5323:
both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.
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International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen
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instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use
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contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be
5826: 7286:. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by 5148:
target multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. (This situation necessitates a
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is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see
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listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
2823: 77:. The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. Consider discussing changes on the 11820: 11376: 10178:
For one publication published in several volumes. Usually a number. Do not prepend with vol. or v.
6467: 4738: 4312:: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write 3204:
As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
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Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')
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An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended
6294:(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: 5859: 5834: 11869: 11830: 11420: 11295: 11113: 9671:
no longer suitable (spam, advertising, etc.) which will make the original link not appear at all.
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to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.
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format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)
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Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'.
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The template is also able to recognize known free-to-read journals, assuming they have a clear
6757:. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example 5086:
templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as
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instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use
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May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient
7659:); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For 6589: 6200:
be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set
5235:– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified; 678: 11891: 11825: 11718: 8072: 7928: 7762: 6997: 6248: 5645: 5565: 4993: 4964: 4465: 5938: 5890: 128: 12038: 11880: 7946:: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source (" 7584: 7564: 7306: 7249: 6863: 5999: 5606:
is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See
5415: 5356: 4854:
is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if
4071: 4051: 3105: 65:
To avoid major disruption and server load, any changes should be tested in the template's
4719:
depending on what is used in the actual publication. If a publication carries both issue
9354:
Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known
11736: 8432: 7559:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to 7146:) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a 6859: 4046:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to 3083: 10119:
Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink
7881: 4574:): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in 12050: 10050:
Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML
9062:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.
6805: 6561: 6437: 6186: 6101: 5825:
are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead
5656: 5641: 5282: 4471: 9137:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.
8837:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.
8687:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.
8162:
For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:
6235:, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an 6128:: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set, 5068:
date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01
11769: 9212:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.
8987:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.
8912:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.
8762:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.
6823: 6243:
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as
6176: 5192:
does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by
5154: 5021: 4615: 10027:
Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case
5678:) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: 5483:: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by 5336:: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either 4938:, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g. 7935:: free access is subject to limited trial and a subscription is normally required 5987:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided.
4703:: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias: 4694:... |work=Zhōngguó piàofáng |script-work=zh:中国票房 |trans-work=China Box Office ... 11931: 6798: 5586:
was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires
4960: 3830:. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Supports 4351:: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Knowledge (XXG) article or 8443:
part of the DOI associated with the registrant can be added to the list under
7835:
is a special case suppressing the display of all authors including the et al.
7555:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to 5952: 4477: 4042:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to 2856:
But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same:
59: 3108:
today made visiting Soviet spaceman Yuri Gagarin a 'Hero of Socialist Labor'.
6564:
identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example
6459: 6449: 5803:
is still 'live' but no-longer supports the text in a Knowledge (XXG) article
5134:
parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the
4884:: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. If 4784: 257: 5553:?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=... 5172:: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the 4542:
at a French-language wiki instead of the English word "Spanish". Aliases:
15: 10736:
A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable
6330:: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: 6279: 5590:; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. 5306:
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
3834:. Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata. 7847:: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period ( 7196:... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ... 6802: 4939: 4822: 4401:... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ... 4364: 3877: 11552: 10411:
International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible
9531:
The title of the article as it appears in the source; displays in quotes
5817:
links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, or other unsuitable
4896:
displays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, following
4811:
newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after
2900:"Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows" 2871:"Microsoft envisions a universal OS, but it might not be called Windows" 7947: 6657: 6429: 6415: 5538:: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by 5385:: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either 5314:: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the 5253:– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format; 4968: 4509: 4197:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each
3881: 3876:
is empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance with
420: 222: 9039:
The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'.
7495:). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use 6208:
Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates
4992:"Knowledge (XXG):Undated" redirects here. For undated signatures, see 4492:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the source named in 3970:. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use 3235:, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. 2961:
A news article released by a news agency and having no credited author
10857:
If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.
9114:
The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'.
8814:
The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'.
8664:
The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'.
8224: 6905: 6679: 6526: 5470: 4916:. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. 9189:
The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'.
8964:
The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'.
8889:
The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'.
8739:
The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'.
6513:. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none. 5644:
snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as
11063: 9819:
Name of the newspaper, magazine or periodical; displays after title
9088:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the seventh author.
3913:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each
60:
approximately 1,660,000 pages, or roughly 3% of all pages
11953: 10270:
An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers
9163:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the eighth author.
8863:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fourth author.
8713:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the second author.
7839:
displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none.
6736: 6276: 3189: 171: 10460:
Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code
9929:
Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'
9781:
The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink
9238:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the ninth author.
9013:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the sixth author.
8938:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fifth author.
8788:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the third author.
8466:
DOI pattern. Once that pattern is identified, it can be added to
7910: 6441: 5910: 4756:
changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation:
7711: 7150:
to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
6683: 6678:; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a 6593: 6530: 6468:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341
5988: 11556: 11067: 7381:: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: 7225:, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in 6462:
id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g.
4512:
language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples:
7188:(if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the 6418:; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 4795:
or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do
116: 86: 46: 10981:
If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.
8583:
The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'.
7278:, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in 3217:|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September) 3180:
By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).
7314:|quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)) 6006:. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with: 7891: 7543:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to 6625:
template within the parameter – in the form
6509:: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at 5937:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include 5889:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include 4030:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to 2798:
the differences between the two templates were eliminated.
10919:
If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.
10888:
If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.
8485:
If you add a free registrant/free journal to the lists in
7655:, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period ( 6192:
templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair
5925:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after 5858:
are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at
5558:
For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see
5463:
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where
5122:
template. See those templates' documentation for details.
4152:: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use 10598:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier
7312:
to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended:
5421:
to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended:
4874:
is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and
10316:
ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US
9755:
Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink
4783:: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The 4294:: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires 3052:[Holland in the Quagmire of the Leonarda Case]. 12000: 10950:
If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.
7973: 7067:
which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as
6196:
has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should
2803: 2764:
column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
699: 11012:
If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.
6917:
parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.
6826:
identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example
5423:|pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)) 5180:). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: 2794:
based on these templates' features. In 2014, however,
10339:
Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters
9285:
number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;
8431:
The template is able to recognize known free-to-read
7595:|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal 6876:
parameter, below; these are two different identifiers
5592:
Not required for linked documents that do not change.
5265:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD 5247:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD 4768:
does not display (and will produce an error message).
4082:|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal 4074:; enclose corporate or institutional author names in 2830:
generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided
2304:
To cite an online news article that has been archived
890:
To cite an online news article that has been archived
10293:
Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters
7082:
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the
5869:
Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown
4963:(wire service) that provided the content; examples: 3935:
parameters to change how many authors are displayed.
2421:
To cite a news article written in a foreign language
1007:
To cite a news article written in a foreign language
11930: 11914: 11859: 11808: 11760: 11727: 11674: 11638: 11590: 11519: 11498: 11432: 11366: 11101: 7337:to include the same format as the source. Aliases: 7287: 7238: 6962:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate 6697:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate 6632:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate 6544:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate 6495:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate 6485: 6164:, especially useful with short-form citations like 5564:Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as 5460: 5456: 5394: 5345: 5157:, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.) 3124:Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters: 1300: 1119: 1011: 894: 810: 720: 709:Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format 622: 606: 590: 574: 555: 539: 523: 507: 491: 475: 459: 443: 427: 408: 392: 376: 360: 344: 328: 312: 296: 280: 264: 245: 229: 210: 194: 178: 159: 8223: 8081: 8063: 7939: 7917: 6510: 6438:http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 3784:: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use 10385:The date that the DOI was determined to be broken 8445:local function build_free_doi_registrants_table() 8255:Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters 6172:. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with 4709:|issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature'' 3248:section near the top of this documentation page. 3050:"Hollande dans le Bourbier de L'affaire Leonarda" 2780:Previously, editors had to decide whether to use 2123:Most commonly used parameters in vertical format 681:for news articles in print, video, audio or web. 4632:(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the 3090:. New York. Reuters. 30 April 1961. p. 35. 9377:Original date of publication; provide specifics 7134:It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link 6892:goes live; if this date is in the future, then 6160:identifies the template as a target and allows 4393:(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the 3840:: Given or first names of author; for example: 2976:"Bellingham Police Arrest WWU Student in Melee" 12057:Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module 8418:that will become available in the future, see 7587:; enclose corporate or institutional names in 7192:to help browsers properly display the script: 7138:to a link also produced by an identifier. The 7127:) for auto-linking or to disable the feature ( 6896:is not linked until that date. Aliases: none. 6842:Office of Scientific and Technical Information 4397:to help browsers properly display the script: 3239:COinS metadata is created for these parameters 2220:To cite a news article with no credited author 806:To cite a news article with no credited author 11568: 11079: 7710:Replaces the name of the (first) author with 7298:to tell the template to display the value of 6721:; do not include "JFM" in the value; example 6717:Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik 5407:to tell the template to display the value of 5034:is required to disambiguate the link targets. 4122:: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use 2130:To cite a news article with a credited author 716:To cite a news article with a credited author 654: 8: 10362:Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' 8529: 8439:. Once a free registrant is identified, the 8033:URL-holding and access-indicator parameters 7960:Access indicators for url-holding parameters 7911:access indicators for url-holding parameters 7015: 6714: 5963:will be supported by all browsers; however, 5911:Access indicators for url-holding parameters 4762:is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes. 4537: 4496:– do not use a web address; do not wikilink. 4367:for guidance in more complex situations. If 3034:A news article written in a foreign language 2943:"Citrus Canker Lawsuit Headed Back to Trial" 151: 8522:in articles based on its TemplateData. 7851:); for no terminating punctuation, specify 6002:. For example, a space must be replaced by 5689: 5607: 5582:: Full date when the content pointed to by 4341:Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters 3880:and use honorifics only in accordance with 12039:pipe trick does not work inside references 11990:Editors can experiment in this template's 11575: 11561: 11553: 11511:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates 11086: 11072: 11064: 8535: 8253: 8031: 7583:: comma separated list of editor names in 6484:. It is checked to ensure it begins with ( 4950:parameters to display access restrictions. 4211:, but not the other way around). Aliases: 4070:: comma-separated list of author names in 3011:"Families Accuse Network Rail of Cover-Up" 661: 647: 10431: 10405: 10204: 9900: 9868: 9813: 9810: 9807: 9804: 9801: 9775: 9749: 9723: 9598: 9479: 9453: 9450: 9447: 9444: 9441: 9415: 9412: 9409: 9406: 9403: 9400: 9397: 9232: 9183: 9157: 9108: 9082: 9033: 9007: 8958: 8932: 8883: 8857: 8808: 8782: 8733: 8707: 8658: 8632: 8629: 8603: 8577: 8574: 8571: 8285: 7898: 7329:: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use 6450:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400 5921:: File format of the work referred to by 5881:: File format of the work referred to by 5692:above for details about interaction with 5651:Knowledge (XXG):Using the Wayback Machine 5610:above for details about interaction with 5130:: Year of publication. The more flexible 4892:) is also defined and is different, then 4530:See the list of supported codes and names 9331:Full date of the source; do not wikilink 7614:may be used for the individual names in 7213:: The number of a single page quoted in 6548:eISSNs using a non-standard format, see 6008: 5991:host-names are currently not supported. 5182:|orig-date=First published 1859 5106:in the style specified by the article's 4428: 4095:may be used for the individual names in 3707: 3680: 3652: 3048:Bourmaud, François-Xavier (2013-10-17). 2723: 2121: 1293:Full parameter set in horizontal format 1291: 707: 12041:, so be sure to insert a full wikilink. 12030: 7905:: the source is free to read for anyone 6701:ISSNs using a non-standard format, see 6636:ISBNs using a non-standard format, see 6088: 5718:: A control parameter to select one of 5272: 4945: 700: 8453:Category:CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI 8451:is not set, it will place the page in 8448: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8370: 8365: 8358: 8353: 8346: 8341: 8334: 8329: 8322: 8317: 8310: 8305: 8298: 8293: 8276: 8271: 8234:Access indicator for named identifiers 8154: 8149: 8142: 8137: 8130: 8125: 8118: 8113: 8106: 8101: 8094: 8089: 8054: 8049: 8026: 8022: 8013: 8009: 8005: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7989: 7892:access indicator for named identifiers 7860: 7856: 7852: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7772: 7660: 7652: 7615: 7594: 7502: 7499: 7496: 7313: 7299: 7291: 7283: 7279: 7275: 7271: 7267: 7256: 7255:to indicate this is intentional (e.g. 7242: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7143: 7139: 7128: 7124: 7120: 7119:to manually select a specific source ( 7116: 7112: 7108: 7087: 7068: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7044: 6966:SBNs using a non-standard format, see 6499:DOIs using a non-standard format, see 6244: 6240: 6201: 6193: 6154: 6129: 6094: 6092: 5855: 5851: 5843: 5822: 5814: 5810: 5800: 5796: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5770: 5766: 5753: 5749: 5727: 5723: 5719: 5675: 5573: 5569: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5500: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5484: 5468: 5464: 5430: 5426: 5422: 5408: 5398: 5390: 5386: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5362:to indicate this is intentional (e.g. 5349: 5341: 5337: 5303: 5217: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5161: 5135: 5131: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5053: 5042: 4727:. Displayed in parentheses following 4724: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4096: 4081: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3827: 3823: 3793: 3757: 3749: 3741: 3733: 3728: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3606: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3421: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3369: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3216: 3210: 3192:metadata in the HTML output, allowing 2841: 2837: 2725:Full parameter set in vertical format 694: 690: 150: 11836:Converting between references formats 11149:short, stand-alone, offline documents 10552:Online Computer Library Center number 7872:Subscription or registration required 7266:: A list or range of pages quoted in 6870:. Do not include "PMC" in the value. 6866:full-text of a journal article, e.g. 6306:Amazon Standard Identification Number 5344:, but not both. Displays preceded by 5259:– as above for month day, year format 5241:– as above for month day, year format 5196:(or, if it exists in the article, by 5142:of the following conditions are met: 4550:Periodical (work, newspaper, website) 4534:Category:CS1 foreign language sources 4526:|language=French, Portuguese 2995:A news article that has been archived 2927:A news article with a credited author 292:short, stand-alone, offline documents 7: 10713:Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier 8542:This template has custom formatting. 8516:See a monthly parameter usage report 7759:. Do not use in a list generated by 6676:International Standard Serial Number 6523:International Standard Serial Number 5066:date; a comment for editors such as 5037:For approximate year, precede with " 4922:: Name of the content deliverer (if 4478:Help:Table § Rendering the pipe 3709:Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters 3196:to retrieve bibliographic metadata. 618:web sources not covered by the above 98:This template can only be edited by 11851:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC 11790:Referencing without using templates 11785:Referencing with citation templates 9698:'dead' if an Archive URL is entered 8181:https://example.com/nifty_data.php 7768: 6801:for looking up publications in the 6650:International Standard Music Number 6627:|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}} 6146: 6135:generates an anchor with the given 5431:|at=pp. 3-1&ndash;3-15 2898:Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). 2869:Silverman, Dwight (July 15, 2011). 10506:Library of Congress Control Number 8119:|contribution-url-access= 7779:) to apply the mask to a specific 7746:—in this case, the value of 7257:|quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12 6755:Library of Congress Control Number 6580:International Standard Book Number 5007:Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates 4263:OR: for multiple translators, use 4171:OR: for multiple translators, use 3930: 636:Citation Style 1 wrapper templates 14: 8487:Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration 8468:Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration 8437:Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration 7878:Verifiability § Access to sources 6908:; use unique identifier; example 5951:URLs must begin with a supported 5186:|orig-date=Composed 1904 5005:For acceptable date formats, see 4737:: Title of a regular department, 3927:, but not the other way around). 3872:; first name will not display if 3094:from the original on 2 April 2019 2834:{{Cite news}} 2820:{{Cite news}} 2813:{{Cite news}} 2792:{{Cite news}} 2775:{{Cite news}} 2760:If a field name is listed in the 9848:Department within the periodical 8472:local extended_registrants_t = { 8455:, which is routinely cleared by 8284: 8080: 8071: 8062: 7938: 7927: 7916: 7897: 7887:Four access levels can be used: 7663:, element separator is a comma ( 7591:. End with etal if appropriate: 6290:(April 2007 – December 2014) or 6118: 5542:can be found. Cannot be used if 5522: 4983:. May be wikilinked if relevant. 4078:. End with etal if appropriate: 3211:|date=27 September 2007 2846:{{Cite web}} 2828:{{Cite web}} 2815:have the following differences: 2809:{{Cite web}} 2771:{{Cite web}} 120: 90: 50: 19: 11841:Reference display customization 10690:Social Science Research Network 10529:Mathematical Reviews identifier 7302:without processing it, and use 7026:For zbMATH search results like 6980:Social Science Research Network 6739:reference number; for example: 6432:id, as in the entire DOI (e.g. 5411:without processing it, and use 5052:For no date, or "undated", use 4804: 4590:(if available) of the title in 4379:(if available) of the title in 3654:What's new or changed recently 7837:|display-authors=etal 7518:OR: for multiple editors, use 7420:OR: for multiple editors, use 7174:(if available) of the text in 6442:https://doi.org/10.1101/078733 6162:wikilinking to full references 5786:is preemptively archived with 5630:by registered editors. Alias: 4001:OR: for multiple authors, use 3887:OR: for multiple authors, use 3682:Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters 3302:|script-contribution= 2982:. Associated Press. 2013-10-17 1: 11608:Biographies of living persons 8155:|section-url-access= 8107:|chapter-url-access= 8095:|article-url-access= 7373:accept-this-as-written markup 7065:accept-this-as-written markup 5216:template), or as used in the 4359:) to single quotation marks ( 4144:accept-this-as-written markup 3832:accept-this-as-written markup 3194:reference management software 693:have upper-case aliases like 11544:Citation Style 1 noticeboard 11530:Citation Style documentation 10621:PubMed Center article number 7882:verifying claims in articles 7769:<references /> 6239:as applicable. For example, 6145:attribute in the citation's 5996:citation template parameters 5674:. By default (overridden by 5372:|pages=3{{ndash}}12 5364:|page=3{{hyphen}}12 4803:parameter for the name of a 3792:or one of its aliases (e.g. 3344:|publication-place= 3102:– via Newspapers.com. 11960:for background information. 11846:References and page numbers 11780:Introduction to referencing 11584:Knowledge (XXG) referencing 10667:Request for Comments number 9611:https://www.nytimes.com/... 8131:|entry-url-access= 8114:|contribution-url= 8002:|contribution-url= 7833:|display-authors=0 7829:|display-authors=2 7497:|editor-first1=... 6912: 6871: 6587: 6245:|id={{NCJ|122967}} 6221: 6205: 6099: 5942: 5908: 5894: 5833:. Bot help is available at 5759:Accepts multiple keywords: 5690:"Automatic date formatting" 5659: 5648: 5608:"Automatic date formatting" 5557: 5280: 5092:|publication-date= 5004: 4943: 4475: 4338: 3928: 3435:|contribution-url= 3365:|publication-date= 3197: 3009:Pank, Philip (2013-10-18). 2941:Wolford, Ben (2013-10-16). 2736:Brief instructions / notes 677:template is used to create 12083: 12067:Citation Style 1 templates 12062:Templates generating COinS 11964: 11795:Referencing dos and don'ts 11506:Citation Style 1 templates 8525:TemplateData for Cite news 8506:for this template used by 8493:so the bot knows about it. 8480:= {'YYYY', 'ZZZZ', '...'}, 7981: 7963: 7500:|editor-last1=... 6967: 6702: 6637: 6549: 6500: 6219: 6116: 5769:omitted or empty) selects 5765:– (default condition when 5465:|page=Front cover 4991: 4821:: For news stories with a 3698:none deprecated at present 3464:|author#-surname= 3460:|author-surname#= 3245: 2947:South Florida Sun-Sentinel 12024:Subpages of this template 11940:Parenthetical referencing 11775:Citations quick reference 11742:Punctuation and footnotes 11541: 8548: 8449:|doi-access=free 8364: 8352: 8340: 8328: 8316: 8304: 8292: 8280: 8277:|bibcode-access= 8270: 8265: 8262: 8259: 8148: 8143:|map-url-access= 8136: 8124: 8112: 8100: 8088: 8058: 8048: 8043: 8040: 8037: 7988:Online sources linked by 7853:|postscript=none 7575:forms of name parameters. 7129:|title-link=none 7016: 6862:; use article number for 6478:Digital object identifier 6446:10.1101/2020.07.24.220400 6170:parenthetical referencing 6046: 6041: 6038: 6035: 6032: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6014: 6011: 5929:. (For media format, use 5676:|url-status=live 5517:used in conjunction with 5076:Automatic date formatting 4934:is not a replacement for 4878:is shown after the title. 4464: 4418:parameter is recommended. 4327:parenthetical referencing 4314:Illustrated by John Smith 4204:requires a corresponding 4062:forms of name parameters. 3920:requires a corresponding 3669: 3456:|author-surname= 3326:|script-section= 3318:|script-article= 3294:|script-chapter= 642: 629:Specific-source templates 81:before implementing them. 73:subpages, or in your own 58:This template is used on 11958:COinS in Knowledge (XXG) 11694:Citation Style Vancouver 10972:OpenLibrary access level 10644:PubMed Unique Identifier 8164: 7190:supported language codes 7125:|title-link=doi 7121:|title-link=pmc 7086:using the corresponding 6308:; if first character of 6220:Not to be confused with 6117:Not to be confused with 5662:Help:Using archive.today 4634:supported language codes 4518:|lang=fr, pt-br 4395:supported language codes 3529:|author#-given= 3525:|author-given#= 3517:|author#-first= 3513:|author-first#= 3281:|encyclopaedia= 3161:—may be used instead of 3137:—may be used instead of 3017:. London. Archived from 2826:(paper) sources whereas 2532: 2424: 2307: 2223: 2133: 11952:This template produces 11922:Knowledge (XXG) Library 11591:Policies and guidelines 10575:Open Library identifier 9894:Location of publication 8371:|s2cid-access= 8323:|jstor-access= 8027:|archive-date= 8017:they are not marked as 7567:when the lists use the 7563:displays name lists in 7237:. Displays preceded by 6286:(before April 2007) or 6241:|id=NCJ 122967 5100:|archive-date= 4711:. Please choose either 4054:when the lists use the 4050:displays name lists in 3521:|author-given= 3509:|author-first= 3452:|author#-last= 3448:|author-last#= 3335:|script-title= 3310:|script-entry= 3298:|contribution= 3277:|encyclopedia= 2241:<!--not stated--> 827:<!--not stated--> 12018:Add categories to the 11975:Template:Cite news/doc 11860:Template documentation 11800:Citing Knowledge (XXG) 8491:User talk:Citation bot 8359:|ssrn-access= 8347:|osti-access= 8150:|section-url= 8102:|chapter-url= 8090:|article-url= 8023:|archive-url= 8014:|section-url= 7998:|chapter-url= 7994:|article-url= 7300:|quote-pages= 7276:|quote-pages= 7223:|quote-pages= 6715: 6312:value is a digit, use 6237:external link template 5844:|archive-url= 5811:|archive-url= 5797:|archive-url= 5788:|archive-url= 5771:|archive-url= 5754:|archive-url= 5724:|archive-url= 5515:|quote-pages= 5096:|access-date= 5043:|date=c. 1900 4725:|issue=2 #143 4538: 4522:|lang=Russian 3444:|author-last= 3439:|section-url= 3431:|chapter-url= 3422:|institution= 3408:|quote-pages= 519:audio or video serials 372:magazines, periodicals 190:audio and visual media 24:Template documentation 8435:, based on a list in 8426:Tracking of free DOIs 8311:|hdl-access= 8299:|doi-access= 8055:|url-access= 7861:|postscript= 7857:|postscript= 7503:|editor2=... 7391:Dr. Firstname M., Sr. 7272:|quote-page= 7245:. If hyphenated, use 7219:|quote-page= 7144:|title-link= 7117:|title-link= 7113:|title-link= 6284:|arxiv=hep-th/9205027 5767:|url-status= 5511:|quote-page= 5425:. Alternatively, use 5352:. If hyphenated, use 5304:|edition=2nd 4745:and is in plain text. 4514:|language=ru 3978:|author2=... 3794:|author=Bono 3687:Deprecated parameter 3607:|message-id= 3404:|quote-page= 3339:|book-title= 3285:|dictionary= 3253:|periodical= 3200:Knowledge (XXG):COinS 3188:This template embeds 11630:Scientific citations 11603:No original research 11219:public mailing lists 10848:Bibcode access level 10087:Place of publication 9555:|script-title=ja:... 8394:|citeseerx= 8335:|ol-access= 8225:"Nifty example data" 8126:|entry-url= 8029:values if possible. 8006:|entry-url= 7809:display-interviewers 7797:display-contributors 7730:em spaces wide; set 7618:, as described above 7393:Do not wikilink—use 7383:Firstname Middlename 7063:) support a special 6949:Standard Book Number 6931:Request for Comments 6781:Mathematical Reviews 6686:or a space; example 6594:ISBN § Overview 6590:Knowledge (XXG):ISBN 6533:or a space; example 6482:10.1038/news070508-7 5198:|cs1-dates= 5190:|orig-date= 5104:|orig-date= 4973:Agence France-Presse 3972:|first1=... 3852:Do not wikilink—use 3842:Firstname Middlename 3567:|citeseerx= 3418:|publisher= 3261:|newspaper= 2906:. Hearst Corporation 2877:. Hearst Corporation 388:public mailing lists 324:radio or TV episodes 206:AV media liner notes 127:This template uses 11747:Shortened footnotes 11454:Cite AV media notes 11433:Audiovisual-related 11289:unpublished reports 11057: 9795:Name of publication 9345:Year of publication 8545: 8538:Template parameters 8256: 8034: 7821:display-translators 7757:shortened footnotes 7722:to a numeric value 7616:|veditors= 7589:doubled parentheses 7292:|no-pp=yes 7243:|no-pp=yes 7000:corpus ID; example 6420:1974AJ.....79..819H 6153:HTML tag). Setting 5945:Using |format= 5897:Using |format= 5399:|no-pp=yes 5368:|page=3-12 5350:|no-pp=yes 5328:In-source locations 5146:Shortened footnotes 5102:, etc.) except for 5054:|date=n.d. 5016:Shortened footnotes 4323:shortened footnotes 4156:instead. Aliases: 4126:instead. Aliases: 4097:|vauthors= 4076:doubled parentheses 3975:|last1=... 3758:|vauthors= 3710: 3683: 3655: 3648: 3496:|subject#= 3480:|surname#= 3352:|location= 3265:|magazine= 3165:(and is ignored if 3150:(and is ignored if 3084:"Czechs honor Yuri" 2726: 2124: 1294: 710: 199:Cite AV media notes 156: 136:Module:Citation/CS1 11762:Help for beginners 11714:Citation templates 11666:Referencing styles 11367:Preprint templates 11268:Cite press release 11163:edited collections 10941:Jstor access level 8536: 8534: 8520:Template:Cite news 8489:, leave a note at 8399:|medrxiv= 8389:|biorxiv= 8272:|bibcode= 8254: 8218:which renders as: 8211:Nifty example data 8138:|map-url= 8032: 8010:|map-url= 7661:|mode=cs2 7653:|mode=cs1 7397:instead. Aliases: 7296:double parentheses 6470:). Aliases: none. 6452:). Aliases: none. 6202:|ref=none 6194:|ref=harv 6119:§ Identifiers 5935:external link icon 5887:external link icon 5491:. Use only one of 5405:double parentheses 5220:parameter. Alias: 5138:parameter, unless 4908:) is not defined, 4866:are defined, then 4840:The Times of India 4809:The New York Times 4128:translator-surname 4099:as described above 3856:instead. Aliases: 3729:|authors= 3708: 3681: 3653: 3563:|biorxiv= 3559:|bibcode= 3492:|subject= 3488:|author#= 3476:|surname= 3413:|edition= 3374:|version= 3322:|section= 3314:|article= 3290:|chapter= 3273:|website= 3257:|journal= 3146:—may be used with 3056:(in French). Paris 2724: 2122: 1292: 708: 480:Cite press release 308:edited collections 241:books and chapters 11948: 11947: 11752:Nesting footnotes 11656:Combining sources 11550: 11549: 11331:technical reports 11261:online newsgroups 11212:Cite mailing list 11191:academic journals 11156:Cite encyclopedia 11135:conference papers 11056: 11055: 11003:OSTI access level 10091:publication-place 9435:Editor first name 8561: 8530: 8514:and other tools. 8457:User:Citation bot 8376: 8375: 8266:Allowed keywords 8160: 8159: 8044:Allowed keywords 7018:Zentralblatt MATH 6654:979-0-9016791-7-7 6584:978-0-8126-9593-9 6422:. Aliases: none. 6406:. Aliases: none. 6292:|arxiv=1501.00001 6233:unique identifier 6204:. Aliases: none. 6147:<cite id=" 6081: 6080: 5752:when there is no 4876:publication-place 4856:publication-place 4844:publication-place 4832:publication-place 4717:|number= 4650:script-periodical 4484: 4483: 4321:Note: When using 4217:translator1-first 4177:translator-first1 4166:translator-first1 4162:translator1-first 3768: 3767: 3714:Removed parameter 3706: 3705: 3674: 3673: 3579:|eprint= 3550:|degree= 3545:|given#= 3537:|first#= 3484:|author= 3387:|number= 3379:|volume= 3370:|series= 2980:The Seattle Times 2919: 2918: 2904:Houston Chronicle 2875:Houston Chronicle 2844:parameters while 2842:|volume= 2769:Choosing between 2757: 2756: 2719: 2718: 2117: 2116: 1287: 1286: 671: 670: 586:technical reports 455:online newsgroups 381:Cite mailing list 356:academic journals 301:Cite encyclopedia 276:conference papers 149: 148: 115: 114: 108:cascade-protected 106:onto one or more 85: 84: 12074: 12042: 12035: 12015: 12004: 11988: 11907: 11901: 11896: 11890: 11885: 11879: 11874: 11868: 11816:Cite link labels 11729:Inline citations 11719:Reflist template 11689:Citation Style 2 11684:Citation Style 1 11613:Reliable sources 11577: 11570: 11563: 11554: 11534: 11528: 11491: 11485: 11480: 11474: 11469: 11463: 11458: 11452: 11447: 11441: 11425: 11419: 11414: 11408: 11403: 11397: 11392: 11386: 11381: 11375: 11356: 11350: 11342: 11336: 11328: 11324:Cite tech report 11322: 11314: 11308: 11300: 11294: 11286: 11280: 11272: 11266: 11258: 11252: 11244: 11238: 11230: 11224: 11216: 11210: 11202: 11196: 11188: 11182: 11174: 11168: 11160: 11154: 11146: 11140: 11132: 11126: 11118: 11112: 11095:Citation Style 1 11088: 11081: 11074: 11065: 11039: 11021: 11016:Suggested values 11008: 10990: 10985:Suggested values 10977: 10959: 10954:Suggested values 10946: 10928: 10923:Suggested values 10915: 10910:HDL access level 10897: 10892:Suggested values 10884: 10879:DOI access level 10866: 10861:Suggested values 10853: 10824: 10801: 10778: 10773:Translated quote 10755: 10732: 10709: 10686: 10663: 10640: 10617: 10594: 10571: 10548: 10525: 10502: 10483:JSTOR identifier 10479: 10456: 10433: 10430: 10407: 10404: 10381: 10358: 10335: 10312: 10289: 10266: 10261:arXiv identifier 10248: 10235: 10206: 10203: 10174: 10145: 10127: 10115: 10114:publication-date 10110:Publication date 10092: 10069: 10046: 10023: 10000: 9977: 9948: 9925: 9902: 9899: 9870: 9867: 9844: 9815: 9812: 9809: 9806: 9803: 9800: 9777: 9774: 9751: 9748: 9725: 9722: 9704:'dead' or 'live' 9692: 9689: 9686: 9683: 9680: 9675:Suggested values 9666: 9648: 9645: 9642: 9637:Suggested values 9629: 9624:URL access level 9600: 9597: 9574: 9569:Translated title 9550: 9527: 9504: 9481: 9478: 9455: 9452: 9449: 9446: 9443: 9440: 9417: 9414: 9411: 9408: 9405: 9402: 9399: 9396: 9391:Editor last name 9373: 9350: 9327: 9304: 9281: 9257: 9234: 9231: 9208: 9185: 9182: 9159: 9156: 9133: 9110: 9107: 9084: 9081: 9058: 9035: 9032: 9009: 9006: 8983: 8960: 8957: 8934: 8931: 8908: 8885: 8882: 8859: 8856: 8833: 8810: 8807: 8784: 8781: 8758: 8735: 8732: 8709: 8706: 8683: 8660: 8657: 8634: 8631: 8628: 8605: 8602: 8579: 8576: 8573: 8570: 8562: 8546: 8543: 8481: 8477: 8474:with the format 8465: 8464:10.xxxx/yyyy.... 8450: 8442: 8420:pmc-embargo-date 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8384:|arxiv= 8372: 8367: 8366:|s2cid= 8360: 8355: 8348: 8343: 8336: 8331: 8324: 8319: 8318:|jstor= 8312: 8307: 8300: 8295: 8288: 8287: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8257: 8250: 8246: 8242: 8229: 8227: 8214: 8210: 8207: 8204: 8200: 8197: 8194: 8190: 8187: 8184: 8180: 8177: 8174: 8171: 8168: 8156: 8151: 8144: 8139: 8132: 8127: 8120: 8115: 8108: 8103: 8096: 8091: 8084: 8083: 8079: 8075: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8065: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8035: 8028: 8024: 8020: 8015: 8011: 8007: 8003: 7999: 7995: 7991: 7976: 7945: 7942: 7941: 7934: 7931: 7930: 7923: 7920: 7919: 7904: 7901: 7900: 7862: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7838: 7834: 7830: 7815:display-subjects 7778: 7770: 7766: 7726:to set the dash 7693:interviewer-mask 7681:contributor-mask 7666: 7662: 7658: 7654: 7617: 7596: 7574: 7570: 7562: 7558: 7554: 7550: 7546: 7504: 7501: 7498: 7315: 7311: 7305: 7301: 7293: 7289: 7285: 7281: 7280:|pages= 7277: 7273: 7269: 7268:|quote= 7258: 7254: 7248: 7244: 7240: 7236: 7232: 7231:|pages= 7228: 7224: 7220: 7216: 7215:|quote= 7197: 7166:is defined, use 7148:convenience link 7145: 7141: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7110: 7106: 7100: 7093: 7092:>-access= 7078: 7062: 7058: 7054: 7050: 7049:|eissn= 7046: 7033: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7020: 7003: 6998:Semantic Scholar 6985: 6954: 6953:|sbn=356-02201-3 6936: 6918: 6911: 6886:pmc-embargo-date 6877: 6869: 6847: 6829: 6811: 6786: 6768: 6764: 6763:|lccn=2004042477 6760: 6742: 6724: 6720: 6689: 6655: 6628: 6624: 6618: 6597: 6585: 6567: 6566:|hdl=20.1000/100 6536: 6535:|eissn=1557-2986 6487: 6483: 6465: 6447: 6435: 6421: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6365: 6361: 6357: 6353: 6349: 6345: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6319: 6318:|asin=B00005N5PF 6293: 6289: 6288:|arxiv=0706.0001 6285: 6267: 6263: 6246: 6242: 6211: 6203: 6195: 6191: 6185: 6181: 6175: 6159: 6152: 6144: 6140: 6134: 6106: 6105: 6096: 6009: 6005: 5986: 5982: 5978: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5958: 5947: 5913: 5899: 5866: 5857: 5853: 5846:; used when the 5845: 5841: 5824: 5816: 5812: 5808: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5729: 5728:|title= 5725: 5721: 5707: 5699: 5677: 5665: 5654: 5646:Internet Archive 5640:: The URL of an 5628:hidden or styled 5625: 5617: 5575: 5571: 5563: 5555: 5554: 5549: 5520: 5519:|quote= 5516: 5512: 5502: 5498: 5497:|pages= 5494: 5490: 5489:|pages= 5486: 5473: 5469:|pages= 5466: 5462: 5458: 5455:to suppress the 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5414: 5410: 5409:|pages= 5400: 5396: 5392: 5391:|pages= 5388: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5342:|pages= 5339: 5305: 5287: 5286: 5277: 5264: 5258: 5252: 5246: 5240: 5234: 5219: 5215: 5207: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5163: 5153: 5137: 5133: 5121: 5113: 5105: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5080:Citation Style 1 5077: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5055: 5044: 5040: 5025: 5010: 4994:Template:Undated 4965:Associated Press 4951: 4912:is displayed as 4910:publication-date 4894:publication-date 4882:publication-date 4836:The Boston Globe 4726: 4718: 4714: 4713:|issue= 4710: 4695: 4684:trans-periodical 4642:script-newspaper 4582:is defined, use 4573: 4565: 4541: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4507: 4480: 4466:{{bracket|text}} 4457: 4429: 4402: 4371:is defined, use 4344: 4276:translator1-link 4265:translator-link1 4258:translator1-link 4254:translator-link1 4213:translator1-last 4199:translator-first 4188:translator-first 4173:translator-last1 4158:translator-given 4150:translator-first 4140:translator-last1 4136:translator1-last 4107: 4098: 4083: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3936: 3850:Firstname M. Sr. 3829: 3825: 3824:|first= 3795: 3759: 3755: 3747: 3739: 3730: 3711: 3684: 3656: 3644: 3640: 3639:|s2cid= 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3599:|jstor= 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3575:|eissn= 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3555:|arxiv= 3551: 3546: 3542: 3541:|given= 3538: 3534: 3533:|first= 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3505: 3504:|host#= 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3472:|last#= 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3396:|pages= 3393: 3388: 3384: 3383:|issue= 3380: 3375: 3371: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3353: 3349: 3348:|place= 3345: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3331:|title= 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3306:|entry= 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3219: 3218: 3213: 3212: 3203: 3110: 3104:Czech President 3101: 3099: 3074: 3064: 3062: 3061: 3039: 3029: 3027: 3026: 3000: 2990: 2988: 2987: 2966: 2956: 2954: 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11805: 11803: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11770:Reference-tags 11766: 11764: 11758: 11757: 11755: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11733: 11731: 11725: 11724: 11722: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11680: 11678: 11676:Citing sources 11672: 11671: 11669: 11668: 11663: 11658: 11653: 11648: 11642: 11640: 11639:General advice 11636: 11635: 11633: 11632: 11627: 11625:Citing sources 11622: 11621: 11620: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11594: 11592: 11588: 11587: 11582: 11580: 11579: 11572: 11565: 11557: 11548: 11547: 11542: 11539: 11538: 11536: 11535: 11523: 11521: 11517: 11516: 11514: 11513: 11508: 11502: 11500: 11496: 11495: 11493: 11492: 11481: 11470: 11459: 11448: 11436: 11434: 11430: 11429: 11427: 11426: 11415: 11404: 11399:Cite CiteSeerX 11393: 11382: 11370: 11368: 11364: 11363: 11361: 11360: 11357: 11346: 11343: 11332: 11329: 11318: 11315: 11304: 11303:signs, plaques 11301: 11290: 11287: 11276: 11275:press releases 11273: 11262: 11259: 11254:Cite newsgroup 11248: 11245: 11234: 11231: 11220: 11217: 11206: 11203: 11192: 11189: 11178: 11175: 11170:Cite interview 11164: 11161: 11150: 11147: 11136: 11133: 11122: 11119: 11107: 11105: 11099: 11098: 11093: 11091: 11090: 11083: 11076: 11068: 11061: 11058: 11054: 11053: 11050: 11047: 11046: 11040: 11035: 11031: 11030: 11027: 11024: 11023: 11022: 11017: 11009: 11004: 11000: 10999: 10996: 10993: 10992: 10991: 10986: 10978: 10973: 10969: 10968: 10965: 10962: 10961: 10960: 10955: 10947: 10942: 10938: 10937: 10934: 10931: 10930: 10929: 10924: 10916: 10911: 10907: 10906: 10903: 10900: 10899: 10898: 10893: 10885: 10880: 10876: 10875: 10872: 10869: 10868: 10867: 10862: 10854: 10852:bibcode-access 10849: 10845: 10844: 10841: 10838: 10837: 10836: 10833: 10825: 10820: 10816: 10815: 10812: 10809: 10808: 10802: 10797: 10793: 10792: 10789: 10786: 10785: 10779: 10774: 10770: 10769: 10766: 10763: 10762: 10756: 10751: 10747: 10746: 10743: 10740: 10739: 10733: 10728: 10724: 10723: 10720: 10717: 10716: 10710: 10705: 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9693: 9676: 9667: 9662: 9658: 9657: 9654: 9651: 9650: 9649: 9638: 9630: 9625: 9621: 9620: 9617: 9614: 9613: 9612: 9609: 9601: 9593: 9589: 9588: 9585: 9582: 9581: 9575: 9570: 9566: 9565: 9562: 9559: 9558: 9551: 9546: 9542: 9541: 9538: 9535: 9534: 9528: 9523: 9519: 9518: 9515: 9512: 9511: 9505: 9500: 9496: 9495: 9492: 9489: 9488: 9482: 9474: 9470: 9469: 9466: 9463: 9462: 9456: 9436: 9432: 9431: 9428: 9425: 9424: 9418: 9404:editor-surname 9392: 9388: 9387: 9384: 9381: 9380: 9374: 9369: 9365: 9364: 9361: 9358: 9357: 9351: 9346: 9342: 9341: 9338: 9335: 9334: 9328: 9323: 9319: 9318: 9315: 9312: 9311: 9305: 9300: 9296: 9295: 9292: 9289: 9288: 9282: 9277: 9273: 9272: 9269: 9266: 9265: 9258: 9253: 9249: 9248: 9245: 9242: 9241: 9235: 9227: 9223: 9222: 9219: 9216: 9215: 9209: 9204: 9200: 9199: 9196: 9193: 9192: 9186: 9178: 9174: 9173: 9170: 9167: 9166: 9160: 9152: 9148: 9147: 9144: 9141: 9140: 9134: 9129: 9125: 9124: 9121: 9118: 9117: 9111: 9103: 9099: 9098: 9095: 9092: 9091: 9085: 9077: 9073: 9072: 9069: 9066: 9065: 9059: 9054: 9050: 9049: 9046: 9043: 9042: 9036: 9028: 9024: 9023: 9020: 9017: 9016: 9010: 9002: 8998: 8997: 8994: 8991: 8990: 8984: 8979: 8975: 8974: 8971: 8968: 8967: 8961: 8953: 8949: 8948: 8945: 8942: 8941: 8935: 8927: 8923: 8922: 8919: 8916: 8915: 8909: 8904: 8900: 8899: 8896: 8893: 8892: 8886: 8878: 8874: 8873: 8870: 8867: 8866: 8860: 8852: 8848: 8847: 8844: 8841: 8840: 8834: 8829: 8825: 8824: 8821: 8818: 8817: 8811: 8803: 8799: 8798: 8795: 8792: 8791: 8785: 8777: 8773: 8772: 8769: 8766: 8765: 8759: 8754: 8750: 8749: 8746: 8743: 8742: 8736: 8728: 8724: 8723: 8720: 8717: 8716: 8710: 8702: 8698: 8697: 8694: 8691: 8690: 8684: 8679: 8675: 8674: 8671: 8668: 8667: 8661: 8653: 8649: 8648: 8645: 8642: 8641: 8635: 8624: 8620: 8619: 8616: 8613: 8612: 8606: 8598: 8594: 8593: 8590: 8587: 8586: 8580: 8566: 8560: 8559: 8556: 8553: 8550: 8508:TemplateWizard 8501: 8499: 8496: 8495: 8494: 8483: 8460: 8427: 8424: 8414:For embargoed 8412: 8411: 8409:|rfc= 8406: 8404:|pmc= 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Alias: none. 7260: 7208: 7207: 7206: 7200: 7199: 7198: 7155: 7152: 7142:parameter (or 7140:|url= 7109:|url= 7089: 7074: 7070: 7061:|sbn= 7045:|doi= 7040: 7039: 7028:JFM 35.0387.02 7009: 6991: 6973: 6972: 6971: 6942: 6924: 6910:|pmid=17322060 6899: 6898: 6897: 6860:PubMed Central 6853: 6835: 6817: 6792: 6774: 6759:|lccn=79-57364 6748: 6741:|jstor=3793107 6730: 6708: 6707: 6706: 6669: 6643: 6642: 6641: 6630: 6606: 6573: 6555: 6554: 6553: 6516: 6515: 6514: 6504: 6471: 6464:10.1.1.176.341 6453: 6434:10.1101/078733 6423: 6409: 6408: 6407: 6299: 6257: 6256: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6212: 6156: 6155:|ref= 6148: 6137: 6131: 6130:|ref= 6114: 6111: 6108: 6107: 6087: 6086: 6079: 6078: 6075: 6072: 6069: 6066: 6063: 6060: 6057: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6044: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6016: 6013: 5949: 5948: 5916: 5915: 5914: 5902: 5901: 5900: 5879:archive-format 5876: 5875: 5874: 5873: 5872: 5862: 5856:|url= 5852:|url= 5837: 5823:|url= 5815:|url= 5804: 5801:|url= 5790: 5784:|url= 5780:|url= 5773: 5750:|url= 5736: 5720:|url= 5713: 5635: 5548:#ixzz2rBr3aO94 5531: 5528: 5527: 5526: 5507: 5477: 5476: 5475: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5379: 5329: 5326: 5325: 5324: 5308: 5307: 5295: 5292: 5289: 5288: 5271: 5270: 5269: 5268: 5267: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5224: 5167: 5166: 5165: 5158: 5141: 5124: 5123: 5072: 5071: 5056: 5047: 5046: 5041:", like this: 5035: 5012: 5011: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4984: 4953: 4952: 4917: 4879: 4829: 4816: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4776: 4773: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4769: 4763: 4749: 4748: 4747: 4746: 4732: 4698: 4697: 4696: 4680:trans-magazine 4657: 4654:script-website 4638:script-journal 4551: 4548: 4547: 4546: 4500: 4499: 4498: 4497: 4482: 4481: 4470:&#124; or 4468: 4463: 4460: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4443: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4427: 4426: 4422: 4421: 4420: 4419: 4405: 4404: 4403: 4360: 4356: 4335: 4332: 4331: 4330: 4318: 4317: 4307: 4289: 4288: 4287: 4281: 4270: 4261: 4247: 4242: 4230: 4222: 4207: 4200: 4189: 4182: 4169: 4117: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4085: 4084: 4065: 4064: 4063: 4025: 4019: 4008: 3999: 3981: 3966: 3955: 3948: 3923: 3916: 3905: 3898: 3885: 3835: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3751: 3743: 3735: 3731: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3695: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3650: 3647: 3646: 3645: 3643:|zbl= 3631:|rfc= 3623:|pmc= 3595:|jfm= 3583:|hdl= 3571:|doi= 3552: 3547: 3506: 3441: 3427:|url= 3424: 3415: 3410: 3389: 3376: 3367: 3354: 3341: 3328: 3287: 3240: 3237: 3221: 3220: 3185: 3182: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3172: 3171: 3170: 3155: 3131: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3112: 3111: 3079: 3078: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3065: 3044: 3043: 3040: 3035: 3031: 3030: 3005: 3004: 3001: 2996: 2992: 2991: 2971: 2970: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2957: 2937: 2936: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2895: 2888: 2887: 2866: 2854: 2853: 2848:does not (See 2831: 2777: 2767: 2766: 2765: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2717: 2716: 2533: 2531: 2530: 2425: 2423: 2422: 2308: 2306: 2305: 2224: 2222: 2221: 2134: 2132: 2131: 2115: 2114: 2113: 2112: 1285: 1284: 1117: 1116: 1009: 1008: 892: 891: 808: 807: 718: 717: 686: 683: 669: 668: 666: 665: 658: 651: 643: 640: 639: 624: 620: 619: 616: 604: 603: 600: 588: 587: 584: 572: 571: 565: 553: 552: 549: 537: 536: 535:signs, plaques 533: 521: 520: 517: 505: 504: 501: 489: 488: 487:press releases 485: 473: 472: 469: 457: 456: 453: 448:Cite newsgroup 441: 440: 437: 425: 424: 418: 406: 405: 402: 390: 389: 386: 374: 373: 370: 358: 357: 354: 342: 341: 338: 333:Cite interview 326: 325: 322: 310: 309: 306: 294: 293: 290: 278: 277: 274: 262: 261: 255: 250:Cite CiteSeerX 243: 242: 239: 227: 226: 220: 208: 207: 204: 192: 191: 188: 176: 175: 169: 147: 146: 144: 143: 132: 125: 113: 112: 102:because it is 100:administrators 97: 95: 83: 82: 55: 17: 16: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12079: 12068: 12065: 12063: 12060: 12058: 12055: 12054: 12052: 12040: 12034: 12031: 12025: 12021: 12013: 12008: 12002: 11998: 11993: 11986: 11982: 11976: 11972: 11968: 11967:documentation 11962: 11961: 11959: 11955: 11941: 11938: 11937: 11935: 11933: 11929: 11923: 11920: 11919: 11917: 11913: 11904: 11898: 11893: 11887: 11882: 11876: 11871: 11865: 11864: 11862: 11858: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11831:Cite messages 11829: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11813: 11811: 11809:Advanced help 11807: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11767: 11765: 11763: 11759: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11734: 11732: 11730: 11726: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11681: 11679: 11677: 11673: 11667: 11664: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11644: 11643: 11641: 11637: 11631: 11628: 11626: 11623: 11619: 11616: 11615: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11598:Verifiability 11596: 11595: 11593: 11589: 11585: 11578: 11573: 11571: 11566: 11564: 11559: 11558: 11555: 11545: 11540: 11531: 11525: 11524: 11522: 11520:Documentation 11518: 11512: 11509: 11507: 11504: 11503: 11501: 11497: 11488: 11482: 11477: 11471: 11466: 11460: 11455: 11449: 11444: 11443:Cite AV media 11438: 11437: 11435: 11431: 11422: 11416: 11411: 11405: 11400: 11394: 11389: 11383: 11378: 11372: 11371: 11369: 11365: 11358: 11353: 11347: 11344: 11339: 11333: 11330: 11325: 11319: 11316: 11311: 11305: 11302: 11297: 11291: 11288: 11283: 11277: 11274: 11269: 11263: 11260: 11255: 11249: 11247:news articles 11246: 11241: 11235: 11232: 11227: 11221: 11218: 11213: 11207: 11204: 11199: 11198:Cite magazine 11193: 11190: 11185: 11179: 11176: 11171: 11165: 11162: 11157: 11151: 11148: 11143: 11142:Cite document 11137: 11134: 11129: 11123: 11120: 11115: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11100: 11096: 11089: 11084: 11082: 11077: 11075: 11070: 11069: 11066: 11059: 11051: 11048: 11045: 11044: 11041: 11036: 11033: 11032: 11028: 11025: 11018: 11015: 11014: 11013: 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9663: 9660: 9659: 9655: 9652: 9639: 9636: 9635: 9634: 9631: 9626: 9623: 9622: 9618: 9615: 9610: 9607: 9606: 9605: 9602: 9594: 9591: 9590: 9586: 9583: 9580: 9579: 9576: 9571: 9568: 9567: 9563: 9560: 9557: 9556: 9552: 9547: 9544: 9543: 9539: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9529: 9524: 9521: 9520: 9516: 9513: 9510: 9509: 9506: 9501: 9498: 9497: 9493: 9490: 9487: 9486: 9483: 9475: 9472: 9471: 9467: 9464: 9461: 9460: 9457: 9454:editor1-given 9451:editor-given1 9445:editor1-first 9442:editor-first1 9437: 9434: 9433: 9429: 9426: 9423: 9422: 9419: 9393: 9390: 9389: 9385: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9375: 9370: 9368:Original date 9367: 9366: 9362: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9352: 9347: 9344: 9343: 9339: 9336: 9333: 9332: 9329: 9324: 9321: 9320: 9316: 9313: 9310: 9309: 9306: 9301: 9298: 9297: 9293: 9290: 9287: 9286: 9283: 9278: 9275: 9274: 9270: 9267: 9264: 9263: 9259: 9254: 9251: 9250: 9246: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9236: 9228: 9226:Author link 9 9225: 9224: 9220: 9217: 9214: 9213: 9210: 9205: 9202: 9201: 9197: 9194: 9191: 9190: 9187: 9179: 9176: 9175: 9171: 9168: 9165: 9164: 9161: 9153: 9151:Author link 8 9150: 9149: 9145: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9135: 9130: 9127: 9126: 9122: 9119: 9116: 9115: 9112: 9104: 9101: 9100: 9096: 9093: 9090: 9089: 9086: 9078: 9076:Author link 7 9075: 9074: 9070: 9067: 9064: 9063: 9060: 9055: 9052: 9051: 9047: 9044: 9041: 9040: 9037: 9029: 9026: 9025: 9021: 9018: 9015: 9014: 9011: 9003: 9001:Author link 6 9000: 8999: 8995: 8992: 8989: 8988: 8985: 8980: 8977: 8976: 8972: 8969: 8966: 8965: 8962: 8954: 8951: 8950: 8946: 8943: 8940: 8939: 8936: 8928: 8926:Author link 5 8925: 8924: 8920: 8917: 8914: 8913: 8910: 8905: 8902: 8901: 8897: 8894: 8891: 8890: 8887: 8879: 8876: 8875: 8871: 8868: 8865: 8864: 8861: 8853: 8851:Author link 4 8850: 8849: 8845: 8842: 8839: 8838: 8835: 8830: 8827: 8826: 8822: 8819: 8816: 8815: 8812: 8804: 8801: 8800: 8796: 8793: 8790: 8789: 8786: 8778: 8776:Author link 3 8775: 8774: 8770: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8760: 8755: 8752: 8751: 8747: 8744: 8741: 8740: 8737: 8729: 8726: 8725: 8721: 8718: 8715: 8714: 8711: 8703: 8701:Author link 2 8700: 8699: 8695: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8685: 8680: 8677: 8676: 8672: 8669: 8666: 8665: 8662: 8654: 8651: 8650: 8646: 8643: 8640: 8639: 8636: 8625: 8622: 8621: 8617: 8614: 8611: 8610: 8607: 8599: 8596: 8595: 8591: 8588: 8585: 8584: 8581: 8567: 8564: 8563: 8557: 8554: 8551: 8547: 8544: 8539: 8533: 8527: 8526: 8521: 8517: 8513: 8509: 8505: 8497: 8492: 8488: 8484: 8473: 8469: 8461: 8458: 8454: 8446: 8438: 8434: 8430: 8429: 8425: 8423: 8421: 8417: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8381: 8380: 8369: 8363: 8357: 8351: 8345: 8339: 8333: 8330:|ol= 8327: 8321: 8315: 8309: 8303: 8297: 8291: 8275: 8269: 8258: 8252: 8233: 8228:. 2021-04-15. 8226: 8221: 8220: 8219: 8191:registration 8163: 8153: 8147: 8141: 8135: 8129: 8123: 8117: 8111: 8105: 8099: 8093: 8087: 8053: 8047: 8036: 8030: 7985: 7975: 7971: 7970: 7967: 7959: 7957: 7949: 7937: 7926: 7915: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7896: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7889: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7879: 7871: 7866: 7846: 7843: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7816: 7813: 7810: 7807: 7804: 7801: 7798: 7795: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7764: 7758: 7753: 7745: 7737: 7729: 7725: 7721: 7714:or text. Set 7713: 7709: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7700: 7697: 7694: 7691: 7688: 7685: 7682: 7679: 7676: 7673: 7670: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7642: 7635: 7632: 7629: 7625: 7624: 7622: 7613: 7612: 7606: 7605: 7600: 7599: 7593: 7592: 7590: 7586: 7582: 7579: 7566: 7542: 7539: 7536: 7528: 7521: 7517: 7514: 7510: 7507: 7494: 7487: 7479: 7472: 7464: 7456: 7449: 7441: 7434: 7427: 7426:editor-first1 7423: 7419: 7416: 7415:editor1-given 7412: 7411:editor-given1 7408: 7404: 7403:editor1-first 7400: 7399:editor-first1 7396: 7392: 7388: 7384: 7380: 7377: 7374: 7370: 7367: 7366: 7364: 7360: 7356: 7352: 7348: 7344: 7340: 7336: 7332: 7328: 7325: 7324: 7320: 7308: 7297: 7284:|at= 7270:. Use either 7265: 7261: 7251: 7235:|at= 7217:. Use either 7212: 7209: 7204: 7201: 7194: 7193: 7191: 7187: 7183: 7180: 7179: 7177: 7173: 7169: 7165: 7161: 7158: 7157: 7153: 7151: 7149: 7137: 7132: 7103: 7095: 7085: 7084:access status 7080: 7066: 7037: 7019: 7013: 7010: 7007: 6999: 6995: 6992: 6989: 6984:|ssrn=1900856 6981: 6977: 6974: 6969: 6965: 6961: 6960: 6958: 6950: 6946: 6943: 6940: 6932: 6928: 6925: 6922: 6916: 6913:See also the 6907: 6903: 6900: 6895: 6891: 6887: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6875: 6872:See also the 6865: 6861: 6857: 6854: 6851: 6846:|osti=4367507 6843: 6839: 6836: 6833: 6825: 6821: 6818: 6815: 6810:|oclc=9355469 6807: 6806:union catalog 6804: 6800: 6796: 6793: 6790: 6782: 6778: 6775: 6772: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6746: 6738: 6734: 6731: 6728: 6719: 6718: 6712: 6709: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6695: 6693: 6685: 6682:, but not an 6681: 6677: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6663: 6659: 6651: 6647: 6644: 6639: 6635: 6631: 6621: 6614: 6613: 6611: 6604: 6602: 6595: 6591: 6581: 6577: 6574: 6571: 6563: 6562:Handle System 6559: 6556: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6532: 6529:, but not an 6528: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6512: 6508: 6505: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6488:). Aliases: 6479: 6475: 6472: 6469: 6461: 6457: 6454: 6451: 6443: 6439: 6431: 6427: 6424: 6417: 6413: 6410: 6329: 6326: 6325: 6323: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6300: 6297: 6281: 6278: 6274: 6271: 6270: 6269: 6254: 6250: 6238: 6234: 6230: 6227: 6226: 6223: 6222:§ Anchor 6215: 6209: 6199: 6188: 6178: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6127: 6124: 6123: 6120: 6112: 6103: 6102:MOS:DATEUNIFY 6095: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6076: 6073: 6070: 6067: 6064: 6061: 6058: 6055: 6052: 6049: 6045: 6010: 6007: 6001: 5997: 5992: 5990: 5954: 5946: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5903: 5898: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5870: 5863: 5861: 5849: 5838: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5820: 5805: 5791: 5774: 5761: 5760: 5758: 5757: 5748:to mark dead 5745: 5739: 5734: 5733: 5717: 5714: 5711: 5705: 5704:use mdy dates 5697: 5696:use dmy dates 5691: 5687: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5673: 5669: 5663: 5658: 5657:archive.today 5652: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5636: 5633: 5629: 5623: 5622:use mdy dates 5615: 5614:use dmy dates 5609: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5594:For example, 5593: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5567: 5561: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5534: 5533: 5529: 5524: 5508: 5501:|at= 5482: 5478: 5472: 5442: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5429:, like this: 5427:|at= 5417: 5406: 5384: 5380: 5377: 5358: 5335: 5332: 5331: 5327: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5301: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5284: 5283:MOS:DATEUNIFY 5276: 5273: 5261: 5255: 5249: 5243: 5237: 5231: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5213: 5212:use mdy dates 5205: 5204:use dmy dates 5194:|df= 5179: 5175: 5171: 5168: 5159: 5156: 5155:disambiguator 5152: 5147: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5129: 5126: 5125: 5119: 5118:use mdy dates 5111: 5110:use dmy dates 5085: 5081: 5074: 5073: 5070:can be added. 5057: 5051: 5050: 5049: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5013: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4987: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4949: 4948: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4880: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4817: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4796: 4792: 4788: 4786: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4774: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4751: 4750: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4733: 4730: 4722: 4706: 4702: 4699: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4688:trans-website 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4672:trans-journal 4669: 4665: 4661: 4658: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4571: 4570:cite magazine 4563: 4558:(required by 4557: 4554: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4531: 4511: 4506: 4502: 4501: 4495: 4491: 4488: 4487: 4486: 4485: 4479: 4473: 4469: 4467: 4462: 4461: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4431: 4430: 4424: 4423: 4417: 4414:. Use of the 4413: 4409: 4406: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4354: 4350: 4347: 4346: 4345: 4342: 4333: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4292:collaboration 4290: 4285: 4277: 4273: 4266: 4262: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4238: 4234: 4226: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4203: 4196: 4192: 4185: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4109:: deprecated 4108: 4103: 4094: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4080: 4079: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4066: 4053: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4015: 4011: 4004: 4000: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3982: 3969: 3962: 3958: 3951: 3944: 3940: 3934: 3933: 3926: 3919: 3912: 3908: 3901: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3780: 3779: 3775: 3770: 3764: 3761: 3732: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3712: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3690:Replace with 3689: 3686: 3685: 3676: 3668: 3664: 3661: 3658: 3657: 3611:|mr= 3553: 3548: 3507: 3442: 3425: 3416: 3411: 3400:|at= 3390: 3377: 3368: 3355: 3342: 3329: 3288: 3251: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3238: 3236: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3201: 3195: 3191: 3183: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3126: 3125: 3119: 3114: 3109: 3107: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3080: 3076: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3055: 3051: 3046: 3045: 3041: 3036: 3033: 3032: 3021:on 2014-01-18 3020: 3016: 3012: 3007: 3006: 3002: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2960: 2959: 2948: 2944: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2905: 2901: 2896: 2893: 2890: 2889: 2876: 2872: 2867: 2864: 2861: 2860: 2857: 2851: 2832: 2825: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2805: 2799: 2797: 2786: 2768: 2763: 2762:Prerequisites 2759: 2758: 2750: 2745: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2733:Prerequisites 2732: 2730:Vertical list 2729: 2728: 2722: 2706:quote 2697:url-access 2688:via 2679:access-date 2670:archive-date 2661:archive-url 2652:location 2634:language 2625:format 2616:url-status 2607:url 2598:trans-title 2589:title 2580:date 2571:first2 2562:last2 2553:first1 2544:last1 2528: 2527: 2517:access-date 2508:location 2499:work 2490:language 2481:url 2472:trans-title 2463:title 2454:date 2445:first 2436:last 2420: 2419: 2409:access-date 2400:archive-date 2391:archive-url 2382:location 2373:work 2364:url-status 2355:url 2346:title 2337:date 2328:first 2319:last 2303: 2302: 2292:access-date 2283:date 2274:location 2265:work 2256:url 2247:title 2235:author 2219: 2218: 2208:access-date 2199:location 2190:work 2181:url 2172:title 2163:date 2154:first 2145:last 2129: 2128: 2127: 2126: 2120: 1671:editor5-first 1644:editor4-first 1617:editor3-first 1590:editor2-first 1563:editor1-first 1299: 1298: 1297: 1296: 1290: 1283: 1114: 1113: 1112: 1006: 1005: 1004: 889: 888: 887: 805: 804: 803: 715: 714: 713: 712: 706: 703: 684: 682: 680: 676: 664: 659: 657: 652: 650: 645: 644: 641: 638: 637: 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9439:editor-first 9420: 9401:editor1-last 9398:editor-last1 9376: 9353: 9330: 9307: 9284: 9260: 9237: 9233:author9-link 9230:author-link9 9211: 9203:First name 9 9188: 9162: 9158:author8-link 9155:author-link8 9136: 9128:First name 8 9113: 9087: 9083:author7-link 9080:author-link7 9061: 9053:First name 7 9038: 9012: 9008:author6-link 9005:author-link6 8986: 8978:First name 6 8963: 8937: 8933:author5-link 8930:author-link5 8911: 8903:First name 5 8888: 8862: 8858:author4-link 8855:author-link4 8836: 8828:First name 4 8813: 8787: 8783:author3-link 8780:author-link3 8761: 8753:First name 3 8738: 8712: 8708:author2-link 8705:author-link2 8686: 8678:First name 2 8663: 8637: 8633:author1-link 8630:author-link1 8608: 8582: 8540: 8537: 8531: 8524: 8523: 8519: 8512:VisualEditor 8504:TemplateData 8502:This is the 8498:TemplateData 8471: 8444: 8419: 8415: 8413: 8377: 8249:subscription 8245:registration 8237: 8217: 8161: 8078:subscription 8060:registration 7987: 7974:WP:URLACCESS 7955: 7944:subscription 7922:registration 7886: 7875: 7864: 7844: 7820: 7814: 7808: 7802: 7796: 7790: 7773:|author 7765:}} 7761:{{ 7747: 7739: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7715: 7704: 7699:subject-mask 7698: 7692: 7686: 7680: 7674: 7668: 7648: 7627: 7610: 7608: 7603: 7601: 7580: 7540: 7530: 7523: 7520:editor-link1 7519: 7513:editor-link1 7512: 7508: 7489: 7481: 7475:editor-given 7474: 7466: 7458: 7451: 7443: 7437:editor-first 7436: 7429: 7425: 7422:editor-last1 7421: 7414: 7410: 7407:editor-given 7406: 7402: 7398: 7394: 7390: 7387:Firstname M. 7386: 7382: 7379:editor-first 7378: 7368: 7362: 7358: 7354: 7350: 7346: 7343:editor1-last 7342: 7339:editor-last1 7338: 7334: 7330: 7326: 7310:}} 7304:{{ 7263: 7253:}} 7247:{{ 7210: 7202: 7185: 7182:script-quote 7181: 7176:script-quote 7175: 7172:Romanization 7167: 7164:script-quote 7163: 7159: 7135: 7133: 7105:}} 7102:cite journal 7099:{{ 7096: 7081: 7041: 7035: 7034:. 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