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SolĂ , E., Sluys, R., Riutort, M., Kawakatsu, M. (18 August 2023). "Molecular phylogenetics facilitates the first historical biogeographic analysis of the hammerhead worms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Bipaliinae), with the description of twelve new species and two new genera".
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The subfamily
Bipaliinae is characterized by having a semilunar head that gives them the common name "hammerhead worms". The head has peripheral sensory pits on the ventral side and small peripheral eyes on the dorsal side.
185:
325:. It was found that the five species could invade Southeast Asia, New Zealand, Eastern Australian, a part of South America, eastern USA, western Europe and central Africa.
459:
Winsor, L.; Johns, P. M.; Barker, G. M. (2004). Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria: Tricladida: Continenticola) predaceous on terrestrial gastropods.
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184:
691:
342:
Sluys, R.; Kawakatsu, M.; Riutort, M.; Baguñà , J. (2009). "A new higher classification of planarian flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida)".
291:, now in many countries in all continents except the Antarctica. A 2022 study used occurrence records from online databases, including
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295:, and climatic and soil variable to model the potential distribution of five species of hammerhead flatworms, namely
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518:"Hammerhead worms everywhere? Modelling the invasion of bipaliin flatworms in a changing climate"
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408:"Diversity of introduced terrestrial flatworms in the Iberian Peninsula: A cautionary tale"
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406:Ălvarez-Presas, M.; Mateos, E.; TudĂł, Ă.; Jones, H.; Riutort, M. (2014).
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Species in the subfamily
Bipaliinae are grouped in the following genera:
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Fourcade, Yoan; Winsor, Leigh; Justine, JeanâLou (2022-02-22).
198:. A scale is shown at the end and is graduated in millimetres
173:, although some species have been introduced worldwide.
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281:Several hammerhead flatworms have become
465:Natural Enemies of Terrestrial Molluscs
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378:(Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola)"
7:
671:8472bc75-cfb1-4fd7-af71-6bc830ca13c2
382:The Bulletin of Fuji Women's College
372:Ogren, R. E.; Kawakatsu, M. (1987).
374:"Index to the species of the genus
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549:
391:
49:
1:
322:Diversibipalium multilineatum
277:Bipaliin as invasive species
522:Diversity and Distributions
762:
344:Journal of Natural History
495:10.11646/zootaxa.5335.1.1
356:10.1080/00222930902741669
145:
138:
46:Scientific classification
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37:
28:
23:
285:, the most famous being
231:Ogren & Sluys, 2001
39:Bipalium pennsylvanicum
271:Kawakatsu et al., 2002
261:SolĂ & Sluys, 2023
251:SolĂ & Sluys, 2023
241:Kawakatsu et al., 1998
199:
16:Subfamily of flatworms
191:
666:Fauna Europaea (new)
463:: Barker, G. (ed.),
350:(29â30): 1763â1777.
195:Vermiviatum covidum
167:Indian subcontinent
310:B. pennsylvaanicum
200:
157:is a subfamily of
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567:Taxon identifiers
535:10.1111/ddi.13489
425:10.7717/peerj.430
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288:Bipalium kewense
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161:found mainly in
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267:Diversibipalium
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159:land planarians
83:Platyhelminthes
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528:(4): 844â858.
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304:B. adventitium
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103:Continenticola
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388:(2): 79â119.
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384:. Series 2.
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237:Novibipalium
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113:Geoplanoidea
38:
18:
746:Geoplanidae
679:iNaturalist
599:Wikispecies
489:(1): 1â77.
293:iNaturalist
257:Vermiviatum
192:A video of
177:Description
129:Subfamily:
123:Geoplanidae
24:Bipaliinae
619:Bipaliinae
605:Bipaliinae
575:Bipaliinae
329:References
298:B. kewense
247:Umbotectum
227:Humbertium
163:Madagascar
155:Bipaliinae
133:Bipaliinae
99:Suborder:
93:Tricladida
590:Q18378622
544:1366-9516
503:1175-5334
147:see text
69:Kingdom:
63:Eukaryota
740:Category
584:Wikidata
444:24949245
418:: e430.
376:Bipalium
316:B. vagum
283:invasive
217:Bipalium
119:Family:
79:Phylum:
73:Animalia
59:Domain:
697:1037019
483:Zootaxa
435:4060057
89:Order:
723:879664
684:475765
645:1BIPAF
542:
501:
442:
432:
319:, and
207:Genera
165:, the
140:Genera
718:WoRMS
710:51988
658:14256
632:7NLP3
412:PeerJ
705:NCBI
692:ITIS
640:EPPO
540:ISSN
499:ISSN
487:5335
440:PMID
169:and
627:CoL
614:AFD
530:doi
491:doi
430:PMC
420:doi
352:doi
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526:28
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472:^
461:In
452:^
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386:25
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364:^
348:43
346:.
313:,
307:,
301:,
546:.
532::
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446:.
422::
416:2
358:.
354::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
