2478:"'Jesus Was Turkish': The Bizarre Resurgence of Pseudo-Turkology". 22 July 2021. "Anatoly Fomenko, a renowned mathematician and member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, alleges in a series of conspiratorial books that Russian historiography is a falsification; the result of a Western conspiracy to conceal the existence of a great Turko-Slavic empire, Great Tartary. In this alternate world, Christopher Columbus, Jesus Christ, Moses and many more were all Russian, and millennia of history were faked by the Normans and Polish Jesuit priests... In the words of historians Stephen Brown and Konstantin Sheiko, far from simply occupying space on the “lunatic fringe of pseudo-academia,” Fomenko’s works have moved to a “central position in Russia’s mainstream political debates.” For example, Sergey Glazyev, a former top adviser to President Vladimir Putin and commissioner of the Eurasian Economic Union, endorsed Fomenko’s theories in 2020. Unlike Western historical myths that “belittle the role of the Russian people in the history of mankind,” Fomenko “puts the Russian world at its proper place at the center of world civilization,” Glazyev said."
1267:"Turkic countries have suffered greatly over the last century and a half. After the brutality of World War I, Turkey was set to be wiped off the map by the diktat of Western powers, a fate already shared by every other Turkic people. During Soviet rule, the traditional nomadic lifestyle of Turkic Steppe peoples was derided by official Soviet historiography as backward, uncivilized and feudal — something to be ashamed of, not proud of. On the margins of the development of global capitalism, or in the furnace of communist social and economic engineering, Turkic peoples have borne the brunt of modernity’s failures and experienced few of its successes. Ancient history, invented or otherwise, offers a refuge. Pseudo-Turkology, which places Turks at the very heart of the history of all human civilization, provides a source of unlimited pride."
3459:
3143:
307:
the publications exploded. Another was a flight of scientists from
European Russia into remote areas, which brought first class scientists to many intellectually starved outlying areas of Middle Asia. Another one was connected with the statewide efforts to re-invent the history, when a wealth of Turkological facts were found in the process of search for "correct" history. And another one was a built-up of the public interest for the forbidden subjects, that resulted that no print size could satisfy the demand.
210:(1921–1926). Scientific developments allowed calibrated dating, dendrochronology, metallurgy, chemistry, textile, and other specialized disciplines which contributed to the development of the Turkological studies. Deeper study of the ancient sources allowed better understanding of economical, social, mythological and cultural forces of the sedentary and nomadic societies. Linguistic studies uncovered pre-literate symbioses and mutual influences between different peoples.
22:
333:
224:
198:(1895). By the end of the 19th century, Turkology developed into a complex discipline that included linguistics, history, ethnology, archeology, arts and literature. In the 20th century the Turkology complex included physical anthropology, numismatics, genetics, ancient Turkic alphabetic scripts, typology, genesis, and etymology, onomastics and toponymy. The appearance of
319:
publications were culled, published photographs were retouched, private photographs were destroyed, published scientific references were erased, or publications with undesired references were destroyed. Very few of the early 20th century expedition diaries, ethnographical notes, reports and drafts for publications were ever recovered.
1216:Я. В. Васильков, М. Ю. Сорокина (eds.), Люди и судьбы. Биобиблиографический словарь востоковедов – жертв политического террора в советский период (1917–1991) ("People and Destiny. Bio-Bibliographic Dictionary of Orientalists – Victims of the political terror during the Soviet period (1917–1991)"), Петербургское Востоковедение (2003).
295:, occurring during the 1930s–1940s, on the basis of disputed Islamic writings and publications. Other cultural Scholars, such as Egyptologists and Japanologists were also subject to the political repression, in Stalin's movement to cleanse Communist Russia of ethnic minorities that posed opposition to Communism.
1062:
Historian of
Central Asia, Turkologist. Secretary of Leningrad Oriental Institute, Oriental Institute in 1931–1933, from 1935 director of Ethnography Museum. Arrested in 1937, Article 58–10, 2nd field session of the USSR Supreme Court sentenced him in 1938 to the highest measure of punishment, on the
516:
Scientist, public figure, member of
Russian parliament (1905–06), Kazakh free thinker, first researcher of Kazakh epos and folklore, author of alphabet textbook, phonetics and syntax rules, etymology of Kazakh language, was sentenced to death in 1931, spent years in concentration camps, freed in 1935
763:
Caucasologist, ethnographer, archeologist, linguist, expert on prehistoric art, professor of archeology, professor of
Georgian language, head of ethnographical department in Russian museum. Arrested in 1933, exiled to Tashkent, arrested again in 1937 and believed to have died in the Tashkent prison
1204:
encyclopedias and wrote many other works on Arabic, Turkish, Turkic, Crimean Tatar, and
Iranian history and literature, some of which were pioneering textbooks in Russian Oriental studies. Among others, he wrote histories of Turkey and their literature; monographs on Hafiz and his songs and on the
306:
by a wealth of euphemisms: "nomads, Siberians, Paleosiberians, Middle Asians, Scythians, Altaians, Tuvians", etc. that filled scientific publications. The other was "writing into a drawer", when results of the years of fruitful work were written down for future publication. When the bonds relaxed,
938:
Turkologist, Iranist. From 1934 in
Historical-Archeological Institute (History Institute), Oriental Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Arrested in 1936, in 1936 "Special Commission" of Leningrad Provincial Court sentenced him to 5 years of hard labor in a Far Eastern concentration camp by
907:
University, head of ethnographical department in
Russian museum, scientific secretary of state "Commission for Study of Tribal Composition of Russia's Population and neighboring Countries". Arrested in 1931 and sentenced to 10 years in BelBaltlLag concentration camp. Transferred in 1934 to forced
2466:
The influence of
Eurasianism and the Turkic rejection of Russian imperialism need to be considered if we are to make sense of Russia's post- Communist imperial imagination. Eurasianism has attracted notoriety in the West...In the 1990s, each Turkic nationality has produced its own 'pen and ink'
1255:
were of Turkic origin. Ethnic
Russian scholars have put forth similar theories with an added Turco-Slavic synthesis, in an attempt to put "the Russian world at its proper place at the center of world civilization". Many conflicting theories among Turkic peoples of Central and North Asia seek to
1246:
The linguistic field of
Turkology has been noted as particularly influenced by 'pseudo-turkologists', whose theories do not follow due diligence to properly prove Turkish origins in non-related languages. Some extreme pseudo-turkologists contend that Turkic history stretches back hundreds of
841:
and other languages), theorist in linguistics. In 1915–1921 professor in Petrograd University, in 1917–1918 E.Polivanov headed Foreign Ministry Oriental Relations department, in 1921–1926 he worked for state apparatus and taught in Tashkent University, in 1926–1929 in Moscow, in 1929–1934 in
974:
Archeologist (Volga region, Kama, Ural) and Africanist ethnographer. USSR Academy State Institute of History of Material Culture, head of Africa department of USSR Academy of Sciences Anthropology and Ethnography Institute. Arrested in 1933 ("Russian Museum Case"), died in 1935 during NKVD
318:
With the physical culling of the scholars from the society, an organized a total extermination of all their published and unpublished works took place concurrently. Their books were removed from the libraries and destroyed from private collections by an intimidated population, articles and
1112:
Turkologist and historian. Docent of Leningrad Oriental Institute, researcher in Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1938, incarcerated in local jail of the Leningrad People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs until his release in August 1939. Died during WWII blockade of Leningrad
560:, 1951), staff member of Asian Museum, Art History Institute, Leningrad State University, and Leningrad Institute of Eastern Languages. He was arrested three times, in 1922, then in 1925 as a "French spy", and again in 1941 as a "German spy", but survived to tell his story.
714:
Archeologist, researcher of history and culture of Volga region peoples. Institute for Study of USSR Peoples (Leningrad), docent in Leningrad State Historico-Linguistical Institute, USSR Academy State Institute of History of Material Culture. Arrested and executed in 1936
1231:А.А.Формозов, Русские археологи и политические репрессии 1920-1940-х гг. Институт археологии РАН, Москва, 1998 (Formozov A.A., "Russian archeologists and political repressions of the 1920-1940's", Russian Academy of Sciences Archeology Institute, Moscow, 1998)
1121:
Chairman of Eastern-Russian cultural educational society, bishop of Ufa and Menzelinsky from 1913, founder of magazine "Beyond-Volga chronist", member of the Most Holy Synod (1917), was arrested numerous times, shot to death under decision of NKVD "troyka" of
279:
On 9 August 1944 the Central Committee VKP(b), the ruling party of the USSR, published an edict prohibiting "ancientization" of Turkic history. The edict was followed by a consecutive wave of mass arrests, imprisoning and killing of the Turkology
1905:
3032:; Москва, Наука, 1974 (In Russian). Brief biographical and bibliographical compendium of more than 300 Turkologists in Russia, who contributed to the development of Turkology and education in Türkic languages from the 18th century to 1917.
671:
Historian of the literature. Director of Azarbaijan SSR Language, Literature and Arts Institute, head of the Sektor of arts in Azerbaijan branch of USSR Academy of Sciences (1934–1937). Arrested in 1937 and perished without a trace
1022:
Ethnographer, expert on peoples of Siberia and North. Worked in USSR Academy of Sciences Anthropology and Ethnography Institute, corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences. Arrested in 1921, freed after petition of M.Gorky
739:
Historian, lecturer, in 1920es worked for state government in Kazan, then scientific work in Moscow, author of two monographs on problems of Tatar revolutionary movement. Was persecuted (details unknown), after release lived in
88:(Dictionary of Turkic language). Multi-lingual dictionaries were compiled from the late 13th century for the practical application of participants in international trade and political life. One notable such dictionary is the
638:
Turkologist – ethnographer. Ethnographic department of Russian Museum, employee in "Commission for Study of Tribal Composition of Russia's Population and neighboring Countries". Arrested ca. 1933, died during interrogations
413:, scientist, journalist, translator, teacher, editor of Tatar newspapers, member of "Kurultai". Served as an envoy of Regional Government to Turkey. Persecuted by Crimean ASSR People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (
2467:
warriors. Nationalistic historians emerging from among the Chuvash, Tatars and Bashkirs have tried to connect the history of their peoples to ancient ancestors such as the Sumerians, Scythians, Egyptians, and Etruscans.
1083:
Archeologist, ethnographer of Siberia. Worked in USSR State Institute of History of Material Culture, Russian Museum, as a senior lecturer in Leningrad State University. Arrested in 1934, in prison committed suicide
301:
On the other hand, this edict brought unintended benefits to Turkology. One was the nearly immediate linguistic development of an alternate lexicon which replaced the nouns and adjectives containing the word
398:. Was arrested and incarcerated (dates unknown). After serving the term of the sentence A.Abdrahimov returned to Kazan, and was arrested again and sentenced to 10 years of hard labor in concentration camp
1134:
Historian, archeologist, scholar on W. W. Bartold's works. Arrested at the end of 1920es or early 1930es. Is known to spend the first half of 1930es in Arkhangelsk exile. Survived persecutions of the
802:
298:
Most Oriental and other cultural scholars that had been repressed in the 1930s and 1940s (as well as their respective scientific works) were, however, officially rehabilitated in or after 1956.
1100:
Expert on Tungus-Manchurian languages, worked in Northern Peoples Institute. Arrested in 1936, was imprisoned from 1937 to 1940. After the WWII she worked in Linguistic Institute in Leningrad
1165:
Orientalist in Arabic, Persian, and Turkic, Semitic, Hebrew, and Syriac. Headed Hermitage department of Eastern Coins. Arrested in 1936, died in exile (after concentration camp) in Tashkent
723:
Archeologist, ethnographer, scholar on cultures of Central Asia and Volga region peoples. Arrested in 1935, lost leg in incarceration, released in 40es, subsequently worked in Hermitage
2073:
1177:
scientist, Turkologist, post-graduate student of Oriental Studies Institute of USSR Academy of Sciences, a lecturer in Leningrad Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1936, shot to death in
1256:
connect their peoples to a larger legacy and place in history. According to historians Konstantin Sheiko and Stephen Brown, these theories are influenced by "the Turkic rejection of
2695:
178:(1787) which included lexical materials from Tatar, Mishar, Nogai, Bashkir, and other Turkic languages. In the 19th century, Turkology was further developed by M. A. Kazembek's
501:, journalist, delegate of regional "Kurultai" (1917), persecuted by NKVD of Crimean ASSR for participation in "nationalist counterrevolutionary organization", shot to death in
525:
Historian, literary critic, publicist, editor of newspaper "Altai" (1918). Arrested, incarcerated, in 1921 escaped from a Soviet concentration camp and fled abroad. Buried in
4499:
2490:
2767:"GABAIN, ANNEMARIE VON (1901–1993), German scholar who worked in the field of Central Asian (primarily Turkic) studies, first as a linguist but later as an art historian."
4465:
These are traditional areas of settlement; the Turkic group has been living in the listed country/region for centuries and should not be confused with modern diasporas.
2587:(known as Willy), German orientalist (1869–1934). From 1893 onward Bang Kaup also devoted time to research in the promising area of the Old Turkish stone inscriptions."
1222:Д.Д.Тумаркин (ed.), Репрессированные Этнографы, Вып. 1, М., Вост. лит., 2002 (Tumarkin D.D., "Prosecuted Ethnographers", Issue 1, Moscow, Oriental Literature, 2002)
4049:
1031:
Student of Oriental department in Leningrad State University, major Turkologist – linguist. Arrested in 1949, imprisoned until general amnesty to the victims of
2369:
1010:
as "nationalist" (stood up for preservation of his national culture and language). Arrested again in 1951, imprisoned until general amnesty to the victims of
813:
Lecturer in the Crimean Pedagogical Institute, delegate of "Kurultai", editor of "Eshil ada" and "Bilgi" magazines. Odabash was arrested in 1928 and vanished
805:, scientific secretary of Turkologists' Association. Arrested in 1937, exiled until 1940. Subsequently, worked in Oriental Institute and Leningrad University
4434:
900:
1197:
1157:
Historian, Turkologist, academician, political figure, head of the first government of Bashkiria (1918). To avoid capture and persecution fled to Turkey.
1054:
lingo, for targeted destruction of the national educated layer in the Turkic republics of the former USSR. M.Sultan-Galiev was arrested and shot to death
3416:
700:
2647:
1046:
One of outstanding organizers of Tatarstan state, member of Narkomnats (People's Commissariate for Nationalities) Board. The largest case fabricated by
4492:
4467:
3131:
2582:
908:
labor in Belomor-Baltic Canal Combine as a hydrologist. Returned to archeology in 1945, in 1947–1954 headed excavations of famous Scythian time
958:
Turkologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in 1934–1937 director of Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1937, shot to death in 1938
3075:
2307:
2266:
2692:
142:
historians, ambassadors and travelers, and geographers. In the 15th–17th centuries the main subject of Turkology was the study of the
4485:
4157:
2459:
2725:
3048:
375:
266:
2674:
2824:
2523:
2487:
926:
Archeologist, worked in Volga and Kazakhstan regions for USSR State Academy Institute of History of Material Culture. Fell under
1196:, linguist and polyglot, literary scholar, folklorist, writer, and translator. Krymsky contributed about hundred entries to the
3758:
2431:
1348:
342:
233:
2648:"Prof. Dr. Saadet Çağatay Hayatı ve Eserleri - EDEBİYAT / Öykü Tiyatro Deneme Yazarlarımız | Edebiyat ve Sanat Akademisi"
1205:
Turkic peoples, their languages, and literatures; and edited a collection of articles on the Crimean Tatars. In July 1941 the
947:
Turkologist-historian, a senior lecturer of Kazan (East) Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1936 and perished without a trace
431:
Historian, writer, teacher, journalist, archaeologist, in 1917 elected a "Kurultai" delegate, was shot to death in Simferopol
4210:
2958:
1201:
4044:
2828:
2621:
1247:
thousands of years, that every major civilization in history is of Turkic origin, and that major historical figures such as
1040:
2358:
158:. In 1533 a first hand-written primer appeared, and by 1612 a printed grammar by Jerome Megizer was published, followed by
4429:
3458:
2812:
2118:
2050:
159:
775:
Azerbaijan writer, historian of the literature and specialist in folklore. Arrested in 1937 and perished without a trace
4931:
4092:
2256:
2231:
1919:
1851:
1839:
1737:
3124:
3109:
2035:
1567:
2790:
691:. The founder of the modern school of Bashkir linguistics. He proved the kinship of Turkic and Ural-Altai languages
3978:
3084:
2916:
1869:
80:
Ethnological information on Turkic tribes for the first time was systemized by the 11th-century Turkic philologist
4997:
2414:
1665:
769:
3063:
2874:
4615:
3806:
2001:
1993:
1600:
1429:
952:
688:
1092:
Mongoloigist. Lecturer in Leningrad Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1936 or 1937 and perished without a trace
854:) and Frunze Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1937, declared to be a Japanese spy, shot to death in 1938 in
4865:
4790:
3834:
3778:
3525:
3521:
3361:
3179:
3174:
1800:
1225:
780:
2892:(1877–1966), outstanding Russian scholar of Persian history, historical geography, literature and culture."
2183:
4780:
4765:
4538:
4071:
3429:
3406:
3221:
3117:
2392:
1549:
536:
Iranist and Turkologist, corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences (1939), a member academician of
346:
237:
2130:
572:
museum, he was an organizer of ethnographical and archeological expeditions. Shot to death in Simferopol
425:
5002:
4992:
4301:
4255:
3863:
2188:
2171:
1591:
1277:
873:
597:
2801:
2370:
Ahatanhel Krymsky: 10 interesting facts of his life (Агатангел Крымский: 10 интересных фактов из жизни)
1668:(Siegmund, Sigismund, Freiherr von Herberstein, Gerbershtein) (1486–1566) (historian, writer, diplomat)
186:(1851). A major achievement was the deciphering at the end of the 19th century of the Early Middle Age
284:, massive creation of replacement scientists, and re-writing of history pages on an industrial scale.
40:) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and
21:
4830:
4454:
3517:
3236:
3191:
3094:
3001:
2208:
2094:
1955:
1949:
1857:
1829:
1821:
1713:
1659:
1561:
1458:
1447:
1411:
1375:
1290:
592:, a son of a peasant, a graduate of Budapest University, a Dean in University. Active participant in
111:
61:
1965:
1960:
1481:
1476:
677:
4795:
4635:
4195:
3814:
3439:
3261:
3072:
2311:
1555:
1452:
1396:
1257:
1178:
872:
University, from 1858 worked in Russia, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, teacher of
510:
1988:
850:(1931–1934), in 1934–1937 in Kirgiz Scientific Research Institute of Kirgiz Language and Writing (
600:, arrested in Kislovodsk, but several months earlier) and shot to death. Biography see F.D.Ashnin
4987:
4966:
4770:
4750:
4690:
4650:
4595:
4585:
4190:
4012:
3246:
1979:
1878:
1435:
1354:
1299:
755:
University, associate in Russian museum, was arrested in 1920 and in 1921, in 1922 fled to exile
731:
Archeologist and ethnographer (peoples of Volga region and Urals). Arrested in 1936 and vanished
436:
403:
171:
81:
876:. Stalinists' proclaiming an ethnically German Radlov a "Pantürkist" was especially ridiculous
4956:
4885:
4785:
4710:
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4331:
4250:
4003:
3750:
3424:
3336:
3311:
3301:
3296:
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3206:
3044:
2455:
2262:
2124:
2100:
1925:
1901:
1788:
1707:
1636:
1630:
1573:
Geng Shimin 耿世民 (Turkologist, Uighurologist, Manichaeanism, linguist, archeologist, historian)
1489:
1441:
1336:
1305:
1151:
939:
infamous Article 58, in 1939 he was released because of poor health, and died on the way home
822:
708:
627:
312:
187:
119:
2766:
2713:
1752:
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3688:
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3376:
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3216:
3196:
3186:
3156:
2381:
2177:
2136:
2077:
2062:
2044:
1985:
Rochrig, F. L. O. (Roehrig) (1819–1908) (Orientalist, Turkologist, Native American linguist)
1833:
1725:
1719:
1683:
1644:
1640:
1606:
1330:
1241:
1193:
838:
826:
801:
Turkologist, PhD in history, professor of Leningrad University. From 1932 to 1937 worked in
684:
394:
Turkologist, scientist, literary critic, writer, docent of Eastern Pedagogical Institute in
147:
127:
123:
115:
99:
45:
2671:
2660:
2538:
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4132:
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2887:
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2196:
2090:
1764:
1731:
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1510:
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1342:
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983:
Turkologist student. Arrested in 1949, imprisoned until general amnesty to the victims of
916:
909:
892:
834:
830:
107:
90:
2990:
1501:
580:
Economist, historian, bibliographer, expert on Turkey. Was incarcerated, details unknown
417:) for participation in "nationalist counterrevolutionary organization", shot to death in
3015:
2863:
2632:
1263:
As journalist Luka Ivan Jukić concludes in his examination of extreme pseudo-turkology:
703:
Narkom (People's Commissar) of Education (1931). Was persecuted twice (details unknown)
4936:
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4875:
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4860:
4855:
4820:
4810:
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2849:
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1812:
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1390:
1075:. Docent of Kazan Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1936 and perished without a trace
966:
Scientist-linguist, political figure of national movement. Was arrested and persecuted
881:
589:
281:
151:
143:
103:
95:
49:
2943:"Russia's Altai should be marked as center of Turkic world on Erdogan's map — Kremlin"
2566:
1982:(Dutch: Willem van Rubroeck, Latin: Gulielmus de Rubruquis) (traveller, ca. 1248–1252)
1228:, 1936. Archaeological studies in Soviet Russia // Eurasia septentrionalis antiqua. X.
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2156:
1943:
1890:
1621:
1576:
1366:
1324:
1314:
1284:
1118:
Ukhtomsky Alexander Alekseevich, prince, bishop with chosen name Andrey, (1872–1937)
888:
862:
288:
195:
65:
2282:
1904:(1891–1938) (Founder of Altaistics, theorist in linguistics, Orientalist, polyglot)
4921:
4916:
4760:
4680:
4555:
4356:
4142:
3770:
3712:
3696:
3658:
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2610:
2160:
1884:
1806:
1689:
Jalairi Kadir Galy (Djalairi, Kadyrali, Kadyr Ali, Kydyrgali) (ca 1620) (historian)
1537:
1528:
1495:
1318:
1252:
1248:
1162:
Vasmer Richard Wilhelm George (Roman Romanovich, Richard Richardovich) (1888–1938)
995:
569:
549:
498:
454:
357:
248:
155:
53:
2955:
2335:"FASMER, RICHARD RICHARDOVICH or VASMER (1858–1938), eminent Russian numismatist."
4450:
Organization of the Eurasian Law Enforcement Agencies with Military Status (TAKM)
2750:
2449:
2408:
647:
Historian, professor (1927) in Azerbaijan University. Arrested and shot to death
4580:
4346:
3998:
3943:
3648:
3578:
2150:
2127:(Shokan, Chokan Chingisovich) (1835–1865) (Turkologist, ethnographer, historian)
2056:
2017:
2005:
1931:
1773:
1612:
1519:
1405:
502:
466:
308:
292:
131:
2334:
52:
in chronological and comparative context. This includes ethnic groups from the
4665:
4655:
4528:
4326:
4291:
4147:
4127:
4122:
4117:
3988:
3953:
3326:
1543:
1360:
1007:
1003:
896:
790:
418:
191:
3030:"Биобиблиографический словарь отечественных тюркологов. Дооктябрьский период"
4951:
4941:
4715:
4640:
4477:
4372:
4351:
4316:
4311:
4286:
4220:
4205:
4175:
4078:
4029:
3700:
3613:
3573:
3494:
3490:
2451:
History as Therapy: Alternative History and Nationalist Imaginings in Russia
2217:
2068:
2020:(1898–1993) (Historian and orientalist, founder of the Turkology in Georgia)
1135:
1123:
1051:
1032:
1011:
984:
927:
904:
843:
752:
751:
Turkologist-ethnographer and specialist in folklore. Professor, lecturer in
616:
593:
489:
Turkologist, Rector of the Moscow Oriental Studies Institute. Shot to death
470:
447:
443:
135:
41:
4361:
3938:
1146:
Archeograph scientist, historian. Arrested, persecuted, and shot to death
596:"language construction", from 1924 worked in Baku. In 1937 arrested (like
4850:
4720:
4700:
4630:
4403:
4336:
4281:
4230:
4185:
4034:
4008:
3983:
3933:
3908:
3725:
3538:
3502:
3486:
1217:
847:
568:
Ethnographer, artist, critic. From 1917 Bodaninsky was a director of the
553:
545:
526:
2920:
1308:(1871–1942) (Orientalist, Historian, Linguist, Philologist, Ethnographer
1302:(1927–1986) (Professor of Philology, Turkologist, Linguist, Orientalist)
517:
after petition of M.Gorky's wife, re-arrested and shot to death in 1937
4413:
4393:
4306:
3923:
3918:
3898:
3851:
3720:
3638:
3583:
3563:
3543:
3533:
3498:
1190:
1072:
912:
851:
793:, sentenced to prison in 1937 and was eventually executed in Tashkent,
786:
410:
69:
57:
1014:
persecutions in the middle of the 50es, freed in the middle of 1950es
1002:
writer, translator, literary critic. In the end of 1920es exiled from
4439:
4398:
4180:
4137:
4087:
3948:
3903:
3893:
3877:
3871:
3856:
3846:
3682:
3643:
3633:
3598:
3060:
999:
869:
855:
663:
Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1936 and perished without a trace
612:
537:
474:
462:
139:
3026:"Bibliographical dictionary of native Turkologists. Pre-USSR period"
1050:
was connected with Sultan-Galiev's name, a "sultangaleevshchina" in
2976:
2103:(1890–1970) (historian, Turkologist, leader of liberation movement)
1998:(1884–1955) (Turkologist, Arabist, Iranist, historian and linguist)
1803:(1894–1969) (academic, sinologist, historian, author, and traveler)
1534:
Eberhard Wolfram (1909–1988) (Sinologist, Philologist, Turkologist)
1351:(1898–1972) (Archaeologist, Turkologist, historian, Khazar studies)
287:
Many Turkology scholars in Russia were persecuted or imprisoned by
4408:
3993:
3928:
3663:
2942:
1311:
Ahinjanov S. M. (1939–1991) (archeologist, historian, Turkologist)
1174:
1035:
persecutions in 1956, mentally sick at release, committed suicide
741:
660:
656:
557:
458:
451:
395:
2432:"'Jesus Was Turkish': The Bizarre Resurgence of Pseudo-Turkology"
2159:(1908–1983) (Orientalist, philologist, Native American linguist)
1639:(1932－1987) (linguist, philologist, Sinologist; the influence of
4449:
4225:
1206:
1047:
541:
478:
414:
4481:
3113:
1516:
Dolgih B. O. (1904–1971) (historian, ethnographer-Sibirologist)
3073:
International Turkology and Turkish History Research Symposium
1564:(1901–1993) (Turkologist, Sinologist, linguist, art historian)
1417:
Benzing J. (1913–2001) (Turkic and northern Eurasia languages)
326:
315:
inflamed a surge in the new generation of Turkology scholars.
217:
1863:
Nadelyaev, V. M. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1749:
Kormushin, I. V. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1734:(1783–1835), (Orientalist, Linguist, Historian, Ethnographer)
1372:
Baichorov S. Ya. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1339:(1867–1931) (Turkologist, ethnographer, ancient musical arts)
803:
Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences
798:
Novichev Aron Davydovich (1902–1987) (family name Rabinovic)
204:(1905–1927) inaugurated specialised periodicals, followed by
2026:
Shcherbak, A. M. (1926–2008) (Turkologist, runiform writing)
469:, the author of fundamental scientific works and textbooks (
353:
244:
1402:
Batmanov I. A. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
323:
Turkology scholars persecuted in 20th-century Soviet Russia
174:
initiated a more scientific approach to Turkology with his
3104:
1826:
Ménage, V. L. (1920–2015) (British turkologist, historian)
1710:(Cantemir) (1673–1723) (historian, linguist, ethnographer)
1426:
Bidjiev Kh. Kh.-M. (1939–1999) (archeologist, Turkologist)
1209:
imprisoned him in Kostanay General Prison, where he died.
522:
Baryi Battal-Taimas (Saetbattalov Gabdelbaryi, 1883–1969)
2508:
1387:
Barfield T. J. (history, anthropology, and social theory)
3099:
1934:(or Jan) (1761–1815) (ethnologist, linguist, historian)
1848:
Mukhamadiev, A. (Numismatist, orientalist, philologist)
1464:
Chia-sheng, Feng (Jiasheng, Fen Tszia-shen, C. S. Feng)
810:
Odabash (Temirdjan) Abibulla Abdureshid (1891 – 1938?)
4435:
International Organization of Turkic Culture (TÜRKSOY)
3089:
2084:) (1825–1902) (Orientalist, numismatist, archeologist)
1794:
Liu Mau-tsai (Liu Guan-ying) (Sinologist, Turkologist)
789:
railroad engineer, activist, historian, member of the
644:
Gubaidullin Gaziz (Gabdulgaziz Salihovich, 1887–1937)
604:/Peoples of Asia and Africa, 1967, No 1, p. 208.
450:(1970), Turkologist, public figure, founder of modern
176:
Comparative dictionaries of all languages and dialects
2255:
Kemper, Michael; Conermann, Stephan (February 2011).
2180:(1928–1983) (Orientalist, historian, and philologist)
2153:(王国维, 1877–1927) (Sinologist, historian, philologist)
1627:
Hamilton, J. R. (linguist, Uighur and Chigil studies)
1260:" driven by a post-soviet need for nation-building.
2359:
Krymsky, Ahatanhel. Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine
1928:(1905–2000) (Turkologist, ethnographer, ethnologist)
1677:
Howorth, H. H. (1842–1923) (archeologist, historian)
4909:
4516:
4422:
4386:
4269:
4243:
4156:
4108:
4101:
4022:
3971:
3886:
3466:
3415:
3155:
2047:(1953–2005) (linguist, Altaic languages hypothesis)
1546:(1919–2007) (linguist, Turkologist, Hungarologist )
1317:(1924–2003) (archeologist, historian, investigated
2147:Velyaminov-Zernov, V. V. (1830–1904) (Turkologist)
1716:(1929–1994) (archeologist, historian, Turkologist)
1582:Giraud, M. R. (1904–1968) (philologist, historian)
930:persecution in 1938 and perished without a trace.
391:Abdrahimov Ali Rahim (Ali Shakirovich, 1892–1943)
3085:SOTA Research Centre for Turkestan and Azerbaijan
3037:"Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages"
2174:(1842–1894) (archeologist, Turkologist, explorer)
1570:(1924–2007) (historian, Turkologist, Kurdologist)
1357:(1928–2002), (Orientalist, Manichaeism historian)
2093:(1842–1927) (Danish linguist, decipherer of the
1767:(1877–1955) (17-languages polyglot, Turkologist)
1531:(Philologist, Turkologist, comparative linguist)
1444:(Boodberg) (1903–1972) (Sinologist, orientalist)
1399:(1905–1995) (Turkologist, linguist, ethnologist)
696:Kudoyarov Galyautdin Gainutdinovich (189I-1966)
2065:(1921–2004) (linguist, Central Asian philology)
2023:Seydakmatov, K. (Turkologist, runiform writing)
1779:Kyzlasov, I. L. (Turkologist, runiform writing)
1154:(Validov Ahmetzaki Ahmetshakhovich, 1890–1970)
971:Schmidt Alexey Viktorovich (1884 or 1885–1935)
3028:, Moscow, Science, 1974 – Кононов А.Н., ред.,
1382:Bang W. (Bang Kaup J. W., J. Kaup) (1869–1934)
1019:Shteinberg Lev (Haim) Yakovlevich (1861–1927)
963:Sharaf Galimdyan Sharafutdinovich (1896–1950)
4493:
3125:
3095:Turkish Studies Institutes, Departments Links
2029:Siemieniec-Gołaś, Ewa (Turkologist, linguist)
1080:Teploukhov Sergey Alexandrovich (1888–1934?)
8:
4468:State with limited international recognition
2144:Velikhanly, N. M (Velikhanova) (Orientalist)
1845:Moravcsik, Gyula (1892–1972) (Byzantinology)
748:Martinovich Nikolai Nikolaevich (1883–1939)
205:
199:
3035:Starostin, Sergei/Dybo, Anna/Mudrak, Oleg,
2448:Sheiko, Konstantin; Brown, Stephen (2014).
2115:Vainberg, B. I. (archeologist, numismatist)
1809:(1880–1957) (Orientalist, runiform writing)
1498:(1801–1872, Russian language lexicographer)
1473:(1891–1974) (Orientalist, Turkish language)
1296:Adamovic M. (Uralic languages, Turkologist)
760:Miller Alexander Alexandrovich (1875–1937)
494:Baiburtly Yagya Nadji Suleiman (1876–1943)
163:
4500:
4486:
4478:
4105:
3883:
3412:
3132:
3118:
3110:
3041:"Этимологический Словарь Алтайских языков"
1680:Hulsewe, A. F. P. (1910–1993) (Sinologist)
1618:Halasi-Kun Tibor (1914–1991) (Turkologist)
486:Asfendiarov Sanjar Jafarovich (1889–1938)
356:. Please do not remove this message until
247:. Please do not remove this message until
1866:Nasilov, D. M. (Turkologist, philologist)
887:Archeologist and ethnographer, worked in
818:Polivanov Eugene Dmitrievich (1891–1938)
585:Choban-zade Bekir Vagap ogly (1893–1937)
376:Learn how and when to remove this message
267:Learn how and when to remove this message
2543:scholar of Iranian studies (1928–2002)."
2141:Vasiliev, D. D. (Türkic runiform script)
2087:Tietze, Andreas (1914–2003; Turkologist)
2014:Senigova, T. N. (Fine Arts, Turkologist)
1898:Podolak, Barbara (Turkologist, linguist)
1818:McGovern W. M. (1897–1964) (Orientalist)
1782:Lagashov, B. R. (Caucasology, philology)
1597:Golubovsky P. V. (1857–1907) (historian)
1363:(1912–1992) (Etruscologist, Orientalist)
1059:Talanov Nikolai Georgievich (1897–1938)
720:Latynin Boris Alexandrovich (1899–1967)
387:
352:Relevant discussion may be found on the
243:Relevant discussion may be found on the
20:
2258:The Heritage of Soviet Oriental Studies
2247:
2214:Zieme, P. W. H. (Turkologist, linguist)
2205:Vásáry, István (Turkologist, historian)
2202:Zehren, E. (Orientalist, archeologist)
1722:(social anthropologist and ethnologist)
1525:Drompp M. R. (Orientalist, Turkologist)
987:persecutions in the middle of the 50es
865:(Radlov Vasily Vasilievich, 1837–1918)
770:Mirbaba ogly Usif Vesir (Chemenzemenly)
533:Bertels Eugene Edwardovich (1890–1957)
207:Mitteilungen zur Osmanischen Geschichte
16:Study of the Turkic language and people
2410:Word formation in the Turkic languages
2211:(Turkologist, philologist, politician)
2011:Samolin, W. (1911–1972?) (Orientalist)
1881:(1741–1811) (naturalist, ethnographer)
1143:Vahidov Said Gabdulmannan (1887–1937)
1068:Tchernyshev Eugeny Ivanovich (1894–?)
630:field collector, Inspector, collector
291:'s political oppression movement, the
2443:
2441:
2426:
2424:
1832:(1883–1957) (Hungarian ethnographer,
1791:(1860–1930) (archaeologist, explorer)
1650:Hazai, György (Turkologist, linguist)
1423:(1777–1853) (Sinologist, orientalist)
1041:Sultan-Galiev Mirsaid Haidargalievich
736:Mansurov Gasim Gatievich (1894–1955)
635:Fielstrup Feodor Arturovich (1889–?)
565:Bodaninsky Usein Abdrefi (1877–1938)
180:Grammar of the Turkish-Tatar language
7:
2585:BANG KAUP, JOHANN WILHELM MAX JULIUS
1937:Poucha, P. (Central Asian philology)
1770:Kurat, A. N. (historian) (1903–1971)
1507:Doblhofer E. (Historical philology,)
1467:Csirkés, Ferenc Péter (Orientalist)
1293:(1605–1664) (historian, Turkologist)
1170:Zabirov Vali Abdurahman (1897–1937)
1131:Umnyakov Ivan Ivanovich (1890–1976)
1097:Tsintsius Vera Ivanovna (1903–1981)
1063:same day shot to death in Leningrad
2168:(1896–1988) (Sinologist, historian)
1872:(1890–1976) (Turkologist, linguist)
1701:Jdanko, T. (Zhdanko) (ethnographer)
868:Outstanding Turkologist, graduated
683:Turkologist, linguist.Professor of
3100:Turuz – Online Turkic Dictionaries
3043:), 3 vols, Leiden and Boston 2003
2053:(Philip Johan Tabbert) (1676–1747)
935:Sagidov Karim Muhamet (1888–1939)
923:Rykov Paul Sergeevich (1884–1942)
588:Outstanding Soviet Turkologist. A
14:
1922:(1835–1920) (Explorer, historian)
1854:(1705–83) (father of ethnography)
1785:Laude-Cirtautas, Ilse (Turkology)
1105:Tsovikian Horem Mkrt (1900–1942)
953:Samoylovich Alexander Nikolaevich
655:Turkologist, linguist. Docent of
94:, which contains information for
25:Turkic language map-present range
3457:
3141:
2454:. ibidem Press. pp. 58–62.
1875:Ogel, B. (1923–1989) (Philology)
1186:Ahatanhel Krymsky (1871 – 1942)
615:writer and scientist. Killed in
331:
222:
4440:Parliamentary Assembly (TURKPA)
2038:, Marek (linguist, etymologist)
1956:Räsänen, Martti (Ryasyanen, M.)
1761:(anthropologist, archaeologist)
426:Aqçoqraqlı Osman Nuri-Asan oğlu
165:Thesaurus Linguarum Orientalium
134:, Turkology was centred around
2890:MINORSKY, Vladimir Fed'orovich
1952:(1873–1950) (Altaic languages)
1916:(1897–1991) (linguist-Altaist)
1895:Pletneva, S. A. (archeologist)
1755:, W. (1872–1944) (Orientalist)
1692:Jankowski Henryk (turkologist)
992:Sheikhzade Maksud (1908–1967)
577:Cherman Timofei Pavlovich (?)
497:Principal in Türkic school in
437:Akhatov Gabdulkhay Khuramovich
150:, and the Turkic languages of
1:
4430:Organization of Turkic States
3090:ATON at Texas Tech University
2032:Smirnova, O. I. (numismatist)
1906:Поливанов, Евгений Дмитриевич
980:Serov Anton Mikhailovich (?)
728:Leibovich Eugene Solomon (?)
709:Khudyakov Michael Georgievich
184:Grammar of the Yakut language
2896:Encyclopædia Iranica on line
2339:Encyclopædia Iranica on line
2232:Institute of Turkish Studies
2008:) (Orientalist, Turkologist)
214:Persecution in Soviet Russia
3105:Turklib – Turkistan Library
2591:Encyclopædia Iranica online
2547:Encyclopædia Iranica online
1973:Rasovsky, D. A. (historian)
1414:(Uralic and Altaic Studies)
944:Saifi Fatyh Kameletdin (?)
358:conditions to do so are met
249:conditions to do so are met
5019:
3061:İstanbul Kültür University
2121:(Orientalist, philologist)
2109:(1907–1976) (archeologist)
2041:Stachowski, St. (linguist)
1976:Rémi-Giraud, S. (linguist)
1797:Lubotsky, A. (philologist)
1704:Johanson, L. (Turkologist)
1552:(1931–2000) (archeologist)
1287:(1905–1977) (ethnographer)
1275:
1239:
4463:
3455:
2945:. Tass. 21 November 2021.
2415:Columbia University Press
2193:(1903–1970) (Turkologist)
2081:
1970:(1899–1984) (Turkologist)
1842:(1877–1966) (Orientalist)
1698:(1907–2002) (Turkologist)
1588:(1886–1924) (Sociologist)
1513:(1920–2003) (Turkologist)
1492:(1721–1800) (Orientalist)
1408:(Sinologist, orientalist)
1393:(1869–1930) (Orientalist)
1378:(1899–1996) (Orientalist)
1369:(1877–1965) (Orientalist)
1345:(1847–1903) (Orientalist)
1236:Pseudoscientific theories
680:Giniyatovich (1911-1968)
602:"Bekir Choban-zade Vagap"
4045:Timeline of the Göktürks
2493:11 February 2012 at the
2407:Frankle, Elanor (1948).
2220:(1932–2006) (Sinologist)
2119:Vaissière, Étienne de la
2112:Tremblay, X. (philology)
1887:(1878–1945) (Sinologist)
1738:Köprülü, M. F. (Koprulu)
1674:(1845–1927) (Sinologist)
1603:(1854–1921) (Sinologist)
1558:(philologist, historian)
1461:(1865–1918) (Sinologist)
1438:(1833–1901) (Sinologist)
882:Rudenko Sergey Ivanovich
863:Radloff Fridrich Wilhelm
689:Bashkir State University
624:A. A. Divay (1855–1933)
2961:5 February 2009 at the
2051:von Strahlenberg, P. J.
1940:Puech, H.-C. (linguist)
1776:(Tibetology, Religions)
1656:(1913–2005) (Mongolist)
1579:(1737–1794) (historian)
1384:(Turkologist, linguist)
1327:(1898–1976) (historian)
781:Mukhamedzhan Tynyshpaev
182:(1839), O. N. Betlingk
86:Dīwān ul-Lughat it-Turk
3759:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3078:29 August 2006 at the
3024:Kononov A.N., editor,
2184:Zajączkowski, Ananiasz
2004:(1880–1938, killed in
1860:(1860–1937) (linguist)
1852:Müller, G. F. (Miller)
1815:(Markwart) (1864–1930)
1801:Maenchen-Helfen, O. J.
1633:(1917–2004) (linguist)
1550:Fedorov-Davydov, G. A.
1522:(1835–1909) (linguist)
1504:(1895–1979) (linguist)
1432:(Orientalist, Arabist)
1269:
821:Linguist-Orientalist (
206:
200:
164:
112:bilingual dictionaries
26:
4256:Proto-Turkic language
3887:Extinct Turkic groups
2677:20 March 2009 at the
2372:. Avdet. 24 June 2015
2006:Stalinist repressions
1278:Category:Turkologists
1265:
1240:Further information:
874:Alexander Samoylovich
598:Alexander Samoylovich
24:
4455:World Turks Qurultai
3066:29 June 2014 at the
2923:on 24 September 2005
2771:Encyclopædia Iranica
2765:Zieme, Peter Zieme.
2698:16 July 2011 at the
2537:Sundermann, Werner.
2509:Professor G. Akhatov
1613:Gumilev, L. (Arslan)
1291:Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur
1272:List of Turkologists
699:Publicist, teacher,
659:language faculty in
609:Cholpan (1897–1937)
201:Türkische Bibliothek
160:F. Mesgnien-Meninski
62:Turks in the Balkans
4932:Culture by location
4196:Karachay-Cherkessia
2751:Saray-al-mahrusa.ru
2714:Eurasianhistory.com
2541:ASMUSSEN, Jes Peter
2522:Krymsky, Ahatanhel
2095:Orkhon inscriptions
1728:(political science)
1666:von Herberstein, S.
1258:Russian imperialism
1028:Sidorov Alexey (?)
457:and creator of the
345:of this section is
236:of this section is
168:published in 1680.
44:of people speaking
4967:Vernacular culture
4691:Germanic languages
4387:Traditional sports
4191:Kabardino-Balkaria
3811:Meskhetia (Ahiska)
2314:on 7 December 2021
2209:Zhirinovsky, V. V.
2161:Stig Wikander (sv)
2101:Togan, Zeki Velidi
2059:(Altaic languages)
2002:Samoilovich, A. N.
1980:William of Rubruck
1601:de Groot, J. J. M.
1490:de Guignes, Joseph
1333:(runiform writing)
404:Ayvazov Asan Sabri
82:Mahmud al-Kashgari
27:
4975:
4974:
4957:Political culture
4475:
4474:
4251:Old Turkic script
4239:
4238:
4050:Timeline 500–1300
3967:
3966:
3453:
3452:
3312:Kipchak languages
3267:Karamanli Turkish
3016:elte.academia.edu
2831:on 3 October 2008
2732:on 7 October 2008
2268:978-1-136-83854-5
2137:Vandewalle, Johan
2125:Valihanov, Chokan
2082:Tizengauzen, V.G.
1726:Kitsikis, Dimitri
1684:Ismagulov, Orazak
1637:Hashimoto Mantaro
1436:Bretschneider, E.
1306:Ahatanhel Krymsky
1213:
1212:
1152:Validi-Togan Zaki
668:Huluflu Veli (?)
652:Hakim Nigmat (?)
386:
385:
378:
277:
276:
269:
110:. There are also
5010:
4998:Cultural studies
4947:Official culture
4927:Cultural studies
4616:Central European
4510:cultural studies
4502:
4495:
4488:
4479:
4297:Tibetan Buddhism
4277:Turkic mythology
4158:Autonomous areas
4110:Sovereign states
4106:
3884:
3866:
3841:
3738:
3715:
3677:
3628:
3593:
3554:Crimean Karaites
3528:
3505:
3461:
3413:
3292:Khorasani Turkic
3146:
3145:
3144:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3111:
3018:
3013:
3007:
3006:
2999:
2993:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2919:. Archived from
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2886:Bosworth, C. E.
2883:
2877:
2875:Northwestern.edu
2872:
2866:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2827:. Archived from
2821:
2815:
2810:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2728:. Archived from
2722:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2669:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2630:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2445:
2436:
2435:
2428:
2419:
2418:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2390:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2333:Ivanov, Anatol.
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2310:. Archived from
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2252:
2192:
2172:Yadrintsev, N.V.
2166:Wittfogel, K. A.
2091:Thomsen, Vilhelm
2083:
2076:
2069:von Tiesenhausen
1997:
1969:
1910:
1902:Polivanov, E. D.
1746:(Dialectologist)
1714:Khalikov, A. Kh.
1686:(anthropologist)
1645:Mandarin Chinese
1641:Altaic languages
1568:Gasratjan, M. A.
1485:
1421:Bichurin, N. Ya.
1331:Amanjolov, A. S.
1242:Pseudo-Turkology
1198:Brockhaus, Efron
685:Bashkir language
388:
381:
374:
370:
367:
361:
335:
334:
327:
272:
265:
261:
258:
252:
226:
225:
218:
209:
203:
190:inscriptions by
167:
148:Turkish language
46:Turkic languages
5018:
5017:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5007:
4978:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4905:
4866:Southeast Asian
4791:Native American
4512:
4506:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4459:
4418:
4382:
4265:
4235:
4152:
4133:Northern Cyprus
4097:
4083:Altai Mountains
4018:
3963:
3882:
3862:
3807:North Macedonia
3749:
3730:
3687:
3673:
3669:Siberian Tatars
3624:
3609:Khorasani Turks
3589:
3516:
3485:
3462:
3449:
3411:
3332:Ottoman Turkish
3252:Karachay-Balkar
3151:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3080:Wayback Machine
3068:Wayback Machine
3057:
3021:
3014:
3010:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2963:Wayback Machine
2954:
2950:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2926:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2858:
2852:
2850:Liveinternet.ru
2848:
2844:
2834:
2832:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2811:
2807:
2800:
2796:
2789:
2785:
2775:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2700:Wayback Machine
2691:
2687:
2681:
2679:Wayback Machine
2670:
2666:
2661:sabanciuniv.edu
2659:
2655:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2551:
2549:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2495:Wayback Machine
2486:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2462:
2447:
2446:
2439:
2434:. 22 July 2021.
2430:
2429:
2422:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2376:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2237:Ottoman studies
2228:
2223:
2186:
2072:
2063:Tenishev, E. R.
1991:
1963:
1950:Ramstedt, G. H.
1908:
1840:Minorsky, V. F.
1830:Mészáros, Gyula
1822:Mélikoff, Irène
1744:Korkmaz, Zeynep
1479:
1477:Čaušević, Ekrem
1448:Çağatay, Saadet
1430:Bosworth, C. E.
1397:Baskakov, N. A.
1355:Asmussen, J. P.
1285:Abramzon, S. M.
1280:
1274:
1244:
1238:
1191:Ukrainian-Tatar
1089:Tsedenishe (?)
975:interrogations
917:Altai Mountains
903:, professor in
678:Keyekbaev Jalil
511:Baytusyn Akhmet
382:
371:
365:
362:
351:
336:
332:
325:
273:
262:
256:
253:
242:
227:
223:
216:
162:'s four-volume
91:Codex Cumanicus
78:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5016:
5014:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4980:
4979:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4937:Ethnic studies
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4781:Middle Eastern
4778:
4773:
4768:
4766:Latin American
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4539:Asian American
4531:
4526:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4482:
4473:
4472:
4464:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4445:Turkic Academy
4442:
4437:
4432:
4426:
4424:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4342:Khalwati order
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4322:Bektashi Order
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:Karakalpakstan
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4166:Altai Republic
4162:
4160:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4114:
4112:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4067:Nomadic empire
4064:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3890:
3888:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3835:Western Thrace
3741:
3740:
3739:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:Crimean Tatars
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3421:
3419:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3362:Siberian Tatar
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3167:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3070:
3056:
3055:External links
3053:
3052:
3051:
3033:
3020:
3019:
3008:
2994:
2983:
2969:
2956:Kunstkamera.ru
2948:
2934:
2917:"Getcited.org"
2908:
2878:
2867:
2856:
2842:
2816:
2805:
2794:
2783:
2757:
2743:
2717:
2706:
2685:
2664:
2653:
2639:
2625:
2614:
2603:
2573:
2559:
2529:
2515:
2501:
2480:
2471:
2461:978-3838265650
2460:
2437:
2420:
2399:
2385:
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2362:
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2194:
2181:
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2169:
2163:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:Sergey Tolstov
2104:
2098:
2088:
2085:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2009:
1999:
1986:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1929:
1926:Potapov, L. P.
1923:
1920:Potanin, G. N.
1917:
1911:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1891:Peskov, Dmitry
1888:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1837:
1836:, Turkologist)
1827:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:von Le Coq, A.
1786:
1783:
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1777:
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1660:Henning, W. B.
1657:
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1616:
1610:
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1598:
1595:
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1562:von Gabain, A.
1559:
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1450:
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1442:Budberg, P. A.
1439:
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1394:
1391:Bartold, W. W.
1388:
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1379:
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1358:
1352:
1346:
1343:Aristov, N. A.
1340:
1337:Anokhin, A. V.
1334:
1328:
1322:
1315:Akishev, K. A.
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:Akhatov G. Kh.
1297:
1294:
1288:
1281:
1273:
1270:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1218:online edition
1211:
1210:
1187:
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1171:
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1128:
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1101:
1098:
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919:
885:
878:
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866:
859:
858:
819:
815:
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806:
799:
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784:
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773:
766:
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761:
757:
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749:
745:
744:
737:
733:
732:
729:
725:
724:
721:
717:
716:
712:
705:
704:
701:Tatarstan ASSR
697:
693:
692:
681:
674:
673:
669:
665:
664:
653:
649:
648:
645:
641:
640:
636:
632:
631:
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621:
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586:
582:
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491:
490:
487:
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482:
440:
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432:
429:
422:
421:
407:
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392:
384:
383:
339:
337:
330:
324:
321:
282:intelligentsia
275:
274:
230:
228:
221:
215:
212:
152:Eastern Europe
144:Ottoman Empire
77:
74:
50:Turkic peoples
38:Turkic studies
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5015:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
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4989:
4986:
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4983:
4968:
4965:
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4962:Super culture
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
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4908:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
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4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
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4827:
4824:
4822:
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4799:
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4779:
4777:
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4769:
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4737:
4734:
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4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
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4689:
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4682:
4679:
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4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
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4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
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4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4550:
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4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
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4515:
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4503:
4498:
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4425:
4423:Organizations
4421:
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4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
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4379:
4378:Vattisen Yaly
4376:
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4371:
4369:
4366:
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4360:
4358:
4355:
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4323:
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4298:
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4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
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4171:Bashkortostan
4169:
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4060:Turkification
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3675:Baraba Tatars
3672:
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3430:Common Turkic
3428:
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3418:
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3408:
3407:Western Yugur
3405:
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3223:
3222:Crimean Tatar
3220:
3218:
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3210:
3208:
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3200:
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3081:
3077:
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3054:
3050:
3049:90-04-13153-1
3046:
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3009:
3003:
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2727:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2710:
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2697:
2694:
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2682:(in Croatian)
2680:
2676:
2673:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2634:
2633:Elbrusoid.org
2629:
2626:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2577:
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2568:
2567:Elbrusoid.org
2563:
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2519:
2516:
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2336:
2329:
2326:
2313:
2309:
2308:"VLIB.iue.it"
2303:
2300:
2288:
2284:
2283:"Great Purge"
2278:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2261:. Routledge.
2260:
2259:
2251:
2248:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2199:(Philologist)
2198:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2158:
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2079:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2045:Starostin, S.
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1989:Rossi, Ettore
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
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1930:
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1924:
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1918:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:Pallas, P. S.
1877:
1874:
1871:
1870:Németh, Gyula
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
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1759:Kradin, N. N.
1757:
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1626:
1623:
1622:Gustav Haloun
1620:
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1518:
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1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:Dilaçar, Agop
1500:
1497:
1496:Dal, Vladimir
1494:
1491:
1488:
1486:(Turkologist)
1483:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:Chavannes, E.
1457:
1454:
1451:
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1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
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1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
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1392:
1389:
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1377:
1376:Bailey, H. W.
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1349:Artamonov, M.
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
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1323:
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1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1226:Tallgren A.M.
1224:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1185:
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1111:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:Historian of
1070:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1030:
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929:
925:
922:
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918:
914:
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906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
889:Transbaikalia
886:
883:
880:
879:
875:
871:
867:
864:
861:
860:
857:
853:
849:
846:(1929–1931),
845:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
817:
816:
812:
809:
808:
804:
800:
797:
796:
792:
788:
785:
783:(1879–1937?)
782:
779:
778:
774:
771:
768:
767:
762:
759:
758:
754:
750:
747:
746:
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734:
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727:
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719:
718:
713:
710:
707:
706:
702:
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686:
682:
679:
676:
675:
670:
667:
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658:
654:
651:
650:
646:
643:
642:
637:
634:
633:
629:
626:
623:
622:
619:persecutions
618:
614:
611:
608:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:Crimean Tatar
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
575:
571:
567:
564:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
532:
531:
528:
524:
521:
520:
515:
512:
509:
508:
505:imprisonment
504:
500:
496:
493:
492:
488:
485:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
453:
449:
445:
441:
438:
435:
434:
430:
427:
424:
423:
420:
416:
412:
408:
405:
402:
401:
397:
393:
390:
389:
380:
377:
369:
359:
355:
349:
348:
344:
338:
329:
328:
322:
320:
316:
314:
310:
305:
299:
296:
294:
290:
285:
283:
271:
268:
260:
250:
246:
240:
239:
235:
229:
220:
219:
213:
211:
208:
202:
197:
196:W. W. Radloff
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
75:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
23:
19:
5003:Turkologists
4993:Area studies
4922:Area studies
4917:Anthropology
4880:
4831:Scandinavian
4761:Kremlinology
4681:Filipinology
4357:Qalandariyya
4332:Christianity
4260:
4143:Turkmenistan
4081: /
4072:Turco-Mongol
3511:Azerbaijanis
3040:
3036:
3029:
3025:
3011:
3005:(in Russian)
3002:Vostlit.info
2997:
2991:Blogspot.com
2986:
2980:(in Russian)
2972:
2966:(in Russian)
2951:
2937:
2925:. Retrieved
2921:the original
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2895:
2889:
2881:
2870:
2859:
2853:(in Russian)
2845:
2833:. Retrieved
2829:the original
2825:"Sektam.net"
2819:
2808:
2797:
2786:
2774:. Retrieved
2770:
2760:
2754:(in Russian)
2746:
2734:. Retrieved
2730:the original
2720:
2709:
2703:(in Russian)
2688:
2667:
2656:
2642:
2636:(in Russian)
2628:
2617:
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2590:
2584:
2576:
2570:(in Russian)
2562:
2550:. Retrieved
2546:
2540:
2532:
2526:(in English)
2518:
2512:(in Russian)
2504:
2498:(in Russian)
2483:
2474:
2465:
2450:
2417:. p. 2.
2409:
2402:
2396:(in Russian)
2388:
2377:
2365:
2354:
2342:. Retrieved
2338:
2328:
2316:. Retrieved
2312:the original
2302:
2290:. Retrieved
2286:
2277:
2257:
2250:
2178:Yudin, V. P.
2157:Wikander, S.
2057:Tekin, Talât
1932:Potocki, Yan
1914:Poppe, N. N.
1909:(in Russian)
1858:Munkacsi, B.
1813:Marquart, J.
1807:Malov, S. E.
1765:Küner, N. V.
1732:Klaproth, J.
1720:Khazanov, A.
1708:Kantemir, D.
1631:Harmatta, J.
1607:Grousset, R.
1538:Erdal Marcel
1412:Beckwith, C.
1319:Issyk Kurgan
1266:
1262:
1253:Genghis Khan
1249:Jesus Christ
1245:
1043:(1892–1940)
955:(1880–1938)
884:(1885–1969)
772:(1887–1943)
711:(1894–1936)
601:
570:Bakhchysarai
550:Turkmenistan
513:(1873–1937)
499:Bakhchysarai
455:dialectology
439:(1927–1986)
428:(1878–1938)
406:(1878–1938)
372:
363:
341:
317:
313:O.Suleimenov
303:
300:
297:
286:
278:
263:
254:
232:
183:
179:
175:
172:P. S. Pallas
170:
156:Western Asia
89:
85:
79:
37:
33:
29:
28:
18:
4796:New Zealand
4636:Circumpolar
4581:Assyriology
4347:Malamatiyya
3999:Pan-Turkism
3979:Grey Wolves
3944:Oghuz Turks
3864:Afghanistan
3649:Qarai Turks
3579:Karakalpaks
3347:Sakha/Yakut
3237:Fuyü Gïrgïs
3192:Azerbaijani
2813:Archive.org
2791:NYtimes.com
2726:"Umass.edu"
2488:KRSU.edu.kg
2382:pdf IHST.ru
2318:26 November
2187: [
2151:Wang Guowei
2133:(1832–1913)
2131:Vambery, A.
2018:Sergi Jikia
1992: [
1964: [
1961:Rasonyi, L.
1946:(1837–1918)
1944:Radloff, W.
1885:Pelliot, P.
1834:Orientalist
1774:Kvaerne, P.
1740:(1890–1966)
1696:Jarring, G.
1662:(1908–1967)
1654:Heissig, W.
1624:(1898–1951)
1615:(1912–1992)
1609:(1885–1952)
1594:(historian)
1556:Frye, R. N.
1529:Dybo, A. V.
1511:Doerfer, G.
1480: [
1471:Clauson, G.
1455:(1813–1852)
1406:Bazin Louis
1325:Altheim, F.
1194:Orientalist
1108:Ethnically
996:Azerbaijani
687:faculty in
503:Arkhangelsk
467:phraseology
442:Scientist,
309:L.N.Gumilev
293:Great Purge
132:Middle Ages
122:as well as
4982:Categories
4771:Macedonian
4751:Kartvelian
4666:Eskimology
4656:Egyptology
4651:East Asian
4596:Belarusian
4586:Australian
4529:Albanology
4327:Burkhanism
4292:Aiyy Faith
4211:Nakhchivan
4148:Uzbekistan
4128:Kyrgyzstan
4123:Kazakhstan
4118:Azerbaijan
3989:Burkhanism
3815:Montenegro
3779:Dodecanese
3440:Old Uyghur
3425:Old Turkic
3327:Old Turkic
3262:Karakalpak
2581:Zieme, P.
2243:References
2197:Zakiev, M.
2036:Stachowski
1592:Golden, P.
1586:Gökalp, Z.
1577:Gibbon, E.
1540:(linguist)
1520:Donner, O.
1361:Ayda Adile
1276:See also:
1126:province.
1008:Uzbekistan
1004:Azerbaijan
897:Kazakhstan
791:Alash Orda
419:Simferopol
343:neutrality
234:neutrality
192:V. Thomsen
4988:Turkology
4952:Philology
4942:Ethnology
4886:Ukrainian
4881:Turkology
4786:Mongolian
4716:Hispanism
4711:Hungarian
4671:Ethiopian
4641:Coptology
4571:Aromanian
4508:Regional
4373:Zahediyeh
4368:Safaviyya
4317:Bayramiye
4312:Batiniyya
4287:Shamanism
4270:Religions
4261:Turkology
4221:Tatarstan
4206:Khakassia
4176:Chuvashia
4102:Locations
4079:Tian Shan
4055:Migration
4030:Turkestan
4013:Hungarian
4004:Turkesism
3701:Kryashens
3689:Astrakhan
3614:Krymchaks
3574:Karachays
3495:Telengits
3491:Kumandins
3417:Alphabets
3247:Ili Turki
3157:Languages
2864:Tibet.com
2218:Zuev, Yu.
2074:‹See Tfd›
1672:Hirth, F.
1367:Bacot, J.
1136:Stalinist
1124:Yaroslavl
1052:Stalinist
1033:Stalinist
1012:Stalinist
985:Stalinist
928:Stalinist
905:Petrograd
901:Bashkiria
844:Samarkand
753:Petrograd
617:Stalinist
594:Stalinist
556:Academy (
552:, 1951),
548:Academy (
544:, 1944),
540:Academy (
471:Tatarstan
448:philology
444:professor
366:June 2020
354:talk page
257:June 2020
245:talk page
136:Byzantine
130:. In the
42:ethnology
34:Turcology
30:Turkology
4896:Yugoslav
4851:Sinology
4836:Scottish
4801:Oriental
4776:Mandaean
4741:Japanese
4721:Indology
4706:Hellenic
4696:Hawaiian
4676:European
4646:Croatian
4606:Canadian
4566:Armenian
4534:American
4337:Hurufism
4282:Tengrism
4231:Xinjiang
4186:Gagauzia
4035:Mongolia
4009:Turanism
3984:Kemalism
3972:Politics
3934:Kipchaks
3914:Göktürks
3909:Dughlats
3763:Bulgaria
3751:Abkhazia
3726:Turkmens
3709:Nağaybäk
3539:Bashkirs
3503:Tubalars
3487:Chelkans
3481:Altaians
3435:Cyrillic
3337:Pecheneg
3302:Krymchak
3207:Chagatai
3180:Southern
3175:Northern
3076:Archived
3064:Archived
2977:Rulex.ru
2959:Archived
2696:Archived
2675:Archived
2491:Archived
2226:See also
1544:Eren, H.
1181:in 1937
1110:Armenian
848:Tashkent
823:Japanese
628:Bashkurt
554:Damascus
546:Ashgabat
527:Istanbul
347:disputed
238:disputed
146:and the
120:Armenian
64:and the
56:in East
4910:Related
4846:Serbian
4841:Semitic
4826:Russian
4816:Romance
4806:Pacific
4736:Italian
4726:Iranian
4701:Hebraic
4661:English
4631:Chinese
4621:Chicano
4561:Aramaic
4524:African
4414:Chovgan
4394:Kyz kuu
4307:Alevism
4244:Studies
4040:History
4023:Origins
3954:Türgesh
3924:Khazars
3919:Karluks
3899:Bulgars
3874:(Sakha)
3852:Uyghurs
3831:Tunisia
3819:Romania
3799:Lebanon
3767:Croatia
3755:Algeria
3744:Turkish
3736:Iranian
3721:Tofalar
3693:Chinese
3654:Qashqai
3639:Naimans
3584:Kazakhs
3564:Dolgans
3549:Chuvash
3544:Chulyms
3534:Balkars
3526:Georgia
3522:Armenia
3499:Teleuts
3476:Afshars
3468:Peoples
3445:Persian
3382:Turkmen
3377:Turkish
3342:Qashqai
3297:Kipchak
3217:Chuvash
3197:Bashkir
2672:FFZG.hr
2393:IHST.ru
2292:19 June
2287:HISTORY
2078:Russian
1753:Kotwicz
1179:Solovki
1138:period
1073:Tataria
998:, then
915:in the
913:kurgans
910:Pazyryk
827:Chinese
411:Crimean
128:Russian
124:Kipchak
116:Kipchak
100:Persian
84:in the
76:History
70:Moldova
60:to the
58:Siberia
4901:Zhuang
4876:Taiwan
4871:Syriac
4861:Somali
4856:Slavic
4821:Romani
4811:Polish
4756:Korean
4746:Jewish
4686:German
4611:Celtic
4601:Bengal
4591:Balkan
4549:Latino
4404:Kokpar
4399:Jereed
4362:Rifaʽi
4352:Qadiri
4181:Crimea
4138:Turkey
4088:Otuken
3949:Shatuo
3939:K'o-sa
3904:Cumans
3894:Bulaqs
3878:Yugurs
3872:Yakuts
3857:Uzbeks
3847:Tuvans
3823:Serbia
3795:Kosovo
3791:Israel
3775:Cyprus
3732:Afghan
3705:Mishar
3683:Tatars
3644:Nogais
3634:Kumyks
3619:Kyrgyz
3604:Khalaj
3599:Khakas
3569:Gagauz
3397:Uyghur
3317:Kyrgyz
3287:Khazar
3282:Khalaj
3277:Khakas
3272:Kazakh
3257:Karaim
3242:Gagauz
3232:Dolgan
3212:Chulym
3202:Bulgar
3165:Afshar
3150:topics
3148:Turkic
3047:
2835:1 July
2802:RIN.ru
2736:14 May
2693:NSC.ru
2622:MPG.de
2611:BU.edu
2458:
2265:
2071:, W. (
1202:Granat
1200:, and
870:Berlin
856:Moscow
852:Frunze
839:Turkic
835:Korean
831:Dungan
787:Kazakh
538:Tehran
475:Russia
463:school
289:Stalin
188:Orkhon
108:German
106:, and
66:Gagauz
4891:Welsh
4731:Irish
4626:Czech
4576:Asian
4544:Black
4517:Local
4409:Jigit
4302:Islam
4216:Sakha
3994:Jadid
3929:Kimek
3839:Yemen
3827:Syria
3803:Libya
3783:Egypt
3771:Crete
3713:Volga
3697:Lipka
3664:Shors
3659:Salar
3626:China
3591:China
3402:Uzbek
3387:Tuvan
3367:Tatar
3352:Salar
3322:Nogai
3307:Kumyk
3227:Cuman
3170:Altai
2927:4 May
2901:6 May
2776:6 May
2596:6 May
2552:6 May
2344:6 May
2191:]
1996:]
1968:]
1484:]
1175:Tatar
1000:Uzbek
893:Altai
742:Murom
661:Kazan
657:Tatar
613:Uzbek
558:Syria
459:Kazan
452:Tatar
396:Kazan
140:Greek
104:Latin
96:Cuman
54:Sakha
4556:Arab
4226:Tuva
4093:Oğuz
3959:Uzes
3787:Iraq
3518:Iran
3392:Urum
3372:Tofa
3357:Shor
3187:Äynu
3045:ISBN
2929:2008
2903:2012
2837:2008
2778:2012
2738:2008
2598:2012
2554:2012
2456:ISBN
2346:2012
2320:2008
2294:2020
2263:ISBN
1251:and
1207:NKVD
1048:NKVD
899:and
542:Iran
479:USSR
415:NKVD
340:The
311:and
304:Türk
231:The
194:and
154:and
126:and
118:and
114:for
48:and
32:(or
3861:in
3748:in
3623:in
3588:in
3515:in
1643:on
1006:to
465:of
446:of
68:in
36:or
4984::
3837:,
3833:,
3829:,
3825:,
3821:,
3817:,
3813:,
3809:,
3805:,
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3793:,
3789:,
3785:,
3781:,
3777:,
3773:,
3769:,
3765:,
3761:,
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3753:,
3734:,
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3699:,
3695:,
3691:,
3524:,
3520:,
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3497:,
3493:,
3489:,
2894:.
2769:.
2589:.
2545:.
2464:.
2440:^
2423:^
2413:.
2337:.
2285:.
2189:pl
2080::
1994:it
1966:hu
1482:hr
1189:A
1173:A
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891:,
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833:,
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264:(
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251:.
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138:/
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