Mariology of the popes - Knowledge (XXG)

2312: 1600:. Mary, whose sinless soul was filled with the divine spirit of Jesus Christ above all other created souls, "in the name of the whole human race" gave her consent "for a spiritual marriage between the Son of God and human nature", thus elevating human nature beyond the realm of the purely material. Through her powerful prayers, she obtained that the spirit of our diviner redeemer should be bestowed on the newly founded Church at Pentecost. She is Most Holy Mother of all the members of Christ, and reigns in heaven with her Son, her body and soul refulgent with heavenly glory. 1294: 61: 1873:" gave her consent "for a spiritual marriage between the Son of God and human nature", thus elevating human nature beyond the realm of the purely material. She who, according to the flesh, was the mother of our Head, became mother of all His members. Through her powerful prayers, she obtained that the spirit of our Divine Redeemer should be bestowed on the newly founded Church at Pentecost. She is Most Holy Mother of all the members of Christ, and reigns in heaven with her Son, her body and soul refulgent with heavenly glory. 1061: 4300: 1977:, but also because God has willed her to have an exceptional role in the work of our eternal salvation." The encyclical argues, that Christ, because He redeemed us, is our Lord and king by a special title, so the Blessed Virgin also (is our queen), on account of the unique manner in which she assisted in our redemption, by giving of her own substance, by freely offering Him for us, by her singular desire and petition for, and active interest in, our salvation." 307: 1744:"Professional and civic affairs offer a vast field of Marian action. Gathered at the Virgin's feet, and open to her teachings, self-searching will uproot any false judgments and selfish impulses. ...The quest for social and political peace among men is, above all, a moral problem, because no reform can bear fruit, no agreement lasting without a conversion and cleansing of heart. In this jubilee year the Virgin of Lourdes reminds all men of this truth." 31: 1707: 2179: 7105: 5009: 5021: 1933: 2386:

chosen and destined to be the Mother of Christ. If this election is fundamental for the accomplishment of God's salvific designs for humanity, and if the eternal choice in Christ and the vocation to the dignity of adopted children is the destiny of everyone, then the election of Mary is wholly exceptional and unique. Hence also the singularity and uniqueness of her place in the mystery of Christ.

7094: 2650: 2298: 617: 1225: 1909:, which requested all Catholic bishops to express their opinion on a possible dogmatization. In this dogmatic statement, the phrase "having completed the course of her earthly life" leaves open the question of whether the Virgin Mary died before her Assumption, or, whether she was assumed before death; both possibilities are allowed. Mary's Assumption was a divine gift to Mary as 1111:, seeking the opinions of the bishops on the Immaculate Conception. Over 90 per cent of the bishops requested the dogmatization. Pius IX moved cautiously, on May 10, 1852, appointing a commission of twenty theologians to prepare a possible text of the dogma. Upon their completion, on December 2, 1852, he asked a commission of cardinals to finalize the text. 1554: 1757:

think of Mary, invoke Mary's aid. ...If you follow her, you will not stray; if you entreat her, you will not lose hope; if you reflect upon her, you will not err; if she supports you, you will not fall; if she protects you, you will not fear; if she leads you, you will not grow weary; if she is propitious, you will reach your goal."

952:. He permitted the title “Immaculate Conception” and instructed the Holy Office in 1712 not to persecute anyone invoking Mary using this title. The Feast of the Immaculate Conception, which existed only regionally, was prescribed for the whole Church. The Pope recommended the teachings and piety of Louis de Montfort and named him 1545:

the Council of Ephesus, he issued a call to the separated Orthodox Church to venerate Mary together and to overcome the schism. In several apostolic writings he supported praying the rosary. In 1931 he instituted the feast of motherhood of Mary. Pope Pius XI liked to quote Bernard of Clairvaux: "We have everything through Mary".

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the Savior. Therefore, all the faithful united to Christ are members of His body, of His flesh, and of His bones from the womb of Mary like a body united to its head. In a spiritual and mystical fashion, all are children of Mary, and she is their Mother. Mother, spiritually, but truly Mother of the members of Christ"

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should be invoked: "Nothing seems more appropriate and valuable than to have the prayers of the whole Christian family rise to the Mother of God, who is invoked as the Queen of Peace, begging her to pour forth abundant gifts of her maternal goodness in the midst of so many great trials and hardships.

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Go to her, you who are crushed by material misery, defenseless against the hardships of life and the indifference of men. Go to her, you who are assailed by sorrows and moral trials. Go to her, beloved invalids and infirm, you who are sincerely welcomed and honored at Lourdes as the suffering members

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At the same hour when the Lord placed the concern of the whole Church on our shoulders, at the mountain of Fátima appeared for the first time the White Queen of the Holy Rosary, as if the Mother of Mercy wanted to indicate, that in the stormy times of our pontificate, in the midst of the great crisis

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Our entire perfection consists in being conformed, united and consecrated to Jesus Christ. Hence the most perfect of all devotions is undoubtedly that which conforms, unites and consecrates us most perfectly to Jesus Christ. Now, since Mary is of all creatures the one most conformed to Jesus Christ,

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If the greeting and the name "full of grace" say all this, in the context of the angel's announcement they refer first of all to the election of Mary as Mother of the Son of God. But at the same time the "fullness of grace" indicates all the supernatural munificence from which Mary benefits by being

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Suffering from stomach cancer at the end of his life, Pope John's meditation on the Assumption was deeply Christological. "The mystery of the Assumption brings home the thought of death, of our death, and it diffuses within us a mood of peaceful abandonment; it familiarizes us with and reconciles us

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As the blessed Virgin Mary does not seem to participate in the public life of Jesus Christ, and then, suddenly appears at the stations of his cross, she is not there without divine intention. She suffers with her suffering and dying son, almost as if she would have died herself. For the salvation of

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She "did not conceive the Eternal Son of God merely in order that He might be made man taking His human nature from her, but also by giving him her human nature, that He might be the Redeemer of men. Mary, carrying the Savior within her, also carried all those whose life was contained in the life of

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The development of Mariology over the centuries has been influenced by a number of factors, among which papal directives have often represented key milestones. Examples of papal influences include new Marian feast days, prayers, acceptance of new Marian congregations, indulgences, support for Marian

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says that John Paul's Marian devotion is a combination of seventeenth-century French spirituality and Polish nationalism, where being Catholic is part of Polish identity and Mary is revered as the "Queen of Poland". Hebblethwaits suggests that this approach might resonate less outside of the unique

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being the essential part of a common heritage. When asked, in the spring of 1954, for his opinion regarding the proposed new feast of the Queenship of Mary, Cardinal Roncalli responded that he felt it unnecessary, and from an ecumenical perspective counter-productive. For the same reasons, later as

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The same day in a radio address he informed the people of Portugal about the apparitions of Fatima, consecrating the human race to the Immaculate Heart of the Virgin with specific mention of Russia. On December 8, 1942, the Pontiff officially and solemnly declared this consecration in a ceremony in

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Christian families must remain faithful to their vital mission in society, and, consecrate themselves in this jubilee year to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. For married couples this consecration will be a valuable aid in their conjugal duties of chastity and faithfulness and keep pure the atmosphere

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from April 29, 1965, focused on the Virgin Mary, to whom traditionally the month of May is dedicated as the Mother of God. Paul VI writes that Mary is rightly to be regarded as the way by which people are led to Christ. Therefore, the person who encounters Mary cannot help but encounter Christ. He

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took place on October 31, 1942, just before major turning points in World War Two. Pius XII consecrated to Mary not only the Church but the whole human race, as "Father of Christianity", as representative of Christ, to whom "All power is given in heaven and in earth" (atthew 28:18 ).At that time,

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The Pontiff states that the Immaculate Virgin knows the secret ways by which grace operates in souls. She also knows the great price which God attaches to sufferings, united to those of the Savior. The encyclical closes with a quote of Bernard of Clairvaux: "Amid dangers, difficulties, and doubts,

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in the history of the Catholic Church. In it Pius recalls pleasant memories of the pilgrimage to Lourdes which he undertook while Papal delegate at the Eucharistic and Marian Celebrations in 1937. The Pope reminds the faithful of France that every Christian land is a Marian land and that ”there is

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ruled the Church from 1922 to 1939. During his pontificate, a possible dogma of the assumption was being discussed. He granted France the patron "Our lady assumed into heaven patron". In 1930, he sent a papal delegate to the celebration of the house of Mary in Loreto, and in 1931, 1500 years after

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that only they may celebrate the feast of the Immaculate Conception. Later he extended the privilege to other orders for private Masses only. He outlawed the brotherhood of the Immaculate Conception but confirmed a knightly order with the same name. Allegedly, he had promised the King of Spain to

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Cardinal Tedeschini, who was present at the consecration in 1917, added his view to the coincidence: "The pontificate of Pius XII is focused on Fátima, May 13. It was Our Lady of Fátima, who connected with the person and future of Eugenio Pacelli, having him consecrated through the hands of Pope

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in 1950. At the Marianum, one can get a master's degree in Mariology (2-year academic program) and also a doctorate in Mariology. This Mariological facility has a library with more than 85,000 volumes on Mariology and a number of magazines and journals of theological and Mariological concern.

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On May 18, 1950, the Pope sent a message to the people of Portugal: "May Portugal never forget the heavenly message of Fatima, which, before anybody else she was blessed to hear. To keep Fátima in your heart and to translate Fátima into deeds, is the best guarantee for ever more graces”

1843:, Pope Pius requested the consecration to the Immaculate Heart of every Catholic family, parish and diocese. "It is our wish, consequently, that wherever the opportunity suggests itself, this consecration be made in the various dioceses as well as in each of the parishes and families." 2378:

and at a general audience on September 17, 1997, John Paul II reiterated the title Mary, Mother of the Church. The encyclical is a summary of modern Mariology, making some novel points. According to John Paul, the Mother of the Redeemer has a precise place in the plan of salvation.

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At the same time as he closely associated the celebrations of the Immaculate Heart of Mary and the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Pope Paul VI moved the celebration of the Queenship of Mary from 31 May to 22 August, bringing it into association with the feast of her Assumption.

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not one nation redeemed in the blood of Christ which does not glory in proclaiming Mary its Mother and Patroness.” He then recalls the history of Marian veneration, the history of Lourdes and the contributions of the Popes to her veneration in Lourdes.

2116:(1958) was the last Marian initiative of Pope Pius XII. It coordinates activities of Marian centres in Italy and organizes Marian pilgrimages and Marian study weeks for priests. In addition it started Marian youth gatherings and publishes the Journal 2208:

said that the Theological Commission had considered and rejected the title "Mother of the Church" not because they thought it was wrong, but because it was fatally prone to misunderstanding, and open to the suggestion that it appeared to place Mary

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Leo XIII explained the importance of the rosary as the one road to God, from the father to the Son, to his Mother, and from her to the human race. The rosary is a vital means to participate in the life of Mary and to find the way to Christ.

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In several encyclicals and apostolic letters to the people of Poland and other countries behind the Iron curtain, he expressed certainty that the Blessed Virgin Mary would triumph over her enemies. On September 8, 1953, the encyclical

1335:, he described the Virgin Mary as mediating all graces. In 1883 he wrote that nothing is as salvific and powerful as asking for the support of the Virgin, the mediator of peace with God and of heavenly graces. In his rosary encyclical 1643:. His Secretary of State, Cardinal Luigi Maglione would later say that the Pope had been deeply moved by the parallel of his episcopal consecration and the apparition in Fátima. Referring to his episcopal consecration Pope Pius said: 1441:

and the Savior of mankind. He had a physical body like every other man: and as Savior of the human family, he had a spiritual and mystical body, the Church. This, the Pope argues, has consequences for our view of the Blessed Virgin.

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it follows that among all devotions that which most consecrates and conforms a soul to our Lord is devotion to Mary, his Holy Mother, and that the more a soul is consecrated to her the more will it be consecrated to Jesus Christ.

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Benedict XV to the fullness of priesthood at the very day and hour in which the Most Blessed Virgin with her messages first descended to Fátima. May 13 is engraved in all our hearts, how much more in the heart of this Pope.

1461:, devoted to Marian veneration and open to new theological perspectives. He personally addressed in numerous letters the pilgrims at Marian sanctuaries. He named Mary the Patron of Bavaria. To underline his support for the 2081:

he granted the foundation of the Academia Mariana Salesiana which is a part of a papal university. The academy supports Salesian studies with the aim of furthering the veneration of the Blessed Virgin in the tradition of

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mankind, she gave up her rights as the mother of her son and sacrificed him for the reconciliation of divine justice, as far as she was permitted to do. Therefore, one can say, she redeemed with Christ the human race.

1140:, proclaimed the Immaculate Conception. Eight years earlier, in 1846, the Pope had granted the unanimous wish of the bishops from the United States, and declared the Immaculata the patron of the US. During the 5781: 5618: 2368:

John Paul II attributed his survival of an assassination attempt on May 13, 1981, (the Feast of Our Lady of Fatima) to the protection of Mary. A year later, he made a pilgrimage to Portugal in thanksgiving.

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to the analysis of the Church as a whole. Leo actively employed his papal authority to support the veneration of Mary in places of her apparitions. Upon the blessing and opening of the Church of our Lady in

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Pius strongly supported Marian research with the foundation or enlargement of a number of research centers in Rome. In 1950 and in 1958 he authorized institutions for increased academic research into the

1213:(1878-1903) stressed Mary's role in the redemption of humanity. His mariology was greatly influenced by Thomas Aquinas, especially his view of Mary's role in the Annunciation. Leo's emphasis on the path 1787: 1772: 1094:. During his pontificate petitions increased requesting the dogmatization of the Immaculate Conception. In 1848 Pius appointed a theological commission to analyze the possibility for a Marian dogma. 1172:. On 8 May the fathers rejected a dogmatization at that time, a rejection shared by Pius IX. Council fathers highlighted the divine motherhood of Mary and called her the mother of all graces. 846:

Not all Popes took the same view on Marian beliefs and devotions. Pope Francis warned that it could not please Mary if we honor her in a way that diminishes the honor given to her divine Son.

385: 1371:, assumed the role of a helper in the mystery of redemption. Thus all Christians are born through Mary. With Jesus, Mary carried all in her womb. Therefore, all Christians are her children. 1437:, he views Mary in the context of "restoring everything in Christ". Spiritually we all are her children and she is our mother. Therefore, she must be venerated like a mother. Christ is the 685:"The century preceding the Second Vatican Council was arguably the most fertile era for Catholic Marian studies." A number of popes have made Marian themes a key part of their papacy, e.g. 5373: 1895:

By the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ, of the Blessed Apostles Peter and Paul, and by our own authority, we pronounce, declare, and define it to be a divinely revealed dogma: that the

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Pope Leo XIII issued a record number of encyclicals on the rosary, instituted the Catholic custom of daily rosary prayer during the month of October, and created in 1883 the Feast of

892:. Pius V included in the catechism he promulgated the second part of the Hail Mary that had just been added in the Council of Trent: "Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners." 5403: 1465:

theology, he authorized the Feast of Mary Mediator of all Graces. He condemned the misuse of Marian statues and pictures dressed in priestly robes, which he outlawed April 4, 1916.

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for 1954, the first in Church history. The year was filled with Marian initiatives, in the areas of mariology, cultural events, charity and social gatherings. In his encyclicals

2197:(section below), the Pope called Mary the ideal of Christian perfection. He regards “devotion to the Mother of God as of paramount importance in living the life of the Gospel.” 6708: 924:(1670–1676) furthered Marian piety with additional indulgences and privileges to religious orders and cities to celebrate special Marian feasts. He opposed the Marian piety of 645: 1515:

he depicts Ephraim as a model of Marian devotion to our mother who uniquely was predestined by God. Pope Benedict did not issue a Marian encyclical but addressed the issue of

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was created in 1950 and entrusted to the Order of Servites. It is authorized to grant all academic degrees including a doctorate in theology. Since 1976, every two years the

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We want constant and devout prayers to be offered to her whom We declared Mother of the Church, its spiritual parent, during the celebration of the Second Vatican Council."

1002:. In 1770 he permitted Spain to have the Immaculata as the main patron of the country, and in 1767 he granted Spain the privilege of adding Mater Immaculata to the litany. 1332: 1237: 1204: 6273: 666:

study of the influence that the popes have had on the development, formulation and transformation of the Roman Catholic Church's doctrines and devotions relating to the

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for a redirection of the whole Church to ensure an authentic approach to Christology via a return to the "whole truth about Mary". As Cardinal Ratzinger, he wrote:

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he stated that the deepest reason why Roman Catholics look for the protection of Mary through prayer is most certainly her office as mediator of divine grace. In

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Popes were highly important for the development of doctrine and the veneration of the Blessed Virgin. They made decisions not only in the area of Marian beliefs (

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in 1942, in accordance with the second "secret" of Our Lady of Fatima. (His remains were to be buried in the crypt of Saint Peter's Basilica on the feast day of

1038:(1769–1775) had to deal with popular unrest in Southern Italy regarding celebrations and processions of the Immaculate Conception. He granted a privilege to the 6986: 6773: 5776: 5113: 932:) with a bull published on December 15, 1673, and outlawed some manifestations of Marian devotions. Several bulls supported the frequent citing of the rosary. 1929:. (In 1969, Pope Paul VI moved the celebration of the Immaculate Heart of Mary to the Saturday immediately after the Solemnity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.) 5656: 3340: 1656:

On May 13, 1942, the 25th anniversary of the first apparition, and silver jubilee of the Episcopal consecration of Pope Pius XII, the Vatican published the

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Pius XII teaches that Mary looks upon some of her children with a special affection, the lowly, the poor, and the afflicted whom Jesus loved so much.

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During his speech upon the closing of the third session of the Second Vatican Council on November 21, 1964, Paul VI proclaimed "Mary the Most Holy

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The dogma of the bodily assumption of the Virgin Mary is the crowning of the theology of Pope Pius XII. It was preceded by the 1946 encyclical

909:(February 3, 1603) to condemn negations of the virginity of Mary. He promulgated Marian congregations and supported the rosary culture with 19 6925: 6873: 5505: 4235: 3870: 3303: 2707: 2159:

inscribed above his chapel in the Apostolic Delegation in Istanbul as he believed that Mariology was the key to unity with the Orthodox; the

975:(1724–1730) issued several indulgences in support of the rosary prayer, rosary processions and for praying the rosary on 15 “Marian Tuesdays” 330: 6863: 6599: 5117: 5052: 4940: 4886: 4649: 2459:

It is necessary to go back to Mary if we want to return to that "truth about Jesus Christ," "truth about the Church" and "truth about man".

2311: 2193:(1963–1978) attempted to present the Marian teachings of the Church in view of her new ecumenical orientation. In his inaugural encyclical 1969:

Assumed into heaven, so Pope Pius, "Mary is with Jesus Christ, her divine son. Mary should be called Queen, not only because of her Divine

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he presented a synthesis of the Mariology of the Church and warned against excesses and timid under-representation of the Catholic faith.

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Pope Pius XII instituted the feast of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in 1944 to be celebrated on 22 August, coinciding with the traditional

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and initiatives, acceptance and support of Marian congregations, indulgences and special privileges, and support for Marian devotions.

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to Leo XIII who, in December 1893, approved it and endowed it with indulgences. On April 22, 1903, Leo XIII included the invocation "

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in 1894. He condemned heresies about the Immaculate Conception and discussed the relation of Saint Joseph to Mary in the encyclical

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for the whole Church and placed his pontificate under the special patronage of the Virgin, In his Apostolic Letter of 7 July 1952,

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of human history, we will always have the motherly and vigilant assistance of the great conqueress, who would protect and guide us.

3138: 7134: 7059: 6607: 6360: 6305: 6170: 5905: 5901: 5646: 5431: 5378: 4622: 2561: 862:(1265–1268) created a poem on the seven joys of Mary, which in its form is considered an early version of the Franciscan rosary. 545: 7068: 6410: 6385: 6350: 6345: 6310: 6190: 5789: 5673: 5263: 5226: 5109: 5089: 5045: 4913: 3845: 2325:, whose perspective had a very strong Marian emphasis. And he deliberately reflected his Marian views within the design of his 1579:

Pope Pius XII was called the most Marian pope in Church history. He placed his pontificate under the protection of the Virgin.

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developed into papal teaching over time. Popes have also limited and cautioned against some devotional practices. In 1674

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In a homily, Francis compared Mary at the foot of the Cross with the mothers of prisoners he had met in Buenos Aires.

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petitions favored a possible assumption dogma, but this was strongly opposed by some council fathers, especially from

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On November 30, 1934, Angelo Roncalli was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey. Archbishop Roncalli had the words

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of our Lord. Go to her and receive peace of heart, strength for your daily duties, joy for the sacrifice you offer.

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in 1950, the Centro Mariano Montfortano was moved from Bergamo to Rome. The Centro promulgates the teachings of

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German troops under General Rommel had conquered strategic parts of North Africa and were advancing towards the

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This article is about papal influence on Marian theology and devotion. For official papal teaching on Mary, see

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Epistola Encyclica De patrocinio Sancti Josephi una cum Virginis Deiparae pro temporum difficultate implorando

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to the idea that the Lord will be present in our death agony, to gather up into his hands our immortal soul."

1869:: Maria, whose sinless soul was filled with the divine spirit of Jesus Christ above all other created souls, " 1859:

defined the Virgin conceived without sin, as the mother of God and our mother. Pope Pius XII built on this in

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The direction of the Catholic Church during the last part of the 20th century was dominated by the views of

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In 1950 and in 1958 he authorized institutions for increased academic research into the veneration of the

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is the most active Marilogical centre in Rome. This pontifical Catholic institute was founded by Father

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organizes international conferences to find modern formulations which approximate the mystery of Mary.

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of Mary and her being taken up into heaven. He resisted attempts, however, to issue a second Marian

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It was not until 1854 that Pius IX, with the support of the overwhelming majority of Roman Catholic

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Remigius Bäumer, Leo Scheffczyk (Hrsg.) Marienlexikon Gesamtausgabe, Institutum Marianum Regensburg

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question, the role of the Virgin in the salvation acts of her son Jesus Christ. In the encyclical

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was issued on July 2, 1957. The encyclical represents the strongest pronouncement of the papal

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included initiatives in the areas of Mariology, cultural events, charity and social gatherings

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be inserted into the Roman Calendar on the Monday after Pentecost (also known as Whit Monday).

6976: 6212: 5537: 5417: 5184: 5140: 4902: 4800: 4644: 4610: 4392: 4382: 4289: 4204: 4191: 4141: 3973: 3866: 3841: 3794:"HIS HOLINESS BENEDICT XVI - HIS HOLINESS JOHN PAUL II - Coat of Arms - HOLY SEE Coat of Arms" 3776: 3756: 3727: 3323: 3210: 3157: 3056:, in Michael Testa, Mary: The Virgin Mary in the Life and Writings of John Henry Newman 2001; 2991: 2900: 2859: 2749: 2713: 2703: 2620: 2596: 2590: 2471:

Like his predecessors, he spoke against the attribution of the title "Co-Redemptrix" to Mary.

2452: 2448: 2426: 2412: 2374: 2351: 2322: 2315: 2282: 2205: 2093: 2011: 1963: 1949: 1346: 1252: 1241: 1023: 1010: 925: 900: 884:

in 1571 Pius V requested to the people of Europe to pray the rosary. After the victory of the

769: 737: 537: 278: 273: 258: 2831: 2143:

is also the name of the prestigious journal of Marian theology, previously founded by Father

1360:, he wrote that calling on Mary is the best way to be heard by God, and to find God's grace. 6838: 6612: 6574: 6532: 6460: 6455: 6422: 6229: 6162: 6125: 6120: 6100: 6095: 6020: 5873: 5863: 5823: 5354: 5172: 5155: 4859: 4815: 4768: 4632: 4444: 4412: 4329: 4315: 3036: 2603: 2585: 2501: 2166:

Pope, he declined a request for a dogmatic definition of the "spiritual maternity of Mary".

2144: 2129: 2067: 2049: 2006: 1958: 1922: 1861: 1839: 1636: 1584: 1481: 1454: 1401: 1308: 1304: 1277: 1272: 1035: 999: 995: 843:, Marian fraternities were founded, fostering Marian piety, not all of which were approved. 840: 577: 512: 360: 242: 118: 103: 98: 1217:

has been a key direction in Roman Catholic Mariology, with Mariology viewed as inherent in

7073: 6956: 6813: 6778: 6584: 6579: 6504: 6499: 6440: 6365: 6115: 6045: 5577: 5518: 5068: 4505: 4480: 4407: 3142: 3024: 2627: 2494: 2261: 1706: 1561: 1341:, he stated that Mary is administrator of graces on earth, part of a new salvation order. 945: 905: 859: 405: 390: 229: 201: 52: 2350:

As a young man, Karol Wojtyła was deeply influenced by the writings of the French priest

2223:

writes that the Queen of Heaven is entrusted by God, as administrator of his compassion.

1209:

In his encyclical on the fiftieth anniversary of the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception,

2178: 1128:

he inquired of the bishops about a possible dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary.

30: 6991: 6920: 6768: 6703: 6489: 6479: 6465: 6450: 6130: 6025: 5909: 5888: 5422: 5301: 5276: 5248: 5179: 4742: 4669: 3959: 3612: 3135: 2977: 2574: 2244: 2043: 1992: 1831: 1682: 1632: 1497: 1473: 1364: 1027:, issued on September 27, 1748, and increased indulgences for all who pray the rosary. 921: 836: 415: 206: 151: 108: 2204:, that is, the Mother of the whole People of God, both the faithful and the pastors." 1148:. Some fathers requested the dogma of the Immaculate Conception to be included in the 7123: 6883: 6843: 6728: 6650: 6635: 6484: 6445: 6251: 6135: 5932: 5601: 5316: 5025: 4934: 4891: 4869: 4827: 4805: 4682: 4586: 4044: 2549: 2533: 2517: 2231: 2133: 1945: 1910: 1808: 1516: 1433: 1337: 1210: 1119: 929: 903:(1592–1605) considered Marian piety the basis for Church reforms and issued the bull 809: 522: 113: 3821: 3126:

Encyclical Jucunda Semper 8.9.1894 quoted in Marienlexikon,Eos St. Ottilien, 1988 42

2070:, Raimondo Spiazzi, Otto Faller and Sebastian Tromp. Roschini was named head of the 6858: 6793: 6723: 6713: 6640: 6540: 6509: 6285: 6234: 6002: 5944: 5841: 5612: 5529: 5485: 5480: 5470: 5281: 5208: 4788: 4783: 4677: 4365: 4260: 4085: 4079: 4032: 4026: 3117:

in Lettres apostoliques de s.s. Léon XIII : encycliques, brefs etc, p. 250-261

2339:, the use of the Marian Cross on his coat of arms was a departure from traditional 2330: 2326: 2305: 2301: 2274: 2190: 1974: 1800: 1691: 1604: 1541: 1408: 1379:

More than any other pope, Leo XIII, who was himself a member of the Pious Union of

1368: 1245: 1098: 1079: 817: 813: 805: 715: 711: 707: 497: 263: 246: 4069:

https://web.archive.org/web/20170925082500/http://mariologicalsocietyofamerica.us/

4016:

https://web.archive.org/web/20170925082500/http://mariologicalsocietyofamerica.us/

1932: 1664:

to preside over a canonical coronation of the image of Our Lady of Fátima, in the

1350:

he noted that Mary is mediator because Christ the Lord is also our brother And in

3963: 3940: 2981: 2806: 1144:, some 108 council fathers requested to add the words "Immaculate Virgin" to the 7054: 6910: 6783: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6738: 6040: 5975: 5831: 5756: 5734: 5582: 5344: 5306: 4953: 4252: 4003: 3192: 2240: 2038: 1729: 1715: 1695: 1687: 1612: 1565: 1489: 1469: 1428: 1218: 871: 797: 726: 699: 7093: 2649: 2343:

models and was intended to emphasize the presence of the Virgin Mary under the

1224: 1097:

In 1848 the Pope had to flee Rome, when a revolutionary movement took over the

616: 6748: 6743: 6567: 6494: 6110: 6030: 5661: 4965: 4839: 4278: 2645: 2541: 2486: 2407: 2297: 2227: 2218: 2083: 1970: 1792: 1603:

Many of the saints canonized by Pius XII were deeply devoted to Mary, such as

1039: 910: 758: 690: 283: 3864:

Mariology: A Guide for Priests, Deacons, Seminarians, and Consecrated Persons

2717: 2405:

further communicated his Marian focus as he explained how his personal motto

757:. Popes promulgated Marian veneration and beliefs by authorizing: new Marian 6853: 6848: 6818: 6514: 6277: 6261: 6246: 6090: 5980: 5858: 5848: 5716: 5495: 4795: 4747: 4702: 4627: 4558: 4519: 4434: 3322:

by Dalmais, Irénée Henri; Martimort, Aimé Georges; and Jounel, Pierre. 1985

2416: 2161: 2001: 1866: 1462: 1328: 1312: 1145: 553: 268: 166: 158: 3996:

Die marianischen Weltrundschreiben der Päpste in den letzten hundert Jahren

3185:

Die marianischen Weltrundschreiben der Päpste in den letzten hundert Jahren

1568:

and as a young boy, two images in Rome received particular veneration: the

1488:

throughout the world by elevating twenty well-known Marian shrines such as

4021: 2697: 1948:

in 1954, in association with his announcement of new Marian feast for the

7001: 6828: 5927: 5296: 4908: 4849: 2929:

F Masson, Le Cardinal de Bernis depuis son minister Paris, 1884, 156, 164

2909:"PART IV: THE LORD'S PRAYER: PRAYER: Importance Of Instruction On Prayer" 2340: 2139: 2125: 2107: 2071: 2015: 1803:, the Imperial Japanese forces occupied ever increasing territories, and 1589: 1500:. He also promoted Marian devotions in the month of May in the spirit of 1385: 1316: 801: 780:) has also been influential. Popes have promoted Marian devotion through 694: 686: 663: 293: 4213: 2255:

Paul VI taught that the rosary is a summary of gospel teaching. His new

1891:

as an article of faith for Roman Catholic, the dogma of the assumption:

1553: 1240:. A century after his death, Leo XIII is often quoted, most recently by 6798: 6078: 5636: 5510: 5453: 4763: 4717: 4712: 4272: 4007: 3307: 3196: 2266: 2034: 1856: 1796: 1597: 1493: 1257: 1169: 1043: 773: 253: 4050:

Michael Schmaus, Mariologie, Katholische Dogmatik, München Vol V, 1955

3935:

Michael Schmaus, Mariologie, Katholische Dogmatik, München Vol V, 1955

6951: 6256: 6241: 6185: 6152: 4854: 2402: 2270: 2256: 2236: 1996:

announced a Marian year for 1954, the centennial of the Dogma of the

1816: 1804: 1137: 762: 345: 1327:

Leo XIII was the first Pope to fully embrace the concept of Mary as

725:

of the link between the study of Mary and the development of a full

1639:

on May 13, 1917, the same day as the first purported apparition of

979:

He outlawed the Serafine rosary in 1727 and extended the feasts of

7049: 6217: 6181: 5037: 4357: 4266: 2506: 2310: 2273:

prayers. Mary deserves the devotions because she is the mother of

2177: 2096:, who was earlier canonized by Pius XII. It publishes the monthly 2066:. He supported or rewarded Mariological research of scholars like 1931: 1807:

experienced an ever expanding German invasion. In this situation,

1705: 1552: 1292: 1223: 1192: 1149: 1118:. Pius IX's approach of seeking collegial consensus was quoted by 1102: 1083: 1059: 785: 3910:"Pope's Morning Homily: Uneasy? Alone? Turn to Mary, Your Mother" 2022:

is believed to have first appeared, consecrated the world to the

1187:

within two decades. He attributed to Mary his narrow escape from

6222: 5941: 3753:

Mary's pope: John Paul II, Mary, and the church since Vatican II

3596: 3209:

Ann Ball, 2003 Encyclopedia of Catholic Devotions and Practices

2132:(who then directed it for several years) under the direction of 1941: 1188: 5041: 4217: 3773:

The Vision of John Paul II: Assessing His Thought and Influence

2771:"Pope calls idea of declaring Mary co-redemptrix 'foolishness'" 1271:

to be the patron of Catalonia, and instituted the Feast of the

2702:. Cavadini, John C., Peters, Danielle M. Notre Dame, Indiana. 1114:

This influenced the eventual promulgation of the dogma of the

2259:

includes all new Marian prayers. And in his 1974 exhortation

1710:

On April 1, 1899, Eugenio Pacelli said his first Mass at the

1431:(1903–1914) promoted daily communion. In his 1904 encyclical 1383:, was deeply attached to Our Lady of Good Counsel. The small 2347:

and her special participation in the process of redemption.

1264:

supporting pilgrimages to Lourdes and other Marian shrines.

1834:, Pius consecrated Russia to the Most Blessed Virgin Mary. 3391:

Johannes M Höcht, Papst Pius XII und Fatima, Wien 1956, 58

1660:. In May 1946, he authorized his personal representative, 888:, he declared a commemorative feast that later became the 4055:

Maria, sintesi di valori. Storia culturale di mariologia.

1913:, and so also testimony to the divine nature of her Son. 948:(1700–1721) prepared the groundwork for the dogma of the 2018:, having been consecrated on May 13, 1917, the very day 1504:. The dogmatic constitution on the Church issued by the 1472:, Benedict placed the world under the protection of the 2265:, he again promotes Marian devotions, highlighting the 1319:

also placed his pontificate under the maternal care of

3613:

Hebblethwaite, Peter. "The Mariology of Three Popes",

3341:"Munificentissimus Deus (November 1, 1950) | PIUS XII" 1013:

wrote books about the feast days of Christ and Mary –

820:

decreed that the Memorial of the Blessed Virgin Mary,

4000:

Marian Encyclicals of Popes in the Last Hundred Years

3189:

Marian Encyclicals of Popes in the Last Hundred Years

3060:

in Vittorio Messori, "The Mary Hypothesis" Rome, 2005

2100:

which promulgates the Marian orientation of Montfort.

1714:. Fifty years later, he crowned this picture for the 960:

On October 3, 1716, Clement XI extended the feast of

839:(1670–1676) indexed books on Marian piety. After the 1815:, and dedicated the whole human race and especially 7015: 6872: 6685: 6621: 6531: 6421: 6272: 6161: 6054: 6001: 5926: 5897: 5822: 5747: 5682: 5627: 5546: 5441: 5416: 5330: 5262: 5207: 5126: 5103: 4974: 4927: 4877: 4868: 4756: 4668: 4599: 4579: 4527: 4518: 4496: 4443: 4355: 4314: 4307: 4251: 1826:In 1944, Pope Pius XII prescribed the Feast of the 1205:List of encyclicals of Pope Leo XIII on the Rosary 998:(1758–1769) banned all Marian litanies except the 3858: 3856: 3276: 3274: 1367:Leo borrows the notion that Mary, in the hour of 3939:Algermissen, Konrad; Böer, Ludwig, eds. (1957). 3608: 3606: 3604: 2805:Algermissen, Konrad; Böer, Ludwig, eds. (1957). 1179:, and recognized the close relation between the 1686:, Pius XII became the first Pope to call for a 16:Papal influence on Marian theology and devotion 4144:, encyclical, apostolic letters and addresses 2578:1953 by Pius XII on centenary of the dogma of 1132:1854 proclamation of the Immaculate Conception 1017:He supported the Marian congregations for the 5053: 4229: 3643:, Capovilla, Loris (ed): (Rome, 1978), p. 520 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2699:Mary on the eve of the Second Vatican Council 1152:of the Church, which was opposed by Pius IX. 721:Popes have also highlighted the key Catholic 639: 8: 4170:Pope John Paul II on Saint Louis de Montfort 3478:Second Homily on the Missus est: PL CLXXXIII 1788:Consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary 1236:. Leo XIII promulgated Marian devotions via 4020:The Marian Library at University of Dayton 3655:, Capovilla, Loris (ed): (Rome, 1979), p 56 3362: 3360: 3300:Angelic shepherd: the life of Pope Pius XII 1508:quotes the Marian theology of Benedict XV. 6982:International Alliance of Catholic Knights 5923: 5438: 5123: 5060: 5046: 5038: 4874: 4603: 4524: 4311: 4236: 4222: 4214: 3673:Leo Cardinal Scheffczyk, Vaticanum II, in 2971: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2878:"History of the Hail Mary Prayer--Aleteia" 2744:McLoughlin, William M. and Pinnock, Jill. 2037:(see below). In 1953, Pope Pius ordered a 1631:Pacelli was consecrated archbishop in the 1390:(the White Scapular) was presented by the 646: 632: 25: 4660:Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church 3559:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1969), p. 94 3178: 3176: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3018:The Holy Spirit Assists the Roman Pontiff 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2607:1948 Pius XII on Marian prayers for peace 2243:and the dangers of atomic conflicts. The 880:which popularized the rosary. Before the 3724:Vietnam War era: people and perspectives 3629:GiovanniXXIII, profezia nellafidelt& 2296: 1962:, he introduced a new Marian feast, the 1071:The Immaculate Conception of El Escorial 4022:https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/index.php 2689: 1877:Adoption of the dogma of the Assumption 1775:the human race and later Russia to the 1680:With the September 8, 1953, encyclical 1101:and city government. From his exile in 46: 3822:Blessed Virgin Is Mother Of The Church 2723: 1156:Rejection of a dogma of the Assumption 3225: 3223: 3072:"Rosary Encyclicals by Pope Leo XIII" 2897:The catechism of the Council of Trent 2769:San Martín, Inés (12 December 2019). 2281:. On the fiftieth anniversary of the 1303:, and included her invocation in the 1047:dogmatize the Immaculate Conception. 7: 2764: 2762: 1956:In the October 11, 1954, encyclical 1767:Consecration and entrustment to Mary 1761:Consecration to the Immaculate Heart 682:) and declaration of Marian dogmas. 470:Approved, with widespread liturgical 2669:History of Roman Catholic Mariology 1871:in the name of the whole human race 1221:, and the rosary paving that path. 472:veneration endorsed by the Holy See 3862:Burke, Raymond L.; et al. (2008). 3054:Mariology is always christocentric 2277:and because of her unique role in 1260:, he issued the apostolic writing 1251:He applied the Marian analysis of 14: 3035:and to add the Immaculata to the 2832:"The Rosary Predated St. Dominic" 2415:'s doctrine on the excellence of 1415:was previously approved in 1868. 768:The formal recognition of Marian 7145:Documents of the Catholic Church 7104: 7103: 7092: 7060:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul 6608:Criticism of the Catholic Church 5019: 5008: 5007: 4298: 2648: 2562:Assumption of the Blessed Virgin 2352:Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort 2182:Paul VI during his visit to the 1592:speaks to the 1854 dogma of the 1238:twelve encyclicals on the rosary 753:) but also Marian practices and 706:to establish a Marian dogma and 615: 306: 305: 59: 29: 5227:First seven ecumenical councils 4060:Stefano de Fiores, (Marianum), 3972:] (in German). EOS-Verlag. 2990:] (in German). EOS-Verlag. 2899:by Theodore Alois Buckley 2010 2876:Kosloski, Philip (6 May 2017). 890:Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary 5802:Separation of church and state 4987:Saint Luke painting the Virgin 4408:Miracle at the Wedding at Cana 4403:Finding of Jesus in the Temple 4178:Address to the Mariology Forum 4053:Stefano De Fiores, (Marianum) 3595:at Viale 30 Aprile- 6, 00153, 3302:, 1950 Dodd, Mead Publishers, 2114:Collegamento Mariano Nazionale 2000:. Pope Pius XII left open the 1783:Saint Peter Basilica in Rome. 1413:Scapular of Our Lady of Ransom 956:Apostolic Missionary of France 877:Consueverunt Romani Pontifices 782:encyclicals, Apostolic Letters 386:Congregation of Marian Fathers 134:Consecrations and entrustments 1: 4067:Mariology Society of America 4062:Maria. Nuovissimo dizionario. 4014:Mariology Society of America 3382:, Paris, 1945, Freiburg, 1945 3380:Il etait trios petit enfantes 3368:Mystici corporis Christi, 110 3156:by Thomas J. Craughwell 2007 1887:In 1950 Pius XII defined the 1357:Augustissimae Virginis Mariae 1323:and composed a prayer to her. 745:Papal influences on Mariology 76: 4076:, referenced as AAS by year. 3653:Il rosario con papa Giovanni 2856:Butler's Lives Of The Saints 2481:Mariological papal documents 2475:Mariological papal documents 2401:of Pope John Paul II on the 2365:Polish national experience. 2124:Of these organizations, the 1658:Message and Secret of Fátima 396:Marianists (Society of Mary) 21:Mariological papal documents 4188:Fundamentals of Catholicism 3615:Mary in Christian Tradition 2419:and total consecration. In 2090:Centro Mariano Montfortano: 2079:Academia Mariana Salesiana: 1741:in which children grow up. 1388:of Our Lady of Good Counsel 7161: 7099:Catholic Church portal 3076:University of Dayton, Ohio 2920:Opera Omnia Roma, 1747, 51 2746:Mary for Time and Eternity 2478: 2010:he promulgated the feast, 1880: 1764: 1690:, a practice continued by 1457:(1914–1922) was an ardent 1202: 850:13th to the 17th centuries 449:Queen of Angels Foundation 439:Marian Movement of Priests 421:World Apostolate of Fátima 391:Company of Mary (Montfort) 18: 7087: 7025:Aid to the Church in Need 6646:Vatican Television Center 6291:Eastern Catholic Churches 5075: 5003: 4606: 4454:Bilocation to Saint James 4296: 4082:, Apostolic Constitution 4029:, Apostolic Constitution 3958:Bäumer, Remigius (1989). 3726:by Mitchell K. Hall 2009 3508:Munificentissimus Deus 42 3230:Ad diem illum laetissimum 2976:Bäumer, Remigius (1989). 2451:continued the program of 1476:and added the invocation 1105:he issued the encyclical 1015:De festis Christi at BMV. 981:Our Lady of Seven Sorrows 964:to the Universal Church. 197:Our Lady, Star of the Sea 72:Bartolomé Esteban Murillo 6967:Communion and Liberation 6431:Eastern Catholic liturgy 5596:Mystici Corporis Christi 5524:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate 4506:Protoevangelium of James 4162:Rosarium Virginis Mariae 4121:Mystici corporis Christi 3848:Rosarium Virginis Mariae 3488:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes 3467:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes 3455:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes 3443:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes 3430:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes 3058:Mariology Is Christology 3050:Mystici corporis Christi 3023:August 10, 2011, at the 2679:Protestant views of Mary 2664:Roman Catholic Mariology 2635:Rosarium Virginis Mariae 2557:Deiparae Virginis Mariae 2422:Rosarium Virginis Mariae 2398:Rosarium Virginis Mariae 2354:; especially Montfort's 2024:Immaculate Heart of Mary 1906:Deiparae Virginis Mariae 1897:Immaculate Mother of God 1828:Immaculate Heart of Mary 1821:Immaculate Heart of Mary 1777:Immaculate Heart of Mary 1725:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes 1392:Hermits of St. Augustine 1381:Our Lady of Good Counsel 1321:Our Lady of Good Counsel 1311:, the original being in 1300:Our Lady of Good Counsel 1297:Leo XIII was devoted to 1234:Queen of the Holy Rosary 1175:Pius IX believed in the 1125:Deiparae Virginis Mariae 985:Our Lady of Mount Carmel 732:Mystici corporis Christi 729:, e.g. as in Pius XII's 444:Fatima Family Apostolate 434:Our Lady's Rosary Makers 351:Seven Joys of the Virgin 182:Our Lady of Mount Carmel 177:Our Lady of Good Counsel 7135:Pope Pius XII Mariology 5782:Philosophy of canon law 5712:Mariology of the saints 5292:Investiture Controversy 4897:Golden Madonna of Essen 4486:Woman of the Apocalypse 4129:Apostolic Constitution 4086:Apostolic Constitution 4057:Cinisello Balsamo 2005; 4047:, encyclicals and bulls 4033:Apostolic Constitution 3994:Graber, Rudolf (1954). 3942:Lexikon der Marienkunde 3775:by Gerard Mannion 2008 3755:by Antoine Nachef 2000 3631:(Brescia, 1978), p. 489 3183:Graber, Rudolf (1954). 2808:Lexikon der Marienkunde 2674:Mariology of the saints 2372:In the 1987 encyclical 1865:, which summarizes his 1694:in 1987. Set for 1954, 1582:In the 1943 encyclical 1527:issued March 22, 1918. 1064:Pius IX dogmatized the 870:On September 17, 1569, 827:Popular views like the 796:), the promulgation of 689:issued a record eleven 486:Three Secrets of Fátima 374:Movements and societies 7035:Catholic Charities USA 6669:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 6657:Vatican Polyglot Press 5707:Mariology of the popes 5345:Protestant Reformation 4774:Alma Redemptoris Mater 4723:Our Lady of Navigators 4165:on the Vatican Website 4154:on the Vatican website 4135:on the Vatican Website 4132:Munificentissimus Deus 4124:on the Vatican website 4113:on the Vatican website 4102:on the Vatican website 4074:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 2730:: CS1 maint: others ( 2525:Munificentissimus Deus 2461: 2436: 2425:, John Paul II quoted 2388: 2318: 2308: 2187: 1953: 1883:Munificentissimus Deus 1851:The 1854 dogma of the 1754: 1719: 1650: 1558: 1534: 1506:Second Vatican Council 1324: 1267:Leo XIII declared the 1229: 1215:through Mary to Christ 1075: 962:Our Lady of the Rosary 874:issued the papal bull 660:Mariology of the popes 622:Catholicism portal 7140:Catholic spirituality 6789:Good Shepherd Sisters 6631:Holy See Press Office 5869:Doctors of the Church 5702:Immaculate Conception 5657:Anointing of the Sick 5192:History of the papacy 4959:Theotokos of Vladimir 4388:Presentation of Jesus 4325:Immaculate Conception 4245:Mary, mother of Jesus 4202:True Devotion to Mary 4064:2 Vols. Bologna 2006; 3627:Alberigo, A. and G.: 3052:; John Henry Newman: 2580:Immaculate Conception 2560:1948 Pius XII on the 2528:: it established the 2511:Immaculate Conception 2457: 2431: 2383: 2357:True Devotion to Mary 2314: 2300: 2181: 2057:Mariological research 2030:, October 13, 1958.) 1998:Immaculate Conception 1985:Mariological writings 1935: 1853:Immaculate Conception 1847:Mariology of Pius XII 1771:On October 31, 1942, 1749: 1709: 1645: 1594:Immaculate Conception 1556: 1529: 1511:In his encyclical on 1296: 1227: 1181:Immaculate Conception 1162:First Vatican Council 1142:First Vatican Council 1088:Immaculate Conception 1066:Immaculate Conception 1063: 987:to the whole Church. 950:Immaculate Conception 829:Immaculate Conception 816:in 2007) and in 2018 790:Immaculate Conception 602:Immaculate Conception 538:Key Marian feast days 356:Seven Sorrows of Mary 289:Mary, Mother of Grace 67:Immaculate Conception 6662:L'Osservatore Romano 6600:Role in civilisation 6326:Croatian and Serbian 6074:Episcopal conference 6036:St. Peter's Basilica 5394:Sexual abuse scandal 5350:Catholic Reformation 4200:Montfort, Louis de. 3690:(Paris, 1966), p 160 3568:Ad caeli reginam, 37 3538:Office for Holy Week 3320:The Church at Prayer 3154:This Saint's for You 2589:1954 by Pius XII on 2411:was inspired by St. 2336:L’Osservatore Romano 2304:coat of arms with a 2249:Mother of the Church 2235:, he recommends the 2202:Mother of the Church 1773:Pius XII consecrated 1570:Madonna Della Strada 1269:Virgin of Montserrat 1262:Parte humanae generi 1019:Sodality of Our Lady 822:Mother of the Church 697:invoked the case of 429:Mariological Society 411:Schoenstatt Movement 381:Sodality of Our Lady 336:Consecration to Mary 325:Devotional practices 172:Mother of the Church 119:Devotional practices 6997:Neocatechumenal Way 6962:Charismatic Renewal 6676:Annuario Pontificio 6274:Particular churches 5950:Ecumenical councils 5722:Perpetual virginity 5557:Communitas perfecta 5501:Sermon on the Mount 4941:Madonna del Rosario 4845:Maria mater gratiae 4821:Sub tuum praesidium 4779:Ave Regina caelorum 4733:Our Lady of Victory 4728:Our Lady of Sorrows 4371:Virginal motherhood 4345:Perpetual virginity 4175:Pope John Paul II, 4002:] (in German). 3908:NULL (2016-09-15). 3832:Redemptoris Mater 9 3804:on 24 November 2010 3557:Calendarium Romanum 3191:] (in German). 2830:NULL (2002-10-17). 2568:Ingruentium malorum 2362:Peter Hebblethwaite 2184:Sanctuary of Fátima 2157:Ad Jesum per Mariam 2035:Blessed Virgin Mary 1938:Salus Populi Romani 1837:On May 1, 1948, in 1718:1954 as shown here. 1712:Salus Populi Romani 1666:Sanctuary of Fátima 1621:Anthony Mary Claret 1609:Jeanne de Lestonnac 1574:Salus Populi Romani 1564:was devoted to the 1502:Grignon de Montfort 1478:Mary Queen of Peace 1474:Blessed Virgin Mary 1407:During predecessor 1397:Mater boni consilii 1307:. This image is by 1281:(August 15, 1889). 1068:in 1854. (Murillo, 735:and John Paul II's 710:built his personal 704:papal infallibility 668:Blessed Virgin Mary 299:Sub tuum praesidium 220:(Refuge of Sinners) 218:Refugium Peccatorum 192:Our Lady of Victory 187:Our Lady of Sorrows 7130:Catholic Mariology 6834:Premonstratensians 5217:Ante-Nicene period 5095:Lists of Catholics 4982:Life of the Virgin 4698:Life-giving Spring 4688:Help of Christians 4398:Return to Nazareth 4340:Marriage to Joseph 3141:2010-06-08 at the 3070:Thompson, Thomas. 2656:Catholicism portal 2530:Assumption of Mary 2505:: established the 2319: 2309: 2188: 2064:veneration of Mary 2028:Our Lady of Fatima 2020:Our Lady of Fatima 1954: 1936:Coronation of the 1889:Assumption of Mary 1734:Marian apparitions 1720: 1641:Our Lady of Fátima 1559: 1513:Ephraim the Syrian 1333:rosary encyclicals 1325: 1230: 1177:Assumption of Mary 1076: 973:Pope Benedict XIII 723:Mariological theme 674:apparitions (e.g. 331:Acts of Reparation 7117: 7116: 6527: 6526: 5920: 5743: 5742: 5435: 5412: 5411: 5404:COVID-19 pandemic 5374:French Revolution 5364:Thirty Years' War 5272:Islamic conquests 5185:Apostolic fathers 5120: 5035: 5034: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4994: 4903:The Golden Virgin 4623:Catholic churches 4595: 4594: 4514: 4513: 4393:Flight into Egypt 4383:Nativity of Jesus 4290:Brothers of Jesus 4159:Apostolic Letter 4151:Redemptoris Mater 4142:Pope John Paul II 3871:978-1-57918-355-4 3846:Apostolic Letter 3842:Pope John Paul II 3664:Ecclesiam Suam 58 3289:on March 22. 1922 3259:Schmidlin 179-339 2858:, (April) (1999) 2709:978-0-268-10160-2 2621:Gloriosae Dominae 2613:Apostolic letters 2597:Redemptoris Mater 2591:Queenship of Mary 2453:Pope John Paul II 2449:Pope Benedict XVI 2427:Louis de Montfort 2413:Louis de Montfort 2375:Redemptoris Mater 2323:Pope John Paul II 2316:Pope John Paul II 2094:Louis de Montfort 2012:Queenship of Mary 1964:Queenship of Mary 1950:Queenship of Mary 1917:New Marian feasts 1617:Catherine Labouré 1486:Marian veneration 1253:Louis de Montfort 1242:Pope Benedict XVI 1078:The Mariology of 1024:Gloriosae Dominae 1011:Pope Benedict XIV 926:Louis de Montfort 901:Pope Clement VIII 882:Battle of Lepanto 738:Redemptoris Mater 656: 655: 475: 279:Immaculata prayer 274:Hail Mary of Gold 7152: 7107: 7106: 7097: 7096: 6839:Redemptoristines 6687:Religious orders 6613:Anti-Catholicism 6563:Church buildings 6423:Catholic liturgy 6163:Consecrated life 6021:Apostolic Palace 5988:Synod of Bishops 5924: 5900: 5506:Ten Commandments 5439: 5421: 5322:Age of Discovery 5156:Great Commission 5124: 5108: 5062: 5055: 5048: 5039: 5023: 5011: 5010: 4875: 4860:Three Hail Marys 4816:Ave maris stella 4693:Immaculate Heart 4604: 4525: 4413:Passion of Jesus 4312: 4302: 4238: 4231: 4224: 4215: 4186:Baker, Kenneth. 4110:Ad Caeli Reginam 4089:Ineffabilis Deus 4036:Ineffabilis Deus 4011: 4010:: Echter-Verlag. 3990: 3988: 3986: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3924: 3923: 3921: 3920: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3895: 3888:America Magazine 3880: 3874: 3860: 3851: 3839: 3833: 3830: 3824: 3819: 3813: 3812: 3810: 3809: 3800:. Archived from 3790: 3784: 3770: 3764: 3750: 3744: 3741: 3735: 3721: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3688:Bilan du concile 3684: 3678: 3671: 3665: 3662: 3656: 3650: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3625: 3619: 3610: 3599: 3593: 3587: 3584: 3578: 3575: 3569: 3566: 3560: 3554: 3548: 3545: 3539: 3536: 3530: 3527: 3521: 3518:Auspicia quaedam 3515: 3509: 3506: 3500: 3497: 3491: 3485: 3479: 3476: 3470: 3464: 3458: 3452: 3446: 3440: 3434: 3425: 3419: 3416: 3410: 3407: 3401: 3398: 3392: 3389: 3383: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3355: 3354: 3352: 3351: 3337: 3331: 3317: 3311: 3298:Smit, Jan Olav. 3296: 3290: 3287: 3281: 3278: 3269: 3266: 3260: 3257: 3251: 3248: 3242: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3218: 3207: 3201: 3200: 3199:: Echter-Verlag. 3180: 3165: 3151: 3145: 3133: 3127: 3124: 3118: 3110: 3104: 3101: 3095: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3082: 3067: 3061: 3046: 3040: 3037:Litany of Loreto 3033: 3027: 3015: 3009: 3008: 3006: 3004: 2973: 2930: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2912: 2894: 2888: 2887: 2885: 2884: 2873: 2867: 2852: 2846: 2845: 2843: 2842: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2802: 2781: 2780: 2766: 2757: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2729: 2721: 2694: 2658: 2653: 2652: 2604:Auspicia quaedam 2586:Ad Caeli Reginam 2502:Ineffabilis Deus 2394:apostolic letter 2345:Cross in Calvary 2239:in light of the 2130:Gabriel Roschini 2068:Gabriel Roschini 2050:Ad Caeli Reginam 2007:Ad Caeli Reginam 1959:Ad Caeli Reginam 1862:Mystici corporis 1840:Auspicia quaedam 1662:Cardinal Masella 1637:Pope Benedict XV 1585:Mystici corporis 1525:Inter Soldalica, 1521:Apostolic Letter 1482:Litany of Loreto 1455:Pope Benedict XV 1402:Litany of Loreto 1309:Pasquale Sarullo 1305:Litany of Loreto 1278:Quamquam pluries 1273:Miraculous Medal 1036:Pope Clement XIV 1000:Litany of Loreto 996:Pope Clement XII 841:Council of Trent 648: 641: 634: 620: 619: 605: 597: 589: 581: 573: 565: 557: 549: 513:Miraculous Medal 468: 361:Three Hail Marys 309: 308: 83: 81: 78: 63: 33: 26: 7160: 7159: 7155: 7154: 7153: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7120: 7119: 7118: 7113: 7091: 7083: 7062: 7045:Relief Services 7011: 6957:Catholic Action 6947:Military orders 6884:Confraternities 6876:of the faithful 6875: 6868: 6690: 6681: 6617: 6523: 6417: 6276: 6268: 6201:Prior, Prioress 6157: 6050: 6046:Vatican Museums 5997: 5930: 5916: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5899: 5893: 5818: 5772:Social teaching 5739: 5678: 5623: 5578:One true church 5542: 5519:Sixtine Vulgate 5515:Official Bible 5429: 5425: 5420: 5408: 5326: 5258: 5203: 5173:Petrine primacy 5116: 5112: 5107: 5099: 5071: 5069:Catholic Church 5066: 5036: 5031: 4991: 4970: 4923: 4914:Queen of Heaven 4864: 4752: 4738:Star of the Sea 4664: 4591: 4575: 4510: 4492: 4439: 4351: 4303: 4294: 4247: 4242: 3993: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3960:Scheffczyk, Leo 3957: 3948: 3946: 3938: 3932: 3927: 3918: 3916: 3914:ZENIT - English 3907: 3906: 3902: 3893: 3891: 3882: 3881: 3877: 3861: 3854: 3840: 3836: 3831: 3827: 3820: 3816: 3807: 3805: 3792: 3791: 3787: 3771: 3767: 3751: 3747: 3743:Christi Matri 8 3742: 3738: 3722: 3718: 3710: 3706: 3698: 3694: 3686:Laurentin, R., 3685: 3681: 3672: 3668: 3663: 3659: 3651: 3647: 3641:Lettere 1958-63 3639: 3635: 3626: 3622: 3611: 3602: 3594: 3590: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3572: 3567: 3563: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3528: 3524: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3503: 3498: 3494: 3486: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3465: 3461: 3453: 3449: 3441: 3437: 3427:Pope Pius XII, 3426: 3422: 3417: 3413: 3408: 3404: 3399: 3395: 3390: 3386: 3377: 3373: 3366:Pius XII, Enc. 3365: 3358: 3349: 3347: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3318: 3314: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3284: 3279: 3272: 3267: 3263: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3245: 3240: 3236: 3228: 3221: 3208: 3204: 3182: 3181: 3168: 3152: 3148: 3143:Wayback Machine 3134: 3130: 3125: 3121: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3098: 3093: 3089: 3080: 3078: 3069: 3068: 3064: 3047: 3043: 3034: 3030: 3025:Wayback Machine 3016: 3012: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2978:Scheffczyk, Leo 2975: 2974: 2933: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2915: 2895: 2891: 2882: 2880: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2854:Butler, Alban, 2853: 2849: 2840: 2838: 2836:ZENIT - English 2829: 2828: 2824: 2814: 2812: 2804: 2803: 2784: 2768: 2767: 2760: 2743: 2739: 2722: 2710: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2654: 2647: 2644: 2628:Marialis Cultus 2495:Dominici gregis 2483: 2477: 2466: 2446: 2441: 2417:Marian devotion 2333:. According to 2295: 2262:Marialis Cultus 2216:The encyclical 2176: 2153: 2059: 1987: 1919: 1885: 1879: 1849: 1769: 1763: 1722:The encyclical 1704: 1678: 1629: 1596:promulgated by 1562:Eugenio Pacelli 1551: 1539: 1498:minor basilicas 1452: 1439:Word made Flesh 1426: 1421: 1377: 1291: 1207: 1201: 1158: 1134: 1058: 1053: 1033: 1008: 993: 970: 946:Pope Clement XI 943: 938: 919: 906:Dominici gregis 898: 868: 860:Pope Clement IV 857: 852: 747: 693:on the rosary, 652: 614: 609: 608: 600: 592: 584: 576: 568: 560: 552: 544: 540: 530: 529: 471: 464: 454: 453: 406:Marist Brothers 376: 366: 365: 341:First Saturdays 326: 318: 317: 249: 235: 234: 230:Virgin of Mercy 225:Untier of Knots 212:Queen of Poland 202:Queen of Heaven 162:(Mother of God) 154: 144: 143: 94: 84: 79: 74: 53:Catholic Church 50: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7158: 7156: 7148: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7122: 7121: 7115: 7114: 7112: 7111: 7101: 7088: 7085: 7084: 7082: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7063: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7021: 7019: 7013: 7012: 7010: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6992:Legion of Mary 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6943: 6942: 6941: 6940: 6930: 6929: 6928: 6921:Lay Carmelites 6918: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6880: 6878: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6769:Conceptionists 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6704:Assumptionists 6700: 6698: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6679: 6672: 6665: 6658: 6655: 6654: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6633: 6627: 6625: 6619: 6618: 6616: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6571: 6570: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6549: 6548: 6537: 6535: 6529: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6521: 6520: 6519: 6518: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6472: 6471: 6470: 6469: 6468: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6427: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6415: 6414: 6413: 6408: 6406:Syro-Malankara 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6356:Italo-Albanian 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6288: 6282: 6280: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6266: 6265: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6244: 6239: 6238: 6237: 6227: 6226: 6225: 6220: 6210: 6205: 6204: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6174: 6167: 6165: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6139: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6083: 6082: 6081: 6076: 6065: 6063: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6026:Lateran Treaty 6023: 6018: 6013: 6007: 6005: 5999: 5998: 5996: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5984: 5983: 5973: 5972: 5971: 5966: 5952: 5947: 5938: 5936: 5921: 5895: 5894: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5845: 5844: 5839: 5828: 5826: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5815: 5814: 5809: 5799: 5798: 5797: 5787: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5762:Moral theology 5759: 5753: 5751: 5745: 5744: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5737: 5732: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5688: 5686: 5680: 5679: 5677: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5665: 5664: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5633: 5631: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5621: 5616: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5592: 5587: 5586: 5585: 5580: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5552: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5541: 5540: 5535: 5534: 5533: 5526: 5521: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5462: 5461: 5456: 5445: 5443: 5436: 5414: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5357: 5347: 5336: 5334: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5277:Pope Gregory I 5274: 5268: 5266: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5256: 5251: 5249:Biblical canon 5246: 5244:Late antiquity 5241: 5240: 5239: 5234: 5224: 5219: 5213: 5211: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5200: 5199: 5189: 5188: 5187: 5180:Church fathers 5177: 5176: 5175: 5170: 5160: 5159: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5132: 5130: 5121: 5114:Ecclesiastical 5101: 5100: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5072: 5067: 5065: 5064: 5057: 5050: 5042: 5033: 5032: 5030: 5029: 5017: 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2988:Marian Lexicon 2931: 2922: 2913: 2889: 2868: 2847: 2822: 2782: 2758: 2737: 2708: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2682: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2660: 2659: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2631: 2624: 2609: 2608: 2600: 2593: 2582: 2575:Fulgens corona 2571: 2564: 2553: 2538: 2537: 2521: 2514: 2498: 2479:Main article: 2476: 2473: 2465: 2462: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2390: 2389: 2294: 2291: 2245:Queen of Peace 2206:René Laurentin 2195:Ecclesiam Suam 2175: 2172: 2152: 2149: 2122: 2121: 2111: 2101: 2098:Madre e Regina 2087: 2058: 2055: 2044:Fulgens corona 1993:Fulgens corona 1986: 1983: 1918: 1915: 1901: 1900: 1881:Main article: 1878: 1875: 1848: 1845: 1832:Sacro Vergente 1813:Queen of Peace 1762: 1759: 1703: 1700: 1683:Fulgens corona 1677: 1674: 1633:Sistine Chapel 1628: 1625: 1550: 1547: 1538: 1535: 1484:. He promoted 1451: 1448: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1411:'s reign, the 1376: 1373: 1365:Thomas Aquinas 1352:Jucunda Semper 1290: 1287: 1200: 1197: 1157: 1154: 1133: 1130: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1032: 1029: 1021:with the bull 1007: 1004: 992: 989: 969: 966: 942: 939: 937: 934: 928:(canonized by 922:Pope Clement X 918: 915: 897: 894: 867: 864: 856: 853: 851: 848: 837:Pope Clement X 810:Marian shrines 746: 743: 654: 653: 651: 650: 643: 636: 628: 625: 624: 611: 610: 607: 606: 598: 590: 588:(12 September) 582: 574: 566: 558: 550: 541: 536: 535: 532: 531: 528: 527: 526: 525: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 489: 488: 477: 476: 465: 460: 459: 456: 455: 452: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 418: 416:Legion of Mary 413: 408: 403: 401:Marist Fathers 398: 393: 388: 383: 377: 372: 371: 368: 367: 364: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 327: 324: 323: 320: 319: 316: 315: 302: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 259:Fátima prayers 256: 250: 241: 240: 237: 236: 233: 232: 227: 222: 214: 209: 207:Queen of Peace 204: 199: 194: 189: 184: 179: 174: 169: 164: 155: 152:Titles of Mary 150: 149: 146: 145: 142: 141: 136: 131: 126: 121: 116: 111: 106: 101: 95: 90: 89: 86: 85: 64: 56: 55: 44: 43: 35: 34: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7157: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7127: 7125: 7110: 7102: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7089: 7086: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7064: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7040:Home Missions 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7022: 7020: 7018: 7014: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6939: 6936: 6935: 6934: 6933:Saint Francis 6931: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6916:Saint Dominic 6914: 6913: 6912: 6909: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6885: 6882: 6881: 6879: 6877: 6871: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6729:Bethlehemites 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6697: 6693: 6688: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6673: 6671: 6670: 6666: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6656: 6652: 6651:Vatican Radio 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6638: 6637: 6636:Vatican Media 6634: 6632: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6620: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6569: 6566: 6565: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6547: 6544: 6543: 6542: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6534: 6530: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6497: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6476: 6473: 6467: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6433: 6432: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6420: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6293: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6281: 6279: 6275: 6271: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6249: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6236: 6233: 6232: 6231: 6228: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6215: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6183: 6180: 6179: 6178: 6175: 6172: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6160: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6088: 6087: 6084: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6071: 6070: 6067: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6053: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6004: 6000: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5982: 5979: 5978: 5977: 5974: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5961: 5960: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5940: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5933:List of popes 5929: 5925: 5922: 5919: 5915: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5896: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5833: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5821: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5804: 5803: 5800: 5796: 5793: 5792: 5791: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5754: 5752: 5750: 5746: 5736: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5717:Mother of God 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5681: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5634: 5632: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5614: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5602:People of God 5600: 5598: 5597: 5593: 5591: 5590:Infallibility 5588: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5575: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5558: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5549: 5545: 5539: 5536: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5516: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5466:Body and soul 5464: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5440: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5428: 5424: 5419: 5415: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5369:Enlightenment 5367: 5365: 5362: 5356: 5353: 5352: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5342: 5341: 5340:Protestantism 5338: 5337: 5335: 5333: 5329: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5317:Scholasticism 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5302:Schism (1378) 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5287:Schism (1054) 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5261: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5229: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5206: 5198: 5195: 5194: 5193: 5190: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5181: 5178: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5161: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5134: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5077: 5074: 5070: 5063: 5058: 5056: 5051: 5049: 5044: 5043: 5040: 5028: 5027: 5026:Saints Portal 5022: 5018: 5016: 5015: 5006: 5005: 5002: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4977: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4937: 4936: 4935:Agiosoritissa 4933: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4904: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4892:Black Madonna 4890: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4867: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4808: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4755: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4708: 4707:of all graces 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4639: 4636: 4635: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4617: 4614: 4613: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4605: 4602: 4598: 4588: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4578: 4570: 4567: 4566: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4544: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4517: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4487: 4484: 4483: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4461: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4442: 4436: 4433: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4354: 4346: 4343: 4342: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4301: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4239: 4234: 4232: 4227: 4225: 4220: 4219: 4216: 4210: 4209:1-59330-470-6 4206: 4203: 4199: 4197: 4196:0-89870-019-1 4193: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4180: 4179: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4163: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4152: 4146: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4122: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4111: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4100: 4094: 4092: 4091: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4056: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4045:Pope Pius XII 4043: 4039: 4038: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3992: 3981: 3979:9783880968912 3975: 3971: 3967: 3966: 3965:Marienlexikon 3961: 3956: 3944: 3943: 3937: 3934: 3933: 3929: 3915: 3911: 3904: 3901: 3889: 3885: 3879: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3865: 3859: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3849: 3843: 3838: 3835: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3818: 3815: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3789: 3786: 3782: 3781:0-8146-5309-X 3778: 3774: 3769: 3766: 3762: 3761:1-58051-077-9 3758: 3754: 3749: 3746: 3740: 3737: 3733: 3732:1-59884-129-7 3729: 3725: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3708: 3705: 3701: 3696: 3693: 3689: 3683: 3680: 3676: 3670: 3667: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3649: 3646: 3642: 3637: 3634: 3630: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3589: 3586:AAS 1954, 625 3583: 3580: 3577:AAS 1953, 577 3574: 3571: 3565: 3562: 3558: 3553: 3550: 3547:AAS 1950, 753 3544: 3541: 3535: 3532: 3526: 3523: 3519: 3514: 3511: 3505: 3502: 3496: 3493: 3489: 3484: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3468: 3463: 3460: 3456: 3451: 3448: 3444: 3439: 3436: 3432: 3431: 3424: 3421: 3418:AAS 1951, 780 3415: 3412: 3409:AAS 1946 246. 3406: 3403: 3397: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3381: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3363: 3361: 3357: 3346: 3345:w2.vatican.va 3342: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3328:0-8146-1366-7 3325: 3321: 3316: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3295: 3292: 3286: 3283: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3265: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3250:AAS 1916, 146 3247: 3244: 3241:AAS 1921, 345 3238: 3235: 3231: 3226: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3215:0-87973-910-X 3212: 3206: 3203: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3162:1-59474-184-0 3159: 3155: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3132: 3129: 3123: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3109: 3106: 3100: 3097: 3091: 3088: 3077: 3073: 3066: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3022: 3019: 3014: 3011: 2999: 2997:9783880968912 2993: 2989: 2985: 2984: 2983:Marienlexikon 2979: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2932: 2926: 2923: 2917: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2905:1-177-70694-6 2902: 2898: 2893: 2890: 2879: 2872: 2869: 2865: 2864:0-86012-253-0 2861: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2837: 2833: 2826: 2823: 2810: 2809: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2778: 2777: 2772: 2765: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2754:0-85244-651-9 2751: 2747: 2741: 2738: 2733: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2705: 2701: 2700: 2693: 2690: 2684: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2637: 2636: 2632: 2630: 2629: 2625: 2623: 2622: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2615: 2614: 2606: 2605: 2601: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2587: 2583: 2581: 2577: 2576: 2572: 2570: 2569: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2554: 2552: 2551: 2550:Ad diem illum 2547: 2546: 2545: 2544: 2543: 2535: 2534:Pope Pius XII 2531: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2520: 2519: 2518:Bis saeculari 2515: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2503: 2499: 2497: 2496: 2492: 2491: 2490: 2489: 2488: 2482: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2463: 2460: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2443: 2438: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2424: 2423: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2409: 2404: 2400: 2399: 2395: 2387: 2382: 2381: 2380: 2377: 2376: 2370: 2366: 2363: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2317: 2313: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2292: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2233: 2232:Christi Matri 2229: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2214: 2212: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2185: 2180: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2158: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2135: 2134:Pope Pius XII 2131: 2127: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2051: 2046: 2045: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2008: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1994: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1960: 1951: 1947: 1946:Pope Pius XII 1943: 1939: 1934: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1911:Mother of God 1908: 1907: 1898: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1884: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1863: 1858: 1854: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1841: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1809:Pope Pius XII 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1768: 1760: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1738: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1726: 1717: 1713: 1708: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1601: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1586: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1557:Pope Pius XII 1555: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1536: 1533: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1517:Co-Redemptrix 1514: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1449: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1436: 1435: 1434:Ad diem illum 1430: 1423: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1398: 1393: 1389: 1387: 1382: 1374: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1358: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1342: 1340: 1339: 1338:Octobri Mense 1334: 1330: 1322: 1318: 1315:, near Rome. 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1301: 1295: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1280: 1279: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1228:Pope Leo XIII 1226: 1222: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1211:Pope Leo XIII 1206: 1198: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1155: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1131: 1129: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1120:Pope Pius XII 1117: 1112: 1110: 1109: 1104: 1100: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1073: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1055: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1030: 1028: 1026: 1025: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1005: 1003: 1001: 997: 990: 988: 986: 982: 978: 974: 968:Benedict XIII 967: 965: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 940: 935: 933: 931: 930:Pope Pius XII 927: 923: 916: 914: 912: 908: 907: 902: 895: 893: 891: 887: 883: 879: 878: 873: 865: 863: 861: 854: 849: 847: 844: 842: 838: 834: 830: 825: 823: 819: 815: 811: 808:), visits to 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 784:and with two 783: 779: 775: 771: 766: 764: 760: 756: 752: 744: 742: 740: 739: 734: 733: 728: 724: 719: 717: 713: 709: 705: 702: 701: 696: 692: 688: 683: 681: 677: 671: 669: 665: 661: 649: 644: 642: 637: 635: 630: 629: 627: 626: 623: 618: 613: 612: 603: 599: 596:(21 November) 595: 591: 587: 583: 580:(8 September) 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 546:Mother of God 543: 542: 539: 534: 533: 524: 523:Dowry of Mary 521: 520: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 487: 484: 483: 482: 479: 478: 473: 467: 466: 463: 458: 457: 450: 447: 445: 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 378: 375: 370: 369: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 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states 5594: 5555: 5548:Ecclesiology 5530:Nova Vulgata 5528: 5486:Original sin 5481:Nicene Creed 5471:Divine grace 5430: 5312:Universities 5282:Papal States 5209:Great Church 5151:Resurrection 5128:Early Church 5024: 5012: 4939: 4919:Stabat Mater 4901: 4789:Regina caeli 4784:Salve Regina 4683:Coredemptrix 4678:Christotokos 4638:month of May 4551: 4447:: later life 4428:Resurrection 4366:Annunciation 4335:Presentation 4318:: early life 4201: 4187: 4177: 4176: 4161: 4160: 4150: 4149: 4131: 4130: 4120: 4119: 4109: 4108: 4098: 4097: 4088: 4087: 4080:Pope Pius IX 4061: 4054: 4035: 4034: 4027:Pope Pius IX 3999: 3995: 3983:. 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