28:
62:
allergic diseases. Allergic reactions may generally be divided into two components; the early phase reaction, and the late phase reaction. While the contribution to the development of symptoms from each of the phases varies greatly between diseases, both are usually present and provide us a
129:
The late phase of a Type 1 reaction (which develops 8–12 hours and is mediated by mast cells) should not be confused with delayed hypersensitivity Type IV allergic reaction (which takes 48–72 hours to develop and is mediated by T cells). The products of the early phase reaction include
224:
70:
exposure and is also commonly referred to as the immediate allergic reaction or as a Type I allergic reaction. The reaction is caused by the release of
150:
from the blood into the site of the allergic reaction. Typically, the infiltrating cells observed in allergic reactions contain a high proportion of
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isotype switching to IgE which will bind to the mast cell FcεRI receptors and prime the individual for further allergic responses.
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Hansen I, Klimek L, Mösges R, Hörmann K (2004). "Mediators of inflammation in the early and the late phase of allergic rhinitis".
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27:
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variety and the cytokines they produce lead to further recruitment of mast cells and eosinophils, and in
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The early phase of the allergic reaction typically occurs within minutes, or even seconds, following
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cells causing contraction (leading to the airway narrowing seen in allergic asthma),
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and molecules that act on endothelial cells and cause them to express
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158:. The recruited eosinophils will degranulate releasing a number of
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94:, by mast cells following the cross-linking of allergen specific
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146:), which together result in the recruitment and activation of
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334:"Ocular allergy: implications for the clinical immunologist"
462:
Rothenberg ME; Rothenberg, Marc E. (1998). "Eosinophilia".
254:
Leung DY (1998). "Molecular basis of allergic diseases".
408:
Trocme SD, Sra KK (2002). "Spectrum of ocular allergy".
380:
Immunobiology: the immune system in health and disease
38:
is an important pathophysiological feature of several
170:) as well as produce a number of cytokines such as
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63:framework for understanding allergic disease.
8:
31:Tissues affected in allergic inflammation.
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218:
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403:
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26:
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225:"Understanding asthma pathophysiology"
445:"Hypersensitivity Reactions, Delayed"
78:granule proteins by a process called
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443:Hinshaw WD, Neyman GP, Olmstead SM.
384:(5th ed.). New York: Garland.
102:receptors. These mediators affect
25:
422:10.1097/00130832-200210000-00010
308:10.1097/00130832-200406000-00004
140:vascular cell adhesion molecule
136:Intercellular adhesion molecule
82:, as well as the production of
410:Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
296:Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol
114:causing mucus production, and
1:
351:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61656-0
98:molecules bound to mast cell
476:10.1056/NEJM199805283382206
338:Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol
525:
376:Janeway, Charles (2001).
268:10.1006/mgme.1998.2682
32:
332:Katelaris CH (2003).
178:are typically of the
168:eosinophil peroxidase
162:molecules (including
154:, and especially, of
36:Allergic inflammation
30:
18:Allergic Inflammation
344:(6 Suppl 3): 23–7.
229:Allergy Asthma Proc
164:Major Basic Protein
46:including allergic
223:Fireman P (2003).
44:medical conditions
33:
256:Mol. Genet. Metab
174:. The recruited
106:causing itching,
52:atopic dermatitis
16:(Redirected from
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488:
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470:(22): 1592–600.
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509:Skin physiology
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464:N. Engl. J. Med
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120:vasodilatation
118:cells causing
88:prostaglandins
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302:(3): 159–63.
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262:(3): 157–67.
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108:smooth muscle
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80:degranulation
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416:(5): 423–7.
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235:(2): 79–83.
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201:Inflammation
128:
112:goblet cells
84:leukotrienes
65:
58:and several
40:disabilities
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504:Allergology
184:plasma cell
156:eosinophils
152:lymphocytes
116:endothelial
104:nerve cells
54:, allergic
498:Categories
207:References
148:leukocytes
132:chemokines
449:EMedicine
160:cytotoxic
144:selectins
138:(such as
92:cytokines
76:mast cell
72:histamine
430:12582327
360:12839109
316:15126935
241:12776439
190:See also
68:allergen
56:rhinitis
484:9603798
276:9608537
196:Allergy
176:T-cells
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388:
358:
314:
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60:ocular
48:asthma
124:edema
100:FcεRI
480:PMID
426:PMID
386:ISBN
356:PMID
312:PMID
272:PMID
237:PMID
172:IL-5
166:and
142:and
122:and
90:and
74:and
472:doi
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418:doi
346:doi
304:doi
264:doi
180:Th2
96:IgE
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215:^
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300:4
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