53:
33:
1907:
1869:
1882:
1856:
1948:
299:
522:
227:(the term Obazoa is based on an acronym of Opisthokonta, Breviatea, and Apusomonadida, plus ‘zóa’ (pertaining to ‘life’ in Greek)).
556:
551:
635:
625:
608:
357:
Minge MA, Silberman JD, Orr RJ, Cavalier-Smith T, Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Burki F, Skjæveland A, Jakobsen KS (2008-11-11).
1941:
1887:
1972:
52:
1977:
640:
515:
337:
1934:
1796:
603:
1843:
1711:
1716:
184:
to which the species was previously assigned, but has remnant mitochondrial genes, and possesses an
1418:
1202:
1574:
449:"Phylogenomics demonstrates that breviate flagellates are related to opisthokonts and apusomonads"
1428:
620:
598:
586:
561:
508:
189:
47:
1874:
1762:
1688:
1669:
1379:
962:
630:
593:
581:
571:
486:
468:
429:
388:
329:
321:
280:
272:
1734:
1680:
1434:
880:
545:
476:
460:
419:
378:
370:
311:
264:
1967:
1607:
782:
447:
Brown MW, Sharpe SC, Silberman JD, Heiss AA, Lang BF, Simpson AGB, Roger AJ (2013-10-22).
316:
298:
Edgcomb VP, Simpson AGB, Zettler LA, Nerad TA, Patterson DJ, Holder ME, Sogin ML (2002).
1918:
1834:
1703:
1693:
1657:
1632:
1321:
1112:
1013:
935:
744:
576:
481:
448:
383:
358:
197:
32:
1961:
1739:
1538:
1530:
1360:
1281:
1221:
1132:
1106:
835:
268:
220:
1906:
1772:
1599:
1579:
1519:
1423:
1396:
1343:
1301:
1268:
1043:
821:
760:
216:
212:
177:
171:
117:
1828:
1663:
1589:
1441:
1405:
1385:
1333:
1307:
1197:
1145:
1118:
1100:
1073:
840:
709:
698:
359:"Evolutionary position of breviate amoebae and the primary eukaryote divergence"
1819:
1744:
1568:
1559:
1544:
1412:
1349:
1208:
1169:
1164:
1050:
967:
862:
774:
424:
407:
181:
160:
472:
325:
276:
1643:
1584:
1292:
1257:
1215:
1192:
1174:
1061:
997:
872:
749:
692:
679:
531:
300:"Pelobionts are degenerate protists: insights from molecules and morphology"
247:
Walker G, Dacks JB, Embley MT (2006-02-10). "Ultrastructural
Description of
208:
193:
185:
166:
94:
84:
74:
64:
500:
490:
464:
433:
392:
374:
333:
284:
211:, but without obvious affinity to known amoebozoan groups. More recently,
1914:
1813:
1650:
1612:
1513:
1490:
1037:
1032:
1024:
954:
829:
704:
687:
665:
615:
163:
1861:
1766:
1501:
1338:
1184:
1091:
1080:
944:
850:
806:
714:
135:
1156:
886:
788:
730:
224:
215:
analysis has shown that the class
Breviatea is a sister group to the
1790:
1726:
1366:
1848:
983:
200:
found in other eukaryotes that live in low-oxygen environments.
1794:
504:
1922:
453:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
363:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
251:, N. Gen., N. Sp., the Organism Previously Studied as "
408:"Evolution: revisiting the root of the eukaryote tree"
1803:
1725:
1702:
1679:
1629:
1598:
1558:
1529:
1500:
1488:
1395:
1359:
1320:
1291:
1267:
1254:
1183:
1155:
1131:
1090:
1060:
1023:
1010:
980:
953:
933:
871:
849:
803:
773:
758:
727:
678:
663:
223:. Together, these three groups form the clade
1942:
516:
242:
240:
8:
352:
350:
1949:
1935:
1791:
1676:
1506:
1497:
1485:
1392:
1356:
1326:
1273:
1264:
1251:
1137:
1066:
1020:
1007:
990:
977:
950:
930:
926:
855:
813:
770:
766:
737:
675:
671:
660:
656:
523:
509:
501:
31:
20:
480:
423:
382:
315:
236:
1781:denotes groups with over 1,000 species
257:The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
317:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004157
7:
1903:
1901:
406:Roger AJ, Simpson AGB (2009-02-24).
169:, previously studied under the name
14:
1917:(Unikonts)-related article is a
1905:
269:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00087.x
51:
304:Molecular Biology and Evolution
129:Walker, Dacks & Embley 2006
111:Walker, Dacks & Embley 2006
1260:
1256:
1016:
1012:
192:mitochondrion, similar to the
1:
1921:. You can help Knowledge by
203:Early molecular data placed
16:Genus of flagellated amoebae
1994:
1900:
188:believed to be a modified
1757:
1509:
1484:
1329:
1276:
1250:
1140:
1069:
1006:
993:
976:
929:
925:
858:
816:
769:
740:
674:
659:
655:
539:
425:10.1016/j.cub.2008.12.032
141:
134:
123:
116:
48:Scientific classification
46:
39:
30:
23:
986:
982:
465:10.1098/rspb.2013.1755
375:10.1098/rspb.2008.1358
253:Mastigamoeba invertens
1658:Gunflint microbiota
1419:Klebsormidiophyceae
1203:Hyphochytriomycetes
159:is a single-celled
1429:Coleochaetophyceae
809:
805:
733:
729:
459:(1769): 20131755.
1930:
1929:
1898:
1897:
1797:Taxon identifiers
1788:
1787:
1753:
1752:
1689:Spironematellidae
1670:Meteora sporadica
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1554:
1553:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1380:Prasinodermophyta
1316:
1315:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1127:
1126:
963:Centroplasthelida
921:
920:
917:
916:
913:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
799:
798:
723:
722:
369:(1657): 597–604.
249:Breviata anathema
176:. The cell lacks
156:Breviata anathema
152:
151:
125:Breviata anathema
112:
1985:
1973:Eukaryote genera
1951:
1944:
1937:
1909:
1902:
1891:
1890:
1878:
1877:
1865:
1864:
1852:
1851:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1792:
1735:Collodictyonidae
1681:Hemimastigophora
1677:
1636:
1507:
1498:
1494:
1486:
1435:Zygnematophyceae
1393:
1373:
1357:
1327:
1274:
1265:
1261:
1252:
1138:
1067:
1021:
1017:
1008:
991:
987:
978:
951:
938:
931:
927:
881:Choanoflagellata
856:
814:
810:
771:
767:
763:
738:
734:
676:
672:
668:
661:
657:
568:
548:
525:
518:
511:
502:
495:
494:
484:
444:
438:
437:
427:
403:
397:
396:
386:
354:
345:
344:
342:
341:(Free full text)
336:. Archived from
319:
295:
289:
288:
244:
180:, much like the
110:
56:
55:
35:
21:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1899:
1894:
1886:
1881:
1873:
1868:
1860:
1855:
1847:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1799:
1789:
1784:
1749:
1721:
1712:Ancyromonadidae
1698:
1675:
1630:
1617:
1608:Malawimonadidae
1594:
1550:
1525:
1489:
1448:
1391:
1364:
1363:
1355:
1312:
1287:
1255:
1226:
1179:
1151:
1123:
1086:
1056:
1011:
1002:
981:
972:
949:
934:
893:
867:
845:
804:
795:
759:
754:
728:
719:
664:
651:
650:
566:
544:
535:
529:
499:
498:
446:
445:
441:
412:Current Biology
405:
404:
400:
356:
355:
348:
340:
297:
296:
292:
246:
245:
238:
233:
130:
127:
109:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1991:
1989:
1981:
1980:
1978:Amorphea stubs
1975:
1970:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1910:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1879:
1866:
1853:
1840:
1825:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1776:
1769:
1765:excluded from
1758:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1717:Planomonadidae
1714:
1708:
1706:
1704:Ancyromonadida
1700:
1699:
1697:
1696:
1694:Paramastigidae
1691:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1646:
1639:
1637:
1633:Incertae sedis
1627:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1495:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1324:
1322:Archaeplastida
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1271:
1262:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1161:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1113:Dinoflagellata
1109:
1107:Chrompodellida
1104:
1096:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1018:
1004:
1003:
1001:
1000:
994:
988:
974:
973:
971:
970:
965:
959:
957:
948:
947:
941:
939:
936:Diaphoretickes
923:
922:
919:
918:
915:
914:
911:
910:
907:
906:
903:
902:
899:
898:
895:
894:
892:
891:
883:
877:
875:
869:
868:
866:
865:
859:
853:
847:
846:
844:
843:
838:
833:
825:
817:
811:
801:
800:
797:
796:
794:
793:
785:
779:
777:
764:
756:
755:
753:
752:
747:
741:
735:
725:
724:
721:
720:
718:
717:
712:
707:
702:
695:
690:
684:
682:
669:
653:
652:
649:
648:
647:
646:
645:
644:
641:Mesomycetozoea
638:
633:
623:
613:
612:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
590:
589:
577:Diaphoretickes
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
541:
540:
537:
536:
534:classification
530:
528:
527:
520:
513:
505:
497:
496:
439:
398:
346:
343:on 2012-07-13.
290:
235:
234:
232:
229:
198:hydrogenosomes
150:
149:
148:
147:
139:
138:
132:
131:
128:
121:
120:
114:
113:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1990:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1821:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1761:¹traditional
1760:
1759:
1756:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1740:Mantamonadida
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1540:
1539:Heterolobosea
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1531:Discicristata
1528:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1362:
1361:Viridiplantae
1358:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1282:Microheliella
1279:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1223:
1222:Actinophryida
1220:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1133:Stramenopiles
1130:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1005:
999:
996:
995:
992:
989:
985:
979:
975:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
952:
946:
943:
942:
940:
937:
932:
928:
924:
889:
888:
884:
882:
879:
878:
876:
874:
870:
864:
861:
860:
857:
854:
852:
848:
842:
839:
837:
836:Ichthyosporea
834:
832:
831:
826:
824:
823:
819:
818:
815:
812:
808:
802:
791:
790:
786:
784:
783:Rotosphaerida
781:
780:
778:
776:
772:
768:
765:
762:
757:
751:
748:
746:
745:Apusomonadida
743:
742:
739:
736:
732:
726:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
700:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
683:
681:
677:
673:
670:
667:
662:
658:
654:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
628:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
617:
614:
610:
607:
605:
604:Stramenopiles
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
588:
585:
584:
583:
580:
579:
578:
575:
573:
570:
567:(major groups
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
547:
543:
542:
538:
533:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
507:
506:
503:
492:
488:
483:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
443:
440:
435:
431:
426:
421:
418:(4): R165–7.
417:
413:
409:
402:
399:
394:
390:
385:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
353:
351:
347:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
313:
310:(6): 978–82.
309:
305:
301:
294:
291:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
243:
241:
237:
230:
228:
226:
222:
221:Apusomonadida
218:
214:
210:
206:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
173:
168:
165:
162:
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146:
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137:
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126:
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119:
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108:
107:
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100:
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96:
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66:
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60:
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54:
49:
45:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1923:expanding it
1912:
1804:
1778:
1773:paraphyletic
1668:
1649:
1631:
1600:Malawimonada
1580:Anaeromonada
1575:Anaeramoebae
1567:
1543:
1520:Tsukubamonas
1518:
1440:
1433:
1424:Charophyceae
1411:
1404:
1397:Streptophyta
1384:
1368:
1348:
1344:Rhodelphidia
1302:Palpitomonas
1300:
1280:
1269:Pancryptista
1214:
1207:
1144:
1111:
1099:
1079:
1049:
1044:Foraminifera
1042:
885:
828:
822:Tunicaraptor
820:
787:
761:Opisthokonta
697:
626:Opisthokonta
456:
452:
442:
415:
411:
401:
366:
362:
338:the original
307:
303:
293:
263:(2): 65–78.
260:
256:
252:
248:
217:Opisthokonta
213:phylogenomic
204:
202:
178:mitochondria
172:Mastigamoeba
170:
155:
154:
153:
144:
124:
118:Type species
105:
104:
40:
24:
18:
1829:Wikispecies
1664:Chitinozoan
1590:Parabasalia
1442:Embryophyta
1406:Chlorokybus
1386:Chlorophyta
1334:Glaucophyta
1308:Cryptophyta
1198:Pirsoniales
1165:Bicosoecida
1146:Platysulcus
1119:Perkinsozoa
1101:Apicomplexa
1074:Colponemida
841:Pluriformea
710:Archamoebea
699:Eumycetozoa
145:B. anathema
95:Breviatidae
41:B. anathema
1962:Categories
1745:Rigifilida
1644:Acritarchs
1569:Barthelona
1560:Metamonada
1545:Euglenozoa
1413:Mesostigma
1369:sensu lato
1350:Rhodophyta
1209:Ochrophyta
1170:Placidozoa
1081:Ciliophora
1051:Radiolaria
968:Haptophyta
863:Filasterea
775:Holomycota
231:References
182:pelobionts
161:flagellate
85:Breviatida
1585:Fornicata
1491:Excavates
1293:Cryptista
1216:Oomycetes
1193:Developea
1175:Sagenista
1062:Alveolata
998:Telonemia
873:Choanozoa
750:Breviatea
693:Tubulinea
680:Amoebozoa
621:Amoebozoa
599:Alveolata
587:Cryptista
562:Eukaryota
532:Eukaryote
473:1471-2954
326:0737-4038
277:1550-7408
209:Amoebozoa
194:mitosomes
190:anaerobic
186:organelle
174:invertens
167:eukaryote
75:Breviatea
65:Eukaryota
1915:Amorphea
1835:Breviata
1820:Q4962544
1814:Wikidata
1805:Breviata
1767:protists
1763:kingdoms
1651:Grypania
1613:Imasidae
1514:Jakobida
1038:Endomyxa
1033:Cercozoa
1025:Rhizaria
955:Haptista
887:Animalia
830:Bicellum
705:Variosea
688:Discosea
666:Amorphea
616:Amorphea
594:Rhizaria
582:Hacrobia
572:Excavata
557:Bacteria
491:23986111
434:19243692
393:19004754
334:12032256
285:16579808
205:Breviata
164:amoeboid
106:Breviata
91:Family:
61:Domain:
25:Breviata
1875:1271841
1862:4894779
1849:9152844
1502:Discoba
1367:Plants
1339:Picozoa
1185:Gyrista
1092:Myzozoa
945:Provora
851:Filozoa
807:Holozoa
715:Cutosea
631:Animals
552:Archaea
482:3768317
384:2660946
207:in the
136:Species
101:Genus:
81:Order:
71:Class:
1968:Obazoa
1888:590648
1775:groups
1157:Bigyra
731:Obazoa
609:Plants
546:Domain
489:
479:
471:
432:
391:
381:
332:
324:
283:
275:
225:Obazoa
1913:This
1870:IRMNG
1727:CRuMs
789:Fungi
636:Fungi
1919:stub
1883:NCBI
1857:GBIF
1779:bold
984:TSAR
487:PMID
469:ISSN
430:PMID
389:PMID
330:PMID
322:ISSN
281:PMID
273:ISSN
255:"".
219:and
196:and
1844:EoL
1258:CAM
1014:SAR
477:PMC
461:doi
457:280
420:doi
379:PMC
371:doi
367:276
312:doi
265:doi
1964::
1885::
1872::
1859::
1846::
1831::
1816::
485:.
475:.
467:.
455:.
451:.
428:.
416:19
414:.
410:.
387:.
377:.
365:.
361:.
349:^
328:.
320:.
308:19
306:.
302:.
279:.
271:.
261:53
259:.
239:^
1950:e
1943:t
1936:v
1925:.
1771:*
1662:†
1656:†
1648:†
1642:†
1493:*
1445:¹
1372:)
1365:(
1076:*
890:¹
827:†
792:¹
643:)
524:e
517:t
510:v
493:.
463::
436:.
422::
395:.
373::
314::
287:.
267::
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