336:
cardiovascular mortality. An earlier review by the same group found a statistically significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular death for first generation sulfonylureas relative to placebo (RR 2.6) but there was not enough data to determine the relative risk of first generation sulfonylureas relative to insulin (RR 1.4). Likewise it was not possible to determine the relative mortality risk of second generation sulfonylureas relative to metformin (RR 1.0), insulin (RR 1.0), or placebo. The FDA requires sulfonylureas to carry a label warning regarding increased risk of cardiovascular death.
639:
31:
483:
528:
513:
498:
365:
Second-generation sulfonylureas have increased potency by weight, compared to first-generation sulfonylureas. Similarly, ACCORD (Action to
Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) and the VADT (Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial) studies showed no reduction in heart attack or death in patients assigned
297:
as a result of excesses in insulin production and release. Hypoglycemia appears to happen more often with sulfonylureas than compared to other treatments. This typically occurs if the dose is too high, and the patient is fasting. Some people attempt to change eating habits to prevent this, however it
335:
A 2014 Cochrane review found tentative evidence that people treated with sulfonylureas have fewer non-fatal cardiovascular events than those treated with metformin (RR 0.7) but a higher risk of severe hypoglycemia (RR 5.6). There was not enough data available to determine the risk of mortality or of
316:
The safety of sulfonylurea therapy in pregnancy is unestablished. Prolonged hypoglycemia (4 to 10 days) has been reported in children borne to mothers taking sulfonylureas at the time of delivery. Impairment of liver or kidney function increase the risk of hypoglycemia, and are contraindications.
761:
Research and development (translational research and commercial application development) for sulfonylureas as herbicides happened in the 1970s and 1980s, as explored for example in a volume of the Sloan
Technology Series focusing on the sociotechnological aspects of agriculture (Canine 1995); the
205:
levels in some cases, when compared to insulin. The same review did not find improvement of fasting C-peptide following treatment with sulfonylurea. Still, it is important to highlight that the studies available to be included in this review presented considerable flaws in quality and design.
183:. Historically, people with hyperglycemia and low blood insulin levels were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by default, but it has been found that patients who receive this diagnosis before 6 months of age are often candidates for receiving sulfonylureas rather than insulin throughout life.
240:
completed in the same year suggested that there is limited evidence if the combined used of
Metformin with Sulphonylurea compared to the combination of Metformin plus another glucose-lowering intervention, provides benefit or harm in mortality, severe adverse events,
2210:
305:, sulfonylureas can induce weight gain, mainly as a result of their effect to increase insulin levels and thus use of glucose and other metabolic fuels. Other side-effects are: gastrointestinal upset,
136:. In the 1960s, more than 1 kg/ha (0.89 lb/acre) crop protection chemical was typically applied, while sulfonylureates allow as little as 1% as much material to achieve the same effect.
209:
While prior sulfonylureas were associated with worse outcomes, newer agents do not appear to increase the risk of death, heart attacks, or strokes. This is further reinforced by a 2020 Cochrane
752:
and commercial application development) for sulfonylureas as pharmaceuticals (as diagnostic and therapeutic agents in prediabetes and diabetes) happened in the 1950s and 1960s, as explored at
1580:
Hemmingsen B, Schroll JB, Lund SS, Wetterslev J, Gluud C, Vaag A, et al. (April 2013). Hemmingsen B (ed.). "Sulphonylurea monotherapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus".
1533:"Sulfonylurea versus metformin monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials and trial sequential analysis"
2203:
1148:"Correction: The Association between Sulfonylurea Use and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials"
1253:"Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus"
1993:
Zhang CL, Katoh M, Shibasaki T, Minami K, Sunaga Y, Takahashi H, et al. (July 2009). "The cAMP sensor Epac2 is a direct target of antidiabetic sulfonylurea drugs".
418:. Sulfonylureas tend to interact with a wide variety of other drugs, but these interactions, as well as their clinical significance, vary from substance to substance.
2196:
2044:
Takahashi T, Shibasaki T, Takahashi H, Sugawara K, Ono A, Inoue N, et al. (October 2013). "Antidiabetic sulfonylureas and cAMP cooperatively activate Epac2A".
728:
350:
monotherapy to sulfonylureas did not find enough evidence of reduction of all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal
1303:
Madsen KS, Kähler P, Kähler LK, Madsbad S, Gnesin F, Metzendorf MI, et al. (April 2019). Cochrane
Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group (ed.).
2786:
2188:
697:
3323:
2413:
1874:
1847:
1822:
1797:
1624:
329:
194:
1251:
Madsen KS, Chi Y, Metzendorf MI, Richter B, Hemmingsen B, et al. (Cochrane
Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group) (December 2019).
176:
Sulfonylureas are ineffective where there is absolute deficiency of insulin production such as in type 1 diabetes or post-pancreatectomy.
1838:
Triplitt CL, Reasner CA (2011). "Chapter 83: diabetes mellitus". In DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM (eds.).
878:
Arnold P. Appleby, Franz Müller, Serge Carpy "Weed
Control" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
3180:
1202:
Gnesin F, Thuesen AC, Kähler LK, Madsbad S, Hemmingsen B, et al. (Cochrane
Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group) (June 2020).
2177:
2097:
Janbon M, Chaptal J, Vedel A, Schaap J (1942). "Accidents hypoglycémiques graves par un sulfamidothiodiazol (le VK 57 ou 2254 RP)".
213:
which did not find enough evidence of reduction of all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal
321:
drugs cannot be used either under these circumstances, insulin therapy is typically recommended during pregnancy and in liver and
236:
in reduction or delay of risk of developing type 2 diabetes, however this trial did not report patient-relevant outcomes. Another
34:
General structural formula of a sulfonylurea. The functional group consists of a sulfonyl group and a N-substituted ureylene group
2883:
2638:
2363:
647:
3371:
814:
Duggleby RG, McCourt JA, Guddat LW (March 2008). "Structure and mechanism of inhibition of plant acetohydroxyacid synthase".
108:
sulfonylureas function by interfering with biosynthesis of the amino acids valine, isoleucine, and leucine, specifically via
916:
Lamberth C, Jeanmart S, Luksch T, Plant A (August 2013). "Current challenges and trends in the discovery of agrochemicals".
2325:
132:, and triflusulfuron-methyl. These are broad-spectrum herbicides that kill plants weeds or pests by inhibiting the enzyme
1352:
Kulkarni, Amol A.; Sajith, Ayyiliath M.; Duarte, Trevor T.; Tena, Anahis; Spencer, Charles T.; Bowen, J. Phillip (2020).
2367:
1936:"Certain sulfonylurea drugs increase serum free fatty acid in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
677:
There is some evidence that sulfonylureas also sensitize β-cells to glucose, that they limit glucose production in the
3340:
3016:
2430:
1305:"Metformin and second- or third-generation sulphonylurea combination therapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus"
763:
374:
Drugs that potentiate or prolong the effects of sulfonylureas and therefore increase the risk of hypoglycemia include
967:
Seino S (August 2012). "Cell signalling in insulin secretion: the molecular targets of ATP, cAMP and sulfonylurea".
482:
2978:
2844:
2377:
3285:
3185:
3175:
112:
inhibition. Compounds in this class include amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl,
225:
monotherapy to sulfonylureas. This same review also did not find improvement in health-related quality of life.
3290:
3260:
3205:
3165:
2629:
2465:
745:
154:
3270:
3250:
3195:
2170:
Dream Reaper: The Story of an Old-Fashioned
Inventor in the High-Tech, High-Stakes World of Modern Agriculture
3245:
3240:
1510:
527:
3328:
3300:
3275:
3255:
3220:
3200:
3190:
3170:
3160:
3083:
2418:
340:
187:
3235:
3230:
512:
497:
3376:
3305:
3265:
3225:
3088:
749:
732:
546:
Sulfonylureas are divided into 3 classes on basis of therapeutic efficiency of their antidiabetic action:
383:
359:
3295:
3280:
3215:
3210:
705:
351:
246:
242:
214:
133:
109:
719:. Mice lacking this factor exhibited a decreased glucose-lowering effect upon sulfonylurea treatment.
3155:
2002:
925:
823:
375:
232:, a 2019 systematic review only found one suitable trial comparing the effects of Sulphonylurea with
1409:
Coll RC, Robertson AA, Chae JJ, Higgins SC, Muñoz-Planillo R, Inserra MC, et al. (March 2015).
638:
2220:
318:
202:
125:
124:, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron,
30:
2907:
2677:
567:
2927:
2341:
2147:
2079:
2026:
1770:
1641:
1633:
1411:"A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases"
992:
949:
403:
262:
121:
715:
Furthermore, it has been shown that sulfonylureas interact with the nucleotide exchange factor
2856:
2502:
2389:
2275:
2173:
2139:
2071:
2018:
1975:
1957:
1916:
1870:
1864:
1843:
1818:
1793:
1762:
1721:
1667:
1616:
1597:
1562:
1489:
1440:
1391:
1373:
1334:
1282:
1233:
1179:
1128:
1072:
1018:
984:
941:
839:
791:
391:
343:
286:
237:
210:
190:
180:
150:
129:
46:
1739:
Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, Reda D, Emanuele N, Reaven PD, et al. (January 2009).
3143:
2359:
2321:
2129:
2061:
2053:
2010:
1965:
1947:
1906:
1752:
1711:
1703:
1608:
1589:
1552:
1544:
1531:
Hemmingsen B, Schroll JB, Wetterslev J, Gluud C, Vaag A, Sonne DP, et al. (July 2014).
1479:
1471:
1430:
1422:
1381:
1365:
1324:
1316:
1272:
1264:
1223:
1215:
1169:
1159:
1118:
1110:
1062:
1054:
976:
933:
879:
831:
310:
1690:
Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, Goff DC, Bigger JT, Buse JB, et al. (June 2008).
2316:
2298:
415:
411:
1817:(in German). Vol. 4 (23 ed.). Eschborn, Germany: Govi Pharmazeutischer Verlag.
1666:, Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2012,
1017:, Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2012,
2006:
1354:"Design, synthesis, and screening of sulfonylurea-derived NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors"
1353:
929:
827:
3334:
3078:
2743:
2672:
2424:
2373:
2280:
2270:
2250:
2228:
1970:
1935:
1716:
1691:
1557:
1532:
1484:
1459:
1435:
1410:
1386:
1329:
1304:
1277:
1252:
1228:
1203:
1174:
1147:
1123:
1098:
1067:
1042:
686:
659:
615:
563:
488:
395:
322:
332:
using sulfonylureas lead to earlier insulin dependence in approximately 30% of cases.
81:
distinguish various sulfonylureas. Sulfonylureas are the most widely used herbicide.
17:
3365:
3124:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
2947:
2703:
2662:
2550:
2545:
2535:
2530:
2336:
953:
709:
591:
555:
117:
113:
2151:
2083:
1774:
249:. Combined Metformin and Sulphonylurea therapy did appear to lead to higher risk of
2957:
2952:
2932:
2834:
2824:
2819:
2708:
2682:
2610:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2565:
2555:
2540:
2520:
2506:
2232:
2030:
1612:
1593:
1475:
1320:
1268:
1219:
1114:
996:
739:
595:
571:
453:
294:
270:
250:
94:
1911:
1894:
2066:
1164:
835:
2942:
2937:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2868:
2862:
2829:
2814:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2753:
2738:
2723:
2713:
2692:
2667:
2615:
2573:
2525:
2515:
2331:
1659:
895:
754:
627:
611:
579:
559:
533:
473:
379:
290:
229:
98:
54:
1952:
1369:
1010:
783:
3119:
3006:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2733:
2718:
2687:
2492:
2057:
1058:
980:
735:
682:
607:
599:
575:
518:
503:
1961:
1741:"Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes"
1377:
883:
857:
3129:
3044:
3034:
3001:
2852:
2809:
2728:
2487:
2474:
2014:
1792:(in German) (2009/2010 ed.). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag.
937:
655:
603:
399:
347:
282:
233:
222:
166:
158:
105:
90:
2143:
2075:
2022:
1979:
1934:
Yu, Ming; Feng, Xiao-Yu; Yao, Shuai; Wang, Chang; Yang, Ping (2022-09-16).
1920:
1766:
1725:
1671:
1620:
1601:
1566:
1548:
1493:
1458:
Shyangdan DS, Royle P, Clar C, Sharma P, Waugh N, Snaith A (October 2011).
1444:
1395:
1338:
1286:
1237:
1183:
1132:
1076:
1022:
988:
945:
843:
795:
2134:
2117:
1757:
1740:
1707:
1630:. If this is an intentional citation to a retracted paper, please replace
3029:
3024:
2482:
666:
channels. The rise in intracellular calcium leads to increased fusion of
407:
306:
197:(LADA) and found that Sulfonylureas did not improve metabolic control of
170:
66:
58:
50:
1664:
LiverTox: Clinical and
Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury
1015:
LiverTox: Clinical and
Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury
658:, which depolarizes the cell by preventing potassium from exiting. This
2246:
2224:
1041:
Greeley SA, Tucker SE, Naylor RN, Bell GI, Philipson LH (August 2010).
716:
671:
667:
663:
387:
302:
198:
162:
449:). Chemically, this functionality can be easily installed by reacting
325:, although some of the newer agents offer potentially better options.
2598:
355:
218:
1893:
Proks P, Reimann F, Green N, Gribble F, Ashcroft F (December 2002).
1426:
1097:
Brophy S, Davies H, Mannan S, Brunt H, Williams R (September 2011).
896:"Pesticides in agriculture and environment: Impacts on human health"
2602:
678:
637:
266:
29:
1146:
Rados DV, Pinto LC, Remonti LR, Leitão CB, Gross JL (June 2016).
261:
Sulfonylureas are also used experimentally to inhibit release of
1204:"Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus"
642:
Diagram of glucose reduction and insulin release in the pancreas
630:, although it is sometimes considered a second-generation drug.
450:
70:
2453:
2244:
2192:
1099:"Interventions for latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) in adults"
1043:"Neonatal diabetes mellitus: a model for personalized medicine"
1460:"Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus"
782:
Costello, Ryan A.; Nicolas, Samar; Shivkumar, Abhijit (2024),
2118:"New weapons to combat an ancient disease: treating diabetes"
27:
Class of organic compounds used in medicine and agriculture
1692:"Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes"
1842:(8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. p. 1274.
1505:
1503:
681:, that they decrease lipolysis (breakdown and release of
670:
granules with the cell membrane, and therefore increased
328:
A 2011 Cochrane review found evidence that treatment of
116:, ethametsulfuron-methyl, cinosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron,
1866:
Clinical diabetes mellitus: a problem-oriented approach
69:
group (N,N-dehydrourea, a dehydrogenated derivative of
65:) with its sulphur atom bonded to a nitrogen atom of a
738:
and discovered that the compound sulfonylurea induced
727:
Sulfonylureas were discovered in 1942, by the chemist
128:, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron,
394:, contravening the effects of antidiabetics, include
3142:
3112:
3043:
3015:
2977:
2970:
2882:
2843:
2785:
2752:
2649:
2637:
2628:
2597:
2564:
2501:
2473:
2464:
2387:
2350:
2307:
2289:
2261:
689:) and decrease clearance of insulin by the liver.
179:Sulfonylureas can be used to treat some types of
1895:"Sulfonylurea stimulation of insulin secretion"
1888:
1886:
790:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
120:, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, imazosulfuron,
2163:
2161:
1298:
1296:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
654:) channels on the cell membrane of pancreatic
2204:
2172:. Sloan Technology Series. pp. 189–213.
366:to tight glucose control with various drugs.
8:
1840:Pharmacotherapy: a pathophysiologic approach
731:and co-workers in France, who were studying
1582:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1464:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1309:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1257:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1208:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1103:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3148:
2974:
2840:
2646:
2634:
2470:
2461:
2450:
2258:
2241:
2211:
2197:
2189:
1644:|...|intentional=yes}}
1520:. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2009.
438:) and various groups terminating the urea
221:or end-stage renal disease when comparing
2133:
2065:
1969:
1951:
1910:
1756:
1715:
1556:
1483:
1434:
1385:
1328:
1276:
1227:
1173:
1163:
1122:
1066:
293:and other newer treatments – may induce
93:, because they can interfere with plant
774:
696:channel is an octameric complex of the
478:
1047:Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
698:inward-rectifier potassium ion channel
193:evaluated the effects on treatment of
1813:Dinnendahl V, Fricke U, eds. (2010).
57:. The functional group consists of a
7:
2231:, and other drugs used in diabetes (
195:Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
89:Many sulfonylureas are also used as
3201:Glibenclamide (glyburide)/metformin
3181:Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin/metformin
1745:The New England Journal of Medicine
1696:The New England Journal of Medicine
430:-arylsulfonylurea structure with a
201:at 3 and 12 months, even worsening
1869:. Stuttgart: Thieme. p. 422.
1660:"Sulfonylureas, Second Generation"
25:
2168:Canine C (1995). "War on weeds".
1511:"Diaßeta (glyburide) Tablets USP"
816:Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
434:-substituent on the phenyl ring (
646:Sulfonylureas bind to and close
526:
511:
496:
481:
426:Sulfonylureas contain a central
1940:World Journal of Clinical Cases
1613:10.1002/14651858.CD009008.pub3
1594:10.1002/14651858.CD009008.pub2
1476:10.1002/14651858.cd006423.pub2
1321:10.1002/14651858.CD012368.pub2
1269:10.1002/14651858.CD008558.pub2
1220:10.1002/14651858.CD012906.pub2
1115:10.1002/14651858.cd006165.pub3
281:Sulfonylureas – as opposed to
1:
1912:10.2337/diabetes.51.2007.S368
3017:Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
1358:Medicinal Chemistry Research
1165:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002091
836:10.1016/j.plaphy.2007.12.004
145:Treatment of type 2 diabetes
2979:Aldose reductase inhibitors
764:DuPont Experimental Station
708:SUR which associate with a
247:microvascular complications
3393:
2845:GLP1 poly-agonist peptides
2116:Patlak M (December 2002).
1953:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i26.9524
1370:10.1007/s00044-019-02466-7
298:can be counterproductive.
257:Interleukin-1 β inhibitors
230:impaired-glucose tolerance
3291:Sitagliptin/ertugliflozin
3286:Sitagliptin/dapagliflozin
3206:Glimepiride/rosiglitazone
3186:Empagliflozin/linagliptin
3176:Dapagliflozin/saxagliptin
3151:
2704:Glibenclamide (glyburide)
2460:
2449:
2257:
2240:
2058:10.1126/scisignal.2004581
1788:Haberfeld H, ed. (2009).
1059:10.1016/j.tem.2010.03.004
981:10.1007/s00125-012-2562-9
157:. They act by increasing
3271:Pioglitazone/sitagliptin
3261:Pioglitazone/glimepiride
3251:Phenformin/sulfonylureas
3196:Gemigliptin/rosuvastatin
3166:Cagrilintide/semaglutide
884:10.1002/14356007.a28_165
746:Research and development
586:Second-generation drugs:
155:diabetes mellitus type 2
149:They are widely used as
3301:Sitagliptin/simvastatin
3276:Rosiglitazone/metformin
3256:Pioglitazone/alogliptin
3246:Metformin/teneligliptin
3241:Metformin/sulfonylureas
3221:Metformin/ertugliflozin
3191:Empagliflozin/metformin
3171:Dapagliflozin/metformin
3161:Canagliflozin/metformin
2787:GLP-1 receptor agonists
2015:10.1126/science.1172256
1518:Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC
938:10.1126/science.1237227
622:Third-generation drugs:
550:First-generation drugs:
360:end-stage renal disease
3306:Vildagliptin/metformin
3266:Pioglitazone/metformin
1905:(Suppl 3): S368–S376.
1549:10.9778/cmajo.20130073
766:led this development.
750:translational research
643:
35:
18:Sulfonylurea herbicide
3372:Disulfiram-like drugs
3296:Sitagliptin/metformin
3281:Saxagliptin/metformin
3236:Metformin/repaglinide
3231:Metformin/gemigliptin
3211:Linagliptin/metformin
2135:10.1096/fj.02-0974bkt
2067:20.500.14094/D1005987
1758:10.1056/NEJMoa0808431
1708:10.1056/NEJMoa0802743
1636:|...}}
1607:(Retracted, see
755:Tolbutamide § History
706:sulfonylurea receptor
641:
352:myocardial infarction
215:myocardial infarction
153:in the management of
134:acetolactate synthase
110:acetolactate synthase
33:
3226:Metformin/evogliptin
3156:Alogliptin/metformin
662:opens voltage-gated
390:. Drugs that worsen
376:acetylsalicylic acid
228:In individuals with
73:). The side chains R
2466:Insulin sensitizers
2221:diabetes medication
2007:2009Sci...325..607Z
1863:Davidson J (2000).
1815:Arzneistoff-Profile
930:2013Sci...341..742L
828:2008PlPB...46..309D
674:of mature insulin.
634:Mechanism of action
404:oral contraceptives
126:sulfometuron-methyl
3345:Never to phase III
3216:Metformin/acarbose
2566:Dual PPAR agonists
2435:Never to phase III
2342:Ultralente insulin
644:
287:thiazolidinediones
263:interleukin 1 beta
151:antidiabetic drugs
122:metsulfuron-methyl
36:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3318:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3138:
3137:
2966:
2965:
2878:
2877:
2781:
2780:
2624:
2623:
2445:
2444:
2408:
2407:
2352:ultra-long-acting
2276:Insulin glulisine
2046:Science Signaling
2001:(5940): 607–610.
1946:(26): 9524–9535.
1876:978-0-86577-840-5
1849:978-0-07-170354-3
1824:978-3-7741-9846-3
1799:978-3-85200-196-8
1702:(24): 2545–2559.
392:glucose tolerance
378:and derivatives,
344:systematic review
238:systematic review
211:systematic review
191:systematic review
181:neonatal diabetes
130:tribenuron-methyl
85:Agricultural uses
47:organic compounds
16:(Redirected from
3384:
3149:
3045:SGLT2 inhibitors
2975:
2884:DPP-4 inhibitors
2865:(GLP-1/GIP/GCGR)
2841:
2647:
2635:
2471:
2462:
2451:
2360:Insulin degludec
2322:Insulin glargine
2259:
2242:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2137:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2069:
2041:
2035:
2034:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1955:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1914:
1890:
1881:
1880:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1760:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1719:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1637:
1626:Retraction Watch
1605:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1543:(3): E162–E175.
1528:
1522:
1521:
1515:
1507:
1498:
1497:
1487:
1470:(10): CD006423.
1455:
1449:
1448:
1438:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1332:
1300:
1291:
1290:
1280:
1263:(12): CD008558.
1248:
1242:
1241:
1231:
1199:
1188:
1187:
1177:
1167:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1126:
1094:
1081:
1080:
1070:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1007:
1001:
1000:
975:(8): 2096–2108.
964:
958:
957:
913:
907:
906:
900:
892:
886:
876:
870:
869:
867:
865:
854:
848:
847:
811:
805:
804:
803:
802:
779:
570:(tolcyclamide),
536:(2nd generation)
530:
521:(2nd generation)
515:
506:(1st generation)
500:
491:(1st generation)
485:
444:
416:thyroid hormones
412:sympathomimetics
311:hypersensitivity
21:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3351:
3350:
3335:Clinical trials
3310:
3134:
3108:
3039:
3011:
2962:
2874:
2839:
2777:
2748:
2642:
2620:
2593:
2560:
2505:/"glitazones" (
2497:
2456:
2441:
2440:
2425:Clinical trials
2404:
2383:
2364:+insulin aspart
2346:
2317:Insulin detemir
2303:
2299:Regular insulin
2285:
2253:
2251:insulin analogs
2236:
2229:insulin analogs
2217:
2187:
2180:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2099:Montpellier Med
2096:
2095:
2091:
2043:
2042:
2038:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1800:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1676:
1674:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1639:
1631:
1629:
1606:
1588:(4): CD009008.
1579:
1578:
1574:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1427:10.1038/nm.3806
1415:Nature Medicine
1408:
1407:
1403:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1315:(4): CD012368.
1302:
1301:
1294:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1214:(6): CD012906.
1201:
1200:
1191:
1158:(6): e1002091.
1145:
1144:
1140:
1109:(9): CD006165.
1096:
1095:
1084:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1027:
1025:
1011:"Sulfonylureas"
1009:
1008:
1004:
966:
965:
961:
924:(6147): 742–6.
915:
914:
910:
898:
894:
893:
889:
877:
873:
863:
861:
856:
855:
851:
813:
812:
808:
800:
798:
784:"Sulfonylureas"
781:
780:
776:
772:
725:
703:
695:
653:
648:ATP-sensitive K
636:
544:
537:
531:
522:
516:
507:
501:
492:
486:
471:
467:
463:
459:
442:
424:
396:corticosteroids
372:
279:
259:
147:
142:
87:
80:
76:
64:
45:are a class of
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3390:
3388:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3364:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3079:Luseogliflozin
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2866:
2860:
2849:
2847:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2744:Glyclopyramide
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2700:2nd generation
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2673:Chlorpropamide
2670:
2665:
2659:1st generation
2655:
2653:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2468:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2393:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2374:Insulin icodec
2371:
2356:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2281:Insulin lispro
2278:
2273:
2271:Insulin aspart
2267:
2265:
2255:
2254:
2245:
2238:
2237:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2193:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2157:
2108:
2089:
2036:
1985:
1926:
1882:
1875:
1855:
1848:
1830:
1823:
1805:
1798:
1780:
1751:(2): 129–139.
1731:
1682:
1651:
1572:
1523:
1499:
1450:
1421:(3): 248–255.
1401:
1364:(1): 126–135.
1344:
1292:
1243:
1189:
1138:
1082:
1053:(8): 464–472.
1033:
1002:
959:
908:
903:aesacademy.org
887:
871:
858:"Nicosulfuron"
849:
822:(3): 309–324.
806:
773:
771:
768:
724:
721:
701:
693:
687:adipose tissue
660:depolarization
651:
635:
632:
624:
623:
616:glyclopyramide
588:
587:
564:chlorpropamide
552:
551:
543:
542:Classification
540:
539:
538:
532:
525:
523:
517:
510:
508:
502:
495:
493:
489:Chlorpropamide
487:
480:
469:
465:
461:
457:
423:
420:
371:
368:
323:kidney failure
278:
275:
258:
255:
146:
143:
141:
138:
86:
83:
78:
74:
62:
43:sulphonylureas
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3389:
3378:
3377:Sulfonylureas
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3125:Bromocriptine
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3104:Velagliflozin
3102:
3100:
3099:Tofogliflozin
3097:
3095:
3094:Sotagliflozin
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3084:Remogliflozin
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:Ipragliflozin
3072:
3070:
3069:Ertugliflozin
3067:
3065:
3064:Empagliflozin
3062:
3060:
3059:Dapagliflozin
3057:
3055:
3054:Canagliflozin
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:/"gliflozins"
3046:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2969:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2948:Teneligliptin
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2663:Acetohexamide
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2651:Sulfonylureas
2648:
2645:
2643:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2630:Secretagogues
2627:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2551:Rosiglitazone
2549:
2547:
2546:Rivoglitazone
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Netoglitazone
2534:
2532:
2531:Lobeglitazone
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2452:
2448:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2337:Lente insulin
2335:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2326:+lixisenatide
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2214:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2200:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2181:
2179:9780517472378
2175:
2171:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:FASEB Journal
2119:
2112:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2052:(298): ra94.
2051:
2047:
2040:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1859:
1856:
1851:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1831:
1826:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1790:Austria-Codex
1784:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1686:
1683:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1643:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1519:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1454:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1152:PLOS Medicine
1149:
1142:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1034:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
963:
960:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
912:
909:
904:
897:
891:
888:
885:
881:
875:
872:
859:
853:
850:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
810:
807:
797:
793:
789:
785:
778:
775:
769:
767:
765:
759:
757:
756:
751:
747:
743:
741:
737:
734:
730:
729:Marcel Janbon
722:
720:
718:
713:
711:
710:stoichiometry
707:
699:
690:
688:
684:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
649:
640:
633:
631:
629:
626:They include
621:
620:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
594:(glyburide),
593:
592:glibenclamide
590:They include
585:
584:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:acetohexamide
554:They include
549:
548:
547:
541:
535:
529:
524:
520:
514:
509:
505:
499:
494:
490:
484:
479:
477:
475:
455:
452:
448:
441:
437:
433:
429:
421:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
369:
367:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
342:
337:
333:
331:
326:
324:
320:
314:
312:
308:
304:
299:
296:
292:
288:
284:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
256:
254:
252:
248:
244:
243:macrovascular
239:
235:
231:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
207:
204:
200:
196:
192:
189:
184:
182:
177:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
144:
139:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
118:flazasulfuron
115:
114:chlorsulfuron
111:
107:
102:
100:
96:
92:
84:
82:
72:
68:
61:group (-S(=O)
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
39:Sulfonylureas
32:
19:
3144:Combinations
3089:Sergliflozin
2958:Vildagliptin
2953:Trelagliptin
2933:Omarigliptin
2908:Garvagliptin
2835:Taspoglutide
2825:Orforglipron
2820:Lixisenatide
2754:Meglitinides
2709:Glibornuride
2699:
2683:Metahexamide
2678:Glycyclamide
2658:
2650:
2611:Cagrilintide
2601:analogs and
2589:Tesaglitazar
2584:Saroglitazar
2579:Muraglitazar
2556:Troglitazone
2541:Pioglitazone
2521:Darglitazone
2455:Non-insulins
2388:
2378:+semaglutide
2368:+liraglutide
2351:
2308:
2291:short-acting
2290:
2262:
2169:
2128:(14): 1853.
2125:
2121:
2111:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2049:
2045:
2039:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1943:
1939:
1929:
1902:
1898:
1865:
1858:
1839:
1833:
1814:
1808:
1789:
1783:
1748:
1744:
1734:
1699:
1695:
1685:
1675:, retrieved
1663:
1654:
1640:{{
1632:{{
1625:
1623:,
1585:
1581:
1575:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1517:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1418:
1414:
1404:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1312:
1308:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1211:
1207:
1155:
1151:
1141:
1106:
1102:
1050:
1046:
1036:
1026:, retrieved
1014:
1005:
972:
969:Diabetologia
968:
962:
921:
917:
911:
902:
890:
874:
862:. Retrieved
852:
819:
815:
809:
799:, retrieved
787:
777:
760:
753:
744:
742:in animals.
740:hypoglycemia
726:
714:
691:
676:
645:
625:
596:glibornuride
589:
572:metahexamide
568:glycyclamide
553:
545:
454:sulfonamides
446:
439:
435:
431:
427:
425:
384:sulfonamides
373:
370:Interactions
364:
354:, non-fatal
338:
334:
327:
319:antidiabetic
317:Since other
315:
300:
295:hypoglycemia
280:
277:Side effects
271:inflammasome
260:
251:Hypoglycemia
227:
217:, non-fatal
208:
185:
178:
175:
148:
140:Medical uses
103:
95:biosynthesis
88:
42:
38:
37:
3331:from market
2943:Sitagliptin
2938:Saxagliptin
2928:Melogliptin
2923:Linagliptin
2918:Gosogliptin
2913:Gemigliptin
2886:/"gliptins"
2871:(GLP-1/GIP)
2869:Tirzepatide
2863:Retatrutide
2830:Semaglutide
2815:Liraglutide
2805:Dulaglutide
2800:Danuglipron
2795:Albiglutide
2773:Repaglinide
2768:Nateglinide
2763:Mitiglinide
2756:/"glinides"
2739:Glisoxepide
2724:Glimepiride
2714:Glicaramide
2693:Tolbutamide
2668:Carbutamide
2616:Pramlintide
2574:Aleglitazar
2526:Englitazone
2516:Ciglitazone
2421:from market
2332:NPH insulin
2309:long-acting
2263:fast-acting
736:antibiotics
733:sulfonamide
683:fatty acids
628:glimepiride
612:glisoxepide
580:tolbutamide
560:carbutamide
534:Glimepiride
474:isocyanates
445:end group (
380:allopurinol
313:reactions.
291:pramlintide
269:(or NLRP3)
99:amino acids
97:of certain
55:agriculture
3366:Categories
3120:Benfluorex
3007:Zenarestat
2997:Ranirestat
2992:Fidarestat
2987:Epalrestat
2903:Evogliptin
2898:Anagliptin
2893:Alogliptin
2734:Gliquidone
2719:Gliclazide
2688:Tolazamide
2493:Phenformin
2475:Biguanides
1677:2024-08-16
1028:2024-08-01
860:. EXTOXNET
801:2024-08-01
788:StatPearls
770:References
656:beta cells
608:gliquidone
600:gliclazide
576:tolazamide
519:Gliclazide
504:Tolazamide
406:and other
346:comparing
167:beta cells
106:herbicides
91:herbicides
3341:Phase III
3329:Withdrawn
3130:Imeglimin
3035:Voglibose
3002:Tolrestat
2853:Mazdutide
2810:Exenatide
2729:Glipizide
2488:Metformin
2431:Phase III
2419:Withdrawn
2390:inhalable
1962:2307-8960
1642:retracted
1634:retracted
1537:CMAJ Open
1378:1054-2523
954:206548681
672:secretion
604:glipizide
476:(R—NCO).
422:Structure
408:estrogens
400:isoniazid
348:metformin
283:metformin
265:from the
234:Metformin
223:metformin
165:from the
159:secretion
3030:Miglitol
3025:Acarbose
2483:Buformin
2247:Insulins
2225:insulins
2152:35412249
2144:12468446
2105:: 21–22.
2084:27711862
2076:24150255
2023:19644119
1980:36159441
1921:12475777
1899:Diabetes
1775:16608858
1767:19092145
1726:18539917
1672:31643463
1621:26222249
1602:23633364
1567:25295236
1494:21975753
1445:25686105
1396:32435125
1339:30998259
1287:31794067
1238:32501595
1184:27340828
1133:21901702
1077:20434356
1023:31643682
989:22555472
946:23950530
844:18234503
796:30020597
712:of 4:4.
704:6.x and
388:fibrates
341:Cochrane
307:headache
188:Cochrane
171:pancreas
67:ureylene
59:sulfonyl
51:medicine
49:used in
2855:(GLP-1/
2401:Afrezza
2398:Exubera
2031:8923842
2003:Bibcode
1995:Science
1971:9477688
1717:4551392
1558:4185978
1485:6486297
1436:4392179
1387:7223447
1330:6472662
1278:6889926
1229:7386876
1175:4920361
1124:6486159
1068:2914172
997:7146975
926:Bibcode
918:Science
824:Bibcode
723:History
668:insulin
472:) with
339:A 2020
303:insulin
199:glucose
186:A 2011
169:in the
163:insulin
3324:WHO-EM
2603:DACRAs
2599:Amylin
2414:WHO-EM
2176:
2150:
2142:
2082:
2074:
2029:
2021:
1978:
1968:
1960:
1919:
1873:
1846:
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1724:
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1670:
1619:
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1433:
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1065:
1021:
995:
987:
952:
944:
842:
794:
414:, and
386:, and
356:stroke
285:, the
219:stroke
3113:Other
2971:Other
2219:Oral
2148:S2CID
2080:S2CID
2027:S2CID
1771:S2CID
1638:with
1514:(PDF)
993:S2CID
950:S2CID
899:(PDF)
864:9 May
717:Epac2
692:The K
679:liver
301:Like
267:NALP3
203:HbA1c
77:and R
2857:GCGR
2507:PPAR
2503:TZDs
2227:and
2174:ISBN
2140:PMID
2072:PMID
2019:PMID
1976:PMID
1958:ISSN
1917:PMID
1871:ISBN
1844:ISBN
1819:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1763:PMID
1722:PMID
1668:PMID
1617:PMID
1598:PMID
1563:PMID
1490:PMID
1468:2011
1441:PMID
1392:PMID
1374:ISSN
1335:PMID
1283:PMID
1261:2019
1234:PMID
1212:2020
1180:PMID
1129:PMID
1107:2011
1073:PMID
1019:PMID
985:PMID
942:PMID
866:2013
840:PMID
792:PMID
614:and
578:and
456:(R—C
451:aryl
330:LADA
309:and
245:and
71:urea
53:and
2641:ATP
2233:A10
2130:doi
2103:441
2062:hdl
2054:doi
2011:doi
1999:325
1966:PMC
1948:doi
1907:doi
1753:doi
1749:360
1712:PMC
1704:doi
1700:358
1609:doi
1590:doi
1553:PMC
1545:doi
1480:PMC
1472:doi
1431:PMC
1423:doi
1382:PMC
1366:doi
1325:PMC
1317:doi
1273:PMC
1265:doi
1224:PMC
1216:doi
1170:PMC
1160:doi
1119:PMC
1111:doi
1063:PMC
1055:doi
977:doi
934:doi
922:341
880:doi
832:doi
694:ATP
685:by
652:ATP
464:—SO
358:or
161:of
104:As
41:or
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