21:
2518:(e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes
52:
2536:, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias:
2100:: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword
5161:
metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. You can also use editor-mask and translator-mask in the same way.
82:
2195:: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher.
2842:: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See
858:
Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all
Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A
9828:
Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For cs1, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For cs2, element separator is a
4984:
Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined,
3738:
Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information –
6430:
Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized
Romanization defined in title (if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly
5400:
Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed.
5160:
Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for
4182:
In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums. These would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers
2162:. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of
9829:
comma (,); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to
Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation use the postscript parameter.
3237:
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
3399:
The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g.
714:{{cite mailing list |url=http://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/debian-announce-1996/msg00021.html |title=Debian Linux Distribution Release 1.1 Now Available |mailing-list=debian-announce |date=June 6, 1996 |last=Perens |first=Bruce |author-link=Bruce Perens}}
4463:
will be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as
657:, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then
4376:); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation use
3743:. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without
5054:
Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Ignored if quote is
6143:
Replaces the name of the seventh editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5322:
Replaces the name of the seventh author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
6263:
Replaces the name of the eighth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5783:
Replaces the name of the fourth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5543:
Replaces the name of the second editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5349:
Replaces the name of the eighth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
5241:
Replaces the name of the fourth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
5187:
Replaces the name of the second author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
6383:
Replaces the name of the ninth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
6023:
Replaces the name of the sixth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5903:
Replaces the name of the fifth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5663:
Replaces the name of the third editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with'
5376:
Replaces the name of the ninth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
5295:
Replaces the name of the sixth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
5268:
Replaces the name of the fifth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
5214:
Replaces the name of the third author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with'
4535:
Controls the number of author (or other kind of contributor) names that are displayed. By default, all authors are displayed. To change the displayed number of names, set the parameter to the desired number. For example,
3747:
additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
2653:) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution.
2421:: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:
3739:
usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use
4302:: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If
838:
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
4324:: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
1983:: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
3039:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the
2553:. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one of
620:
3021:– Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in
4568:
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message.
10958:
4915:
Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors which list one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends 'et al.' to author name-list.
10691:
10686:
1412:: this parameter is used to hold the name of an organizational author (e.g. a committee) or the complete name (first and last) of a single person; for the latter, prefer the use of
2166:. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form, e.g.
680:{{cite mailing list |url= |title= |date= |access-date=18 September 2024 |mailing-list= |last= |first= |author= |author-link= |language= |quote= |archive-url= |archive-date= |ref=}}
7522:
Sets the style for the list. Accepts 'amp', 'and', and 'vanc'. amp displays an ampersand after the penultimate name; and the same with 'and', and vanc displays in
Vancouver format
10913:
2342:
3022:
10519:
3095:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)
3047:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)
10898:
10681:
10412:
595:
10886:
2159:
36:
10476:
3308:
3008:
no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities, such as vice, reseller and advertising sites; links to
10752:
3856:
10925:
10882:
32:
4447:
to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with
3025:
when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.
3981:
613:
6817:
The language in which the source is written, if not
English; use the ISO 639 language code (preferred) or the full language name; do not use icons or templates
3804:
additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
2471:
Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates.
7499:
An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates
4480:
or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g.
10531:
10737:
10605:
9987:
10509:
4219:). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.
606:
10696:
40:
2675:: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so
10841:
10469:
3316:
2804:
1701:
Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of
10431:
3445:
2163:
6768:
Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'
10908:
10823:
10742:
3815:
3662:
2545:: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example,
3252:
Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD.
799:
Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
10968:
10963:
10567:
10407:
3789:
2250:
The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a
10868:
10893:
10610:
4886:
If using
Vancouver style, comma separated list of author names; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses
3894:
3800:
or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without
3719:
588:
5031:
Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed
3769: – if you are unsure of how any particular ISBN should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher.
10504:
10462:
10747:
9903:
International
Standard Music Number; Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional.
4255:
are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for
3376:
2781:
2210:
target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate
2700:
is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.
10701:
6667:
Free-text field for people involved in creating a work who cannot be added with another name parameter such as author or editor
4345:: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.
4119:
527:
10615:
4598:
3149:
10921:
10876:
10676:
10663:
9980:
6840:
Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML
2730:
to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
2218:
links to multiple works by the same author in the same year, unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case,
28:
10653:
10557:
67:
10600:
10595:
808:
10514:
3456:. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example
1842:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
10355:
6690:
Comma separated list of editor names in
Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses
4360:: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For
158:
10643:
10630:
10562:
10547:
4540:
will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other kinds of contributors).
10169:
4805:
Title of existing
Knowledge (XXG) article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
3087:.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the
439:
99:
10577:
10526:
4287:
3312:
1916:
698:{{cite mailing list |url= |title= |date= |access-date=18 September 2024 |mailing-list= |last= |first= |author-link=}}
59:
649:
Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as
10445:
10057:
2004:: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after
260:
10499:
10485:
10225:
9973:
7476:
Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation
7099:
International
Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen
3617:
1919:
styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
1576:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
538:
9251:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
7076:
International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen
4594:
4586:
3665:
for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
1932:: Title of mailing list. May be wikilinked to an existing Knowledge (XXG) article. Formatted in italics. Alias:
63:
10648:
10029:
9306:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9086:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
8976:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
4465:
3088:
3040:
2815:
2337:
2207:
1912:
228:
9782:
The agency (wire service) that provided the content; examples: Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse
9361:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9196:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9141:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9031:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
6529:
The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'
2019:
Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
725:
10300:
10155:
10071:
9957:
407:
292:
209:
10344:
10099:
10043:
4590:
2857:
2849:
2775:
2767:
2403:
2395:
2309:
2301:
2138:: The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either the
324:
244:
142:
2984:
2713:
859:
full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the
10717:
10590:
10585:
10377:
10366:
10311:
10289:
10085:
9996:
8892:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
6719:
When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'
6598:
The status of the URL- live, dead, usurped/unfit (inappropriate content) or deviated (different content)
6091:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'
4329:
4241:
4223:
4204:
3354:
3098:
3050:
2275:
2271:
2198:
1988:
1942:
1733:
1665:
1421:
634:
423:
372:
308:
276:
174:
112:
6211:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'
5731:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'
5491:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'
4759:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link' instead
3152:
contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be
2980:
6331:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'
5971:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'
5851:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'
5611:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'
2340:
target multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. (This situation necessitates a
10388:
10239:
10211:
10183:
4088:
4070:
3920:
3759:
2756:. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that
554:
503:
471:
455:
2753:
2752:
is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see
1896:
listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
10722:
10278:
5137:
The given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'
3607:
1902:: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write
819:
As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
123:
95:
6407:
An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended
3434:(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases:
3013:
2988:
10771:
10732:
10322:
10197:
10141:
10015:
3392:
2897:
2356:
format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)
519:
487:
391:
193:
10859:
4311:
1970:
814:
3897:. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example
2278:
templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as
10872:
10804:
10552:
10253:
10127:
4247:, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when
4157:
3372:
1378:
instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use
570:
356:
4961:
Full name of interviewer(s); separate interviewers with a semicolon (;); wikilink as desired.
4368:); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For
3729:
3347:
be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set
2427:– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;
638:
10793:
10727:
10620:
4471:
4137:
3388:
2799:
2719:
2185:
2059:
7355:
The Corpus identifier in Semantic Scholar. Displays as a link to the Semantic Scholar page.
3092:
3044:
88:
10940:
10782:
4003:
3153:
2760:
is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See
2565:
is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if
1661:
1641:
7545:
number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; must be less than the number listed
10638:
4286:) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a
3999:
1636:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to
10952:
8609:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.
7917:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink.
3945:
3701:
3577:
3333:
3255:
2979:
are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead
2810:
2795:
2474:
2065:
8661:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.
8453:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.
8349:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.
7972:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink.
7755:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink.
7615:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink.
3375:, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an
3275:: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set,
2260:
date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01
10671:
8713:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.
8557:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.
8505:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.
8401:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.
8027:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink.
7862:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.
7810:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink.
7685:
Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink.
3963:
3383:
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as
3323:
2384:
does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by
2346:
2213:
721:
6460:
Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case
2832:) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias:
2649:, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g.
3141:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided.
10833:
7125:
Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet
3938:
2740:
was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires
1420:. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Supports
1953:: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Knowledge (XXG) article or
7891:
The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7' instead.
4544:
is a special case suppressing the display of all authors including the et al.
3106:
2071:
1632:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to
9225:
The surname of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
7946:
The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8' instead.
7723:
The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4' instead.
7583:
The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2' instead.
4985:
then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.
9280:
The surname of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9060:
The surname of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
8950:
The surname of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
8001:
The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9' instead.
7839:
The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6' instead.
7784:
The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5' instead.
7653:
The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3' instead.
3704:
identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example
3599:
3589:
2957:
is still 'live' but no-longer supports the text in a Knowledge (XXG) article
2595:: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. If
2495:
2326:
parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the
217:
9335:
The surname of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9170:
The surname of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9115:
The surname of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
9005:
The surname of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
2707:?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
2364:: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the
2172:
at a French-language wiki instead of the English word "Spanish". Aliases:
15:
7453:
A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable
3470:: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
3419:
2744:; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.
2679:
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
1424:. Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata.
5401:|display-editors=etal displays all editors in the list followed by et al.
4556:: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (
4336:... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...
3942:
2650:
2533:
1995:... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
1467:
10454:
7053:
International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible
2971:
links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, or other unsuitable
2607:
displays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, following
2522:
newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after
9517:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the seventh translator.
3797:
3569:
3555:
2692:: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by
2445:– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;
2139:
1787:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each
1471:
1466:
is empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance with
380:
182:
9543:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the eighth translator.
9439:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fourth translator.
9387:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the second translator.
8583:
The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.
3355:
Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates
2184:"Knowledge (XXG):Undated" redirects here. For undated signatures, see
2086:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the source named in
1560:. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use
850:, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.
9689:
If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.
9569:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the ninth translator.
9491:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the sixth translator.
9465:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fifth translator.
9413:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the third translator.
8863:
The surname of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'.
8635:
The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.
8427:
The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.
8323:
The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.
6059:
The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'
4045:
3819:
3666:
2627:. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink.
8687:
The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.
8531:
The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.
8479:
The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.
8375:
The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.
6179:
The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'
5699:
The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'
5459:
The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'
4718:
The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link' instead
3653:. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
2798:
snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as
9965:
8245:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the seventh author.
6299:
The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'
5939:
The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'
5819:
The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'
5579:
The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'
1503:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each
10855:
9660:
Aggregate or database provider, when different from the Publisher.
8271:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the eighth author.
8161:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fourth author.
8097:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the second author.
6863:
An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers
6117:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the seventh editor
4616:
uses unique and standard parameter sets; TemplateData has errors:
4548:
displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none.
3876:
3416:
804:
131:
8297:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the ninth author.
8219:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the sixth author.
8193:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the sixth author.
8129:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the third author.
7148:
Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code
6237:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the eighth editor
5757:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fourth editor
5517:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the second editor
3581:
3064:
6357:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the ninth editor
5997:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the sixth editor
5877:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the fifth editor
5637:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the third editor
4420:
4290:
to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
3823:
3818:; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
3733:
3670:
3608:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341
3142:
10458:
9969:
8921:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the translator.
3602:
id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g.
2142:
language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples:
1957:
may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in
4328:(if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the
3558:; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example:
2506:
or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do
76:
46:
1263:
By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).
832:|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
6981:
CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter
5099:
The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'
3160:. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
3765:
template within the parameter – in the form
3649:: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at
3091:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include
3043:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include
1620:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to
9869:
If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.
8065:
Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the author
4364:, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (
3339:
templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair
3079:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after
3012:
are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at
2712:
For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see
2314:
template. See those templates' documentation for details.
1742:: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use
7286:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier
6745:
Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked
6506:
The full date when the post was accessed; do not wikilink
2585:
is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and
6912:
ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US
6552:
Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink
2494:: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The
2104:
can be used to disable the display of a type. Examples:
1884:: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires
10902:
9720:
If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.
4207:
which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as
3343:
has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should
659:
4057:
parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.
3966:
identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example
2372:). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example:
6935:
Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters
4640:
Citation for information found in a mailing list post
4016:
parameter, below; these are two different identifiers
2746:
Not required for linked documents that do not change.
2457:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
2439:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
1672:|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
1664:; enclose corporate or institutional author names in
726:"Debian Linux Distribution Release 1.1 Now Available"
6889:
Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters
4222:
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the
3023:
Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown
1525:
parameters to change how many authors are displayed.
10832:
10816:
10761:
10710:
10662:
10629:
10576:
10540:
10492:
10421:
10400:
10334:
10268:
10003:
4102:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3837:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3772:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3684:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3635:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3625:
3311:, especially useful with short-form citations like
2718:Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as
2349:, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)
747:Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
690:Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format
582:
566:
550:
534:
515:
499:
483:
467:
451:
435:
419:
403:
387:
368:
352:
336:
320:
304:
288:
272:
256:
240:
224:
205:
189:
170:
154:
138:
119:
3650:
3578:http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733
1374:: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use
7030:The date that the DOI was determined to be broken
3319:. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with
863:section near the top of this documentation page.
9742:Semantic Scholar Corpus ID (s2cid) Access Level
5424:Original date of publication; provide specifics
4274:It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link
4032:goes live; if this date is in the future, then
3307:identifies the template as a target and allows
1987:(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the
1430:: Given or first names of author; for example:
10959:Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module
4332:to help browsers properly display the script:
4278:to a link also produced by an identifier. The
4267:) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (
4036:is not linked until that date. Aliases: none.
3982:Office of Scientific and Technical Information
1991:to help browsers properly display the script:
854:COinS metadata is created for these parameters
10470:
9981:
4419:Replaces the name of the (first) author with
3861:; do not include "JFM" in the value; example
3857:Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik
2226:is required to disambiguate the link targets.
1712:: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use
614:
8:
7007:Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'
4637:
4155:
3854:
3117:will be supported by all browsers; however,
3065:Access indicators for url-holding parameters
2167:
2090:– do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
111:
6794:Name of the publisher; displays after title
5008:Sets rendered dates to the specified format
4605:in articles based on its TemplateData.
4560:); for no terminating punctuation, specify
3156:. For example, a space must be replaced by
2843:
2761:
2736:: Full date when the content pointed to by
1943:Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters
1470:and use honorifics only in accordance with
10941:pipe trick does not work inside references
10892:Editors can experiment in this template's
10477:
10463:
10455:
10413:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates
9988:
9974:
9966:
4782:Title of post, display in quotation marks.
4643:
3624:. It is checked to ensure it begins with (
2661:parameters to display access restrictions.
1801:, but not the other way around). Aliases:
1660:: comma-separated list of author names in
621:
607:
9897:
9563:
9537:
9511:
9485:
9459:
9433:
9407:
9381:
9355:
9329:
9326:
9300:
9274:
9271:
9245:
9219:
9216:
9190:
9164:
9161:
9135:
9109:
9106:
9080:
9054:
9051:
9025:
8999:
8996:
8970:
8944:
8941:
8915:
8912:
8886:
8883:
8857:
8854:
8851:
8848:
8707:
8681:
8655:
8629:
8603:
8577:
8551:
8525:
8499:
8473:
8447:
8421:
8395:
8369:
8343:
8317:
8291:
8265:
8239:
8213:
8187:
8184:
8181:
8155:
8152:
8149:
8123:
8120:
8117:
8091:
8088:
8085:
8059:
8056:
8053:
8050:
8047:
8021:
7995:
7992:
7966:
7940:
7937:
7911:
7885:
7882:
7833:
7830:
7804:
7778:
7775:
7749:
7746:
7743:
7717:
7714:
7711:
7708:
7705:
7679:
7676:
7673:
7647:
7644:
7641:
7638:
7635:
7609:
7606:
7603:
7577:
7574:
7571:
7568:
7565:
7119:
7001:
6883:
6788:
6739:
6638:
6377:
6351:
6325:
6322:
6319:
6293:
6290:
6287:
6284:
6257:
6231:
6205:
6202:
6199:
6173:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6137:
6111:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6044:
6017:
5991:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5897:
5871:
5845:
5842:
5839:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5777:
5751:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5693:
5690:
5687:
5684:
5657:
5631:
5605:
5602:
5599:
5573:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5537:
5511:
5485:
5482:
5479:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5370:
5343:
5316:
5289:
5262:
5235:
5208:
5181:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5075:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4679:
3590:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
3075:: File format of the work referred to by
3035:: File format of the work referred to by
2846:above for details about interaction with
2805:Knowledge (XXG):Using the Wayback Machine
2764:above for details about interaction with
2603:) is also defined and is different, then
2322:: Year of publication. The more flexible
2160:See the list of supported codes and names
3688:eISSNs using a non-standard format, see
3162:
3145:host-names are currently not supported.
2374:|orig-date=First published 1859
2298:in the style specified by the article's
2022:
1685:may be used for the individual names in
1297:
1270:
688:
672:Full parameter set in horizontal format
670:
10943:, so be sure to insert a full wikilink.
10932:
3841:ISSNs using a non-standard format, see
3776:ISBNs using a non-standard format, see
3242:
2872:: A control parameter to select one of
2656:
2464:
660:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4481:
4369:
4361:
4283:
4279:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4259:to manually select a specific source (
4256:
4252:
4248:
4227:
4208:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4106:SBNs using a non-standard format, see
3639:DOIs using a non-standard format, see
3384:
3380:
3348:
3340:
3301:
3276:
3248:
3246:
3009:
3005:
2997:
2976:
2968:
2964:
2954:
2950:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2924:
2920:
2907:
2903:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2829:
2727:
2723:
2676:
2409:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2353:
2327:
2323:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2245:
2234:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
1686:
1671:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1417:
1413:
1383:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1318:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
984:
979:
975:
971:
966:
962:
958:
953:
949:
945:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
831:
825:
807:metadata in the HTML output, allowing
654:
650:
110:
10738:Converting between references formats
10051:short, stand-alone, offline documents
7240:Online Computer Library Center number
6644:Series identifier; alias of 'version'
4010:. Do not include "PMC" in the value.
4006:full-text of a journal article, e.g.
3446:Amazon Standard Identification Number
2451:– as above for month day, year format
2433:– as above for month day, year format
2388:(or, if it exists in the article, by
2334:of the following conditions are met:
2164:Category:CS1 foreign language sources
2156:|language=French, Portuguese
252:short, stand-alone, offline documents
7:
7430:Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier
4650:This template has custom formatting.
4599:See a monthly parameter usage report
4468:. Do not use in a list generated by
3816:International Standard Serial Number
3663:International Standard Serial Number
2633:: Name of the content deliverer (if
2258:date; a comment for editors such as
2229:For approximate year, precede with "
2072:Help:Table § Rendering the pipe
1299:Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters
811:to retrieve bibliographic metadata.
578:web sources not covered by the above
58:This template can only be edited by
10753:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC
10692:Referencing without using templates
10687:Referencing with citation templates
4477:
3941:for looking up publications in the
3790:International Standard Music Number
3767:|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}}
3293:
3282:generates an anchor with the given
7194:Library of Congress Control Number
6697:Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation))
4893:Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation))
4608:TemplateData for Cite mailing list
4488:) to apply the mask to a specific
4455:—in this case, the value of
3895:Library of Congress Control Number
3720:International Standard Book Number
2199:Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates
1853:OR: for multiple translators, use
1761:OR: for multiple translators, use
1520:
596:Citation Style 1 wrapper templates
14:
4048:; use unique identifier; example
3105:URLs must begin with a supported
2378:|orig-date=Composed 1904
2197:For acceptable date formats, see
1517:, but not the other way around).
1462:; first name will not display if
4372:, element separator is a comma (
3430:(April 2007 – December 2014) or
2696:can be found. Cannot be used if
1668:. End with etal if appropriate:
826:|date=27 September 2007
80:
50:
19:
10743:Reference display customization
7407:Social Science Research Network
7217:Mathematical Reviews identifier
4166:For zbMATH search results like
4120:Social Science Research Network
3879:reference number; for example:
3572:id, as in the entire DOI (e.g.
2515:
2244:For no date, or "undated", use
1973:(if available) of the title in
10877:Template:Cite mailing list/doc
4840:Section within a longer source
4546:|display-authors=etal
4314:(if available) of the text in
3582:https://doi.org/10.1101/078733
3309:wikilinking to full references
2940:is preemptively archived with
2784:by registered editors. Alias:
1591:OR: for multiple authors, use
1477:OR: for multiple authors, use
1272:Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters
917:|script-contribution=
1:
10510:Biographies of living persons
4205:accept-this-as-written markup
2408:template), or as used in the
1734:accept-this-as-written markup
1422:accept-this-as-written markup
809:reference management software
653:have upper-case aliases like
10446:Citation Style 1 noticeboard
10432:Citation Style documentation
7309:PubMed Center article number
6958:biorXiv identifier; 6 digits
6073:First name of seventh editor
4863:List where the post was made
4478:<references />
3379:as applicable. For example,
3292:attribute in the citation's
3150:citation template parameters
2828:. By default (overridden by
2514:parameter for the name of a
1382:or one of its aliases (e.g.
959:|publication-place=
10862:for background information.
10748:References and page numbers
10682:Introduction to referencing
10486:Knowledge (XXG) referencing
7384:Request for Comments number
6681:Vancouver style editor list
6193:First name of eighth editor
6038:Last name of seventh editor
5713:First name of fourth editor
5473:First name of second editor
4877:Vancouver style author list
4542:|display-authors=0
4538:|display-authors=2
4052:
4011:
3727:
3385:|id={{NCJ|122967}}
3352:
3253:
3096:
3062:
3048:
2987:. Bot help is available at
2913:Accepts multiple keywords:
2844:"Automatic date formatting"
2813:
2802:
2762:"Automatic date formatting"
2711:
2654:
2472:
2284:|publication-date=
2196:
2069:
1940:
1518:
1050:|contribution-url=
980:|publication-date=
812:
637:template is used to create
10985:
10969:Citation Style 1 templates
10964:Templates generating COinS
10866:
10697:Referencing dos and don'ts
10408:Citation Style 1 templates
7346:Semantic Scholar Corpus ID
6313:First name of ninth editor
6158:Last name of eighth editor
5953:First name of sixth editor
5833:First name of fifth editor
5678:Last name of fourth editor
5593:First name of third editor
5438:Last name of second editor
4614:Template:Cite mailing list
4603:Template:Cite mailing list
4589:for this template used by
4107:
3842:
3777:
3689:
3640:
2923:omitted or empty) selects
2919:– (default condition when
2532:: For news stories with a
2183:
1288:none deprecated at present
1079:|author#-surname=
1075:|author-surname#=
860:
10926:Subpages of this template
10842:Parenthetical referencing
10677:Citations quick reference
10644:Punctuation and footnotes
10443:
9932:Names of multiple authors
6278:Last name of ninth editor
5918:Last name of sixth editor
5798:Last name of fifth editor
5558:Last name of third editor
4656:
4562:|postscript=none
4269:|title-link=none
4156:
4002:; use article number for
3618:Digital object identifier
3586:10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
3317:parenthetical referencing
3200:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3083:. (For media format, use
2830:|url-status=live
2645:is not a replacement for
2589:is shown after the title.
2268:Automatic date formatting
2058:
2012:parameter is recommended.
1917:parenthetical referencing
1904:Illustrated by John Smith
1794:requires a corresponding
1652:forms of name parameters.
1510:requires a corresponding
1071:|author-surname=
941:|script-section=
933:|script-article=
909:|script-chapter=
602:
589:Specific-source templates
10860:COinS in Knowledge (XXG)
10596:Citation Style Vancouver
7332:PubMed Unique Identifier
7113:Handle System identifier
4633:is not a valid parameter
4330:supported language codes
4265:|title-link=doi
4261:|title-link=pmc
4226:using the corresponding
3448:; if first character of
2816:Help:Using archive.today
2148:|lang=fr, pt-br
1989:supported language codes
1144:|author#-given=
1140:|author-given#=
1132:|author#-first=
1128:|author-first#=
896:|encyclopaedia=
784:—may be used instead of
760:—may be used instead of
641:for mailing list posts.
10854:This template produces
10824:Knowledge (XXG) Library
10493:Policies and guidelines
9349:Translator first name 9
9294:Translator first name 8
9239:Translator first name 7
9184:Translator first name 6
9129:Translator first name 5
9074:Translator first name 4
9019:Translator first name 3
8964:Translator first name 2
7263:Open Library identifier
6733:Location of publication
6131:Mask for seventh editor
6105:Link for seventh editor
4624:has duplicate aliases:
3426:(before April 2007) or
3381:|id=NCJ 122967
2292:|archive-date=
1644:when the lists use the
1640:displays name lists in
1136:|author-given=
1124:|author-first=
1067:|author#-last=
1063:|author-last#=
950:|script-title=
925:|script-entry=
913:|contribution=
892:|encyclopedia=
10920:Add categories to the
10762:Template documentation
10702:Citing Knowledge (XXG)
9320:Translator last name 9
9265:Translator last name 8
9210:Translator last name 7
9155:Translator last name 6
9100:Translator last name 5
9045:Translator last name 4
8990:Translator last name 3
8935:Translator last name 2
6251:Mask for eighth editor
6225:Link for eighth editor
5771:Mask for fourth editor
5745:Link for fourth editor
5531:Mask for second editor
5505:Link for second editor
3855:
3452:value is a digit, use
3377:external link template
2998:|archive-url=
2965:|archive-url=
2951:|archive-url=
2942:|archive-url=
2925:|archive-url=
2908:|archive-url=
2878:|archive-url=
2288:|access-date=
2235:|date=c. 1900
2168:
2152:|lang=Russian
1059:|author-last=
1054:|section-url=
1046:|chapter-url=
1037:|institution=
1023:|quote-pages=
479:audio or video serials
332:magazines, periodicals
150:audio and visual media
24:Template documentation
8877:Translator first name
6575:Format of the Archive
6371:Mask for ninth editor
6345:Link for ninth editor
6011:Mask for sixth editor
5985:Link for sixth editor
5891:Mask for fifth editor
5865:Link for fifth editor
5651:Mask for third editor
5625:Link for third editor
4938:Original date of post
4570:|postscript=
4566:|postscript=
4284:|title-link=
4257:|title-link=
4253:|title-link=
3424:|arxiv=hep-th/9205027
2921:|url-status=
2677:|edition=2nd
2144:|language=ru
1568:|author2=...
1384:|author=Bono
1277:Deprecated parameter
1222:|message-id=
1019:|quote-page=
954:|book-title=
900:|dictionary=
868:|periodical=
815:Knowledge (XXG):COinS
803:This template embeds
10532:Scientific citations
10505:No original research
10121:public mailing lists
9805:Department or column
9680:Bibcode access level
8842:Translator last name
6759:Place of publication
4518:display-interviewers
4506:display-contributors
4439:em spaces wide; set
4203:) support a special
4089:Standard Book Number
4071:Request for Comments
3921:Mathematical Reviews
3826:or a space; example
3734:ISBN § Overview
3730:Knowledge (XXG):ISBN
3673:or a space; example
3622:10.1038/news070508-7
2390:|cs1-dates=
2382:|orig-date=
2296:|orig-date=
1562:|first1=...
1442:Do not wikilink—use
1432:Firstname Middlename
1182:|citeseerx=
1033:|publisher=
876:|newspaper=
348:public mailing lists
284:radio or TV episodes
166:AV media liner notes
87:This template uses
10649:Shortened footnotes
10356:Cite AV media notes
10335:Audiovisual-related
10191:unpublished reports
9946:
9629:Requires DOI value.
8701:Editor first name 9
8649:Editor first name 8
8597:Editor first name 7
8545:Editor first name 6
8493:Editor first name 5
8441:Editor first name 4
8389:Editor first name 3
8337:Editor first name 2
5022:Year of publication
4653:
4646:Template parameters
4530:display-translators
4466:shortened footnotes
4431:to a numeric value
4140:corpus ID; example
3560:1974AJ.....79..819H
3300:HTML tag). Setting
3099:Using |format=
3051:Using |format=
2338:Shortened footnotes
2294:, etc.) except for
2246:|date=n.d.
2208:Shortened footnotes
2114:Accepted manuscript
1913:shortened footnotes
1746:instead. Aliases:
1716:instead. Aliases:
1687:|vauthors=
1666:doubled parentheses
1565:|last1=...
1348:|vauthors=
1300:
1273:
1111:|subject#=
1095:|surname#=
967:|location=
880:|magazine=
788:(and is ignored if
773:(and is ignored if
691:
673:
159:Cite AV media notes
116:
96:Module:Citation/CS1
10664:Help for beginners
10616:Citation templates
10568:Referencing styles
10269:Preprint templates
10170:Cite press release
10065:edited collections
9711:Jstor access level
8675:Editor last name 9
8623:Editor last name 8
8571:Editor last name 7
8519:Editor last name 6
8467:Editor last name 5
8415:Editor last name 4
8363:Editor last name 3
8311:Editor last name 2
6431:display the script
4644:
4642:
4370:|mode=cs2
4362:|mode=cs1
3610:). Aliases: none.
3592:). Aliases: none.
3349:|ref=none
3341:|ref=harv
3089:external link icon
3041:external link icon
2619:) is not defined,
2577:are defined, then
2551:The Times of India
2520:The New York Times
2412:parameter. Alias:
2330:parameter, unless
1718:translator-surname
1689:as described above
1446:instead. Aliases:
1319:|authors=
1298:
1271:
1178:|biorxiv=
1174:|bibcode=
1107:|subject=
1103:|author#=
1091:|surname=
1028:|edition=
989:|version=
937:|section=
929:|article=
905:|chapter=
888:|website=
872:|journal=
769:—may be used with
689:
671:
440:Cite press release
268:edited collections
201:books and chapters
10850:
10849:
10654:Nesting footnotes
10558:Combining sources
10452:
10451:
10233:technical reports
10163:online newsgroups
10114:Cite mailing list
10093:academic journals
10058:Cite encyclopedia
10037:conference papers
9945:
9944:
9910:979-0-9016791-7-7
9557:Translator link 9
9531:Translator link 8
9505:Translator link 7
9479:Translator link 6
9453:Translator link 5
9427:Translator link 4
9401:Translator link 3
9375:Translator link 2
9356:translator9-first
9353:translator-first9
9301:translator8-first
9298:translator-first8
9246:translator7-first
9243:translator-first7
9191:translator6-first
9188:translator-first6
9136:translator5-first
9133:translator-first5
9081:translator4-first
9078:translator-first4
9026:translator3-first
9023:translator-first3
8971:translator2-first
8968:translator-first2
8887:translator-first1
8884:translator1-first
6763:publication-place
5113:Editor first name
4669:
4638:
4597:and other tools.
4158:Zentralblatt MATH
3794:979-0-9016791-7-7
3724:978-0-8126-9593-9
3562:. Aliases: none.
3546:. Aliases: none.
3432:|arxiv=1501.00001
3373:unique identifier
3351:. Aliases: none.
3294:<cite id="
3235:
3234:
2906:when there is no
2587:publication-place
2567:publication-place
2555:publication-place
2543:publication-place
2078:
2077:
1911:Note: When using
1807:translator1-first
1767:translator-first1
1756:translator-first1
1752:translator1-first
1358:
1357:
1304:Removed parameter
1296:
1295:
1194:|eprint=
1165:|degree=
1160:|given#=
1152:|first#=
1099:|author=
1002:|number=
994:|volume=
985:|series=
705:
704:
687:
686:
631:
630:
546:technical reports
415:online newsgroups
341:Cite mailing list
316:academic journals
261:Cite encyclopedia
236:conference papers
109:
108:
75:
74:
68:cascade-protected
66:onto one or more
10976:
10944:
10937:
10917:
10906:
10890:
10809:
10803:
10798:
10792:
10787:
10781:
10776:
10770:
10718:Cite link labels
10631:Inline citations
10621:Reflist template
10591:Citation Style 2
10586:Citation Style 1
10515:Reliable sources
10479:
10472:
10465:
10456:
10436:
10430:
10393:
10387:
10382:
10376:
10371:
10365:
10360:
10354:
10349:
10343:
10327:
10321:
10316:
10310:
10305:
10299:
10294:
10288:
10283:
10277:
10258:
10252:
10244:
10238:
10230:
10226:Cite tech report
10224:
10216:
10210:
10202:
10196:
10188:
10182:
10174:
10168:
10160:
10154:
10146:
10140:
10132:
10126:
10118:
10112:
10104:
10098:
10090:
10084:
10076:
10070:
10062:
10056:
10048:
10042:
10034:
10028:
10020:
10014:
9997:Citation Style 1
9990:
9983:
9976:
9967:
9962:
9956:
9928:
9899:
9896:
9878:
9873:Suggested values
9865:
9860:HDL access level
9841:
9838:
9833:Suggested values
9824:
9801:
9778:
9760:
9755:Suggested values
9747:
9729:
9716:
9698:
9693:Suggested values
9685:
9656:
9638:
9633:Suggested values
9625:
9620:DOI access level
9607:
9604:
9601:
9596:Suggested values
9588:
9583:URL access level
9565:
9564:translator9-link
9562:
9561:translator-link9
9539:
9538:translator8-link
9536:
9535:translator-link8
9513:
9512:translator7-link
9510:
9509:translator-link7
9487:
9486:translator6-link
9484:
9483:translator-link6
9461:
9460:translator5-link
9458:
9457:translator-link5
9435:
9434:translator4-link
9432:
9431:translator-link4
9409:
9408:translator3-link
9406:
9405:translator-link3
9383:
9382:translator2-link
9380:
9379:translator-link2
9357:
9354:
9331:
9330:translator9-last
9328:
9325:
9324:translator-last9
9302:
9299:
9276:
9275:translator8-last
9273:
9270:
9269:translator-last8
9247:
9244:
9221:
9220:translator7-last
9218:
9215:
9214:translator-last7
9192:
9189:
9166:
9165:translator6-last
9163:
9160:
9159:translator-last6
9137:
9134:
9111:
9110:translator5-last
9108:
9105:
9104:translator-last5
9082:
9079:
9056:
9055:translator4-last
9053:
9050:
9049:translator-last4
9027:
9024:
9001:
9000:translator3-last
8998:
8995:
8994:translator-last3
8972:
8969:
8946:
8945:translator2-last
8943:
8940:
8939:translator-last2
8917:
8916:translator1-link
8914:
8913:translator-link1
8911:
8888:
8885:
8882:
8881:translator-first
8859:
8858:translator1-last
8856:
8853:
8852:translator-last1
8850:
8847:
8824:
8801:
8778:
8755:
8732:
8709:
8706:
8683:
8680:
8657:
8654:
8631:
8628:
8605:
8602:
8579:
8576:
8553:
8550:
8527:
8524:
8501:
8498:
8475:
8472:
8449:
8446:
8423:
8420:
8397:
8394:
8371:
8368:
8345:
8342:
8319:
8316:
8293:
8290:
8267:
8264:
8241:
8238:
8215:
8212:
8189:
8186:
8183:
8180:
8157:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8125:
8122:
8119:
8116:
8093:
8090:
8087:
8084:
8061:
8058:
8055:
8052:
8049:
8046:
8023:
8020:
7997:
7994:
7991:
7968:
7965:
7942:
7939:
7936:
7913:
7910:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7858:
7835:
7832:
7829:
7806:
7803:
7780:
7777:
7774:
7751:
7748:
7745:
7742:
7719:
7716:
7713:
7710:
7707:
7704:
7681:
7678:
7675:
7672:
7649:
7646:
7643:
7640:
7637:
7634:
7611:
7608:
7605:
7602:
7579:
7576:
7573:
7570:
7567:
7564:
7541:
7518:
7495:
7472:
7449:
7426:
7403:
7380:
7351:
7328:
7305:
7282:
7259:
7236:
7213:
7190:
7171:JSTOR identifier
7167:
7144:
7121:
7118:
7095:
7072:
7049:
7026:
7003:
7000:
6977:
6954:
6931:
6908:
6885:
6882:
6859:
6854:arXiv identifier
6836:
6813:
6790:
6787:
6764:
6741:
6738:
6715:
6686:
6663:
6640:
6637:
6619:
6616:
6613:
6610:
6607:
6602:Suggested values
6594:
6571:
6548:
6525:
6502:
6479:
6456:
6426:
6403:
6398:Translated title
6379:
6376:
6353:
6350:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6318:
6295:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6259:
6256:
6233:
6230:
6207:
6204:
6201:
6198:
6175:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6163:
6139:
6136:
6113:
6110:
6087:
6084:
6081:
6078:
6055:
6052:
6049:
6046:
6043:
6019:
6016:
5993:
5990:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5926:
5923:
5899:
5896:
5873:
5870:
5847:
5844:
5841:
5838:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5779:
5776:
5753:
5750:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5686:
5683:
5659:
5656:
5633:
5630:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5575:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5563:
5539:
5536:
5513:
5510:
5487:
5484:
5481:
5478:
5455:
5452:
5449:
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5443:
5420:
5396:
5372:
5369:
5345:
5342:
5318:
5315:
5291:
5288:
5264:
5261:
5237:
5234:
5210:
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5183:
5180:
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5130:
5127:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5095:
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4435:to set the dash
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4306:is defined, use
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2782:hidden or styled
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1965:is defined, use
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1866:translator1-link
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4352:Display options
4335:
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4216:
4213:>=((<
4212:
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4172:|jfm=35.0387.02
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3766:
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3647:doi-broken-date
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730:debian-announce
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10541:General advice
10538:
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9819:Citation Style
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6570:archive-format
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6566:Archive Format
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5079:editor-surname
5070:
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4591:TemplateWizard
4584:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4577:
4572:is ignored if
4551:
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4282:parameter (or
4280:|url=
4249:|url=
4229:
4214:
4210:
4201:|sbn=
4185:|doi=
4180:
4179:
4168:JFM 35.0387.02
4149:
4131:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4082:
4064:
4050:|pmid=17322060
4039:
4038:
4037:
4000:PubMed Central
3993:
3975:
3957:
3932:
3914:
3899:|lccn=79-57364
3888:
3881:|jstor=3793107
3870:
3848:
3847:
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3809:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3770:
3746:
3713:
3695:
3694:
3693:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3644:
3611:
3604:10.1.1.176.341
3593:
3574:10.1101/078733
3563:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3439:
3397:
3396:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3303:
3302:|ref=
3295:
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3268:
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3233:
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3033:archive-format
3030:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3016:
3010:|url=
3006:|url=
2991:
2977:|url=
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2789:
2702:#ixzz2rBr3aO94
2685:
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2668:
2665:
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2248:
2239:
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2233:", like this:
2227:
2204:
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2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2130:
2129:
2094:
2093:
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2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2021:
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2016:
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6323:editor9-first
6320:editor-given9
6317:editor-first9
6315:
6312:
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6307:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6297:
6280:
6277:
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6219:
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6203:editor8-first
6200:editor-given8
6197:editor-first8
6195:
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6119:
6118:
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6107:
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6086:editor7-given
6083:editor7-first
6080:editor-given7
6077:editor-first7
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6013:
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5999:
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5987:
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5979:
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5966:editor6-given
5963:editor6-first
5960:editor-given6
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5955:
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5947:
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5846:editor5-given
5843:editor5-first
5840:editor-given5
5837:editor-first5
5835:
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5797:
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5773:
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5726:editor4-given
5723:editor4-first
5720:editor-given4
5717:editor-first4
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5680:
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5600:editor-given3
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5489:
5486:editor2-given
5483:editor2-first
5480:editor-given2
5477:editor-first2
5475:
5472:
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5467:
5464:
5461:
5460:
5457:
5440:
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5415:Original date
5414:
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5409:
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5393:
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5364:Author mask 9
5363:
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5337:Author mask 8
5336:
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5309:
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5282:
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5229:Author mask 4
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5175:Author mask 2
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5142:
5139:
5138:
5135:
5132:editor1-given
5129:editor1-first
5126:editor-given1
5120:editor-first1
5115:
5112:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5097:
5071:
5068:
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5063:
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4923:
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4917:
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4913:
4910:collaboration
4908:
4906:Collaboration
4905:
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4900:
4897:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4884:
4879:
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4780:
4775:
4772:
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4754:author1-first
4751:author-first1
4734:
4731:
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4723:
4720:
4719:
4716:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4665:
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4659:
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4647:
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4629:
4626:|author-last=
4620:
4619:
4617:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4588:
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4528:
4525:
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4516:
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4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4473:
4467:
4462:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4423:or text. Set
4422:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4385:
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4379:
4359:
4356:
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4344:
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4334:
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4327:
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4320:
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4309:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4277:
4272:
4243:
4235:
4225:
4224:access status
4220:
4206:
4177:
4159:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4124:|ssrn=1900856
4121:
4117:
4114:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4062:
4056:
4053:See also the
4047:
4043:
4040:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4015:
4012:See also the
4005:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3986:|osti=4367507
3983:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3950:|oclc=9355469
3947:
3946:union catalog
3944:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3896:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3859:
3858:
3852:
3849:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3825:
3822:, but not an
3821:
3817:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3791:
3787:
3784:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3761:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3744:
3742:
3735:
3731:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3703:
3702:Handle System
3699:
3696:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3672:
3669:, but not an
3668:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3628:). Aliases:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3583:
3579:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3394:
3390:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3346:
3335:
3325:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3257:
3256:MOS:DATEUNIFY
3249:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3164:
3161:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3144:
3108:
3100:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3066:
3060:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3015:
3003:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2974:
2959:
2945:
2928:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2902:to mark dead
2899:
2893:
2888:
2887:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2858:use mdy dates
2851:
2850:use dmy dates
2845:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2812:
2811:archive.today
2806:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2776:use mdy dates
2769:
2768:use dmy dates
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2748:For example,
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2721:
2715:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2476:
2475:MOS:DATEUNIFY
2468:
2465:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2405:
2404:use mdy dates
2397:
2396:use dmy dates
2386:|df=
2371:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2351:
2348:
2347:disambiguator
2344:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2311:
2310:use mdy dates
2303:
2302:use dmy dates
2277:
2273:
2266:
2265:
2262:can be added.
2249:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2122:Press release
2099:
2096:
2095:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2063:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2011:
2008:. Use of the
2007:
2003:
2000:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1882:collaboration
1880:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1852:
1849:
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1841:
1838:
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1828:
1824:
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1738:
1737:
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1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1699:: deprecated
1698:
1693:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1643:
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1605:
1601:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1583:
1579:
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1572:
1559:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:Replace with
1279:
1276:
1275:
1266:
1264:
1226:|mr=
1168:
1163:
1122:
1057:
1040:
1031:
1026:
1015:|at=
1005:
992:
983:
970:
957:
944:
903:
866:
865:
864:
862:
853:
851:
822:
821:
820:
816:
810:
806:
798:
797:
791:
787:
783:
779:
776:
772:
768:
765:
764:
763:
759:
755:
753:
750:
749:
748:
742:
737:
731:
727:
723:
722:Perens, Bruce
719:
718:
712:
711:
707:
696:
695:
694:
693:
678:
677:
676:
675:
669:
666:
663:
644:
642:
640:
636:
624:
619:
617:
612:
610:
605:
604:
601:
598:
597:
591:
590:
585:
581:
577:
572:
565:
561:
556:
549:
545:
540:
533:
529:
526:
521:
514:
510:
505:
498:
494:
489:
482:
478:
473:
466:
462:
457:
450:
446:
441:
434:
430:
425:
418:
414:
409:
402:
399:news articles
398:
393:
386:
382:
379:
374:
367:
363:
358:
351:
347:
342:
335:
331:
326:
325:Cite magazine
319:
315:
310:
303:
299:
294:
287:
283:
278:
271:
267:
262:
255:
251:
246:
245:Cite document
239:
235:
230:
223:
219:
216:
211:
204:
200:
195:
188:
184:
181:
176:
169:
165:
160:
153:
149:
144:
143:Cite AV media
137:
133:
130:
125:
118:
114:
101:
97:
94:
93:
90:
86:
79:
78:
69:
65:
61:
56:
49:
48:
42:
38:
34:
30:
10935:
10853:
10852:
10808:}}
10802:{{
10797:}}
10791:{{
10786:}}
10780:{{
10775:}}
10769:{{
10553:Find sources
10435:}}
10429:{{
10392:}}
10386:{{
10381:}}
10378:Cite podcast
10375:{{
10370:}}
10367:Cite episode
10364:{{
10359:}}
10353:{{
10348:}}
10342:{{
10326:}}
10320:{{
10315:}}
10312:Cite medRxiv
10309:{{
10304:}}
10298:{{
10293:}}
10290:Cite bioRxiv
10287:{{
10282:}}
10276:{{
10257:}}
10251:{{
10243:}}
10237:{{
10229:}}
10223:{{
10215:}}
10209:{{
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10195:{{
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10181:{{
10173:}}
10167:{{
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10153:{{
10145:}}
10139:{{
10131:}}
10125:{{
10117:}}
10113:
10111:{{
10103:}}
10097:{{
10089:}}
10086:Cite journal
10083:{{
10075:}}
10069:{{
10061:}}
10055:{{
10047:}}
10041:{{
10033:}}
10027:{{
10019:}}
10013:{{
9961:}}
9955:{{
9931:
9902:
9868:
9827:
9804:
9781:
9750:
9746:s2cid-access
9719:
9715:jstor-access
9688:
9659:
9628:
9606:subscription
9600:registration
9591:
9568:
9542:
9516:
9490:
9464:
9438:
9412:
9386:
9360:
9334:
9305:
9279:
9250:
9224:
9195:
9169:
9140:
9114:
9085:
9059:
9030:
9004:
8975:
8949:
8920:
8891:
8862:
8827:
8823:editor4-link
8819:editor4-link
8804:
8800:editor3-link
8796:editor3-link
8781:
8777:editor2-link
8773:editor2-link
8758:
8754:editor1-link
8750:editor1-link
8735:
8712:
8686:
8679:editor9-last
8660:
8634:
8627:editor8-last
8608:
8582:
8575:editor7-last
8556:
8530:
8523:editor6-last
8504:
8478:
8471:editor5-last
8452:
8426:
8419:editor4-last
8400:
8374:
8367:editor3-last
8348:
8322:
8315:editor2-last
8296:
8292:author9-link
8289:author-link9
8270:
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