731:
841:
22:
78:
507:
50:
823:
258:
583:
42:
754:
591:
857:
3305:
472:
878:
816:, many stores immediately remove decorations the day after Christmas, as some think of the holiday season as being over once Christmas has passed. A vast majority of Americans who put up home decorations keep them out and lit until at least New Year's Day, and inside decorations can often be seen in windows for several weeks afterward.
808:
has been kept alight since
Christmas Day, it is put out, and the ashes are kept to be included in the fire on the following Christmas Day. A superstition exists which suggests that if decorations are kept up after Twelfth Night, they must be kept up until the following Twelfth Night, but also that if
462:
Positive and negative molds were set into a press. A moistened sheet of card was put into the press. The images were pressed. When they had dried, they were sent to cottage workers for the finishing touches. This involved separating the form-halves from the card, trimming ragged edges, and gluing the
421:
A clear glass tube is heated over an open flame. It is then inserted into a mold. The glassblower then blows into the end of the tube. The glass expands to fill the mold. The glass takes on the shape of the mold. It is cooled. A silver nitrate solution is swirled about inside the ornament. This gives
1253:
Christmas is the occasional of family reunions. Grandmother always has the place of honor. As the time approaches for enjoying the tree, she gathers her grandchildren about her, to tell them the story of the Christ child, with the meaning of the Christ child, with the meaning of the
Christmas tree;
438:
Assembling these decorations was a cottage industry. Cotton batting was wound around a wire frame resembling a human or animal. A face was painted, or a lithograph cut-out was affixed to the batting. Figures were given crepe paper costumes. Some were touched with glue and sprinkled with mica flakes
430:
Cotton batting
Christmas ornaments were popular during the German Christmas toy and decoration boom at the turn of the century. They were exported in large numbers to the United States. These decorations suggested puffs of snow. Fruits and vegetables were popular subjects and often had a realistic
1333:
His biographer, Eddius
Stephanus, relates that while Boniface was serving as a missionary near Geismar, Germany, he had enough of the locals' reverence for the old gods. Taking an axe to an oak tree dedicated to Norse god Thor, Boniface chopped the tree down and dared Thor to zap him for it. When
1113:
The
Christmas tree as we know it seemed to emerge in Lutheran lands in Germany in the sixteenth century. Although no specific city or town has been identified as the first to have a Christmas tree, records for the Cathedral of Strassburg indicate that a Christmas tree was set up in that church in
573:
about when and how to remove
Christmas decorations. For example, in some parts of England, people believed that if Christmas greenery were thrown away instead of being burned, a ghost would appear, but in other parts, they believed that if the greenery were burned instead of being thrown away, a
61:
765:, the evening of January 5 or January 6. The difference in this date is that some count Christmas Day as the first day of Christmas, whereas for others, Christmas Day is a feast day in its own right, and the first full day of the Christmas Season is December 26. In
1192:
Many
Lutherans continued to set up a small fir tree as their Christmas tree, and it must have been a seasonal sight in Bach's Leipzig at a time when it was virtually unknown in England, and little known in those farmlands of North America where Lutheran immigrants
394:
in the latter half of the 19th century. The town had long produced fine glassware. The production of
Christmas ornaments became a family affair for many people. Some families invested 16 hours a day in production. For some, it was their sole source of income.
1334:
nothing happened, Boniface pointed out a young fir tree amid the roots of the oak and explained how this tree was a more fitting object of reverence as it pointed towards the
Christian heaven and its triangular shape was reminiscent of the Christian trinity.
730:
555:. A bow is usually used at the top or bottom, and an electric or unlit candle may be placed in the middle. Christmas lights are often used, and they may be hung from doors or windows, and sometimes walls, lampposts, light fixtures, or even statuary.
840:
412:
For the
American market, figures depicting comic book characters and patriotic subjects such as Uncle Sams, eagles, and flags were blown. Glassblowers have held on to the old molds. Glass ornaments are still created from these old molds.
1050:
According to the tradition of the 12 days of Christmas (explained above), January 6 is the earliest you should be taking down your Christmas tree. According to the legend, bad luck will befall those who stop the Christmas cheer any
345:. However, the English-language phrase "Christmas tree" is first recorded in 1835 and represents an importation from the German language. From Germany the custom was introduced to England via two German-born royal consorts,
1286:
The same ambiguity is seen in that most familiar of angels, the angel on top of the Christmas tree. This decoration, popularized in the nineteenth century, recalls the place of the angels in the Christmas story (Luke
459:. They were originally priced between 1 and 60 cents. Subjects included animals and birds, suns and moons, humans, carriages and ships, etc. Some Dresdens were flat, allowing the buyer to collect them in scrapbooks.
940:
Advent – The four weeks before Christmas are celebrated by counting down the days with an advent calendar, hanging up Christmas decorations and lightning an additional candle every Sunday on the four-candle advent
64:
68:
67:
63:
62:
69:
699:
is prevalent, and people are encouraged to compete and create the most original or realistic ones. Within some families, the pieces used to make the representation are considered a valuable family
722:
would creep in through the chimney and slip gold into stockings hanging by the fireplace. Various forms of stockings are available, from simple velvet ones to sock-shaped bags to animated ones.
1254:
how the evergreen is meant to represent the life everlasting, the candle lights to recall the light of the world, and the star at the top of the tree is to remind them of the star of Bethlehem.
1227:
The eight-pointed star became a popular manufactured Christmas ornament around the 1840s and many people place a star on the top of their Christmas tree to represent the Star of Bethlehem.
361:
was republished in the United States. As the first widely circulated picture of a decorated Christmas tree in America, the custom there spread. Christmas trees may be decorated with
66:
2556:
463:
two halves together. The form was then gilded, silvered, or hand-painted. Sometimes, a small gift or sweet was put into the form. Forms were usually no larger than five inches.
2551:
788:
In England, it was customary to burn the decorations in the hearth. However, this tradition has fallen out of favour as reusable and imperishable decorations made of
750:. Major retailers put their seasonal decorations out for sale after back-to-school sales, while smaller niche Christmas Stores sell Christmas decorations year round.
301:
writes that in the 19th century, it became popular for people also to use an angel to top the Christmas tree to symbolize the angels mentioned in the accounts of the
1519:
2507:
398:
Sometimes, competitions were held. Prizes were awarded to the family, producing the finest examples. Santa Clauses, angels, birds, animals, and other traditional
409:, Germany, in the 1890s. He sold them in his "five and ten cent" stores in America. The ornaments were said to have contributed to Woolworth's business success.
192:. Taking down Christmas decorations before Twelfth Night, as well as leaving the decorations up beyond Candlemas, is historically considered to be inauspicious.
2893:
2254:
1456:
2152:
1983:
65:
54:
822:
746:. In the UK, Christmas lights on the high street are generally switched on in November. In the US, the traditional start of the holiday season is
2487:
1485:
2882:
2689:
1017:
962:
362:
2763:
2492:
2207:
1552:
431:
appearance. African-American and patriotic characters were fashioned for the American market. Some ornaments were used to hide boxes of
809:
the decorations for the current Christmas are taken down before the New Year begins, bad luck shall befall the house for a whole year.
2561:
2350:
1921:
1747:
1177:
2823:
1393:
1311:
1279:
1220:
1185:
1153:
1106:
933:
2738:
994:
Any Christmas decorations not taken down by Twelfth Night (January 5th) should be left up until Candlemas Day and then taken down.
2963:
2758:
2653:
3331:
2667:
2050:
1829:
1388:
Shoemaker, Alfred Lewis. (1959) Christmas in Pennsylvania: a folk-cultural study. Edition 40. p.52,53. Stackpole Books 1999.
2588:
2375:
2370:
1884:
1675:
1516:
1076:
847:
21:
1363:
2743:
2447:
1993:
609:, Australia, and Europe, it is traditional to decorate the outside of houses with lights and sometimes with illuminated
422:
the ornament a silver glow. The outside of the ornament is painted or decorated with metal trims, paper clippings, etc.
269:
was first used by German Lutherans in the 16th century, with records indicating that a Christmas tree was placed in the
77:
447:
Dresdens are three-dimensional ornaments. They are made of paper, card, or cardboard. Dresdens were produced mostly in
49:
969:
Another popular activity is the "Hanging of the Greens," a service in which the sanctuary is decorated for Christmas.
742:
Christmas decorations are typically put up in late November or early December, usually to coincide with the start of
617:, and other Christmas figures. Municipalities often sponsor decorations as well. Christmas banners may be hung from
1655:
506:
503:
foliage. These often come with small ornaments tied to the delicate branches and sometimes with a small light set.
1160:
German Lutherans brought the decorated Christmas tree with them; the Moravians put lighted candles on those trees.
637:, rolls of brightly colored paper with secular or religious Christmas/winter/Hanukkah motifs are manufactured for
2899:
2888:
2808:
2660:
2581:
2400:
2157:
2045:
1759:
1720:
981:
653:
142:
1505:
BBC – London's Oxford Street and Regent Street Christmas lights have been switched on at precisely the same time
2915:
2701:
2623:
2541:
2534:
2437:
2320:
1742:
1574:
856:
2040:
176:
ceremony. In the Western Christian world, the two traditional days when Christmas decorations are removed are
2863:
2848:
2783:
2733:
2728:
2637:
2618:
2502:
2222:
1771:
1545:
1271:
762:
189:
177:
2793:
2417:
2360:
1905:
1609:
350:
118:
2695:
2467:
2365:
2112:
1715:
1648:
338:
286:
173:
114:
1482:
1063:/ FR / cadre_repertoire / social / Reflexion / Noel / noel_origines.html The millennial cult of the sun
257:
2878:
2833:
2482:
2457:
2422:
2412:
2407:
2385:
2172:
2097:
2072:
1328:
778:
496:
274:
270:
582:
281:. In the United States, these "German Lutherans brought the decorated Christmas tree with them; the
2853:
2828:
2768:
2674:
2640:
2608:
2497:
2477:
2472:
2462:
2452:
2442:
2432:
2390:
2380:
1864:
1680:
1303:
883:
828:
383:
366:
753:
41:
3308:
2813:
2427:
2310:
2249:
2244:
2227:
2187:
1695:
1602:
1538:
669:
595:
548:
1041:
1212:
1206:
1132:
The Christmas tree became a widespread custom among German Lutherans by the eighteenth century.
2968:
2958:
2818:
2723:
2629:
2574:
2271:
2137:
2117:
2030:
1839:
1766:
1737:
1725:
1588:
1389:
1307:
1275:
1240:
1216:
1181:
1149:
1102:
1013:
1007:
958:
929:
898:
747:
649:
645:
525:
322:
302:
298:
290:
165:
130:
648:
has also become a tradition in many homes this season. Other traditional decorations include
3141:
2999:
2928:
2873:
2858:
2643:
2330:
2300:
2202:
2192:
2127:
1943:
1844:
862:
122:
34:
2938:
495:
and Christmas trees. The interior of a home may be decorated with these plants, along with
3256:
3136:
3094:
3074:
3059:
2778:
2773:
2753:
2546:
2529:
2519:
2305:
2237:
2197:
2132:
2082:
2015:
1700:
1523:
1489:
1080:
902:
782:
718:
Among the most popular items of Christmas decorations are stockings. According to legend,
346:
310:
305:. In discussions of folklore, some claim that the Christmas tree is a Christianization of
282:
106:
1973:
1869:
289:
the Christmas tree, many individuals place a star at the top of the tree symbolizing the
1504:
777:
bring gifts that night. Therefore, decorations are left up longer. The same is true in
590:
3187:
3049:
2994:
2868:
2798:
2748:
2595:
2315:
2283:
2277:
2167:
2107:
1948:
1916:
1854:
1824:
1754:
832:
774:
696:
510:
358:
354:
326:
266:
246:
138:
94:
30:
1074:
Cafe-discoveries / Sons / Le-Pere-Noel-est-il-une-junk-350601 / Is Santa Claus a junk?
3325:
3251:
3172:
3110:
2217:
2212:
2092:
2087:
2010:
1732:
1690:
1643:
1595:
813:
770:
685:
634:
606:
602:
570:
252:
220:
169:
157:
146:
134:
90:
26:
471:
329:(634–709), who was a missionary in Germany, took an axe to an oak tree dedicated to
3246:
3194:
3029:
2788:
2288:
2162:
1819:
1710:
1670:
1616:
708:
618:
318:
278:
234:
185:
3276:
2953:
2948:
1346:
405:
F.W. Woolworth discovered these glass ornaments on a toy and doll-buying trip to
3286:
3261:
3182:
3162:
3157:
3131:
3084:
3064:
3014:
2395:
2182:
2122:
2102:
2062:
2057:
1978:
1928:
1009:
The Old Magic of Christmas: Yuletide Traditions for the Darkest Days of the Year
735:
719:
704:
677:
661:
622:
552:
126:
1073:
337:, which he stated was a more fitting object of reverence because it pointed to
200:
Christmas decorations are mentioned in ancient descriptions of the Roman feast
105:), snow white, and heart red. Gold and silver are also prevalent, as are other
3024:
2989:
2838:
2325:
2266:
2232:
2025:
2005:
1958:
1953:
1849:
1814:
1804:
1581:
1367:
873:
559:
406:
230:
201:
110:
3266:
3054:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3009:
2335:
1968:
1963:
1938:
1894:
1834:
1685:
1561:
877:
533:
500:
488:
476:
314:
181:
102:
3089:
2261:
3280:
3271:
3225:
3069:
2943:
2843:
2340:
2294:
2035:
1889:
1874:
1809:
1794:
1783:
1084:
805:
789:
766:
700:
638:
540:
399:
334:
3215:
3210:
3115:
3079:
3004:
2973:
2020:
1859:
1799:
1665:
1457:"Good luck or bad? How Christmas decorating traditions vary in England"
673:
665:
657:
614:
544:
521:
452:
448:
391:
387:
342:
156:, people start to set up their Advent and Christmas decorations on the
761:
In some places, Christmas decorations are traditionally taken down on
3220:
3177:
3167:
2803:
2681:
2177:
2147:
1933:
1879:
1660:
743:
712:
681:
563:
536:
517:
216:
161:
153:
1062:
3019:
1705:
801:
797:
752:
729:
589:
529:
484:
470:
432:
306:
208:
76:
59:
48:
40:
20:
3241:
2905:
1623:
793:
689:
641:
610:
330:
224:
212:
98:
1534:
341:; it had a triangular shape, which he said was symbolic of the
204:, which was believed to have originated in the 5th century BC.
1045:
734:
Santa Claus figurines and other Christmas decorations sold in
492:
456:
1530:
953:
Rice, Howard L.; Huffstutler, James C. (January 1, 2001).
738:, Philippines ahead of the "ber" months on August 31, 2022
25:
On Christmas Day, the Christ Candle in the center of the
1042:"It's Bad Luck To Take Your Tree Down Before January 6"
73:
An animated Christmas angel from the late 20th century.
1483:"Christmas lights and community building in America,"
237:
decorated their homes with greenery, a pagan symbol.
569:
Different places also have different traditions and
227:, which was held around the same date as Christmas.
207:
The tradition of decorating a tree is old since the
3234:
3203:
3150:
3124:
3103:
2982:
2927:
2914:
2712:
2607:
2518:
2349:
2071:
1992:
1903:
1780:
1634:
109:. Typical images on Christmas decorations include
1364:"The Chronological History of the Christmas Tree"
233:complained to the 2nd century that Christians in
89:is any of several types of ornamentation used at
219:of life at the time of the winter solstice. The
81:Christmas decorations in a private home, Europe.
781:which often observe Christmas according to the
1546:
8:
957:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 197.
180:and if they are not taken down on that day,
16:Decorations used during the Christmas period
1114:1539 during Martin Bucer's superintendency.
695:In many countries, a representation of the
539:may be used in the same wreath, along with
2924:
1553:
1539:
1531:
285:put lighted candles on those trees." When
97:. The traditional colors of Christmas are
55:The church in Weissenbach an der Triesting
321:; according to eighth-century biographer
297:in 1897. Professor David Albert Jones of
1366:. The Christmas Archives. Archived from
1266:Jones, David Albert (October 27, 2011).
581:
505:
256:
1211:. James Lorimer & Company. p.
1012:. Llewellyn Publications. p. 161.
890:
818:
1403:
1401:
1172:Blainey, Geoffrey (October 24, 2013).
926:Germany Green Guide Michelin 2012–2013
769:and other cultures, this is more like
532:. Several types of evergreen or even
2883:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
1451:
1449:
1323:Fritz Allhoff, Scott C. Lowe (2010).
1251:. E.L. Kellogg & Company: 697–8.
785:, thus making it fall 13 days later.
688:are made specifically for simulating
566:, has been associated with Christmas
309:tradition and ritual surrounding the
273:in 1539, under the leadership of the
7:
1205:Mandryk, DeeAnn (October 25, 2005).
1040:McGregor, Kate (November 30, 2023).
1178:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
1006:Raedisch, Linda (October 1, 2013).
594:Christmas decoration of a house in
513:, traditional Christmas decoration.
317:boughs, and an adaptation of pagan
149:are popular Christmas decorations.
984:. British Broadcasting Corporation
707:also perform a live Nativity with
621:and Christmas trees placed in the
558:Since the nineteenth century, the
14:
1099:Introduction to Christian Liturgy
520:are made from real or artificial
483:Popular Christmas plants include
353:. The influential 1840s image of
53:Christmas decoration in front of
3304:
3303:
2759:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
2654:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
1148:. Liturgical Press. p. 94.
876:
855:
839:
821:
386:originated in the small town of
1174:A Short History of Christianity
1101:. Fortress Press. p. 118.
586:A house decorated for Christmas
261:A Christmas tree inside a home.
184:, the latter of which ends the
2739:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
2668:Christmas Day in the Workhouse
2051:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
1830:Legend of the Christmas Spider
45:Christmas decorations, Germany
1:
2690:Christmas television specials
2589:The New Oxford Book of Carols
1676:Annunciation to the shepherds
1443:Smith and Smith (1993), p. 56
1208:Canadian Christmas Traditions
924:Michelin (October 10, 2012).
848:Indooroopilly Shopping Centre
846:Christmas decorations at the
524:branches, or sometimes other
455:, Germany, from the 1860s to
439:for a glittering appearance.
29:is traditionally lit in many
2744:Christmas and holiday season
1351:Online Etymology Dictionary,
313:, which included the use of
899:"The Putz and Illumination"
152:In many countries, such as
3348:
1656:Adoration of the Shepherds
1522:September 5, 2015, at the
1241:"Christmas in Other Lands"
804:became more popular. If a
757:A Christmas tree ornament.
250:
244:
3299:
2900:WWE Tribute to the Troops
2661:A Visit from St. Nicholas
2582:The Oxford Book of Carols
2158:Feast of the Seven Fishes
1721:Massacre of the Innocents
1570:
1488:October 26, 2006, at the
1144:Kelly, Joseph F. (2010).
692:under a tree or village.
574:family member would die.
402:subjects were favorites.
186:Christmas-Epiphany season
2702:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
1517:Twelfth Night Traditions
1300:When Santa was a shaman.
928:. Michelin. p. 73.
2864:Small Business Saturday
2734:Black Friday (shopping)
2729:Black Friday (partying)
2223:Nine Lessons and Carols
2153:Events and celebrations
1434:Merck (1992), pp. 54–63
1425:Merck (1992), pp. 65-69
1272:Oxford University Press
1239:Wells, Dorothy (1897).
1097:Senn, Frank C. (2012).
271:Cathedral of Strassburg
168:, this is done in some
2508:Post-War United States
1304:Llewellyn Publications
1298:van Renterghem, Tony.
1146:The Feast of Christmas
1126:"The Christmas Tree".
758:
739:
598:
587:
562:, a native plant from
514:
480:
262:
82:
74:
57:
46:
38:
3332:Christmas decorations
2557:Hit singles in the US
2552:Hit singles in the UK
2113:Carols by Candlelight
2041:Santa Claus' daughter
1649:Adoration of the Magi
1329:John Wiley & Sons
1079:June 1, 2013, at the
756:
733:
593:
585:
509:
474:
293:, a fact recorded by
260:
251:Further information:
223:did the same for the
174:Hanging of the Greens
80:
72:
52:
44:
24:
2849:Santa's Candy Castle
2173:Google Santa Tracker
1370:on December 21, 2007
373:Types of decorations
211:already decorated a
87:Christmas decoration
2854:Santa Claus Village
2769:Christmas Mountains
2675:Journey of the Magi
1681:Baptism of the Lord
1416:Merck (1992), p. 41
1407:Merck (1992), p. 43
1087:, December 24, 2010
905:. November 19, 2018
884:Christianity portal
829:Christmas ornaments
549:Christmas ornaments
384:Christmas ornaments
359:decorated evergreen
275:Protestant Reformer
2964:Twelve-dish supper
2814:Jews and Christmas
2764:Christmas Lectures
2493:American Civil War
2228:NORAD Tracks Santa
1604:Saint Nicholas Day
1463:. December 2, 2022
1245:The School Journal
1128:Lutheran Spokesman
759:
740:
646:Christmas villages
599:
596:Dublin, California
588:
515:
481:
333:and pointed out a
295:The School Journal
263:
83:
75:
58:
47:
39:
3319:
3318:
3295:
3294:
2959:Thirteen desserts
2879:Virginia O'Hanlon
2724:Advent Conspiracy
2638:Films (Christmas,
2630:A Christmas Carol
2575:Carols for Choirs
2118:Cavalcade of Magi
2098:Boar's Head Feast
1767:Star of Bethlehem
1738:Nativity of Jesus
1726:flight into Egypt
1611:St. Stephen's Day
1345:Harper, Douglas,
1019:978-0-7387-3450-7
964:978-0-664-50147-1
850:, Australia, 2020
644:. The display of
303:Nativity of Jesus
299:Oxford University
291:Star of Bethlehem
131:star of Bethlehem
70:
35:Christmas dinners
3339:
3311:
3307:
3306:
3142:Redcurrant sauce
2931:
2925:
2920:
2894:Winter festivals
2644:Christmas horror
2611:
2522:
2353:
2208:Meals and feasts
2128:Christmas jumper
2075:
2046:Santa's reindeer
1998:
1944:Father Christmas
1908:
1865:Santa's workshop
1786:
1748:in later culture
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1564:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1532:
1526:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1453:
1444:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1396:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1354:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1320:
1314:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1094:
1088:
1071:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1003:
997:
996:
991:
989:
978:
972:
971:
955:Reformed Worship
950:
944:
943:
921:
915:
914:
912:
910:
895:
886:
881:
880:
863:Christmas wreath
859:
843:
825:
779:Eastern Churches
123:Father Christmas
107:metallic colours
93:and the greater
71:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3291:
3257:Pickled herring
3230:
3199:
3146:
3137:Cranberry sauce
3120:
3099:
3075:Red velvet cake
3060:Poppy seed roll
2978:
2929:
2918:
2916:
2910:
2889:White Christmas
2779:Christmas truce
2774:Christmas seals
2754:Christmas creep
2716:
2714:
2708:
2609:
2603:
2520:
2514:
2351:
2345:
2198:Lord of Misrule
2133:Christmas Peace
2083:Advent calendar
2073:
2067:
2016:Knecht Ruprecht
1996:
1994:
1988:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1788:
1784:
1776:
1701:Herod the Great
1636:
1630:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1529:
1524:Wayback Machine
1515:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1493:History Matters
1490:Wayback Machine
1481:Murray, Brian.
1480:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1399:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1344:
1340:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1297:
1293:
1282:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1223:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1188:
1180:. p. 418.
1171:
1170:
1166:
1156:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1130:. 29–32. 1936.
1125:
1124:
1120:
1109:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1083:Broadcast from
1081:Wayback Machine
1072:
1068:
1061:
1057:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1005:
1004:
1000:
987:
985:
980:
979:
975:
965:
952:
951:
947:
936:
923:
922:
918:
908:
906:
903:Moravian Church
897:
896:
892:
882:
875:
872:
865:
860:
851:
844:
835:
826:
783:Julian Calendar
728:
631:
580:
479:
469:
445:
428:
419:
380:
378:Glass ornaments
375:
347:Queen Charlotte
311:winter solstice
255:
249:
243:
198:
139:nativity scenes
60:
31:church services
17:
12:
11:
5:
3345:
3343:
3335:
3334:
3324:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3284:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3188:Smoking Bishop
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2922:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2876:
2871:
2869:Super Saturday
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2799:Giving Tuesday
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Christmas club
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2718:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2647:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2615:
2613:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2596:Piae Cantiones
2592:
2585:
2578:
2568:
2562:Music charts (
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2526:
2524:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2079:
2077:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2031:Père Fouettard
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1997:Saint Nicholas
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1949:Grandpa Indian
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1917:Saint Nicholas
1913:
1911:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1855:Old Man Winter
1852:
1847:
1842:
1840:Miner's figure
1837:
1832:
1827:
1825:Kallikantzaros
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1755:Nativity scene
1752:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1735:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1640:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1590:Children's Day
1586:
1579:
1576:Blue Christmas
1571:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1535:
1528:
1527:
1509:
1497:
1495:, Spring 2006.
1474:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1409:
1397:
1381:
1355:
1338:
1315:
1291:
1280:
1274:. p. 24.
1258:
1231:
1221:
1197:
1186:
1164:
1154:
1136:
1118:
1107:
1089:
1066:
1055:
1032:
1018:
998:
973:
963:
945:
934:
916:
889:
888:
887:
871:
868:
867:
866:
861:
854:
852:
845:
838:
836:
833:Christmas Tree
827:
820:
775:Three Wise Men
727:
724:
711:and even live
697:Nativity scene
630:
627:
579:
576:
543:and sprays of
528:evergreens or
511:European Holly
475:
468:
465:
444:
441:
427:
426:Cotton batting
424:
418:
415:
382:Figural glass
379:
376:
374:
371:
355:Queen Victoria
327:Saint Boniface
323:Æddi Stephanus
267:Christmas tree
247:Christmas tree
245:Main article:
242:
239:
197:
194:
147:Moravian stars
135:Advent wreaths
95:holiday season
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3344:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3312:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:Meat and fish
3233:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:Hot chocolate
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2874:Ugly sweaters
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Controversies
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2619:In literature
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2606:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2517:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2488:United States
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:Moravian star
2216:
2214:
2213:Midnight Mass
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2103:Candle arches
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2093:Advent wreath
2091:
2089:
2088:Advent candle
2086:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1995:Companions of
1991:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:Gift-bringers
1902:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1779:
1773:
1772:Twelfth Night
1770:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1733:Nativity Fast
1731:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1691:Christmastide
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1666:Angel Gabriel
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1644:Biblical Magi
1642:
1641:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1597:Christmas Eve
1594:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1394:0-8117-0328-2
1391:
1385:
1382:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:1-56718-765-X
1309:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:9780191614910
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1222:9781554390984
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1187:9781442225909
1183:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1155:9780814639320
1151:
1147:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1108:9781451424331
1104:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1036:
1033:
1021:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1002:
999:
995:
983:
977:
974:
970:
966:
960:
956:
949:
946:
942:
937:
935:9782067182110
931:
927:
920:
917:
904:
900:
894:
891:
885:
879:
874:
869:
864:
858:
853:
849:
842:
837:
834:
831:hanging on a
830:
824:
819:
817:
815:
814:United States
810:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:Christmas Eve
768:
764:
763:Twelfth Night
755:
751:
749:
745:
737:
732:
725:
723:
721:
720:Saint Nicolas
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
640:
636:
635:Western world
628:
626:
624:
620:
619:street lights
616:
612:
608:
607:South America
604:
597:
592:
584:
577:
575:
572:
571:superstitions
567:
565:
561:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
512:
508:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
478:
473:
466:
464:
460:
458:
454:
450:
442:
440:
436:
434:
425:
423:
416:
414:
410:
408:
403:
401:
396:
393:
389:
385:
377:
372:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:Prince Albert
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
259:
254:
253:Chrismon tree
248:
240:
238:
236:
232:
228:
226:
225:Yule festival
222:
221:Scandinavians
218:
214:
210:
205:
203:
195:
193:
191:
190:denominations
187:
183:
179:
178:Twelfth Night
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
148:
144:
143:illuminations
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
91:Christmastide
88:
79:
56:
51:
43:
36:
32:
28:
27:Advent wreath
23:
19:
3247:Gefilte fish
3195:Ponche crema
3030:Melomakarono
2898:
2789:Cyber Monday
2694:
2659:
2628:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2570:Music books
2563:
2401:Nazi Germany
2293:
2289:Secret Santa
2276:
2163:Flying Santa
2142:
1870:TiĂł de Nadal
1820:Korvatunturi
1671:Annunciation
1637:Christianity
1618:Sol Invictus
1512:
1500:
1492:
1477:
1465:. Retrieved
1461:the Guardian
1460:
1439:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1384:
1374:December 18,
1372:. Retrieved
1368:the original
1358:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1299:
1294:
1285:
1267:
1261:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1226:
1207:
1200:
1193:congregated.
1191:
1173:
1167:
1159:
1145:
1139:
1131:
1127:
1121:
1112:
1098:
1092:
1069:
1058:
1049:
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1008:
1001:
993:
986:. Retrieved
976:
968:
954:
948:
939:
925:
919:
907:. Retrieved
893:
811:
787:
760:
748:Thanksgiving
741:
717:
694:
639:giftwrapping
632:
600:
568:
557:
553:jingle bells
516:
482:
461:
446:
437:
429:
420:
411:
404:
397:
381:
319:tree worship
294:
279:Martin Bucer
264:
235:North Africa
229:
206:
199:
166:Liturgically
151:
86:
84:
18:
3262:Roast goose
3183:Mulled wine
3163:Champurrado
3158:Apple cider
3132:Bread sauce
3085:Szaloncukor
3065:Pumpkin pie
3015:Gingerbread
2969:Smörgåsbord
2610:Other media
2448:Philippines
2438:New Zealand
2321:Twelve Days
2278:Räuchermann
2233:Nutcrackers
2183:Las Posadas
2143:Decorations
2123:Christingle
2063:Zwarte Piet
2058:Snegurochka
1979:Sinterklaas
1929:Santa Claus
982:"Candlemas"
909:December 3,
736:Quezon City
686:Snow sheets
678:snow globes
662:candy canes
623:town square
127:Santa Claus
115:Mother Mary
2990:Candy cane
2939:Joulupöytä
2839:Pikkujoulu
2503:New Mexico
2352:By country
2326:Wassailing
2267:Poinsettia
2074:Traditions
2026:Mrs. Claus
2006:Belsnickel
1959:Julemanden
1954:Joulupukki
1885:Wenceslaus
1850:North Pole
1815:Jack Frost
1805:Christkind
1760:Neapolitan
1583:Boxing Day
1467:January 5,
1302:St. Paul:
870:References
709:volunteers
560:poinsettia
551:including
407:Sonnenburg
287:decorating
231:Tertullian
202:Saturnalia
172:through a
129:, and the
111:Baby Jesus
3277:Tourtière
3267:Romeritos
3204:Dumplings
3151:Beverages
3055:Pecan pie
3045:Panettone
3040:Pampushka
3035:Mince pie
3010:Fruitcake
2954:RĂ©veillon
2834:NFL games
2829:NBA games
2824:In August
2794:Economics
2564:Billboard
2418:Indonesia
2361:Australia
2336:Yule goat
2311:Stockings
2245:Ornaments
1974:Père Noël
1969:Olentzero
1964:Noel Baba
1939:Ded Moroz
1895:Yule Lads
1835:Mari Lwyd
1686:Bethlehem
1563:Christmas
1325:Christmas
773:, as the
670:stockings
541:pinecones
534:deciduous
526:broadleaf
501:evergreen
489:mistletoe
477:Mistletoe
367:ornaments
315:evergreen
283:Moravians
182:Candlemas
158:first day
103:evergreen
3326:Category
3310:Category
3281:meat pie
3272:Stuffing
3226:Varenyky
3095:Yule log
3070:Qurabiya
2944:Julebord
2917:Food and
2844:SantaCon
2809:El Gordo
2696:Yule Log
2468:Scotland
2381:Ethiopia
2366:Colombia
2341:Yule log
2295:Spanbaum
2272:Pyramids
2138:Crackers
2036:Sack Man
1922:folklore
1890:Yule cat
1795:Badalisc
1785:folklore
1696:Epiphany
1520:Archived
1486:Archived
1306:, 1995.
1287:2.9–18).
1085:Europe 1
1077:Archived
1051:earlier.
1025:April 9,
988:April 9,
806:Yule log
790:plastics
767:Hispanic
705:churches
701:heirloom
654:reindeer
642:presents
578:Outdoors
537:branches
497:garlands
400:Yuletide
335:fir tree
188:in some
170:parishes
3216:Pierogi
3211:Hallaca
3116:Borscht
3080:Stollen
3050:Pavlova
3025:MakĂłwki
3005:Cozonac
2974:Wigilia
2859:Scrooge
2819:In July
2717:society
2649:Poetry
2483:Ukraine
2458:Romania
2423:Ireland
2413:Iceland
2408:Hungary
2396:Germany
2386:Finland
2376:England
2371:Denmark
2331:Windows
2262:Piñatas
2250:Parades
2203:Markets
2188:Letters
2178:Hampers
2021:Krampus
1860:Perchta
1800:Caganer
941:wreath.
812:In the
713:animals
703:. Some
674:wreaths
666:garland
658:candles
633:In the
615:snowmen
611:sleighs
545:berries
522:conifer
518:Wreaths
453:Leipzig
449:Dresden
443:Dresden
392:Germany
388:Lauscha
343:Trinity
196:History
101:green (
3287:Turkey
3221:Tamale
3178:Kissel
3168:Eggnog
3125:Sauces
3111:Menudo
3090:TurrĂłn
3000:Cookie
2983:Sweets
2949:KĹ«ÄŤios
2930:Dinner
2804:Grinch
2715:modern
2682:Tomten
2641:Santa,
2624:novels
2542:Operas
2530:Carols
2498:Hawaii
2478:Sweden
2473:Serbia
2463:Russia
2453:Poland
2443:Norway
2433:Mexico
2391:France
2306:Stamps
2301:Szopka
2193:Lights
2148:Didukh
1984:Others
1934:Befana
1880:Vertep
1743:in art
1711:Joseph
1661:Advent
1392:
1347:Christ
1310:
1278:
1268:Angels
1219:
1184:
1152:
1105:
1016:
961:
932:
744:Advent
726:Season
682:angels
680:, and
629:Others
564:Mexico
547:, and
467:Plants
417:Method
363:lights
339:heaven
217:symbol
215:, the
162:Advent
154:Sweden
145:, and
119:angels
3020:Kutia
2919:drink
2547:Songs
2521:Music
2428:Italy
2284:Seals
2238:dolls
2168:Gifts
2108:Cards
2011:Elves
1875:Turoń
1845:Nisse
1810:Grýla
1706:Jesus
1353:2001.
802:metal
798:glass
650:bells
603:North
530:holly
485:holly
433:candy
307:pagan
209:Celts
3242:Carp
3104:Soup
2995:Cake
2906:Xmas
2535:list
2316:Tree
2255:list
1716:Mary
1625:Yule
1469:2023
1390:ISBN
1376:2007
1308:ISBN
1276:ISBN
1217:ISBN
1182:ISBN
1150:ISBN
1103:ISBN
1027:2014
1014:ISBN
990:2014
959:ISBN
930:ISBN
911:2023
800:and
794:wood
690:snow
605:and
499:and
451:and
365:and
349:and
331:Thor
265:The
241:Tree
213:tree
99:pine
33:and
3252:Ham
1782:In
1046:AOL
601:In
493:ivy
457:WWI
357:'s
160:of
3328::
2885:")
2881:("
2713:In
1635:In
1459:.
1448:^
1400:^
1349:,
1331:.
1327:.
1284:.
1270:.
1249:55
1247:.
1243:.
1225:.
1215:.
1213:67
1190:.
1176:.
1158:.
1111:.
1048:.
1044:.
992:.
967:.
938:.
901:.
796:,
792:,
715:.
684:.
676:,
672:,
668:,
664:,
660:,
656:,
652:,
625:.
613:,
491:,
487:,
435:.
390:,
369:.
325:,
277:,
164:.
141:,
137:,
133:.
125:,
121:,
117:,
113:,
85:A
3283:)
3279:(
2684:"
2680:"
2677:"
2673:"
2670:"
2666:"
2656:"
2652:"
2646:)
2566:)
1554:e
1547:t
1540:v
1507:.
1471:.
1378:.
1029:.
913:.
37:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
