32:
2660:(e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes
2678:, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias:
2037:: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword
63:
2337:: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher.
3215:: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See
810:
Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all
Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A
2849:
fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold. In rare cases, publications carry
4111:
Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information –
4555:
In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums. These would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers
2079:. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of
3610:
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
3772:
The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g.
5267:
will be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as
642:, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then
5180:); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation use
4116:. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without
3032:
Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket,
5339:
Controls the number of author (or other kind of contributor) names that are displayed. By default, all authors are displayed. To change the displayed number of names, set the parameter to the desired number. For example,
4120:
additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
2795:) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution.
2563:: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:
4112:
usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use
4884:: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor. Supports
4675:: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If
790:
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
4697:: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
1920:: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
3412:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the
2695:. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one of
601:
3394:– Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in
5372:
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message.
6376:
6109:
6104:
1361:: this parameter is used to hold the name of an organizational author (e.g. a committee) or the complete name (first and last) of a single person; for the latter, prefer the use of
2920:, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by
2083:. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form, e.g.
2484:
6331:
3395:
5937:
3468:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)
3420:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)
6099:
5830:
576:
6316:
2076:
5894:
3681:
6304:
4807:
is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use
47:
3381:
no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities, such as vice, reseller and advertising sites; links to
6170:
4229:
5251:
to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with
3398:
when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.
6343:
6300:
4354:
594:
43:
4177:
additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
2613:
Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates.
2930:
Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use
5284:
or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g.
5949:
666:{{cite tech report |last=Ouyang |first=M. |author2=N. Johnson |date=1996 |title=How good are branching rules in DPLL? |institution=DIMACS |number=96-38 }}
6155:
6023:
5405:
5927:
4592:). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.
587:
6114:
2288:, or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays after
2817:: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so
51:
2893:), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert
6259:
5887:
3689:
3177:
1650:
Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of
5849:
3818:
2080:
2165:. For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standard
6241:
6160:
4188:
4035:
2687:: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example,
3625:
Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD.
743:
Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
6386:
6381:
6326:
5985:
5825:
4162:
2392:
The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a
6286:
2183:
to help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases:
6028:
4267:
4173:
or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without
4092:
569:
5149:
If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."
6311:
4142: – if you are unsure of how any particular ISBN should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher.
5922:
5880:
6165:
4628:
are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for
3749:
3154:
2352:
target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate
3073:
is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.
6119:
4718:: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.
4492:
508:
6033:
3522:
6094:
6081:
5398:
3103:
to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
2360:
links to multiple works by the same author in the same year, unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case,
6071:
5975:
6018:
6339:
6294:
6013:
2270:
number designations (typically one being a year-relative and the other an absolute value), provide them both, for example
760:
39:
5932:
3829:. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example
1791:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
5773:
5164:: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For
2209:: English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after
139:
6061:
6048:
5980:
5965:
5344:
will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other kinds of contributors).
5587:
3460:.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the
420:
80:
5995:
5944:
4660:
3685:
1865:
634:
Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as
5863:
5531:
5475:
2833:: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal, where the issue numbering has restarted.
1941:: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after
321:
241:
5917:
5903:
2254:. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g.
5391:
5024:: title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
3990:
1868:
styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
1525:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
4038:
for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
6066:
5447:
5269:
3461:
3413:
3188:
2479:
2349:
1861:
209:
1956:
Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
5718:
5573:
5489:
5146:
If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
388:
273:
190:
2175:: Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
2125:. If the name of the periodical changed over time use the name at the time of the source's publication. If
5762:
5517:
5461:
3230:
3222:
3148:
3140:
2545:
2537:
2451:
2443:
2116:
2055:: The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either the
305:
225:
123:
3357:
3086:
811:
full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the
6135:
6008:
6003:
5795:
5784:
5729:
5707:
5503:
5414:
5101:
4885:
4808:
4702:
4614:
4596:
4577:
3727:
3471:
3423:
2931:
2850:
both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.
2417:
2413:
2340:
2180:
2108:
1925:
1879:
1682:
1614:
1370:
615:
404:
353:
289:
257:
155:
93:
4846:
instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in
Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use
3525:
contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be
3353:
4799:. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by
2482:
target multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. (This situation necessitates a
5806:
5657:
5629:
5601:
4461:
4443:
4293:
4132:
3129:. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that
535:
484:
452:
436:
3126:
3125:
is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see
1845:
listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
6140:
5696:
3980:
2285:
1851:: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write
771:
As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
104:
76:
3807:(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases:
3386:
3361:
6189:
6150:
5740:
5615:
5559:
5433:
5143:
to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.
3765:
3270:
2498:
format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)
500:
468:
372:
174:
6277:
4684:
2166:
2134:
1907:
766:
4270:. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example
2420:
templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as
6290:
6222:
5970:
5671:
5545:
4620:, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when
4530:
3745:
1327:
instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use
551:
337:
5172:); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For
4102:
3720:
be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set
2569:– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;
619:
6211:
6145:
6038:
5275:
4510:
3761:
3172:
3092:
2327:
1996:
623:
3465:
3417:
69:
6358:
6200:
5097:
5077:
4819:
4762:
4376:
3526:
3133:
is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See
2942:
2883:
2707:
is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if
1610:
1590:
2266:
depending on what is used in the actual publication. If a publication carries both issue
17:
6056:
5072:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to
4659:) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a
4372:
1585:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to
2121:): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in
6370:
4318:
4074:
3950:
3706:
3628:
3352:
are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead
3183:
3168:
2616:
2002:
3748:, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an
3648:: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set,
2402:
date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01
656:{{cite tech report |last= |first= |author2= |date= |title= |institution= |number= }}
6089:
4336:
3756:
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as
3696:
2526:
does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by
2488:
2355:
2162:
2041:
can be used to disable the display of a type. Defaults to
Technical report. Alias:
3205:) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias:
3010:: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by
2863:: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either
2791:, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g.
3514:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided.
2250:: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias:
2241:... |work=Zhōngguó piàofáng |script-work=zh:中国票房 |trans-work=China Box Office ...
6251:
4311:
3113:
was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires
1369:. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Supports
1890:: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Knowledge (XXG) article or
5348:
is a special case suppressing the display of all authors including the et al.
5068:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to
3479:
2008:
1581:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to
4077:
identifier for digital objects and other resources on the
Internet; example
3972:
3962:
3330:
is still 'live' but no-longer supports the text in a
Knowledge (XXG) article
2737:: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. If
2637:
2468:
parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the
198:
3080:?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
2506:: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the
2089:
at a French-language wiki instead of the
English word "Spanish". Aliases:
26:
3843:: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
3792:
3117:; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.
2821:
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
1373:. Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata.
5360:: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (
4709:... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...
4315:
2792:
2675:
1932:... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
1416:
5872:
3344:
links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, or other unsuitable
2749:
displays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, following
2664:
newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after
4170:
3942:
3928:
3065:: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by
2912:: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either
2841:: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the
2587:– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;
2056:
1736:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each
1420:
1415:
is empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance with
361:
163:
5008:). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use
3728:
Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for
Harvard referencing templates
2326:"Knowledge (XXG):Undated" redirects here. For undated signatures, see
2023:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the source named in
1509:. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use
802:, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.
4418:
4192:
4039:
2997:
2769:. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink.
4026:. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
3171:
snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as
5383:
1452:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each
6273:
5352:
displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none.
4249:
3789:
756:
112:
3954:
3437:
2303:
changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation:
5224:
4663:
to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
4196:
4191:; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
4106:
4043:
3981:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341
3515:
5876:
5387:
4894:: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example:
4738:, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in
3975:
id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g.
2059:
language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples:
1894:
may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in
4701:(if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the
3931:; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example:
2648:
or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do
57:
4791:, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in
784:|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
747:
By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).
4827:|quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))
3533:. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
5056:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to
4138:
template within the parameter – in the form
4022:: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at
3464:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include
3416:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include
1569:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to
5168:, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (
3712:
templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair
3452:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after
3385:
are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at
3085:
For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see
2990:
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where
2456:
template. See those templates' documentation for details.
1691:: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use
4825:
to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended:
2948:
to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended:
2727:
is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and
2636:: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The
1833:: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires
6320:
4580:
which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as
3716:
has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should
644:
4430:
parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.
4339:
identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example
2950:|pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))
2514:). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example:
5108:|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
4389:
parameter, below; these are two different identifiers
3119:
Not required for linked documents that do not change.
2599:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
2581:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
2315:
does not display (and will produce an error message).
1621:|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
1613:; enclose corporate or institutional author names in
4595:
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the
3396:
Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown
1474:
parameters to change how many authors are displayed.
6250:
6234:
6179:
6128:
6080:
6047:
5994:
5958:
5910:
5839:
5818:
5752:
5686:
5421:
4850:to include the same format as the source. Aliases:
4800:
4751:
4475:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
4210:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
4145:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
4057:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
4008:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3998:
3684:, especially useful with short-form citations like
3091:Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as
2987:
2983:
2921:
2872:
2491:, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)
691:Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
563:
547:
531:
515:
496:
480:
464:
448:
432:
416:
400:
384:
368:
349:
333:
317:
301:
285:
269:
253:
237:
221:
205:
186:
170:
151:
135:
119:
100:
4023:
3951:http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733
1323:: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use
3692:. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with
2256:|issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''
815:section near the top of this documentation page.
2179:(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the
4647:It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link
4405:goes live; if this date is in the future, then
3680:identifies the template as a target and allows
1924:(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the
1379:: Given or first names of author; for example:
6377:Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module
5100:; enclose corporate or institutional names in
4705:to help browsers properly display the script:
4651:to a link also produced by an identifier. The
4640:) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (
4409:is not linked until that date. Aliases: none.
4355:Office of Scientific and Technical Information
1928:to help browsers properly display the script:
806:COinS metadata is created for these parameters
5888:
5399:
5223:Replaces the name of the (first) author with
4811:to tell the template to display the value of
4234:; do not include "JFM" in the value; example
4230:Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik
2934:to tell the template to display the value of
2368:is required to disambiguate the link targets.
1661:: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use
595:
8:
4528:
4227:
3490:will be supported by all browsers; however,
3438:Access indicators for url-holding parameters
2309:is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.
2084:
2027:– do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
92:
5364:); for no terminating punctuation, specify
3529:. For example, a space must be replaced by
3216:
3134:
3109:: Full date when the content pointed to by
1880:Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters
1419:and use honorifics only in accordance with
6359:pipe trick does not work inside references
6310:Editors can experiment in this template's
5895:
5881:
5873:
5831:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates
5406:
5392:
5384:
5096:: comma separated list of editor names in
3997:. It is checked to ensure it begins with (
2803:parameters to display access restrictions.
1750:, but not the other way around). Aliases:
1609:: comma-separated list of author names in
602:
588:
4842:: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use
3963:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
3448:: File format of the work referred to by
3408:: File format of the work referred to by
3219:above for details about interaction with
3178:Knowledge (XXG):Using the Wayback Machine
3137:above for details about interaction with
2745:) is also defined and is different, then
2464:: Year of publication. The more flexible
2077:See the list of supported codes and names
5127:may be used for the individual names in
4726:: The number of a single page quoted in
4061:eISSNs using a non-standard format, see
3535:
3518:host-names are currently not supported.
2516:|orig-date=First published 1859
2440:in the style specified by the article's
1959:
1634:may be used for the individual names in
1246:
1219:
6361:, so be sure to insert a full wikilink.
6350:
4214:ISSNs using a non-standard format, see
4149:ISBNs using a non-standard format, see
3615:
3245:: A control parameter to select one of
2798:
2606:
645:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5285:
5173:
5165:
5128:
5107:
5015:
5012:
5009:
4826:
4812:
4804:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4769:
4768:to indicate this is intentional (e.g.
4755:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4656:
4652:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4632:to manually select a specific source (
4629:
4625:
4621:
4600:
4581:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4479:SBNs using a non-standard format, see
4012:DOIs using a non-standard format, see
3757:
3753:
3721:
3713:
3674:
3649:
3621:
3619:
3382:
3378:
3370:
3349:
3341:
3337:
3327:
3323:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3297:
3293:
3280:
3276:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3202:
3100:
3096:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
2995:
2991:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2935:
2925:
2917:
2913:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2889:to indicate this is intentional (e.g.
2876:
2868:
2864:
2818:
2551:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2495:
2469:
2465:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2387:
2376:
2274:. Displayed in parentheses following
2271:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
1635:
1620:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1366:
1362:
1332:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
984:
979:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
953:
949:
945:
940:
936:
931:
927:
923:
918:
914:
910:
905:
901:
897:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
783:
777:
759:metadata in the HTML output, allowing
639:
635:
91:
6156:Converting between references formats
5469:short, stand-alone, offline documents
4779:: A list or range of pages quoted in
4383:. Do not include "PMC" in the value.
4379:full-text of a journal article, e.g.
3819:Amazon Standard Identification Number
2871:, but not both. Displays preceded by
2593:– as above for month day, year format
2575:– as above for month day, year format
2530:(or, if it exists in the article, by
2476:of the following conditions are met:
2081:Category:CS1 foreign language sources
2073:|language=French, Portuguese
674:How good are branching rules in DPLL?
233:short, stand-alone, offline documents
7:
5272:. Do not use in a list generated by
4189:International Standard Serial Number
4036:International Standard Serial Number
2775:: Name of the content deliverer (if
2400:date; a comment for editors such as
2371:For approximate year, precede with "
2009:Help:Table § Rendering the pipe
1248:Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters
763:to retrieve bibliographic metadata.
559:web sources not covered by the above
6171:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC
6110:Referencing without using templates
6105:Referencing with citation templates
5281:
4314:for looking up publications in the
4163:International Standard Music Number
4140:|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}}
3666:
3655:generates an anchor with the given
2958:|at=pp. 3-1–3-15
5292:) to apply the mask to a specific
5259:—in this case, the value of
4770:|quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12
4268:Library of Congress Control Number
4093:International Standard Book Number
2341:Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates
1802:OR: for multiple translators, use
1710:OR: for multiple translators, use
1469:
676:(Technical report). DIMACS. 96-38.
577:Citation Style 1 wrapper templates
25:
4421:; use unique identifier; example
3478:URLs must begin with a supported
2520:|orig-date=Composed 1904
2339:For acceptable date formats, see
2284:: Title of a regular department,
1466:, but not the other way around).
1411:; first name will not display if
5176:, element separator is a comma (
5104:. End with etal if appropriate:
3803:(April 2007 – December 2014) or
3069:can be found. Cannot be used if
3049:
1617:. End with etal if appropriate:
778:|date=27 September 2007
61:
30:
6161:Reference display customization
4815:without processing it, and use
4539:For zbMATH search results like
4493:Social Science Research Network
4252:reference number; for example:
3945:id, as in the entire DOI (e.g.
2938:without processing it, and use
2657:
2386:For no date, or "undated", use
2137:(if available) of the title in
1910:(if available) of the title in
672:Ouyang, M.; N. Johnson (1996).
5350:|display-authors=etal
5031:OR: for multiple editors, use
4933:OR: for multiple editors, use
4687:(if available) of the text in
3955:https://doi.org/10.1101/078733
3682:wikilinking to full references
3313:is preemptively archived with
3157:by registered editors. Alias:
1540:OR: for multiple authors, use
1426:OR: for multiple authors, use
1221:Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters
869:|script-contribution=
1:
6295:Template:Cite tech report/doc
5928:Biographies of living persons
4886:accept-this-as-written markup
4578:accept-this-as-written markup
2550:template), or as used in the
1683:accept-this-as-written markup
1371:accept-this-as-written markup
761:reference management software
638:have upper-case aliases like
5864:Citation Style 1 noticeboard
5850:Citation Style documentation
5282:<references />
3752:as applicable. For example,
3665:attribute in the citation's
3523:citation template parameters
3201:. By default (overridden by
2899:|pages=3{{ndash}}12
2891:|page=3{{hyphen}}12
2656:parameter for the name of a
1331:or one of its aliases (e.g.
911:|publication-place=
6280:for background information.
6166:References and page numbers
6100:Introduction to referencing
5904:Knowledge (XXG) referencing
5346:|display-authors=0
5342:|display-authors=2
5010:|editor-first1=...
4425:
4384:
4100:
3758:|id={{NCJ|122967}}
3725:
3626:
3469:
3435:
3421:
3360:. Bot help is available at
3286:Accepts multiple keywords:
3217:"Automatic date formatting"
3186:
3175:
3135:"Automatic date formatting"
3084:
2796:
2614:
2426:|publication-date=
2338:
2006:
1877:
1467:
1002:|contribution-url=
932:|publication-date=
764:
618:template is used to create
6403:
6387:Citation Style 1 templates
6382:Templates generating COinS
6284:
6115:Referencing dos and don'ts
5826:Citation Style 1 templates
5013:|editor-last1=...
4480:
4215:
4150:
4062:
4013:
3296:omitted or empty) selects
3292:– (default condition when
2992:|page=Front cover
2674:: For news stories with a
2325:
1237:none deprecated at present
1031:|author#-surname=
1027:|author-surname#=
812:
6344:Subpages of this template
6260:Parenthetical referencing
6095:Citations quick reference
6062:Punctuation and footnotes
5861:
5366:|postscript=none
5088:forms of name parameters.
4642:|title-link=none
4529:
4375:; use article number for
3991:Digital object identifier
3959:10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
3690:parenthetical referencing
3573:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3456:. (For media format, use
3203:|url-status=live
3044:used in conjunction with
2787:is not a replacement for
2731:is shown after the title.
2410:Automatic date formatting
1995:
1949:parameter is recommended.
1866:parenthetical referencing
1853:Illustrated by John Smith
1743:requires a corresponding
1601:forms of name parameters.
1459:requires a corresponding
1023:|author-surname=
893:|script-section=
885:|script-article=
861:|script-chapter=
583:
570:Specific-source templates
6278:COinS in Knowledge (XXG)
6014:Citation Style Vancouver
4703:supported language codes
4638:|title-link=doi
4634:|title-link=pmc
4599:using the corresponding
3821:; if first character of
3189:Help:Using archive.today
2181:supported language codes
2065:|lang=fr, pt-br
1926:supported language codes
1096:|author#-given=
1092:|author-given#=
1084:|author#-first=
1080:|author-first#=
848:|encyclopaedia=
728:—may be used instead of
704:—may be used instead of
18:Template:Cite Techreport
6272:This template produces
6242:Knowledge (XXG) Library
5911:Policies and guidelines
5080:when the lists use the
5076:displays name lists in
4750:. Displays preceded by
3799:(before April 2007) or
3754:|id=NCJ 122967
2809:Edition, series, volume
2434:|archive-date=
2258:. Please choose either
1593:when the lists use the
1589:displays name lists in
1088:|author-given=
1076:|author-first=
1019:|author#-last=
1015:|author-last#=
902:|script-title=
877:|script-entry=
865:|contribution=
844:|encyclopedia=
6338:Add categories to the
6180:Template documentation
6120:Citing Knowledge (XXG)
4813:|quote-pages=
4789:|quote-pages=
4736:|quote-pages=
4228:
3825:value is a digit, use
3750:external link template
3371:|archive-url=
3338:|archive-url=
3324:|archive-url=
3315:|archive-url=
3298:|archive-url=
3281:|archive-url=
3251:|archive-url=
3042:|quote-pages=
2430:|access-date=
2377:|date=c. 1900
2272:|issue=2 #143
2085:
2069:|lang=Russian
1011:|author-last=
1006:|section-url=
998:|chapter-url=
989:|institution=
975:|quote-pages=
653:A short blank version:
460:audio or video serials
313:magazines, periodicals
131:audio and visual media
35:Template documentation
5374:|postscript=
5370:|postscript=
5016:|editor2=...
4904:Dr. Firstname M., Sr.
4785:|quote-page=
4758:. If hyphenated, use
4732:|quote-page=
4657:|title-link=
4630:|title-link=
4626:|title-link=
3797:|arxiv=hep-th/9205027
3294:|url-status=
3038:|quote-page=
2952:. Alternatively, use
2879:. If hyphenated, use
2819:|edition=2nd
2292:and is in plain text.
2061:|language=ru
1517:|author2=...
1333:|author=Bono
1226:Deprecated parameter
1174:|message-id=
971:|quote-page=
906:|book-title=
852:|dictionary=
820:|periodical=
767:Knowledge (XXG):COinS
755:This template embeds
5950:Scientific citations
5923:No original research
5539:public mailing lists
5322:display-interviewers
5310:display-contributors
5243:em spaces wide; set
5131:, as described above
4906:Do not wikilink—use
4896:Firstname Middlename
4576:) support a special
4462:Standard Book Number
4444:Request for Comments
4294:Mathematical Reviews
4199:or a space; example
4107:ISBN § Overview
4103:Knowledge (XXG):ISBN
4046:or a space; example
3995:10.1038/news070508-7
2532:|cs1-dates=
2524:|orig-date=
2438:|orig-date=
1511:|first1=...
1391:Do not wikilink—use
1381:Firstname Middlename
1134:|citeseerx=
985:|publisher=
828:|newspaper=
329:public mailing lists
265:radio or TV episodes
147:AV media liner notes
68:This template uses
6067:Shortened footnotes
5774:Cite AV media notes
5753:Audiovisual-related
5609:unpublished reports
5334:display-translators
5270:shortened footnotes
5235:to a numeric value
5129:|veditors=
5102:doubled parentheses
4805:|no-pp=yes
4756:|no-pp=yes
4513:corpus ID; example
3933:1974AJ.....79..819H
3673:HTML tag). Setting
3472:Using |format=
3424:Using |format=
2926:|no-pp=yes
2895:|page=3-12
2877:|no-pp=yes
2855:In-source locations
2480:Shortened footnotes
2436:, etc.) except for
2388:|date=n.d.
2350:Shortened footnotes
1862:shortened footnotes
1695:instead. Aliases:
1665:instead. Aliases:
1636:|vauthors=
1615:doubled parentheses
1514:|last1=...
1297:|vauthors=
1249:
1222:
1063:|subject#=
1047:|surname#=
919:|location=
832:|magazine=
732:(and is ignored if
717:(and is ignored if
140:Cite AV media notes
97:
77:Module:Citation/CS1
6082:Help for beginners
6034:Citation templates
5986:Referencing styles
5687:Preprint templates
5588:Cite press release
5483:edited collections
5174:|mode=cs2
5166:|mode=cs1
4910:instead. Aliases:
4809:double parentheses
3983:). Aliases: none.
3965:). Aliases: none.
3722:|ref=none
3714:|ref=harv
3462:external link icon
3414:external link icon
3018:. Use only one of
2932:double parentheses
2761:) is not defined,
2719:are defined, then
2693:The Times of India
2662:The New York Times
2554:parameter. Alias:
2472:parameter, unless
1667:translator-surname
1638:as described above
1395:instead. Aliases:
1268:|authors=
1247:
1220:
1130:|biorxiv=
1126:|bibcode=
1059:|subject=
1055:|author#=
1043:|surname=
980:|edition=
941:|version=
889:|section=
881:|article=
857:|chapter=
840:|website=
824:|journal=
713:—may be used with
421:Cite press release
249:edited collections
182:books and chapters
6268:
6267:
6072:Nesting footnotes
5976:Combining sources
5870:
5869:
5651:technical reports
5581:online newsgroups
5532:Cite mailing list
5511:academic journals
5476:Cite encyclopedia
5455:conference papers
4531:Zentralblatt MATH
4167:979-0-9016791-7-7
4097:978-0-8126-9593-9
3935:. Aliases: none.
3919:. Aliases: none.
3805:|arxiv=1501.00001
3746:unique identifier
3724:. Aliases: none.
3667:<cite id="
3608:
3607:
3279:when there is no
2729:publication-place
2709:publication-place
2697:publication-place
2685:publication-place
2264:|number=
2197:script-periodical
2015:
2014:
1860:Note: When using
1756:translator1-first
1716:translator-first1
1705:translator-first1
1701:translator1-first
1307:
1306:
1253:Removed parameter
1245:
1244:
1146:|eprint=
1117:|degree=
1112:|given#=
1104:|first#=
1051:|author=
954:|number=
946:|volume=
937:|series=
624:technical reports
612:
611:
527:technical reports
396:online newsgroups
322:Cite mailing list
297:academic journals
242:Cite encyclopedia
217:conference papers
90:
89:
16:(Redirected from
6394:
6362:
6355:
6335:
6324:
6308:
6227:
6221:
6216:
6210:
6205:
6199:
6194:
6188:
6136:Cite link labels
6049:Inline citations
6039:Reflist template
6009:Citation Style 2
6004:Citation Style 1
5933:Reliable sources
5897:
5890:
5883:
5874:
5854:
5848:
5811:
5805:
5800:
5794:
5789:
5783:
5778:
5772:
5767:
5761:
5745:
5739:
5734:
5728:
5723:
5717:
5712:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5676:
5670:
5662:
5656:
5648:
5644:Cite tech report
5642:
5634:
5628:
5620:
5614:
5606:
5600:
5592:
5586:
5578:
5572:
5564:
5558:
5550:
5544:
5536:
5530:
5522:
5516:
5508:
5502:
5494:
5488:
5480:
5474:
5466:
5460:
5452:
5446:
5438:
5432:
5415:Citation Style 1
5408:
5401:
5394:
5385:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5363:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5328:display-subjects
5291:
5283:
5279:
5239:to set the dash
5206:interviewer-mask
5194:contributor-mask
5179:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5130:
5109:
5087:
5083:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5063:
5059:
5017:
5014:
5011:
4828:
4824:
4818:
4814:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4794:
4793:|pages=
4790:
4786:
4782:
4781:|quote=
4771:
4767:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4744:|pages=
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4728:|quote=
4710:
4679:is defined, use
4661:convenience link
4658:
4654:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4606:
4605:>-access=
4591:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4562:|eissn=
4559:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4516:
4511:Semantic Scholar
4498:
4467:
4466:|sbn=356-02201-3
4449:
4431:
4424:
4399:pmc-embargo-date
4390:
4382:
4360:
4342:
4324:
4299:
4281:
4277:
4276:|lccn=2004042477
4273:
4255:
4237:
4233:
4202:
4168:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4110:
4098:
4080:
4079:|hdl=20.1000/100
4049:
4048:|eissn=1557-2986
4000:
3996:
3978:
3960:
3948:
3934:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3832:
3831:|asin=B00005N5PF
3806:
3802:
3801:|arxiv=0706.0001
3798:
3780:
3776:
3759:
3755:
3731:
3723:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3633:
3632:
3623:
3536:
3532:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3474:
3440:
3426:
3393:
3384:
3380:
3373:; used when the
3372:
3368:
3351:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3256:
3255:|title=
3252:
3248:
3234:
3226:
3204:
3192:
3181:
3173:Internet Archive
3167:: The URL of an
3155:hidden or styled
3152:
3144:
3102:
3098:
3090:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3047:
3046:|quote=
3043:
3039:
3029:
3025:
3024:|pages=
3021:
3017:
3016:|pages=
3013:
3000:
2996:|pages=
2993:
2989:
2985:
2982:to suppress the
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2937:
2936:|pages=
2927:
2923:
2919:
2918:|pages=
2915:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2869:|pages=
2866:
2820:
2804:
2765:is displayed as
2763:publication-date
2747:publication-date
2735:publication-date
2689:The Boston Globe
2621:
2620:
2611:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2568:
2553:
2549:
2541:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2497:
2487:
2471:
2467:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2414:Citation Style 1
2411:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2378:
2374:
2359:
2344:
2328:Template:Undated
2273:
2265:
2261:
2260:|issue=
2257:
2242:
2231:trans-periodical
2189:script-newspaper
2129:is defined, use
2120:
2112:
2088:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2054:
2040:
2011:
1997:{{bracket|text}}
1988:
1960:
1933:
1902:is defined, use
1883:
1815:translator1-link
1804:translator-link1
1797:translator1-link
1793:translator-link1
1752:translator1-last
1738:translator-first
1727:translator-first
1712:translator-last1
1697:translator-given
1689:translator-first
1679:translator-last1
1675:translator1-last
1646:
1637:
1622:
1600:
1596:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1475:
1389:Firstname M. Sr.
1368:
1364:
1363:|first=
1334:
1298:
1294:
1286:
1278:
1269:
1250:
1223:
1211:
1207:
1206:|s2cid=
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1166:|jstor=
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1142:|eissn=
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1122:|arxiv=
1118:
1113:
1109:
1108:|given=
1105:
1101:
1100:|first=
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1071:|host#=
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1039:|last#=
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
990:
986:
981:
976:
972:
968:
964:
963:|pages=
960:
955:
951:
950:|issue=
947:
942:
938:
933:
929:
925:
920:
916:
915:|place=
912:
907:
903:
899:
898:|title=
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
873:|entry=
870:
866:
862:
858:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
801:
797:
793:
786:
785:
780:
779:
770:
677:
667:
657:
649:
647:
641:
637:
616:Citation Style 1
604:
597:
590:
573:
556:
550:
540:
534:
524:
520:Cite tech report
518:
505:
499:
489:
483:
473:
467:
457:
451:
441:
435:
425:
419:
409:
403:
393:
387:
377:
371:
358:
352:
342:
336:
326:
320:
310:
304:
294:
288:
278:
272:
262:
256:
246:
240:
230:
224:
214:
208:
195:
189:
179:
173:
160:
154:
144:
138:
128:
122:
109:
103:
98:
94:Citation Style 1
65:
64:
58:
55:
36:
34:
33:
21:
6402:
6401:
6397:
6396:
6395:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6367:
6366:
6365:
6356:
6352:
6348:
6347:
6337:
6329:
6314:
6309:
6298:
6283:
6269:
6264:
6246:
6230:
6225:
6219:
6214:
6208:
6203:
6197:
6192:
6186:
6175:
6124:
6076:
6043:
5990:
5981:Offline sources
5966:Citation needed
5954:
5906:
5901:
5871:
5866:
5857:
5852:
5846:
5835:
5814:
5809:
5803:
5798:
5792:
5787:
5781:
5776:
5770:
5765:
5759:
5748:
5743:
5737:
5732:
5726:
5721:
5715:
5710:
5704:
5699:
5693:
5682:
5674:
5668:
5660:
5654:
5646:
5640:
5632:
5626:
5618:
5612:
5604:
5598:
5590:
5584:
5576:
5570:
5562:
5556:
5548:
5542:
5534:
5528:
5520:
5514:
5506:
5500:
5492:
5486:
5478:
5472:
5464:
5458:
5450:
5448:Cite conference
5444:
5436:
5430:
5423:
5417:
5412:
5361:
5316:display-editors
5304:display-authors
5295:
5289:
5273:
5264:
5256:
5248:
5232:
5218:translator-mask
5177:
5169:
5158:
5156:Display options
5141:display-editors
5098:Vancouver style
5085:
5081:
5078:Vancouver style
5073:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5054:name-list-style
5047:
5040:
5006:
4998:
4991:
4983:
4975:
4968:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4868:editor1-surname
4864:editor-surname1
4836:
4822:
4816:
4772:). Alias: none.
4765:
4759:
4740:|page=
4708:
4669:
4617:
4611:
4604:
4589:
4586:>=((<
4585:
4570:|issn=
4566:|isbn=
4545:|jfm=35.0387.02
4544:
4540:
4537:|zbl=0472.53010
4536:
4515:|s2cid=37220927
4514:
4496:
4465:
4447:
4422:
4380:
4377:open repository
4358:
4340:
4322:
4297:
4280:|lccn=e09001178
4279:
4275:
4271:
4253:
4236:|jfm=53.0144.01
4235:
4201:|issn=2049-3630
4200:
4166:
4165:; for example:
4139:
4135:
4129:
4096:
4095:; for example:
4078:
4047:
4024:https://doi.org
4020:doi-broken-date
3994:
3993:; for example:
3976:
3958:
3946:
3932:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3830:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3795:; for example:
3778:
3774:
3738:
3709:
3703:
3699:
3693:
3686:shortened notes
3678:
3670:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3642:
3637:
3636:
3624:
3617:
3530:
3527:percent-encoded
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3391:
3366:
3333:
3319:
3302:
3289:
3268:
3228:
3220:
3146:
3138:
3101:|oclc=
3097:|isbn=
3079:
3078:
3074:
3059:
3031:
3020:|page=
3012:|page=
2981:
2977:
2973:
2945:
2939:
2929:
2914:|page=
2886:
2880:
2865:|page=
2857:
2811:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2612:
2608:
2596:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2572:
2566:
2552:|date=
2543:
2535:
2483:
2466:|date=
2449:
2441:
2422:|date=
2409:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2372:
2353:
2331:
2324:
2240:
2223:trans-newspaper
2193:script-magazine
2169:in this field.
2114:
2106:
2099:
2050:
2038:
1986:
1931:
1875:
1822:
1811:
1808:translator-link
1789:translator-link
1783:
1771:
1763:
1748:
1745:translator-last
1741:
1730:
1723:
1720:translator-last
1693:translator-link
1663:translator-link
1659:translator-last
1644:
1611:Vancouver style
1598:
1594:
1591:Vancouver style
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1567:name-list-style
1560:
1549:
1507:
1496:
1489:
1464:
1457:
1446:
1439:
1367:|last=
1317:
1312:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1218:
1202:|ssrn=
1194:|pmid=
1186:|osti=
1182:|oclc=
1170:|lccn=
1158:|issn=
1154:|isbn=
1067:|host=
1035:|last=
959:|page=
928:|year=
924:|date=
836:|work=
808:
799:
795:
791:
782:
776:
753:
689:
684:
671:
665:
663:
655:
654:
643:
640:|ISBN=
636:|isbn=
632:
608:
574:
567:
554:
548:
538:
532:
522:
516:
503:
497:
487:
481:
471:
465:
455:
449:
439:
433:
423:
417:
407:
401:
391:
385:
375:
369:
356:
350:
340:
334:
324:
318:
308:
302:
292:
286:
276:
270:
260:
254:
244:
238:
228:
222:
212:
210:Cite conference
206:
193:
187:
177:
171:
158:
152:
142:
136:
126:
120:
107:
101:
86:
62:
56:
37:
31:
29:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6400:
6398:
6390:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6369:
6368:
6364:
6363:
6349:
6276:metadata; see
6266:
6265:
6263:
6262:
6256:
6254:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6244:
6238:
6236:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6217:
6206:
6195:
6183:
6181:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6141:Citation tools
6138:
6132:
6130:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6090:Reference-tags
6086:
6084:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6053:
6051:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6000:
5998:
5996:Citing sources
5992:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5962:
5960:
5959:General advice
5956:
5955:
5953:
5952:
5947:
5945:Citing sources
5942:
5941:
5940:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5914:
5912:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5900:
5899:
5892:
5885:
5877:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5855:
5843:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5833:
5828:
5822:
5820:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5801:
5790:
5779:
5768:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5735:
5724:
5719:Cite CiteSeerX
5713:
5702:
5690:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5677:
5666:
5663:
5652:
5649:
5638:
5635:
5624:
5623:signs, plaques
5621:
5610:
5607:
5596:
5595:press releases
5593:
5582:
5579:
5574:Cite newsgroup
5568:
5565:
5554:
5551:
5540:
5537:
5526:
5523:
5512:
5509:
5498:
5495:
5490:Cite interview
5484:
5481:
5470:
5467:
5456:
5453:
5442:
5439:
5427:
5425:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5376:is ignored if
5355:
5354:
5353:
5331:
5325:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5300:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5293:
5287:
5262:
5254:
5246:
5230:
5215:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5185:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5111:
5110:
5091:
5090:
5089:
5051:
5045:
5038:
5029:
5019:
5004:
4996:
4989:
4981:
4973:
4966:
4965:editor-surname
4958:
4951:
4944:
4931:
4889:
4860:editor-surname
4835:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4829:. Alias: none.
4773:
4721:
4720:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4711:
4668:
4665:
4655:parameter (or
4653:|url=
4622:|url=
4602:
4587:
4583:
4574:|sbn=
4558:|doi=
4553:
4552:
4541:JFM 35.0387.02
4522:
4504:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4455:
4437:
4423:|pmid=17322060
4412:
4411:
4410:
4373:PubMed Central
4366:
4348:
4330:
4305:
4287:
4272:|lccn=79-57364
4261:
4254:|jstor=3793107
4243:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4182:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4143:
4119:
4086:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4017:
3984:
3977:10.1.1.176.341
3966:
3947:10.1101/078733
3936:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3812:
3770:
3769:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3676:
3675:|ref=
3668:
3657:
3651:
3650:|ref=
3641:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3614:
3613:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3476:
3475:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3406:archive-format
3403:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3389:
3383:|url=
3379:|url=
3364:
3350:|url=
3342:|url=
3331:
3328:|url=
3317:
3311:|url=
3307:|url=
3300:
3277:|url=
3263:
3247:|url=
3240:
3162:
3075:#ixzz2rBr3aO94
3058:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3034:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2906:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2835:
2834:
2823:
2822:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2770:
2732:
2682:
2669:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2558:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2475:
2458:
2457:
2406:
2405:
2390:
2381:
2380:
2375:", like this:
2369:
2346:
2345:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2279:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2227:trans-magazine
2204:
2201:script-website
2185:script-journal
2098:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2047:
2046:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2013:
2012:
2001:| or
1999:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1809:
1800:
1786:
1781:
1769:
1761:
1746:
1739:
1728:
1721:
1708:
1656:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1624:
1623:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1564:
1558:
1547:
1538:
1520:
1505:
1494:
1487:
1462:
1455:
1444:
1437:
1424:
1374:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1290:
1282:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1210:|zbl=
1198:|rfc=
1190:|pmc=
1162:|jfm=
1150:|hdl=
1138:|doi=
1119:
1114:
1073:
1008:
994:|url=
991:
982:
977:
956:
943:
934:
921:
908:
895:
854:
807:
804:
788:
787:
752:
749:
745:
744:
740:
739:
738:
737:
722:
698:
688:
685:
683:
680:
679:
678:
662:
659:
631:
628:
610:
609:
607:
606:
599:
592:
584:
581:
580:
565:
561:
560:
557:
545:
544:
541:
529:
528:
525:
513:
512:
506:
494:
493:
490:
478:
477:
476:signs, plaques
474:
462:
461:
458:
446:
445:
442:
430:
429:
428:press releases
426:
414:
413:
410:
398:
397:
394:
389:Cite newsgroup
382:
381:
378:
366:
365:
359:
347:
346:
343:
331:
330:
327:
315:
314:
311:
299:
298:
295:
283:
282:
279:
274:Cite interview
267:
266:
263:
251:
250:
247:
235:
234:
231:
219:
218:
215:
203:
202:
196:
191:Cite CiteSeerX
184:
183:
180:
168:
167:
161:
149:
148:
145:
133:
132:
129:
117:
116:
110:
88:
87:
85:
84:
73:
66:
28:
27:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6399:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6374:
6372:
6360:
6354:
6351:
6345:
6341:
6333:
6328:
6322:
6318:
6313:
6306:
6302:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6287:documentation
6282:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6261:
6258:
6257:
6255:
6253:
6249:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6237:
6233:
6224:
6218:
6213:
6207:
6202:
6196:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6178:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6151:Cite messages
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6131:
6129:Advanced help
6127:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6083:
6079:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6001:
5999:
5997:
5993:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5939:
5936:
5935:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5918:Verifiability
5916:
5915:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5898:
5893:
5891:
5886:
5884:
5879:
5878:
5875:
5865:
5860:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5840:Documentation
5838:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5817:
5808:
5802:
5797:
5791:
5786:
5780:
5775:
5769:
5764:
5763:Cite AV media
5758:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5742:
5736:
5731:
5725:
5720:
5714:
5709:
5703:
5698:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5685:
5678:
5673:
5667:
5664:
5659:
5653:
5650:
5645:
5639:
5636:
5631:
5625:
5622:
5617:
5611:
5608:
5603:
5597:
5594:
5589:
5583:
5580:
5575:
5569:
5567:news articles
5566:
5561:
5555:
5552:
5547:
5541:
5538:
5533:
5527:
5524:
5519:
5518:Cite magazine
5513:
5510:
5505:
5499:
5496:
5491:
5485:
5482:
5477:
5471:
5468:
5463:
5462:Cite document
5457:
5454:
5449:
5443:
5440:
5435:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5420:
5416:
5409:
5404:
5402:
5397:
5395:
5390:
5389:
5386:
5379:
5359:
5356:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5329:
5326:
5323:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5308:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5277:
5271:
5266:
5258:
5250:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5227:or text. Set
5226:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5126:
5125:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5079:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5041:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5007:
5000:
4992:
4985:
4977:
4969:
4962:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4939:editor-first1
4936:
4932:
4929:
4928:editor1-given
4925:
4924:editor-given1
4921:
4917:
4916:editor1-first
4913:
4912:editor-first1
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4821:
4810:
4797:|at=
4783:. Use either
4778:
4774:
4764:
4748:|at=
4730:. Use either
4725:
4722:
4717:
4714:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4666:
4664:
4662:
4650:
4645:
4616:
4608:
4598:
4597:access status
4593:
4579:
4550:
4532:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4497:|ssrn=1900856
4494:
4490:
4487:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4429:
4426:See also the
4420:
4416:
4413:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4388:
4385:See also the
4378:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4359:|osti=4367507
4356:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4338:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4323:|oclc=9355469
4320:
4319:union catalog
4317:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4232:
4231:
4225:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4198:
4195:, but not an
4194:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4134:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4117:
4115:
4108:
4104:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4076:
4075:Handle System
4072:
4069:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4045:
4042:, but not an
4041:
4037:
4033:
4030:
4025:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4001:). Aliases:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3956:
3952:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3794:
3791:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3767:
3763:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3719:
3708:
3698:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3630:
3629:MOS:DATEUNIFY
3622:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3537:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3481:
3473:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3439:
3433:
3430:
3425:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3376:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3347:
3332:
3318:
3301:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3275:to mark dead
3272:
3266:
3261:
3260:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3232:
3231:use mdy dates
3224:
3223:use dmy dates
3218:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3190:
3185:
3184:archive.today
3179:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3149:use mdy dates
3142:
3141:use dmy dates
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3121:For example,
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3094:
3088:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3035:
3028:|at=
3009:
3005:
2999:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2956:, like this:
2954:|at=
2944:
2933:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2885:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2618:
2617:MOS:DATEUNIFY
2610:
2607:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2547:
2546:use mdy dates
2539:
2538:use dmy dates
2528:|df=
2513:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2493:
2490:
2489:disambiguator
2486:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2453:
2452:use mdy dates
2445:
2444:use dmy dates
2419:
2415:
2408:
2407:
2404:can be added.
2391:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2321:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2269:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:trans-website
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2219:trans-journal
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2117:cite magazine
2110:
2105:(required by
2104:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2010:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1948:
1945:. Use of the
1944:
1940:
1937:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1831:collaboration
1829:
1824:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1777:
1773:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1648:: deprecated
1647:
1642:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1592:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1508:
1501:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:Replace with
1228:
1225:
1224:
1215:
1178:|mr=
1120:
1115:
1074:
1009:
992:
983:
978:
967:|at=
957:
944:
935:
922:
909:
896:
855:
818:
817:
816:
814:
805:
803:
774:
773:
772:
768:
762:
758:
750:
748:
742:
741:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:
716:
712:
709:
708:
707:
703:
699:
697:
694:
693:
692:
686:
681:
675:
670:
669:
668:
660:
658:
651:
648:
629:
627:
625:
621:
617:
605:
600:
598:
593:
591:
586:
585:
582:
579:
578:
572:
571:
566:
562:
558:
553:
546:
542:
537:
530:
526:
521:
514:
510:
507:
502:
495:
491:
486:
479:
475:
470:
463:
459:
454:
447:
443:
438:
431:
427:
422:
415:
411:
406:
399:
395:
390:
383:
380:news articles
379:
374:
367:
363:
360:
355:
348:
344:
339:
332:
328:
323:
316:
312:
307:
306:Cite magazine
300:
296:
291:
284:
280:
275:
268:
264:
259:
252:
248:
243:
236:
232:
227:
226:Cite document
220:
216:
211:
204:
200:
197:
192:
185:
181:
176:
169:
165:
162:
157:
150:
146:
141:
134:
130:
125:
124:Cite AV media
118:
114:
111:
106:
99:
95:
82:
78:
75:
74:
71:
67:
60:
59:
53:
49:
45:
41:
19:
6353:
6271:
6270:
6226:}}
6220:{{
6215:}}
6209:{{
6204:}}
6198:{{
6193:}}
6187:{{
5971:Find sources
5853:}}
5847:{{
5810:}}
5804:{{
5799:}}
5796:Cite podcast
5793:{{
5788:}}
5785:Cite episode
5782:{{
5777:}}
5771:{{
5766:}}
5760:{{
5744:}}
5738:{{
5733:}}
5730:Cite medRxiv
5727:{{
5722:}}
5716:{{
5711:}}
5708:Cite bioRxiv
5705:{{
5700:}}
5694:{{
5675:}}
5669:{{
5661:}}
5655:{{
5647:}}
5643:
5641:{{
5633:}}
5627:{{
5619:}}
5613:{{
5605:}}
5599:{{
5591:}}
5585:{{
5577:}}
5571:{{
5563:}}
5557:{{
5549:}}
5543:{{
5535:}}
5529:{{
5521:}}
5515:{{
5507:}}
5504:Cite journal
5501:{{
5493:}}
5487:{{
5479:}}
5473:{{
5465:}}
5459:{{
5451:}}
5445:{{
5437:}}
5431:{{
5377:
5357:
5333:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5309:
5303:
5286:|author
5278:}}
5274:{{
5260:
5252:
5244:
5240:
5236:
5228:
5217:
5212:subject-mask
5211:
5205:
5199:
5193:
5187:
5181:
5161:
5140:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5114:
5093:
5053:
5043:
5036:
5033:editor-link1
5032:
5026:editor-link1
5025:
5021:
5002:
4994:
4988:editor-given
4987:
4979:
4971:
4964:
4956:
4950:editor-first
4949:
4942:
4938:
4935:editor-last1
4934:
4927:
4923:
4920:editor-given
4919:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4900:Firstname M.
4899:
4895:
4892:editor-first
4891:
4881:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4859:
4856:editor1-last
4855:
4852:editor-last1
4851:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4823:}}
4817:{{
4776:
4766:}}
4760:{{
4723:
4715:
4698:
4695:script-quote
4694:
4689:script-quote
4688:
4685:Romanization
4680:
4677:script-quote
4676:
4672:
4648:
4646:
4618:}}
4615:cite journal
4612:{{
4609:
4594:
4554:
4548:
4547:. Aliases:
4524:
4518:
4517:. Aliases:
4506:
4500:
4499:. Aliases:
4488:
4476:
4469:
4468:. Aliases:
4457:
4451:
4450:. Aliases:
4439:
4433:
4427:
4414:
4406:
4402:
4401:: Date that
4398:
4392:
4391:. Aliases:
4386:
4368:
4362:
4361:. Aliases:
4350:
4344:
4343:. Aliases:
4341:|ol=7030731M
4337:Open Library
4332:
4326:
4325:. Aliases:
4307:
4301:
4300:. Aliases:
4289:
4283:
4282:. Aliases:
4263:
4257:
4256:. Aliases:
4245:
4239:
4238:. Aliases:
4223:
4211:
4204:
4203:. Aliases:
4184:
4178:
4174:
4158:
4146:
4136:}}
4130:{{
4122:
4113:
4088:
4082:
4081:. Aliases:
4070:
4058:
4051:
4050:. Aliases:
4031:
4019:
4009:
4002:
3986:
3968:
3938:
3924:
3840:
3834:
3833:. Aliases:
3826:
3822:
3814:
3808:
3785:
3771:
3741:
3717:
3710:}}
3704:{{
3700:}}
3694:{{
3645:
3609:
3520:
3477:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3431:
3409:
3405:
3392:bot: unknown
3374:
3345:
3340:; used when
3326:; used when
3309:; used when
3273:}}
3269:{{
3264:
3258:
3242:
3236:
3233:}}
3229:{{
3225:}}
3221:{{
3213:archive-date
3212:
3206:
3198:
3195:archive-date
3194:
3164:
3158:
3151:}}
3147:{{
3143:}}
3139:{{
3130:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3087:WP:PAGELINKS
3070:
3066:
3062:
3007:
2967:
2961:
2946:}}
2940:{{
2909:
2902:
2887:}}
2881:{{
2860:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2830:
2826:
2814:
2800:access level
2799:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2679:
2671:
2665:
2661:
2653:
2646:organization
2633:
2609:
2560:
2555:
2548:}}
2544:{{
2540:}}
2536:{{
2511:
2507:
2503:
2461:
2454:}}
2450:{{
2446:}}
2442:{{
2382:
2365:
2361:
2358:}}
2354:{{
2334:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2289:
2281:
2275:
2267:
2251:
2247:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2217:. Aliases:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2172:
2167:Romanization
2163:Latin script
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2135:Romanization
2130:
2126:
2122:
2119:}}
2115:{{
2111:}}
2109:cite journal
2107:{{
2102:
2090:
2051:
2042:
2034:
2024:
2020:
1989:(preferred)
1946:
1942:
1938:
1921:
1918:script-title
1917:
1912:script-title
1911:
1908:Romanization
1903:
1900:script-title
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1876:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1779:
1775:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1681:. Supports
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1649:
1643:
1631:
1627:
1606:
1566:
1556:
1553:author1-link
1552:
1545:
1542:author-link1
1541:
1534:
1531:author1-link
1530:
1527:author-link1
1526:
1522:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1460:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1385:Firstname M.
1384:
1380:
1376:
1358:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:). Aliases:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1301:August 2024
1289:|author
1256:Replace with
809:
789:
754:
746:
736:is not used)
733:
729:
725:
721:is not used)
718:
714:
710:
705:
701:
695:
690:
673:
664:
652:
633:
613:
575:
568:
555:}}
549:{{
539:}}
533:{{
523:}}
519:
517:{{
504:}}
498:{{
488:}}
482:{{
472:}}
466:{{
456:}}
450:{{
440:}}
434:{{
424:}}
418:{{
408:}}
405:Cite podcast
402:{{
392:}}
386:{{
376:}}
370:{{
357:}}
354:Cite medRxiv
351:{{
341:}}
335:{{
325:}}
319:{{
309:}}
303:{{
293:}}
290:Cite journal
287:{{
277:}}
271:{{
261:}}
258:Cite episode
255:{{
245:}}
239:{{
229:}}
223:{{
213:}}
207:{{
194:}}
188:{{
178:}}
172:{{
159:}}
156:Cite bioRxiv
153:{{
143:}}
137:{{
127:}}
121:{{
108:}}
102:{{
6291:transcluded
6146:Cite errors
5807:Cite serial
5679:web sources
5658:Cite thesis
5630:Cite speech
5602:Cite report
5380:is defined.
5200:editor-mask
5188:author-mask
5122:editor-mask
5115:editor-link
5037:editor-link
5022:editor-link
4943:editor-last
4908:editor-link
4848:editor-last
4844:editor-link
4840:editor-last
4777:quote-pages
4716:trans-quote
4607:parameter.
4381:|pmc=345678
4312:OCLC Number
4133:Format ISBN
3779:|pmc=345678
3736:Identifiers
3521:If URLs in
3410:archive-url
3348:; links to
3265:archive-url
3257:; requires
3237:archivedate
3193:; requires
3165:archive-url
3131:access-date
3123:access-date
3107:access-date
2215:script-work
2173:script-work
2141:. Aliases:
2139:script-work
2127:script-work
1939:trans-title
1813:. Aliases:
1776:translator1
1671:translator1
1632:author-mask
1628:author-link
1551:. Aliases:
1546:author-link
1523:author-link
1407:. Requires
1393:author-link
1325:author-link
1310:Description
1281:|first
796:–
536:Cite thesis
485:Cite speech
453:Cite serial
437:Cite report
50:] [
46:] [
42:] [
6371:Categories
6285:The above
6252:Deprecated
5819:Categories
5697:Cite arXiv
5497:interviews
5368:– leaving
5358:postscript
5290:-mask=
5182:postscript
4955:(Aliases:
4724:quote-page
4683:to hold a
4601:|<
4582:|<
4535:; example
4495:; example
4464:; example
4446:; example
4357:; example
4321:; example
4298:|mr=630583
4296:; example
3793:identifier
3760:to append
3539:Character
3480:URI scheme
3432:url-access
3369:– selects
3354:usurpation
3336:– selects
3322:– selects
3305:– selects
3243:url-status
3207:archiveurl
3159:accessdate
3127:WP:CITEWEB
2299:When set,
2282:department
2207:trans-work
2155:periodical
2133:to hold a
2097:Periodical
2021:title-link
1906:to hold a
1878:(See also
1819:translator
1780:translator
1768:translator
1760:translator
1535:authorlink
1273:|last
1216:Deprecated
800: 
792:
682:Parameters
650:the page.
281:interviews
105:Cite arXiv
6342:subpage.
6327:testcases
6190:Edit refs
6057:Footnotes
5741:Cite SSRN
5616:Cite sign
5560:Cite news
5525:magazines
5434:Cite book
5424:templates
5265:>-link
5257:>-link
5249:>-mask
5233:>-mask
5225:em dashes
5136:Display:
5062:ampersand
4649:identical
4448:|rfc=3143
4432:Aliases:
3973:CiteSeerX
3969:citeseerx
3574:Encoding
3496:gopher://
3387:WP:URLREQ
3362:WP:URLREQ
3358:blacklist
3271:dead link
3235:. Alias:
3153:. Can be
2970:: Set to
2960:. Alias:
2901:. Alias:
2789:publisher
2781:publisher
2777:different
2751:publisher
2654:publisher
2638:publisher
2634:publisher
2628:Publisher
2556:orig-year
2504:orig-date
2147:newspaper
2007:see also
1983:]
1980:[
1575:ampersand
1476:Aliases:
620:citations
501:Cite SSRN
469:Cite sign
373:Cite news
364:preprints
199:CiteSeerX
175:Cite book
166:preprints
115:preprints
96:templates
6223:Refstart
6024:Bluebook
5938:Medicine
5672:Cite web
5637:speeches
5546:Cite map
5422:General
5094:veditors
5035:through
4976:-surname
4941:through
4316:WorldCat
4128:Use the
3841:asin-tld
3775:|rfc=822
3768:instead.
3488:https://
3466:alt text
3418:alt text
3320:deviated
3253:to link
3169:archived
2797:See the
2793:NewsBank
2725:location
2717:location
2705:location
2680:location
2676:dateline
2652:use the
2151:magazine
2086:espagnol
2052:language
2003:{{pipe}}
1947:language
1843:vauthors
1817:through
1806:through
1778:through
1758:through
1732:, where
1718:through
1607:vauthors
1555:through
1544:through
1502:through
1484:through
1478:surname1
1468:See the
1448:, where
1434:through
1417:MOS:JRSR
1349:surname1
661:Examples
564:See also
552:Cite web
492:speeches
412:podcasts
338:Cite map
6319:|
6312:sandbox
6305:history
6303:|
6212:Refref2
5276:reflist
5042:(alias
4876:editor1
4834:Editors
4803:unless
4754:unless
4197:en dash
4171:Hyphens
4044:en dash
3943:bioRxiv
3939:biorxiv
3929:bibcode
3925:bibcode
3508:mailto:
3504:ircs://
3484:http://
3367:usurped
3267:. Use
2924:unless
2875:unless
2831:version
2815:edition
2642:company
2640:is the
2597:ymd-all
2591:mdy-all
2585:dmy-all
2485:CITEREF
2398:updated
2394:created
2313:chapter
2159:website
2143:journal
2123:italics
2057:ISO 639
1972:|
1963:newline
1896:italics
1645:authors
1500:author1
1486:surname
1471:display
1421:MOS:HON
1353:author1
1337:surname
1315:Authors
734:parent2
702:parent2
444:reports
362:medRxiv
164:bioRxiv
81:sandbox
48:history
6336:pages.
6201:Refref
6029:Comics
5665:theses
5044:editor
5003:editor
4999:-given
4995:editor
4984:-first
4980:editor
4972:editor
4957:editor
4882:editor
4872:editor
4820:hyphen
4763:hyphen
4590:>))
4572:, and
4419:PubMed
4193:hyphen
4040:hyphen
3809:eprint
3766:122967
3764:
3640:Anchor
3542:space
3500:irc://
3492:ftp://
3446:format
3375:domain
3095:; use
3093:Amazon
3048:, see
3033:verse.
2998:passim
2943:hyphen
2884:hyphen
2847:series
2839:volume
2827:series
2496:|date=
2470:|date=
2286:column
2276:volume
2252:number
2161:. Use
2043:medium
1849:others
1835:author
1772:-first
1557:author
1504:author
1482:given1
1432:first1
1405:given1
1401:first1
1359:author
1341:author
726:child2
719:parent
715:parent
706:parent
696:parent
687:Syntax
543:theses
511:papers
201:papers
6293:from
6274:COinS
6235:Tools
5441:books
5378:quote
5086:first
5066:&
5064:, or
5048:-link
4961:-last
4699:quote
4681:quote
4673:quote
4667:Quote
4603:param
4588:value
4584:param
4519:S2CID
4507:s2cid
4481:below
4477:valid
4258:JSTOR
4250:JSTOR
4246:jstor
4216:below
4212:valid
4151:below
4147:valid
4101:(See
4063:below
4059:valid
4052:EISSN
4032:eissn
4014:below
4010:valid
3790:arXiv
3786:arxiv
3671:">
3661:(the
3554:>
3551:<
3512:news:
3454:title
3334:unfit
3187:(see
3176:(see
3071:title
3067:title
3026:, or
2978:, or
2968:no-pp
2910:pages
2843:title
2779:from
2753:. If
2721:place
2713:place
2703:, or
2701:place
2672:place
2666:title
2534:of a
2522:. As
2307:title
2290:title
2248:issue
2025:title
1987:{{!}}
1977:space
1943:title
1922:title
1904:title
1898:. If
1888:title
1873:Title
1841:, or
1823:-link
1774:, or
1764:-last
1599:first
1579:&
1577:, or
1561:-link
1498:, or
1493:given
1454:first
1443:first
1428:last1
1397:given
1377:first
1345:last1
1293:=
1285:=
1277:=
1262:Note
1232:Date
813:Usage
798:, or
757:COinS
751:COinS
730:child
711:child
646:purge
630:Usage
614:This
113:arXiv
54:]
52:purge
38:[
6357:The
6340:/doc
6332:edit
6325:and
6321:diff
6317:edit
6301:edit
5553:maps
5294:name
5263:name
5261:<
5255:name
5253:<
5247:name
5245:<
5231:name
5229:<
5162:mode
5139:Use
5120:and
5082:last
5074:vanc
4775:OR:
4624:and
4610:For
4543:use
4501:SSRN
4489:ssrn
4434:PMID
4415:pmid
4387:pmid
4363:OSTI
4351:osti
4327:OCLC
4308:oclc
4284:LCCN
4264:lccn
4205:ISSN
4185:issn
4179:ISMN
4159:ismn
4123:ISBN
4105:and
4089:isbn
3979:for
3961:for
3949:for
3835:ASIN
3827:isbn
3823:asin
3815:asin
3744:: A
3726:See
3707:harv
3702:and
3688:and
3627:See
3604:%7D
3516:IPv6
3510:and
3486:and
3470:See
3458:type
3436:See
3422:See
3346:page
3303:live
3290:dead
3227:and
3197:and
3182:and
3145:and
3050:here
3040:and
3036:For
3006:OR:
2980:true
2908:OR:
2861:page
2845:and
2767:date
2759:year
2757:(or
2755:date
2743:year
2741:(or
2739:date
2711:and
2658:work
2615:See
2512:year
2510:(or
2508:date
2494:The
2474:both
2462:year
2416:and
2362:year
2335:date
2322:Date
2301:work
2211:work
2177:work
2131:work
2113:and
2103:work
2091:lang
2039:none
2035:type
1839:last
1652:last
1630:and
1595:last
1587:vanc
1461:last
1436:last
1413:last
1409:last
1365:and
1329:last
1321:last
1259:Date
781:not
775:use
765:See
724:OR:
700:OR:
622:for
509:SSRN
345:maps
44:edit
40:view
6289:is
6019:LSA
5070:and
5058:amp
4993:or
4970:or
4902:or
4898:or
4801:pp.
4795:or
4787:or
4746:or
4734:or
4644:).
4636:or
4549:ZBL
4525:zbl
4470:SBN
4458:sbn
4452:RFC
4440:rfc
4428:pmc
4407:pmc
4403:pmc
4393:PMC
4369:pmc
4278:or
4274:or
4240:JFM
4224:jfm
4175:any
4118:any
4114:sbn
4083:HDL
4071:hdl
4003:DOI
3999:10.
3987:doi
3953:or
3777:or
3762:NCJ
3718:not
3697:sfn
3663:id=
3646:ref
3601:%7C
3598:%7B
3595:%5D
3592:%5B
3589:%3E
3586:%3C
3583:%27
3580:%22
3577:%20
3531:%20
3450:url
3377:in
3356:or
3262:and
3259:url
3249:or
3199:url
3115:url
3111:url
3099:or
3077:or
3063:url
3057:URL
3014:or
2994:or
2988:pp.
2986:or
2972:yes
2922:pp.
2916:or
2897:to
2867:or
2829:or
2785:via
2783:).
2773:via
2723:or
2715:or
2650:not
2579:ymd
2573:mdy
2567:dmy
2542:or
2518:or
2448:or
2424:,
2412::
2396:or
2373:c.
2366:ref
2364:or
2356:sfn
2268:and
2262:or
2213:or
1892:url
1864:or
1583:and
1571:amp
1387:or
1383:or
70:Lua
6373::
6297:.
5336::
5280:,
5220::
5060:,
5050:).
5001:;
4986:,
4978:;
4963:,
4948:,
4937:,
4926:,
4922:,
4918:,
4914:,
4878:.
4874:,
4870:,
4866:,
4862:,
4858:,
4854:,
4752:p.
4742:,
4691:.
4568:,
4564:,
4560:,
4527::
4509::
4491::
4472:.
4460::
4442::
4417::
4395:.
4371::
4353::
4345:OL
4335::
4333:ol
4310::
4302:MR
4292::
4290:mr
4266::
4248::
4226::
4207:.
4187::
4169:.
4161::
4125:.
4109:.)
4099:.
4091::
4073::
4054:.
4034::
4005:.
3989::
3971::
3957:;
3941::
3927::
3917:uk
3915:,
3913:tr
3911:,
3909:sg
3907:,
3905:se
3903:,
3901:sa
3899:,
3897:pl
3895:,
3893:nl
3891:,
3889:mx
3887:,
3885:jp
3883:,
3881:it
3879:,
3877:in
3875:,
3873:fr
3871:,
3869:es
3867:,
3865:de
3863:,
3861:cn
3859:,
3857:ca
3855:,
3853:br
3851:,
3849:au
3847:,
3845:ae
3837:.
3817::
3788::
3781:.
3742:id
3677:ID
3669:ID
3658:ID
3652:ID
3618:^
3569:}
3566:|
3563:{
3560:]
3557:[
3548:'
3545:"
3506:,
3502:,
3498:,
3494:,
3482:.
3434::
3283:.
3209:.
3083:.
3022:,
3008:at
2984:p.
2974:,
2964:.
2962:pp
2928:.
2873:p.
2699:,
2691:,
2644:,
2561:df
2432:,
2428:,
2237:.
2233:,
2229:,
2225:,
2221:,
2199:,
2195:,
2191:,
2187:,
2157:,
2153:,
2149:,
2145:,
2075:.
2071:;
2067:;
2063:;
2005:–
1914:.
1882:.)
1837:,
1795:,
1766:,
1754:,
1725:,
1714:,
1703:,
1699:,
1685:.
1677:,
1673:,
1669:,
1573:,
1533:,
1529:,
1491:,
1480:,
1441:,
1430:,
1403:,
1399:,
1355:.
1351:,
1347:,
1343:,
1339:,
1295:,
1287:,
1279:/
1208:,
1204:,
1200:,
1196:,
1192:,
1188:,
1184:,
1180:,
1176:,
1172:,
1168:,
1164:,
1160:,
1156:,
1152:,
1148:,
1144:,
1140:,
1136:,
1132:,
1128:,
1124:,
1110:,
1106:,
1102:,
1098:,
1094:,
1090:,
1086:,
1082:,
1078:,
1069:,
1065:,
1061:,
1057:,
1053:,
1049:,
1045:,
1041:,
1037:,
1033:,
1029:,
1025:,
1021:,
1017:,
1013:,
1004:,
1000:,
996:,
987:,
973:,
969:,
965:,
961:,
952:,
948:,
939:,
930:,
926:,
917:,
913:,
904:,
900:,
891:,
887:,
883:,
879:,
875:,
871:,
867:,
863:,
859:,
850:,
846:,
842:,
838:,
834:,
830:,
826:,
822:,
794:,
626:.
72::
6346:.
6334:)
6330:(
6323:)
6315:(
6307:)
6299:(
5896:e
5889:t
5882:v
5407:e
5400:t
5393:v
5362:.
5330::
5324::
5318::
5312::
5306::
5296:.
5288:n
5241:n
5237:n
5214::
5208::
5202::
5196::
5190::
5184:.
5178:,
5170:.
5124:n
5117:n
5084:/
5046:n
5039:n
5028:.
5018:.
5005:n
4997:n
4990:n
4982:n
4974:n
4967:n
4959:n
4952:n
4945:n
4930:.
4888:.
4556:(
4551:.
4521:.
4503:.
4483:.
4454:.
4436:.
4365:.
4347:.
4329:.
4304:.
4286:.
4260:.
4242:.
4218:.
4181:.
4153:.
4085:.
4065:.
4016:.
3811:.
3730:.
3631:.
3239:.
3191:)
3180:)
3161:.
3089:.
3052:.
3030:.
3001:.
2976:y
2905:.
2903:p
2668:.
2619:.
2418:2
2379:.
2343:.
2330:.
2278:.
2203:.
2045:.
1969:]
1966:[
1855:.
1825:.
1821:n
1810:n
1799:.
1785:.
1782:n
1770:n
1762:n
1747:n
1740:n
1734:n
1729:n
1722:n
1707:.
1654:.
1597:/
1563:.
1559:n
1548:n
1537:.
1519:.
1506:n
1495:n
1488:n
1463:n
1456:n
1450:n
1445:n
1438:n
1423:.
1291:n
1283:n
1275:n
769:.
603:e
596:t
589:v
83:)
79:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.