21:
2465:(e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes
2483:, the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias:
2067:: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keyword
52:
2142:: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher.
2858:: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See
840:
Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all
Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A
2654:
fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold. In rare cases, publications carry
3754:
Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information –
4198:
In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums. These would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers
2109:. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of
3253:
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
3415:
The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g.
4801:
will be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as
627:, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then
4714:); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation use
3759:. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without
4873:
Controls the number of author (or other kind of contributor) names that are displayed. By default, all authors are displayed. To change the displayed number of names, set the parameter to the desired number. For example,
3763:
additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
2600:) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution.
2368:: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:
3755:
usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use
4418:: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor. Supports
655:{{cite speech |title=Economic Isolationism Isn't an Option |first=Mike |last=Eskew |author-link= |event=Executive Speeches |location=Washington, D.C. |date=December 30, 2004 |url= |access-date= }}
4318:: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. If
820:
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
4340:: Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
1950:: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in
3055:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the
2500:. Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one of
590:
3037:– Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in
4906:
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message.
6141:
5874:
5869:
1391:: this parameter is used to hold the name of an organizational author (e.g. a committee) or the complete name (first and last) of a single person; for the latter, prefer the use of
2113:. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form, e.g.
2289:
3038:
670:{{cite speech |title=Title |author=First Last |author-link=First Last |date=April 1, 2000 |location=Location |url=http://www.example.org |access-date=October 12, 2006 }}
5702:
3111:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)
3063:; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)
5864:
5595:
565:
2106:
5659:
3324:
3024:
no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities, such as vice, reseller and advertising sites; links to
5935:
3872:
6096:
4785:
to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with
3041:
when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.
3997:
583:
6081:
3820:
additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases:
2418:
Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates.
6069:
36:
4818:
or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g.
5714:
5920:
5788:
5170:
5692:
4235:). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.
6108:
6065:
576:
32:
5879:
2622:: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so
6024:
5652:
3332:
2820:
1680:
Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of
5614:
3461:
2110:
6006:
5925:
3831:
3678:
2492:: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example,
3268:
Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD.
776:
Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
6151:
6146:
5750:
5590:
3805:
2197:
The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a
6051:
5793:
3910:
3816:
or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without
3735:
558:
40:
4683:
If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."
3785: – if you are unsure of how any particular ISBN should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher.
5687:
5645:
5930:
4271:
are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for
3392:
2797:
2157:
target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate
2716:
is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.
5884:
4361:: English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.
4135:
497:
5798:
3165:
6091:
5859:
5846:
5163:
2746:
to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
2165:
links to multiple works by the same author in the same year, unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case,
5836:
5740:
5783:
5778:
790:
5697:
3472:. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example
1821:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
645:{{cite speech |last= |first= |author-link= |title= |event= |date= |location= |publisher= |url= |access-date= |language=}}
6076:
5538:
4936:
4698:: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For
128:
5826:
5813:
5745:
5730:
4878:
will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other kinds of contributors).
5352:
3103:.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change the
409:
69:
5760:
5709:
4303:
3328:
1895:
619:
Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as
5628:
5296:
5240:
2638:: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal, where the issue numbering has restarted.
1971:: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after
310:
230:
5682:
5668:
5408:
5156:
4558:: title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
3633:
1898:
styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
1555:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:
508:
4932:
4924:
3681:
for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
6104:
6059:
5831:
5212:
4803:
3104:
3056:
2831:
2284:
2154:
1891:
699:{{cite speech |last=Last |first=First |title=Title |date=April 1, 2000 |event=Event |location=Location }}
198:
28:
1986:
Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
5483:
5338:
5254:
4680:
If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
377:
262:
179:
5527:
5282:
5226:
4928:
2873:
2865:
2791:
2783:
2350:
2342:
2256:
2248:
2085:: The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either the
294:
214:
112:
3000:
2729:
841:
full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the
5900:
5773:
5768:
5560:
5549:
5494:
5472:
5268:
5179:
4635:
4419:
4345:
4257:
4239:
4220:
3370:
3114:
3066:
2655:
both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.
2222:
2218:
2145:
1955:
1909:
1712:
1644:
1400:
604:
393:
342:
278:
246:
144:
82:
4380:
instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in
Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use
3168:
contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be
2996:
2287:
target multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. (This situation necessitates a
5571:
5422:
5366:
4104:
4086:
3936:
3775:
2772:. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note that
524:
441:
425:
2769:
2768:
is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see
1875:
listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
5905:
5461:
3623:
1881:: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write
801:
As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
93:
65:
3450:(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases:
3029:
3004:
5954:
5915:
5505:
5380:
5324:
5198:
4677:
to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.
3408:
2913:
2303:
format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)
489:
457:
361:
163:
6042:
4327:
1937:
796:
676:
3913:. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example
2225:
templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as
6055:
5987:
5735:
5436:
5310:
4263:, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when
4173:
3388:
1357:
instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use
540:
326:
4706:); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For
3745:
3363:
be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set
2374:– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;
608:
5976:
5910:
5803:
4809:
4153:
3404:
2815:
2735:
2132:
2026:
3108:
3060:
58:
6123:
5965:
4631:
4611:
4019:
3169:
2776:
is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See
2512:
is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if
1640:
1620:
5821:
4606:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to
4302:) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a
4015:
1615:, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to
6135:
3961:
3717:
3593:
3349:
3271:
2995:
are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead
2826:
2811:
2421:
2032:
3391:, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use an
3291:: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set,
2207:
date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01
5854:
3979:
3399:
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as
3339:
2683:: Time the event occurs in the source; preceded by default text "Event occurs at".
2331:
does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by
2293:
2160:
2848:) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias:
2596:, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g.
3157:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided.
6016:
3954:
2756:
was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires
1399:. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Supports
1920:: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Knowledge (XXG) article or
4882:
is a special case suppressing the display of all authors including the et al.
4602:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to
3122:
2038:
1611:, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to
3720:
identifier for digital objects and other resources on the
Internet; example
3615:
3605:
2973:
is still 'live' but no-longer supports the text in a
Knowledge (XXG) article
2542:: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. If
2442:
2273:
parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the
187:
2723:?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
2311:: Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after the
2119:
at a French-language wiki instead of the
English word "Spanish". Aliases:
15:
3486:: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
3435:
2760:; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.
2626:
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.
1403:. Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata.
4894:: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (
4352:... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...
3958:
2597:
2480:
2071:
can be used to disable the display of a type. Defaults to Speech. Alias:
1962:... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
1446:
5637:
2987:
links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, or other unsuitable
2554:
displays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, following
2469:
newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after
3813:
3585:
3571:
2708:: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by
2646:: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the
2392:– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;
2086:
1766:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each
1450:
1445:
is empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance with
350:
152:
4542:). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use
3371:
Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for
Harvard referencing templates
2131:"Knowledge (XXG):Undated" redirects here. For undated signatures, see
2053:: Title of existing Knowledge (XXG) article about the source named in
1539:. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use
832:, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.
4061:
3835:
3682:
2574:. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink.
3669:. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
2814:
snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as
5148:
1482:
is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each
6038:
4886:
displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none.
3892:
3432:
786:
101:
3597:
3080:
4758:
4306:
to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
3839:
3834:; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a
3749:
3686:
3624:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341
3158:
2676:: Time the event occurs in the source; followed by "minutes in".
5641:
5152:
4428:: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example:
3618:
id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g.
2089:
language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples:
1924:
may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in
4344:(if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of the
3574:; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example:
2453:
or other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. Do
46:
814:|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
3176:. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
4590:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to
3781:
template within the parameter – in the form
3665:: Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive at
3107:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include
3059:(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not include
1599:: accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set to
4702:, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (
3355:
templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair
3095:; for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after
3028:
are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at
2728:
For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see
2261:
template. See those templates' documentation for details.
1721:: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use
2532:
is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and
680:
2441:: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The
1863:: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires
6085:
4223:
which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as
3359:
has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should
629:
4073:
parameter, above; these are two different identifiers.
3982:
identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example
2319:). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example:
4642:|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
4032:
parameter, below; these are two different identifiers
2762:
Not required for linked documents that do not change.
2404:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
2386:– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
1651:|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
1643:; enclose corporate or institutional author names in
4238:
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the
3039:
Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown
1504:
parameters to change how many authors are displayed.
6015:
5999:
5944:
5893:
5845:
5812:
5759:
5723:
5675:
5604:
5583:
5517:
5451:
5186:
4384:to include the same format as the source. Aliases:
4118:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3853:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3788:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3700:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3651:Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicate
3641:
3327:, especially useful with short-form citations like
2734:Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as
2296:, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)
724:Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
552:
536:
520:
504:
485:
469:
453:
437:
421:
405:
389:
373:
357:
338:
322:
306:
290:
274:
258:
242:
226:
210:
194:
175:
159:
140:
124:
108:
89:
3666:
3594:http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733
1353:: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use
3335:. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with
845:section near the top of this documentation page.
4290:It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link
4048:goes live; if this date is in the future, then
3323:identifies the template as a target and allows
1954:(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the
1409:: Given or first names of author; for example:
6142:Templates based on the Citation/CS1 Lua module
4634:; enclose corporate or institutional names in
4348:to help browsers properly display the script:
4294:to a link also produced by an identifier. The
4283:) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (
4052:is not linked until that date. Aliases: none.
3998:Office of Scientific and Technical Information
1958:to help browsers properly display the script:
836:COinS metadata is created for these parameters
664:(Speech). Executive Speeches. Washington, D.C.
5653:
5164:
4757:Replaces the name of the (first) author with
3877:; do not include "JFM" in the value; example
3873:Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik
2173:is required to disambiguate the link targets.
1691:: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use
584:
8:
4950:
4171:
3870:
3133:will be supported by all browsers; however,
3081:Access indicators for url-holding parameters
2689:: Changes the default text displayed before
2114:
2057:– do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
81:
4943:in articles based on its TemplateData.
4898:); for no terminating punctuation, specify
3172:. For example, a space must be replaced by
2859:
2777:
2752:: Full date when the content pointed to by
1910:Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters
1449:and use honorifics only in accordance with
6124:pipe trick does not work inside references
6075:Editors can experiment in this template's
5660:
5646:
5638:
5596:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates
5171:
5157:
5149:
4956:
4630:: comma separated list of editor names in
3640:. It is checked to ensure it begins with (
2608:parameters to display access restrictions.
1780:, but not the other way around). Aliases:
1639:: comma-separated list of author names in
591:
577:
4376:: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use
3606:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
3091:: File format of the work referred to by
3051:: File format of the work referred to by
2862:above for details about interaction with
2821:Knowledge (XXG):Using the Wayback Machine
2780:above for details about interaction with
2550:) is also defined and is different, then
2269:: Year of publication. The more flexible
2107:See the list of supported codes and names
4661:may be used for the individual names in
3704:eISSNs using a non-standard format, see
3178:
3161:host-names are currently not supported.
2321:|orig-date=First published 1859
2245:in the style specified by the article's
1989:
1664:may be used for the individual names in
1276:
1249:
6126:, so be sure to insert a full wikilink.
6115:
3857:ISSNs using a non-standard format, see
3792:ISBNs using a non-standard format, see
3258:
2888:: A control parameter to select one of
2603:
2411:
630:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4883:
4879:
4875:
4819:
4707:
4699:
4662:
4641:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4299:
4295:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4275:to manually select a specific source (
4272:
4268:
4264:
4243:
4224:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4122:SBNs using a non-standard format, see
3655:DOIs using a non-standard format, see
3400:
3396:
3364:
3356:
3317:
3292:
3264:
3262:
3025:
3021:
3013:
2992:
2984:
2980:
2970:
2966:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2940:
2936:
2923:
2919:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2845:
2743:
2739:
2623:
2356:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2300:
2274:
2270:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2192:
2181:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
1665:
1650:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1396:
1392:
1362:
1326:
1318:
1310:
1302:
1297:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
983:
979:
975:
970:
966:
961:
957:
953:
948:
944:
940:
935:
931:
927:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
813:
807:
789:metadata in the HTML output, allowing
639:Common parameters in horizontal format
624:
620:
80:
5921:Converting between references formats
5234:short, stand-alone, offline documents
4026:. Do not include "PMC" in the value.
4022:full-text of a journal article, e.g.
3462:Amazon Standard Identification Number
2398:– as above for month day, year format
2380:– as above for month day, year format
2335:(or, if it exists in the article, by
2281:of the following conditions are met:
2111:Category:CS1 foreign language sources
2103:|language=French, Portuguese
662:Economic Isolationism Isn't an Option
611:for published or broadcast speeches.
222:short, stand-alone, offline documents
7:
4963:This template has custom formatting.
4937:See a monthly parameter usage report
4806:. Do not use in a list generated by
3832:International Standard Serial Number
3679:International Standard Serial Number
2580:: Name of the content deliverer (if
2205:date; a comment for editors such as
2176:For approximate year, precede with "
2039:Help:Table § Rendering the pipe
1278:Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters
793:to retrieve bibliographic metadata.
548:web sources not covered by the above
5936:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC
5875:Referencing without using templates
5870:Referencing with citation templates
4815:
3957:for looking up publications in the
3806:International Standard Music Number
3783:|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}}
3309:
3298:generates an anchor with the given
2668:: Event where the speech was given.
4826:) to apply the mask to a specific
4793:—in this case, the value of
3911:Library of Congress Control Number
3736:International Standard Book Number
2146:Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates
1832:OR: for multiple translators, use
1740:OR: for multiple translators, use
1499:
566:Citation Style 1 wrapper templates
14:
4064:; use unique identifier; example
3121:URLs must begin with a supported
2325:|orig-date=Composed 1904
2144:For acceptable date formats, see
1496:, but not the other way around).
1441:; first name will not display if
660:Eskew, Mike (December 30, 2004).
4710:, element separator is a comma (
4638:. End with etal if appropriate:
3446:(April 2007 – December 2014) or
2712:can be found. Cannot be used if
1647:. End with etal if appropriate:
808:|date=27 September 2007
50:
19:
5926:Reference display customization
4182:For zbMATH search results like
4136:Social Science Research Network
3895:reference number; for example:
3588:id, as in the entire DOI (e.g.
2462:
2191:For no date, or "undated", use
1940:(if available) of the title in
4884:|display-authors=etal
4565:OR: for multiple editors, use
4467:OR: for multiple editors, use
4330:(if available) of the text in
3598:https://doi.org/10.1101/078733
3325:wikilinking to full references
2956:is preemptively archived with
2800:by registered editors. Alias:
1570:OR: for multiple authors, use
1456:OR: for multiple authors, use
1251:Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters
899:|script-contribution=
654:
1:
5693:Biographies of living persons
4420:accept-this-as-written markup
4221:accept-this-as-written markup
2355:template), or as used in the
1713:accept-this-as-written markup
1401:accept-this-as-written markup
791:reference management software
705:Last, First (April 1, 2000).
623:have upper-case aliases like
5629:Citation Style 1 noticeboard
5615:Citation Style documentation
4946:TemplateData for Cite speech
4816:<references />
3395:as applicable. For example,
3308:attribute in the citation's
3166:citation template parameters
2844:. By default (overridden by
2461:parameter for the name of a
1361:or one of its aliases (e.g.
941:|publication-place=
6045:for background information.
5931:References and page numbers
5865:Introduction to referencing
5669:Knowledge (XXG) referencing
4880:|display-authors=0
4876:|display-authors=2
4544:|editor-first1=...
4068:
4027:
3743:
3401:|id={{NCJ|122967}}
3368:
3269:
3112:
3078:
3064:
3003:. Bot help is available at
2929:Accepts multiple keywords:
2860:"Automatic date formatting"
2829:
2818:
2778:"Automatic date formatting"
2727:
2601:
2419:
2231:|publication-date=
2143:
2036:
1907:
1497:
1032:|contribution-url=
962:|publication-date=
794:
607:template is used to create
6168:
6152:Citation Style 1 templates
6147:Templates generating COinS
6049:
5880:Referencing dos and don'ts
5591:Citation Style 1 templates
4927:for this template used by
4547:|editor-last1=...
4123:
3858:
3793:
3705:
3656:
2939:omitted or empty) selects
2935:– (default condition when
2479:: For news stories with a
2130:
1267:none deprecated at present
1061:|author#-surname=
1057:|author-surname#=
842:
709:(Speech). Event. Location.
6109:Subpages of this template
6025:Parenthetical referencing
5860:Citations quick reference
5827:Punctuation and footnotes
5626:
4969:
4900:|postscript=none
4622:forms of name parameters.
4285:|title-link=none
4172:
4018:; use article number for
3634:Digital object identifier
3602:10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
3333:parenthetical referencing
3216:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3099:. (For media format, use
2846:|url-status=live
2592:is not a replacement for
2536:is shown after the title.
2215:Automatic date formatting
2025:
1979:parameter is recommended.
1896:parenthetical referencing
1883:Illustrated by John Smith
1773:requires a corresponding
1631:forms of name parameters.
1489:requires a corresponding
1053:|author-surname=
923:|script-section=
915:|script-article=
891:|script-chapter=
572:
559:Specific-source templates
6060:Template:Cite speech/doc
6043:COinS in Knowledge (XXG)
5779:Citation Style Vancouver
4346:supported language codes
4281:|title-link=doi
4277:|title-link=pmc
4242:using the corresponding
3464:; if first character of
2832:Help:Using archive.today
2095:|lang=fr, pt-br
1956:supported language codes
1126:|author#-given=
1122:|author-given#=
1114:|author#-first=
1110:|author-first#=
878:|encyclopaedia=
761:—may be used instead of
737:—may be used instead of
6037:This template produces
6007:Knowledge (XXG) Library
5676:Policies and guidelines
4614:when the lists use the
4610:displays name lists in
3442:(before April 2007) or
3397:|id=NCJ 122967
2614:Edition, series, volume
2239:|archive-date=
1623:when the lists use the
1619:displays name lists in
1118:|author-given=
1106:|author-first=
1049:|author#-last=
1045:|author-last#=
932:|script-title=
907:|script-entry=
895:|contribution=
874:|encyclopedia=
6103:Add categories to the
5945:Template documentation
5885:Citing Knowledge (XXG)
3871:
3468:value is a digit, use
3393:external link template
3014:|archive-url=
2981:|archive-url=
2967:|archive-url=
2958:|archive-url=
2941:|archive-url=
2924:|archive-url=
2894:|archive-url=
2235:|access-date=
2182:|date=c. 1900
2115:
2099:|lang=Russian
1041:|author-last=
1036:|section-url=
1028:|chapter-url=
1019:|institution=
1005:|quote-pages=
449:audio or video serials
302:magazines, periodicals
120:audio and visual media
24:Template documentation
4908:|postscript=
4904:|postscript=
4550:|editor2=...
4438:Dr. Firstname M., Sr.
4300:|title-link=
4273:|title-link=
4269:|title-link=
3440:|arxiv=hep-th/9205027
2937:|url-status=
2624:|edition=2nd
2091:|language=ru
1547:|author2=...
1363:|author=Bono
1256:Deprecated parameter
1204:|message-id=
1001:|quote-page=
936:|book-title=
882:|dictionary=
850:|periodical=
797:Knowledge (XXG):COinS
785:This template embeds
5715:Scientific citations
5688:No original research
5304:public mailing lists
4941:Template:Cite speech
4856:display-interviewers
4844:display-contributors
4777:em spaces wide; set
4665:, as described above
4440:Do not wikilink—use
4430:Firstname Middlename
4219:) support a special
4105:Standard Book Number
4087:Request for Comments
3937:Mathematical Reviews
3842:or a space; example
3750:ISBN § Overview
3746:Knowledge (XXG):ISBN
3689:or a space; example
3638:10.1038/news070508-7
2337:|cs1-dates=
2329:|orig-date=
2243:|orig-date=
1541:|first1=...
1421:Do not wikilink—use
1411:Firstname Middlename
1164:|citeseerx=
1015:|publisher=
858:|newspaper=
318:public mailing lists
254:radio or TV episodes
136:AV media liner notes
57:This template uses
5832:Shortened footnotes
5539:Cite AV media notes
5518:Audiovisual-related
5374:unpublished reports
5147:
4966:
4959:Template parameters
4868:display-translators
4804:shortened footnotes
4769:to a numeric value
4663:|veditors=
4636:doubled parentheses
4156:corpus ID; example
3576:1974AJ.....79..819H
3316:HTML tag). Setting
3115:Using |format=
3067:Using |format=
2660:In-source locations
2285:Shortened footnotes
2241:, etc.) except for
2193:|date=n.d.
2155:Shortened footnotes
1892:shortened footnotes
1725:instead. Aliases:
1695:instead. Aliases:
1666:|vauthors=
1645:doubled parentheses
1544:|last1=...
1327:|vauthors=
1279:
1252:
1093:|subject#=
1077:|surname#=
949:|location=
862:|magazine=
765:(and is ignored if
750:(and is ignored if
129:Cite AV media notes
86:
66:Module:Citation/CS1
5847:Help for beginners
5799:Citation templates
5751:Referencing styles
5452:Preprint templates
5353:Cite press release
5248:edited collections
4957:
4955:
4708:|mode=cs2
4700:|mode=cs1
4444:instead. Aliases:
3626:). Aliases: none.
3608:). Aliases: none.
3365:|ref=none
3357:|ref=harv
3105:external link icon
3057:external link icon
2566:) is not defined,
2524:are defined, then
2498:The Times of India
2467:The New York Times
2359:parameter. Alias:
2277:parameter, unless
1697:translator-surname
1668:as described above
1425:instead. Aliases:
1298:|authors=
1277:
1250:
1160:|biorxiv=
1156:|bibcode=
1089:|subject=
1085:|author#=
1073:|surname=
1010:|edition=
971:|version=
919:|section=
911:|article=
887:|chapter=
870:|website=
854:|journal=
746:—may be used with
685:(Speech). Location
410:Cite press release
238:edited collections
171:books and chapters
6033:
6032:
5837:Nesting footnotes
5741:Combining sources
5635:
5634:
5416:technical reports
5346:online newsgroups
5297:Cite mailing list
5276:academic journals
5241:Cite encyclopedia
5220:conference papers
5146:
5145:
4982:
4951:
4935:and other tools.
4174:Zentralblatt MATH
3810:979-0-9016791-7-7
3740:978-0-8126-9593-9
3578:. Aliases: none.
3562:. Aliases: none.
3448:|arxiv=1501.00001
3389:unique identifier
3367:. Aliases: none.
3310:<cite id="
3251:
3250:
2922:when there is no
2534:publication-place
2514:publication-place
2502:publication-place
2490:publication-place
2045:
2044:
1890:Note: When using
1786:translator1-first
1746:translator-first1
1735:translator-first1
1731:translator1-first
1337:
1336:
1283:Removed parameter
1275:
1274:
1176:|eprint=
1147:|degree=
1142:|given#=
1134:|first#=
1081:|author=
984:|number=
976:|volume=
967:|series=
679:(April 1, 2000).
601:
600:
516:technical reports
385:online newsgroups
311:Cite mailing list
286:academic journals
231:Cite encyclopedia
206:conference papers
79:
78:
6159:
6127:
6120:
6100:
6089:
6073:
5992:
5986:
5981:
5975:
5970:
5964:
5959:
5953:
5901:Cite link labels
5814:Inline citations
5804:Reflist template
5774:Citation Style 2
5769:Citation Style 1
5698:Reliable sources
5662:
5655:
5648:
5639:
5619:
5613:
5576:
5570:
5565:
5559:
5554:
5548:
5543:
5537:
5532:
5526:
5510:
5504:
5499:
5493:
5488:
5482:
5477:
5471:
5466:
5460:
5441:
5435:
5427:
5421:
5413:
5409:Cite tech report
5407:
5399:
5393:
5385:
5379:
5371:
5365:
5357:
5351:
5343:
5337:
5329:
5323:
5315:
5309:
5301:
5295:
5287:
5281:
5273:
5267:
5259:
5253:
5245:
5239:
5231:
5225:
5217:
5211:
5203:
5197:
5180:Citation Style 1
5173:
5166:
5159:
5150:
5129:
5106:
5083:
5060:
5037:
5014:
4991:
4983:
4967:
4964:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4862:display-subjects
4825:
4817:
4813:
4773:to set the dash
4740:interviewer-mask
4728:contributor-mask
4713:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4664:
4643:
4621:
4617:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4353:
4322:is defined, use
4304:convenience link
4301:
4297:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4262:
4256:
4249:
4248:>-access=
4234:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4205:|eissn=
4202:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4159:
4154:Semantic Scholar
4141:
4110:
4109:|sbn=356-02201-3
4092:
4074:
4067:
4042:pmc-embargo-date
4033:
4025:
4003:
3985:
3967:
3942:
3924:
3920:
3919:|lccn=2004042477
3916:
3898:
3880:
3876:
3845:
3811:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3753:
3741:
3723:
3722:|hdl=20.1000/100
3692:
3691:|eissn=1557-2986
3643:
3639:
3621:
3603:
3591:
3577:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3475:
3474:|asin=B00005N5PF
3449:
3445:
3444:|arxiv=0706.0001
3441:
3423:
3419:
3402:
3398:
3374:
3366:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3322:
3315:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3276:
3275:
3266:
3179:
3175:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3117:
3083:
3069:
3036:
3027:
3023:
3016:; used when the
3015:
3011:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2899:
2898:|title=
2895:
2891:
2877:
2869:
2847:
2835:
2824:
2816:Internet Archive
2810:: The URL of an
2798:hidden or styled
2795:
2787:
2745:
2741:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2625:
2609:
2570:is displayed as
2568:publication-date
2552:publication-date
2540:publication-date
2494:The Boston Globe
2426:
2425:
2416:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2358:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2302:
2292:
2276:
2272:
2260:
2252:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2219:Citation Style 1
2216:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2183:
2179:
2164:
2149:
2133:Template:Undated
2118:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2084:
2070:
2041:
2027:{{bracket|text}}
2018:
1990:
1963:
1932:is defined, use
1913:
1845:translator1-link
1834:translator-link1
1827:translator1-link
1823:translator-link1
1782:translator1-last
1768:translator-first
1757:translator-first
1742:translator-last1
1727:translator-given
1719:translator-first
1709:translator-last1
1705:translator1-last
1676:
1667:
1652:
1630:
1626:
1618:
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5339:Cite newsgroup
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4184:JFM 35.0387.02
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1983:
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419:
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417:press releases
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387:
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378:Cite newsgroup
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5528:Cite AV media
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5283:Cite magazine
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2918:to mark dead
2915:
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2887:
2884:
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2874:use mdy dates
2867:
2866:use dmy dates
2861:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2828:
2827:archive.today
2822:
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2809:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2792:use mdy dates
2785:
2784:use dmy dates
2779:
2775:
2771:
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2764:For example,
2763:
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2388:
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2351:use mdy dates
2344:
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2333:|df=
2318:
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2307:
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2294:disambiguator
2291:
2286:
2283:
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2278:
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2265:
2264:
2258:
2257:use mdy dates
2250:
2249:use dmy dates
2224:
2220:
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2209:can be added.
2196:
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2028:
2023:
2022:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1975:. Use of the
1974:
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1861:collaboration
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1678:: deprecated
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1296:
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1271:
1269:
1266:
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1259:Replace with
1258:
1255:
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1245:
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1150:
1145:
1104:
1039:
1022:
1013:
1008:
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369:news articles
368:
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295:Cite magazine
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215:Cite document
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113:Cite AV media
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5525:{{
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5503:{{
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5473:Cite bioRxiv
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4258:cite journal
4255:{{
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3980:Open Library
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2790:{{
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2782:{{
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