Same-sex union legislation - Knowledge (XXG)

(Redirected from Same-sex marriage legislation around the world)

Same-sex marriage is legal in the following countries: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Uruguay.

Same-sex marriage is recognized, but not performed, in Israel and Namibia. Furthermore, same-sex marriages performed in the Netherlands are recognized in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Whether same-sex couples should be allowed to marry has been and remains the topic of debate worldwide. 32 countries and four jurisdictions worldwide have passed constitutional amendments that explicitly prohibit the legal recognition of same-sex marriage and sometimes other forms of legal unions as well. Sixteen countries and 34 jurisdictions worldwide have authorized civil unions or unregistered cohabitation for same-sex couples as an alternative to marriage. The legal name of those unions as well as the number of rights that they provide can vary greatly.

Legislative efforts to recognise same-sex unions

National level

The first legislation of unregistered cohabitation was introduced in the Netherlands in June 1979. However, the first substantial recognition of same-sex couples did not occur before the introduction of a new legal form, that of registered partnerships, which was first enacted in Denmark in June 1989. Many countries have followed with similar legislation since then. Legislation of these forms of legal unions still occur with a variety of different names, even after the introduction of same sex marriage, although sometimes they are overwritten by subsequent legislation of same-sex marriage.

There are currently 11 countries that have an alternative form of legal recognition other than marriage on a national level. Those are Bolivia, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Montenegro and San Marino.

As of 20 September 2024, legislation to allow an alternative form of legal recognition of same-sex couples other than marriage is pending, or has passed at least one legislative house on a national level in Kosovo and Poland.

As of 20 September 2024, same-sex marriage has been legal (nationwide or in some parts) in Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uruguay.

As of 20 September 2024, legislation to allow same-sex marriage is being considered in at least one legislative house on a national level in Italy and Japan.

Country	Date	Same-sex union	Upper house		Lower house		Head of state	Law enacted?
Country	Date	Same-sex union	Yes	No	Yes	No	Head of state	Law enacted?
Netherlands	June 1979	Unregistered cohabitation	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Netherlands	December 1980	Unregistered cohabitation (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Netherlands	November 1984	Unregistered cohabitation (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Denmark	June 1986	Unregistered cohabitation	—		78	62	Signed	Yes
Sweden	June 1987	Unregistered cohabitation	—		Passed		—	Yes
Denmark	June 1989	Registered partnership	—		71	47	Signed	Yes
Norway	July 1991	Unregistered cohabitation	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Norway	April 1993	Registered partnership	18	16	58	40	Signed	Yes
Sweden	June 1994	Registered partnership	—		171	141	—	Yes
Spain	November 1994	Unregistered cohabitation	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Hungary	May 1996	Unregistered cohabitation	—		207	73	Signed	Yes
Iceland	June 1996	Confirmed cohabitation	—		44	1	Signed	Yes
Slovakia	May 1997	Registered partnership	—		Failed		—	No
Netherlands	July 1997	Registered partnership	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Czech Republic	June 1998	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
France	October 1998	Civil solidarity pact	—	—	Failed		—	No
Belgium	January 1999	Legal cohabitation	39	8	98	10	Signed	Yes
Sweden	March 1999	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		—	Yes
Denmark	June 1999	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—		61	48	Signed	Yes
France	November 1999	Civil Solidarity Pact and Concubinage	Passed		315	249	Signed	Yes
Czech Republic	December 1999	Registered partnership	—	—	69	91	—	No
Slovakia	February 2000	Registered partnership	—		Failed		—	No
Canada	April 2000	Common-law partnership	Passed		174	72	Signed	Yes
Iceland	May 2000	Confirmed cohabitation (expansion: adoption and immigration rights)	—		49	1	Signed	Yes
Netherlands	December 2000	Marriage	49	26	109	33	Signed	Yes
Norway	December 2000	Registered partnership (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Germany	February 2001	Registered life partnership	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Portugal	March 2001	De facto union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New Zealand	April 2001	De facto relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Czech Republic	April 2001	Unregistered cohabitation	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Norway	June 2001	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Finland	September 2001	Registered partnership	—		99	84	Signed	Yes
Czech Republic	October 2001	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
Sweden	June 2002	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		—	Yes
Belgium	February 2003	Marriage	46	15	91	22	Signed	Yes
Denmark	May 2003	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		49	60	—	No
Denmark	May 2003	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		45	60	—	No
Denmark	May 2003	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		43	61	—	No
Denmark	June 2003	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		11	94	—	No
Croatia	July 2003	Unregistered cohabitation	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Luxembourg	May 2004	Free union	—		Failed		—	No
Luxembourg	May 2004	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Luxembourg	July 2004	Partnership	—		33	7	Signed	Yes
Panama	September 2004	Civil union	—		Failed		—	No
Germany	October 2004	Registered life partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Norway	November 2004	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
United Kingdom	November 2004	Civil partnership	251	136	426	49	Signed	Yes
New Zealand	November 2004	De facto relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New Zealand	December 2004	Civil union	—		65	55	Signed	Yes
Czech Republic	February 2005	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
Andorra	March 2005	Stable couple union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Slovenia	March 2005	Registered partnership	—		Failed		—	No
New Zealand	March 2005	Civil union and de facto relationship (expansion)	—		76	43	Signed	Yes
Sweden	June 2005	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		—	Yes
Switzerland	June 2005	Registered partnership	Passed		Passed		—	Yes
Switzerland	June 2005	Registered partnership	Specific referendum (58.04%)				—	Yes
Spain	July 2005	Marriage	Vetoed		183	136	Signed	Yes
Canada	July 2005	Marriage	47	21	158	133	Signed	Yes
Slovenia	July 2005	Partnership	—		44	3	Signed	Yes
Croatia	October 2005	Registered partnership	—		Failed		—	No
Czech Republic	March 2006	Registered partnership	65	14	86	54	Vetoed	Yes
Belgium	May 2006	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	34	33	77	62	Signed	Yes
Spain	May 2006	Marriage (expansion: medically assisted reproduction)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Denmark	June 2006	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Iceland	June 2006	Confirmed cohabitation (expansion)	—		41	0	Signed	Yes
France	June 2006	Civil Solidarity Pact (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
South Africa	November 2006	Marriage and civil partnership	36	11	229	41	Signed	Yes
Portugal	December 2006	De facto union (expansion: immigration rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Finland	December 2006	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Spain	March 2007	Marriage (expansion: automatic co-parenthood)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Colombia	June 2007	Civil union	29	34	62	43	—	No
Hungary	December 2007	Registered partnership	—		185	154	Signed	No
Uruguay	December 2007	Cohabitation union	17	5	Passed		Signed	Yes
Iceland	May 2008	Confirmed cohabitation (expansion)	—		54	0	Signed	Yes
Norway	June 2008	Marriage	23	17	84	41	Signed	Yes
Ecuador	September 2008	De facto union	General constitutional referendum (69.46%)					Yes
Portugal	October 2008	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Portugal	October 2008	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
United Kingdom	November 2008	Civil partnership (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Australia	November 2008	De facto relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Sweden	April 2009	Marriage	—		261	22	—	Yes
Hungary	April 2009	Registered partnership	—		199	159	Signed	Yes
France	May 2009	Recognition of unions performed abroad as PACS	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Finland	May 2009	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—		108	29	Signed	Yes
Denmark	June 2009	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		107	2	Signed	Yes
Portugal	August 2009	De facto union (expansion: inheritance rights)	—		Passed		Vetoed	No
Uruguay	September 2009	Cohabitation union (expansion: adoption rights)	17	6	40	13	Signed	Yes
Austria	December 2009	Registered partnership	44	8	110	64	Signed	Yes
Portugal	January 2010	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Portugal	January 2010	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Portugal	January 2010	Registered civil union	—		Failed		—	No
Australia	February 2010	Marriage	5	45	—	—	—	No
Portugal	May 2010	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Denmark	May 2010	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—		60	54	Signed	Yes
Denmark	June 2010	Marriage	—		52	57	—	No
Iceland	June 2010	Marriage	—		49	0	Signed	Yes
Ireland	July 2010	Civil partnership and unregistered cohabitation	48	4	Passed		Signed	Yes
Argentina	July 2010	Marriage	33	27	126	110	Signed	Yes
Luxembourg	August 2010	Partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Portugal	August 2010	De facto union (expansion: inheritance rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Germany	September 2010	Marriage	Failed		—		—	No
Germany	October 2010	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law)	—		Failed		—	No
Germany	April 2011	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law and adoption rights)	Failed		—		—	No
Liechtenstein	June 2011	Registered partnership	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Liechtenstein	June 2011	Registered partnership	Specific referendum (68.76%)				Signed	Yes
France	June 2011	Marriage	—	—	222	293	—	No
Germany	June 2011	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law)	Failed		—		—	No
Portugal	February 2012	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Failed		—	No
Portugal	February 2012	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Failed		—	No
Slovenia	March 2012	Partnership (expansion)	Specific referendum (45.36%)					No
Israel	May 2012	Marriage	—		11	39	—	No
Denmark	June 2012	Marriage	—		85	24	Signed	Yes
Germany	June 2012	Marriage	—	—	260	309	—	No
San Marino	June 2012	Unregistered cohabitation (only one entitlement)	—		33	20	Signed	Yes
Australia	September 2012	Marriage	—	—	42	98	—	No
Australia	September 2012	Marriage	26	41	—	—	—	No
Germany	October 2012	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law)	—	—	253	288	—	No
Slovakia	November 2012	Registered partnership	—		14	94	—	No
Poland	January 2013	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
Poland	January 2013	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
Poland	January 2013	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
Poland	January 2013	Registered partnership	—	—	Failed		—	No
Poland	January 2013	Partnership agreement	—	—	Failed		—	No
Germany	March 2013	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law)	Passed		—	—	—	No
Germany	March 2013	Marriage	Passed		—	—	—	No
New Zealand	April 2013	Marriage	—		77	44	Signed	Yes
Colombia	April 2013	Marriage	17	51	—	—	—	No
Uruguay	May 2013	Marriage	23	8	71	21	Signed	Yes
Portugal	May 2013	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		77	104	—	No
Portugal	May 2013	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Failed		—	No
Portugal	May 2013	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Failed		—	No
France	May 2013	Marriage	171	165	331	225	Signed	Yes
Australia	June 2013	Recognition of marriage performed abroad	28	44	—	—	—	No
Germany	July 2013	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
United Kingdom (England and Wales)	July 2013	Marriage	Passed		366	161	Signed	Yes
Austria	July 2013	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	45	8	Passed		Signed	Yes
Philippines	October 2013	Registered partnership	—		Failed		—	No
Netherlands	December 2013	Marriage (expansion: automatic co-parenthood)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Portugal	March 2014	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		107	112	—	No
Malta	April 2014	Civil union	—		37	0	Signed	Yes
Belgium	May 2014	Marriage (expansion: automatic co-parenthood)	48	2	114	10	Signed	Yes
Germany	May 2014	Registered life partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—	—	111	432	—	No
Andorra	May 2014	Marriage	—		6	21	—	No
Germany	June 2014	Registered life partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Romania	June 2014	Civil partnership	2	110	4	298	—	No
Luxembourg	June 2014	Marriage	—		56	4	—	Yes
Croatia	July 2014	Life partnership	—		89	16	—	Yes
Germany	July 2014	Registered life partnership (expansion: tax law)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
San Marino	September 2014	Recognition of marriage performed abroad	—		15	35	—	No
Argentina	October 2014	Cohabitation union	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Andorra	December 2014	Civil union	—		20	3	Signed	Yes
Portugal	January 2015	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		89	119	—	No
Portugal	January 2015	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		91	119	—	No
Portugal	January 2015	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		91	120	—	No
Portugal	January 2015	Marriage (expansion: medically assisted reproduction)	—		Failed		—	No
Ireland	April 2015	Civil partnership and unregistered cohabitation (expansion: step-adoption rights)	20	2	Passed		Signed	Yes
Chile	April 2015	Civil union agreement	25	6	78	9	Signed	Yes
Ecuador	June 2015	De facto union (expansion)	—		89	1	Signed	Yes
Israel	July 2015	Civil union	—		39	50	—	No
Israel	July 2015	Marriage	—		39	50	—	No
Ireland	August 2015	Marriage (constitutional amendment)	29	3	Passed		Signed	Yes
	August 2015	Marriage (constitutional amendment)	Specific constitutional referendum (62.07%)				Signed
	October 2015	Marriage (statutory legislation)	Passed		Passed		Signed
Germany	November 2015	Registered life partnership (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Cyprus	December 2015	Civil cohabitation	—		39	12	Signed	Yes
Romania	December 2015	Civil partnership	8	49	Failed		—	No
Slovenia	December 2015	Marriage	—		51	28	—	No
Slovenia	December 2015	Marriage	Specific referendum (36.53%)				—	No
Greece	December 2015	Cohabitation agreement	—		194	55	Signed	Yes
Estonia	October 2014	Cohabitation agreement (framework law)	—		40	38	Signed	Yes
Estonia	January 2016	Cohabitation agreement (implementation law)	—		Failed		—	No
Portugal	February 2016	Marriage and de facto union (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Vetoed	Yes
Israel	February 2016	Civil union	—		40	47	—	No
Switzerland	March 2016	Registered partnership (expansion: immigration rights)	—	—	122	62	—	No
Luxembourg	April 2016	Recognition of marriage performed abroad before 1 January 2015	—		50	3	—	Yes
Slovenia	April 2016	Partnership (expansion)	—		54	15	—	Yes
Italy	May 2016	Civil union and cohabitation agreement	173	71	372	51	Signed	Yes
Portugal	June 2016	Marriage and de facto union (expansion: medically assisted reproduction)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Switzerland	June 2016	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	25	14	125	68	—	Yes
Liechtenstein	November 2016	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		25	0	Signed	Yes
Greece	December 2016	Cohabitation agreement (expansion)	—		201	21	Signed	Yes
Austria	December 2016	Registered partnership (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Finland	February 2015	Marriage (framework law)	—		101	90	Signed	Yes
	April 2016	Marriage (implementation laws)	—		106	42	Signed
	January 2017	Marriage (implementation laws)	—		128	28	Signed
Malta	April 2017	Cohabitation	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Lithuania	June 2017	Partnership	—		29	59	—	No
Ireland	July 2017	Civil partnership and unregistered cohabitation (expansion: adoption rights)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Germany	July 2017	Marriage	Passed		393	226	Signed	Yes
Malta	August 2017	Marriage	—		66	1	Signed	Yes
China	October 2017	Legal Guardianship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Philippines	October 2017	Civil partnership	—		Failed		—	No
Chile	November 2017	Civil union agreement (expansion)	15	0	70	0	Signed	Yes
Australia	December 2017	Marriage	43	12	131	4	Signed	Yes
Finland	April 2018	Marriage (expansion: automatic co-parenthood)	—		122	42	Signed	Yes
Greece	May 2018	Cohabitation agreement (expansion: foster care)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Israel	June 2018	Marriage	—		39	42	—	No
Malta	June 2018	Marriage, civil union and cohabitation (expansion: medically assisted reproduction)	—		34	27	Signed	Yes
Slovakia	September 2018	Registered partnership	—		Failed		—	No
San Marino	November 2018	Civil union	—		40	4	Signed	Yes
Mexico	November 2018	Marriage (codification of federal recognition)	110	0	415	0	Published	Yes
Cuba	December 2018	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Germany	December 2018	Marriage (codification)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Romania	March 2019	Civil partnership	2	68	Failed		—	No
Taiwan	May 2019	Marriage	—		66	27	Signed	Yes
Philippines	July 2019	Civil partnership	—		Failed		—	No
Philippines	July 2019	Registered partnership	Failed		—		—	No
Austria	July 2019	Marriage (expansion)	Passed		Passed		—	Yes
United Kingdom (Northern Ireland)	July 2019	Marriage	Passed		328	65	Signed	Yes
Montenegro	July 2019	Life partnership	—		38	4	—	No
Monaco	December 2019	Cohabitation agreement	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Montenegro	July 2020	Life partnership	—		42	5	Signed	Yes
Lithuania	May 2021	Partnership	—		63	58	—	No
San Marino	June 2021	Civil union (expansion)	—		31	1	Signed	Yes
France	August 2021	Marriage (expansion: medically assisted reproduction)	326	115	Passed		Signed	Yes
Switzerland	September 2021	Marriage	22	15	132	52	—	Yes
Switzerland	September 2021	Marriage	Specific referendum (64.10%)					Yes
Chile	December 2021	Marriage	21	8	80	20	Signed	Yes
Costa Rica	May 2022	De facto union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Andorra	August 2022	Marriage	—		18	6	Signed	Yes
Cuba	July 2022	Marriage and civil union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Cuba	September 2022	Marriage and civil union	Specific Referendum (66.87%)					Yes
Slovenia	October 2022	Marriage and adoption rights (codification)	17	11	48	29	Suspensory Veto	Yes
Slovenia	October 2022	Marriage and adoption rights (codification)	—		51	24	Published	Yes
Slovakia	October 2022	Civil cohabitation	—		31	53	—	No
United States	December 2022	Marriage (codification of federal recognition; requiring states and territories to recognize)	61	36	259	168	Signed	Yes
Latvia	December 2022	Civil union	—		—		Failed	No
Peru	December 2022	Marriage	—		—		Failed	No
Andorra	January 2023	Marriage (codification)	—		23	1	Signed	Yes
Taiwan	June 2023	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Estonia	June 2023	Marriage	—		55	34	Signed	Yes
Latvia	January 2024	Partnership	—		53	43	Signed	Yes
Greece	February 2024	Marriage	—		175	77	Signed	Yes
Czech Republic	April 2024	Partnership (expansion)	Passed		123	36	Signed	Yes
Liechtenstein	May 2024	Marriage	—		24	1	Signed	Yes
Thailand	Unknown	Marriage	130	4	400	10	Pending
Italy	Unknown	Marriage	Proposed		Proposed
Japan	Unknown	Marriage			Proposed
Kosovo	Unknown	Civil union	—		Proposed
Poland	Unknown	Civil partnership	Proposed		Proposed

Notes:

^ According to the 1974 Constitution, the King of Sweden is head of state but does not sign or veto any laws enacted by Parliament.
^ Replaced by the gender-neutral marriage law.
Only one of the two Co-Princes of Andorra signed the law.
^ The Slovenian Parliament is incompletely bicameral.
The Spanish Senate voted 131 "yes" to 119 "no" to veto the law. The veto was later overridden by the Spanish Congress of Deputies.
^ Veto overridden.
Ruled unconstitutional.
^ Since the 2008 constitutional change, the assent of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg is not required for the enactment of laws adopted by the Parliament.
^ The President merely promulgates the laws adopted by the Parliament.

Sub-national level

In countries with a federal system of governance, states and territories often may grant recognition to same-sex couples in their own jurisdictions, although unitary states with a level of devolution, such as Spain or the United Kingdom, also offer such powers to local authorities. The first jurisdiction to enact unregistered cohabitation was British Columbia in Canada in July 1992. The first jurisdiction to legalize registered partnership was Greenland as part of the Kingdom of Denmark in April 1996. Finally, the first sub-national jurisdiction to legalize same-sex marriage was the Canadian province of Ontario in June 2003.

As of 20 September 2024, there are 29 sub-national jurisdictions worldwide that have legalized some kind of alternative form of legal union of same-sex couples other than marriage. Those are:

In Japan:
- 26 prefectures of Japan (Aichi, Akita, Aomori, Fukui, Fukuoka, Gifu, Gunma, Hyōgo, Ibaraki, Kagawa, Mie, Nagano, Nara, Osaka, Ōita, Saga, Shimane, Shizuoka, Tochigi, Tokushima, Tokyo, Tottori, Toyama, Wakayama, Yamagata and Yamanashi);
Aruba, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands;
Two British overseas territories (Bermuda, Cayman Islands).

For the time being, 61 sub-national jurisdictions worldwide have legalized same-sex marriage in nations where same-sex marriage is not legal throughout the nation's territory. Those are:

Fifty-one Native American Tribal Nations, namely the Ak-Chin Indian Community, the Bay Mills Indian Community, the Blackfeet Nation, the Blue Lake Rancheria, the Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska, the Cherokee Nation, the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes, the Chickasaw Nation, the Choctaw Nation, the Colorado River Indian Tribes, the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians, the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians, the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon, the Coquille Indian Tribe, the Eastern Shoshone Tribe, the Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, the Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes, the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa, the Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, the Hannahville Indian Community, the Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin, the Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel, the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation, the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, the Northern Arapaho Tribe, the Oglala Sioux Tribe, the Oneida Nation of Wisconsin, the Osage Nation, the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska, the Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe, the Prairie Island Indian Community, the Puyallup Tribe of Indians, the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, the San Carlos Apache Tribe, the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe, the Stockbridge-Munsee Community, the Suquamish Tribe, the Tulalip, the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota, the White Mountain Apache Tribe, the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska and the Yavapai-Apache Nation.
The British Overseas Territories of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, the British Antarctic Territory, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, the Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and the British Crown dependencies of Guernsey, the Isle of Man and Jersey, and Guernsey's own dependencies of Alderney and Sark.

State/Territory	Country	Date	Same-sex union	Upper House		Lower house		Head of State	Law enacted?
State/Territory	Country	Date	Same-sex union	Yes	No	Yes	No	Head of State	Law enacted?
British Columbia	Canada	July 1992	Marriage-like relationship	—		30	17	Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 1993	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 1993	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 1993	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	May 1994	Domestic relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Ontario	Canada	June 1994	Domestic partnership	—		58	69	—	No
British Columbia	Canada	June 1995	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 1995	Marriage-like relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Greenland	Denmark	May 1993	Inatsisartut: Registered partnership (resolution)	—		15	0	—	Yes
Greenland	Denmark	April 1996	Folketing: Registered partnership (statutory law)	—		104	1	Signed	Yes
Ceuta	Spain	April 1997	De facto union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 1997	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Catalonia	Spain	June 1998	Stable couple union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Yukon	Canada	December 1998	Unregistered cohabitation	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Aragon	Spain	March 1999	Stable non-married couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Yukon	Canada	April 1999	Unregistered cohabitation (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Alberta	Canada	May 1999	Unregistered cohabitation	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Quebec	Canada	May 1999	De facto union	—		80	0	Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	June 1999	De facto relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 1999	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Ontario	Canada	October 1999	Conjugal relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Navarre	Spain	July 2000	Stable couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Castile-La Mancha	Spain	July 2000	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	July 2000	Marriage-like relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	August 2000	Domestic relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Nova Scotia	Canada	November 2000	Domestic partnership	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada	December 2000	Conjugal relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New Brunswick	Canada	December 2000	Family relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Geneva	Switzerland	February 2001	Registered partnership	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Valencia	Spain	April 2001	De facto union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	June 2001	Domestic relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Manitoba	Canada	July 2001	Common-law relationships	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Saskatchewan	Canada	July 2001	Spousal relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Saskatchewan	Canada	July 2001	Spousal relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	November 2001	Domestic relationship (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada	December 2001	Conjugal relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Balearic Islands	Spain	December 2001	Stable couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Madrid	Spain	December 2001	De facto union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada	April 2002	Conjugal relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Western Australia	Australia	April 2002	De facto relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Yukon	Canada	May 2002	Unregistered cohabitation (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Asturias	Spain	May 2002	Stable couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Northwest Territories	Canada	June 2002	Unregistered cohabitation	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Quebec	Canada	June 2002	Civil union	—		87	0	Signed	Yes
Manitoba	Canada	August 2002	Common-law relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Manitoba	Canada	August 2002	Common-law relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Zürich	Switzerland	September 2002	Registered partnership	Specific cantonal referendum (62.70%)					Yes
New South Wales	Australia	October 2002	De facto relationship (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Castile and León	Spain	October 2002	De facto union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Alberta	Canada	December 2002	Adult interdependent relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	December 2002	De facto relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Andalusia	Spain	December 2002	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Prince Edward Island	Canada	December 2002	Unregistered cohabitation	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Autonomous City of Buenos Aires	Argentina	January 2003	Civil union	—		29	10	Signed	Yes
Canary Islands	Spain	March 2003	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Extremadura	Spain	March 2003	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Basque Country	Spain	May 2003	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Río Negro	Argentina	May 2003	Civil union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	June 2003	Unregistered cohabitation	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	September 2003	Significant relationship and caring relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	January 2004	Domestic relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Neuchâtel	Switzerland	January 2004	Registered partnership	—		65	38	Signed	Yes
Northern Territory	Australia	January 2004	De facto relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Aragon	Spain	May 2004	Stable non-married couple (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Fribourg	Switzerland	May 2004	Registered partnership	General cantonal referendum (58.03%)					Yes
City of Sydney	Australia	July 2004	Relationship declaration program	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Quebec	Canada	November 2004	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Ontario	Canada	March 2005	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Northwest Territories	Canada	March 2005	Unregistered cohabitation (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Catalonia	Spain	April 2005	Stable couple union (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Cantabria	Spain	May 2005	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Akrotiri and Dhekelia	United Kingdom	November 2005	Civil partnership	—				Signed	Yes
Isle of Man	United Kingdom	November 2005	Recognition of civil partnership performed in the United Kingdom	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Norfolk Island	Australia	February 2006	De facto relationship	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	June 2006	Civil union	—		Passed		Signed	No
Mexico City	Mexico	November 2006	Coexistence partnership	—		43	17	Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	December 2006	Domestic partnership agreement	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Coahuila	Mexico	January 2007	Civil pact of solidarity	—		20	13	Signed	Yes
Scotland	United Kingdom	January 2007	Civil partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—		101	6	Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	February 2007	Civil partnership	—		Passed		Signed	No
Alberta	Canada	February 2007	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New Brunswick	Canada	March 2007	Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
City of Melbourne	Australia	April 2007	Relationship declaration program	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
City of Yarra	Australia	May 2007	Relationship declaration program	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Villa Carlos Paz	Argentina	November 2007	Civil union	—		12	6	Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	November 2007	De facto relationship (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Galicia	Spain	December 2007	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Melilla	Spain	January 2008	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	April 2008	Registered domestic relationship	29	10	54	24	Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	May 2008	Civil partnership	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Prince Edward Island	Canada	May 2008	Marriage (codification and expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	June 2008	De facto relationship (expansion)	Passed		64	11	Signed	Yes
Manitoba	Canada	October 2008	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	December 2008	Registered domestic relationship (expansion)	Passed		47	34	Signed	Yes
Municipality of Woollahra	Australia	December 2008	Relationship declaration program	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New Brunswick	Canada	December 2008	Marriage (codification) and family relationship (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Río Cuarto	Argentina	May 2009	Civil union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Greenland	Denmark	May 2009	Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New Caledonia	France	May 2009	Civil solidarity pact and concubinage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Wallis and Futuna	France	May 2009	Civil solidarity pact and concubinage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada	May 2009	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Scotland	United Kingdom	June 2009	Civil partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	September 2009	Significant relationship (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	November 2009	Civil partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Newfoundland and Labrador	Canada	December 2009	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Mexico City	Mexico	December 2009	Marriage	—		39	20	Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	February 2010	De facto relationship (expansion)	—		45	36	Signed	Yes
City of Blue Mountains	Australia	March 2010	Relationship declaration program	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	May 2010	Registered relationship	32	5	62	9	Signed	Yes
La Rioja	Spain	May 2010	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Vienna	Austria	June 2010	Registered partnership (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Catalonia	Spain	July 2010	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	September 2010	Registered relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	22	15	45	43	Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	October 2010	Out-of-state unions as significant relationship	Passed		22	3	Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	November 2010	Registered relationship (expansion: surrogacy)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	Netherlands	December 2010	Recognition of unions performed aboard	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Isle of Man	United Kingdom	March 2011	Civil partnership	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	June 2011	Domestic partnership agreement (expansion)	14	5	24	15	Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	July 2011	Domestic partnership agreement (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Nunavut	Canada	October 2011	Marriage (codification and expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
British Columbia	Canada	November 2011	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	December 2011	Civil partnership	—		47	40	Signed	Yes
Guernsey	United Kingdom	December 2011	Recognition of civil partnership performed in the United Kingdom	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Jersey	United Kingdom	December 2011	Civil partnership	—		33	0	Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	June 2012	Registered relationship	—		69	8	Signed	Yes
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	September 2012	Civil union	—		11	6	Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	September 2012	Marriage	6	8	13	11	—	No
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	Netherlands	October 2012	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	October 2012	Significant relationship (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
City of Vincent	Australia	December 2012	Relationship declaration program	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Macau	China	March 2013	Civil union	—		Failed		—	No
South Australia	Australia	July 2013	Marriage	—	—	Failed		—	No
Tasmania	Australia	July 2013	Significant relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Colima	Mexico	July 2013	Civil union	—		17	2	—	Yes
Colima	Mexico	August 2013	Civil union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	October 2013	Marriage	6	8	—	—	—	No
Australian Capital Territory	Australia	October 2013	Marriage	—		9	8	Signed	No
Jalisco	Mexico	October 2013	Civil union	—		20	15	Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	November 2013	Marriage	19	21	—	—	—	No
Campeche	Mexico	December 2013	Civil union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Coahuila	Mexico	February 2014	Civil pact of solidarity (expansion: adoption rights)	—		23	2	Signed	Yes
Scotland	United Kingdom	March 2014	Marriage	—		105	18	Signed	Yes
Faroe Islands	Denmark	March 2014	Marriage	—		11	20	—	No
Gibraltar	United Kingdom	March 2014	Civil partnership	—		16	0	Signed	Yes
Durango	Mexico	April 2014	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Akrotiri and Dhekelia	United Kingdom	April 2014	Marriage	—				Signed	Yes
British Indian Ocean Territory	United Kingdom	April 2014	Marriage	—				Signed	Yes
Alberta	Canada	May 2014	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Coahuila	Mexico	September 2014	Marriage	—		19	1	Signed	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	November 2014	Out-of-state unions as registered relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Yukon	Canada	December 2014	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Pitcairn Islands	United Kingdom	May 2015	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Town of Port Hedland	Australia	August 2015	Relationship declaration program	—		6	2	Signed	Yes
Michoacán	Mexico	September 2015	Domestic partnership	—		34	0	Signed	Yes
Alderney	United Kingdom	November 2015	Recognition of marriage and civil partnership performed abroad	—		10	0	Signed	Yes
Guernsey	United Kingdom	December 2015	Recognition of marriage performed abroad	—		Passed		—	Yes
Victoria	Australia	December 2015	Registered domestic relationship and domestic relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	31	8	Passed		Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	December 2015	Civil partnership	—		64	22	Signed	Yes
Nayarit	Mexico	December 2015	Marriage and concubinage	—		26	1	Signed	Yes
Greenland	Denmark	May 2015	Inatsisartut: Marriage (resolution)	—		27	0	—	Yes
Greenland	Denmark	February 2016	Folketing: Marriage (statutory law)	—		108	0	Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	February 2016	Out-of-state union as registered domestic relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Azuay	Ecuador	March 2016	Registered symbolic marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Campeche	Mexico	May 2016	Marriage	—		34	1	Signed	Yes
Guernsey	United Kingdom	May 2016	Recognition of marriage and civil partnership performed abroad (expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Colima	Mexico	June 2016	Marriage	—		24	0	Signed	Yes
Michoacán	Mexico	June 2016	Marriage and concubinage	—		27	0	Signed	Yes
Ascension Island	United Kingdom	June 2016	Marriage	—		5	0	Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	July 2016	Domestic partnership agreement (expansion)	Passed		29	12	Signed	Yes
Morelos	Mexico	July 2016	Marriage and concubinage	—		20	6	Signed	Yes
Isle of Man	United Kingdom	July 2016	Marriage	6	3	17	3	Signed	Yes
Aruba	Netherlands	September 2016	Registered partnership	—		11	5	Signed	Yes
British Antarctic Territory	United Kingdom	October 2016	Marriage	—				Signed	Yes
Gibraltar	United Kingdom	November 2016	Marriage	—		15	0	Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	November 2016	Civil partnership and de facto relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		44	43	Signed	Yes
San Luis Potosí	Mexico	November 2016	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Ontario	Canada	December 2016	Marriage and conjugal relationship (expansion: automatic co-parenthood)	—		79	0	Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	December 2016	Marriage (expansion: ending forced divorce for transgender individuals)	19	19	45	35	—	No
South Australia	Australia	December 2016	Registered relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	December 2016	Registered relationship and domestic partnership agreement (expansion: adoption rights)	13	4	27	16	Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	December 2016	Marriage (expansion: ending forced divorce for transgender individuals)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Tlaxcala	Mexico	January 2017	Domestic partnership	—		18	4	Signed	Yes
Durango	Mexico	January 2017	Marriage	—		4	15	—	No
Mexico City	Mexico	January 2017	Marriage (constitutional codification)	—		Passed		—	Yes
Northwest Territories	Canada	March 2017	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	March 2017	Registered relationship and domestic partnership agreement (expansion: surrogacy)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
South Australia	Australia	April 2017	Registered relationship (expansion)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Falkland Islands	United Kingdom	April 2017	Marriage and civil partnership	—		7	1	Signed	Yes
Guernsey	United Kingdom	December 2015	Marriage (agreement in principle)	—		37	7	—	Yes
		December 2016	Marriage (primary legislation)	—		33	5	Signed
		April 2017	Marriage (secondary legislation)	—		Passed		—
Faroe Islands	Denmark	April 2016	Løgting: Marriage (resolution)	—		19	14	—	Yes
Faroe Islands	Denmark	May 2017	Folketing: Marriage (statutory law)	—		108	0	Signed	Yes
Tristan da Cunha	United Kingdom	August 2017	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Nova Scotia	Canada	October 2017	Marriage (codification)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Saint Helena	United Kingdom	December 2017	Marriage	—		9	2	Signed	Yes
Bermuda	United Kingdom	February 2018	Domestic partnership	8	3	24	10	Signed	Yes
Northern Territory	Australia	April 2018	Marriage and de facto relationship (expansion: adoption rights)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Jersey	United Kingdom	September 2015	Marriage (agreement in principle)	—		37	4	—	Yes
Jersey	United Kingdom	May 2018	Marriage (statutory legislation)	—		42	1	Signed	Yes
Victoria	Australia	May 2018	Marriage (expansion: ending forced divorce for transgender individuals)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Alderney	United Kingdom	December 2017	Marriage (primary legislation)	—		9	0	Signed	Yes
Alderney	United Kingdom	June 2018	Marriage (secondary legislation)	—		Passed		—	Yes
New South Wales	Australia	June 2018	Marriage (codification and expansion)	34	2	Passed		Signed	Yes
Queensland	Australia	June 2018	Marriage (expansion: ending forced divorce for transgender individuals)	—		86	4	Signed	Yes
Murcia	Spain	July 2018	De facto couple	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Northern Territory	Australia	December 2018	Marriage (codification and expansion)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Western Australia	Australia	February 2019	Marriage (expansion: ending forced divorce for transgender individuals)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Tasmania	Australia	May 2019	Marriage (codification and expansion)	7	6	12	11	Signed	Yes
San Luis Potosí	Mexico	May 2019	Marriage and concubinage	—		14	12	Signed	Yes
Hidalgo	Mexico	May 2019	Marriage and concubinage	—		18	2	Signed	Yes
Sinaloa	Mexico	June 2019	Marriage and concubinage	—		18	20	—	No
Ibaraki Prefecture	Japan	June 2019	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Baja California Sur	Mexico	June 2019	Marriage	—		14	5	Signed	Yes
Zacatecas	Mexico	August 2019	Marriage	—		11	13	—	No
Oaxaca	Mexico	October 2019	Marriage (codification)	—		25	10	Signed	Yes
Sark	United Kingdom	October 2019	Marriage (agreement in principle)	—		Passed		—	Yes
		March 2020	Marriage (primary legislation)	—		Passed		Signed
		April 2020	Marriage (secondary legislation)	—		Passed		—
Cayman Islands	United Kingdom	July 2020	Domestic partnership	—		8	9	—	No
Baja California	Mexico	July 2020	Marriage (Constitutional codification)	—		16	9	—	No
Curaçao	Netherlands	September 2020	Marriage	—				Withdrawn	No
Cayman Islands	United Kingdom	September 2020	Civil partnership	—				Signed	Yes
Puebla	Mexico	November 2020	Marriage (codification)	—		31	5	Signed	Yes
Gunma Prefecture	Japan	December 2020	Partnership oath	—		—		Signed	Yes
Tlaxcala	Mexico	December 2020	Marriage	—		16	3	Signed	Yes
Western Australia	Australia	2020	Marriage and de facto relationship (expansion: surrogacy)	--		Passed			No
Sinaloa	Mexico	June 2021	Marriage	—		23	0	Signed	Yes
Baja California	Mexico	June 2021	Marriage (Constitutional codification)	—		18	4	Ratified by municipalities	Yes
Yucatán	Mexico	August 2021	Marriage (Constitutional codification)	—		20	5	Published	Yes
Saga Prefecture	Japan	August 2021	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Mie Prefecture	Japan	September 2021	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Querétaro	Mexico	September 2021	Marriage, concubinage, adoption	—		20	3	Published	Yes
Sonora	Mexico	September 2021	Marriage	—		25	8	Signed	Yes
Zacatecas	Mexico	December 2021	Marriage	—		18	10	Published	Yes
Aomori Prefecture	Japan	February 2022	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Yucatán	Mexico	March 2022	Marriage	—		25	0	Published	Yes
Akita Prefecture	Japan	April 2022	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Fukuoka Prefecture	Japan	April 2022	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Jalisco	Mexico	April 2022	Marriage (codification)	—		25	8	Published	Yes
Tamaulipas	Mexico	May 2022	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Veracruz	Mexico	June 2022	Marriage (codification)	—		38	4	Published	Yes
Aguascalientes	Mexico	August 2022	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Quintana Roo	Mexico	August 2022	Marriage expansion (adoption)			Passed		Signed	Yes
Tochigi Prefecture	Japan	September 2022	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Durango	Mexico	September 2022	Marriage (codification)	—		15	9	Signed	Yes
Tabasco	Mexico	October 2022	Marriage	—		23	5	Signed	Yes
Tokyo Metropolis	Japan	November 2022	Partnership certificate	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Edomex	Mexico	November 2022	Marriage and concubinage	—		50	16	Signed	Yes
Tamaulipas	Mexico	November 2022	Marriage	—		23	12	Signed	Yes
Guerrero	Mexico	December 2022	Marriage and concubinage	—		38	6	Signed	Yes
Nuevo León	Mexico	June 2023	Marriage (codification) and concubinage	—		23	10	Signed	Yes
Baja California Sur	Mexico	March 2024	Marriage (expansion: adoption)	—		Passed		Vetoed	Pending
Aruba	Netherlands	June 2024	Marriage	—		10	10	Failed	No

Note:

^ Legislation overturned by the Australian Federal Government.
Replaced with registered relationship on 27 June 2012.
Replaced with civil partnership in December 2015.
Repealed in May 2016.
Legislation overturned by the High Court on 12 December 2013.
Ordinances and regulations do not require royal assent.
Same-sex marriage was not legal in Australia when the bill was debated.
Same-sex marriage was not legal in Australia when the bill was passed.

Prohibition of same-sex unions

Legislative efforts

Various countries have passed (or tried to pass) legislation to prevent same-sex marriage or repeal the existing laws (in some cases including criminalization or fines). Sometimes approving explicit bans or defining marriage as solely the union between a man and a woman, excluding all others.

National level

Country	Date	Ban on	Upper house		Lower house		Head of state	Final outcome
Country	Date	Ban on	Yes	No	Yes	No	Head of state	Final outcome
El Salvador	February 1858	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Colombia	May 1873	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Costa Rica	January 1888	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Eswatini	1952	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Peru	July 1984	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Ecuador	July 1984	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Paraguay	January 1985	Marriage and free union	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Cuba	1987	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Philippines	July 1987	Marriage (explicit recognition of only heterosexual marriage)	—		—		Signed	Yes
China	1992	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
United States	September 1996	Marriage (federal recognition and allows states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states)	85	14	342	67	Signed	Yes
Philippines	1998	Marriage (explicit limitation of marriage to heterosexual cisgender couples)	Failed		—		—	No
United States	July 1999	Adoption (federal law, ban only for District of Columbia )	—		213	215		No
Kenya	July 2001	Adoption (couples and single LGBT person)	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Philippines	July 2004	Marriage (explicit non-recognition of unions performed abroad)	Failed		—		—	No
Philippines	2004	Marriage (explicit limitation of marriage to heterosexual cisgender couples)	Failed		Failed		—	No
Australia	August 2004	Marriage	38	6	Passed		Signed	Yes
New Zealand	May 2005	Marriage	—		47	73		No
Canada	December 2006	Marriage	—		123	175		No
China	May 2007	Adoption of Chinese children by LGBT couples and single people in foreign countries	—		—		Signed	Yes
Greece	July 2008	Civil Union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Philippines	December 2009	Marriage (criminalization)	—		Failed		—	No
Lesotho	2011	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Mali	December 2011	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Russia	September 2012	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Russia	June 2013	Adoption of Russian children by LGBT couples and single people in foreign countries that recognise same-sex unions	Passed		400	4	Signed	Yes
Nigeria	January 2014	All types of same-sex unions and adoption(criminalization)	109	0	Passed		Signed	Yes
Malawi	April 2015	Marriage (criminalization)	—		193	0	Signed	Yes
Nicaragua	April 2015	Marriage, free unions and adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Panama	October 2015	Marriage (recognition of foreign unions)	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Haiti	August 2017	Marriage (criminalization)	14	1	Failed			No
Estonia	August 2017	Civil Union	—		19	47		No
Bolivia	June 2018	Marriage and free union	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Honduras	August 2018	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Nepal	August 2018	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
China	January 2021	Marriage	—		2879	2	Signed	Yes
Panama	March 2021	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Guatemala	March 2022	Marriage (criminalization)	—		152	8		No
Latvia	April 2023	Adoption	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Uganda	June 2023	All types of same-sex unions and adoption (criminalization)	—		384	1	Signed	Yes
Hungary	July 2023	Adoption (report same-sex couples which raise children to the state authorities)	—		Passed		Vetoed	No
Russia	July 2023	Marriage, adoption and foster care for trans people.	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Namibia	Unknown	Marriage (criminalization) and recognition of foreign unions	Passed		Passed		Failed	No
Georgia	September 2024	Marriage and adoption	—		84	0	Signed	Yes
Kenya	Unknown	Same sex unions (criminalization)	—		Pending

Notes:

Struck down in April 2016
Struck down in May 2020
Struck down in July 2019
Repealed in September 2022
Repealed in December 2022
Repealed in December 2017
Repealed in December 2015.
Passed by Congress, archived after threat of presidential veto.

Constitutional efforts

Thirty-two countries have passed constitutional amendments banning a variety of same-sex unions. These amendments have taken several forms. Some are limited to banning only marriage. Others ban marriage and prohibit legislation providing "similar rights".

National level

Cuba was the first country to prohibit same-sex marriage in February 1976. Paraguay, Honduras and Bolivia are the only cases that not only marriage is prohibited but also de facto unions. Vietnam, Cuba, and Ecuador repealed their same-sex marriage bans in November 2013, April 2019, and June 2019, respectively.

As of 20 September 2024, thirty-three countries prohibit same-sex marriage on a national level. Those are Armenia, Belarus, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, the Central African Republic, Croatia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Dominican Republic, Georgia, Honduras, Hungary, Jamaica, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Palau, Paraguay, Poland, Russia, Rwanda, Serbia, Slovakia, South Sudan, Uganda, Ukraine, Venezuela and Zimbabwe.

Country	Date	Ban on	Upper house		Lower house		Head of state	Final outcome
Country	Date	Ban on	Yes	No	Yes	No	Head of state	Final outcome
Cuba	February 1976	Marriage	General referendum (97.7%)					Yes
Burkina Faso	June 1991	Marriage	General referendum (92.83%)					Yes
Bulgaria	July 1991	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Vietnam	April 1992	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Paraguay	June 1992	Marriage and de facto union	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Lithuania	October 1992	Marriage	General referendum (78.24)					Yes
Cambodia	September 1993	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Belarus	March 1994	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Moldova	July 1994	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Ukraine	June 1996	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Poland	May 1997	Marriage	General referendum (52.71%)				Signed	Yes
Venezuela	December 1999	Marriage and de facto union	General referendum (71.78%)					Yes
Rwanda	May 2003	Marriage	General referendum (93.42%)					Yes
United States	July 2004	Marriage	48	50	227	186	—	No
Burundi	February 2005	Marriage	General referendum (92.02%)					Yes
Honduras	March 2005	Marriage and de facto union	—		128	0	Signed	Yes
Uganda	September 2005	Marriage	—		111	17	Signed	Yes
Latvia	December 2005	Marriage	—		65	5	Signed	Yes
DR Congo	December 2005	Marriage	General referendum (84.31%)					Yes
United States	July 2006	Marriage	49	48	236	187	—	No
Serbia	October 2006	Marriage	General referendum (53.04%)					Yes
Montenegro	October 2007	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Ecuador	September 2008	Marriage	General referendum (69.46%)					Yes
Palau	November 2008	Marriage	Specific referendum (83.56%)					Yes
Bolivia	January 2009	Marriage and free union	General referendum (61.43%)					Yes
El Salvador	October 2009	Marriage	—		46	38	—	No
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	November 2009	Marriage	General referendum (43.71%)					No
Dominican Republic	January 2010	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Kenya	August 2010	Marriage	General referendum (68.55%)					Yes
Zambia	March 2011	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Jamaica	April 2011	Marriage and any other similar relationship	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Hungary	April 2011	Marriage	—		262	44	Signed	Yes
South Sudan	July 2011	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Liberia	June 2012	Marriage	Passed		Failed		—	No
Zimbabwe	March 2013	Marriage	General referendum (94.49%)					Yes
North Macedonia	September 2013	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Croatia	December 2013	Marriage	Specific referendum (65.87%)					Yes
El Salvador	February 2014	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Slovakia	June 2014	Marriage	—		102	18	—	Yes
North Macedonia	January 2015	Marriage	—		Failed		—	No
Slovakia	February 2015	Marriage	Specific referendum (94.50%)					No
Armenia	December 2015	Marriage	General referendum (63.37%)					Yes
Switzerland	February 2016	Marriage	Specific referendum (49.16%)					No
Central African Republic	March 2016	Marriage	General referendum (93.00%)				Signed	Yes
Kyrgyzstan	December 2016	Marriage	General referendum (79.59%)					Yes
Georgia	October 2017	Marriage	—		117	2	Vetoed	Yes
Czech Republic	June 2018	Marriage	—		Failed			No
Romania	October 2018	Marriage	107	13	232	22	—	No
Romania	October 2018	Marriage	Specific referendum (93.40%)					No
Panama	October 2019	Marriage	—		Withdrawn			No
Russia	July 2020	Marriage	Passed		Passed		Signed	Yes
Russia	July 2020	Marriage	General referendum (77.92%)					Yes
Estonia	January 2021	Marriage	—		29	49	—	No
Honduras	January 2021	Marriage and de facto union (more explicit ban)	—		90	38	Signed	Yes
Belarus	February 2022	Marriage (explicit ban)	General referendum (65.2%)					Yes
Singapore	November 2022	Marriage (Parliament may define marriage)	—		83	2	Signed	Yes
Mali	June 2023	Marriage (explicit ban)	General referendum (97%)					Yes
Tuvalu	November 2023	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes

Notes:

Repealed in April 2019
Repealed on 1 January 2014, as the 1992 Constitution was replaced by the new one, which does not contain a definition of marriage.
^ Failed to meet the required threshold.
Struck down by the Constitutional Court on 12 June 2019
Although the amendment received 94.5% of the vote, turnout was only at 21.4%. For referendums in Slovakia to be valid, turnout has to surpass 50% of registered voters.
declared invalid by the Federal Supreme Court in 2019
Veto overridden.
Although the amendment received majority of the vote, turnout was only at 20.41%. For referendums in Romania to be valid, turnout has to surpass 30% of registered voters.

Sub-national level

The first jurisdiction to explicitly ban same-sex marriage in its Constitution was the U.S. state of Alaska in November 1998, however, same-sex marriage was legalised in the state in October 2014. The first jurisdiction to enact such a ban was Yucatán, in July 2009, but since August 2010 the state recognizes same-sex marriages performed in Mexico and in August 2021 local congress removed the heterosexual definition of marriage from the state's constitution.

State/Territory	Country	Date	Ban on	Upper House		Lower house		Head of state	Final outcome
State/Territory	Country	Date	Ban on	Yes	No	Yes	No	Head of state	Final outcome
Morelos	Mexico	November 1930	Marriage	—		Passed		—	Yes
Yucatán	Mexico	July 2009	Marriage	—		Passed		—	Yes
Baja California	Mexico	May 2011	Marriage	—		Passed		Signed	Yes
Colima	Mexico	July 2013	Marriage	—		17	2	—	Yes
Zurich	Switzerland	November 2016	Marriage	—		52	110	—	No
Zurich	Switzerland	November 2016	Marriage	Specific referendum (19.09%)					No
Veracruz	Mexico	July 2018	Marriage	—		32	10	—	No

Notes:

Repealed in June 2016
Repealed in September 2021
Unenforced since November 2017; repealed in July 2021
Repealed in May 2016.
Failed to meet the required threshold.

Notes

^ The Netherlands proper. Same-sex marriages performed there are recognized in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten
^ New Zealand proper.
^ England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; the overseas territories of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, the British Antarctic Territory, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, the Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; the Crown dependencies of Guernsey, the Isle of Man and Jersey.
^ 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands and multiple tribal nations

References

^ Waaldijk, Kees. "Major legal consequences of marriage, cohabitation and registered partnership for different-sex and same-sex partners in the Netherlands" (PDF). INED. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
^ "International trends in legal recognition of same-sex couples". Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission. October 16, 2004. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
Rule, Sheila (October 2, 1989). "Rights for Gay Couples in Denmark". The New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2013.
Newton, David E. (2010-09-02). Same-Sex Marriage: A Reference Handbook. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-59884-708-6. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"1985-86, 1. samling - L 138 (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om afgift af arv og gave. (Lempelse af arveafgiften for samlevende søskende og samlevende personer af samme køn)" (in Danish). webarkiv.ft.dk. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Jänterä-Jareborg, Maarit; Brattström, Margareta; Eriksson, LisaMarie (March 2015). National Report: Sweden (PDF). Commission of European Family Law. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 30, 2015. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Boele-Woelki, Katharina; Fuchs, Angelika (2003). "Legal recognition of same-sex couples in Europe". Intersentia nv. ISBN 978-90-5095-297-2. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
"Governments that have recognized same-sex relationships". Religious Tolerance. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
^ Asland, John; Waaldijk, Kees. "Major legal consequences of marriage, cohabitation and registered partnership for different-sex and same-sex partners in Norway" (PDF). INED. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
"International Recognition of Same-Sex Relationships". University of Minnesota. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
Sarcevic, Petar; Volken, Paul (30 June 2004). "Yearbook of Private International Law". Sellier. European law publ. ISBN 978-3-935808-45-3. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
Wockner, Rex (June 1996). "Hungary recognises common-law gay marriage". ILGA Europe. Archived from the original on 2016-01-12. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
JensenSteffen (June 1996). "Partnership law in Iceland". ILGA Euroletter. Archived from the original on 2016-01-12. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
"320. mál lagafrumvarp Lög nr. 87/1996, 120. löggjafarþingi" (in Icelandic). Althingi. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
^ "Postavenie sexuálnych menšín" (PDF) (in Slovak). aspekt.sk. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Bluhm, Michael (June 1998). "Czech Republic: No Marriages for Gays and Lebians". ILGA Europe. Archived from the original on 2009-03-07. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
Leonard, Arthur S. (November 1998). "Lesbian/Gay Law Notes" (PDF). INED. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
De Schutter, Kees, Olivier; Waalkijk. "Major legal consequences of marriage, cohabitation and registered partnership for different-sex and same-sex partners in Belgium" (PDF). INED. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"Wetsontwerp tot invoering van de wettelijke samenwoning" (in Dutch). Senate.be. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"GayLawNet Laws Sweden". GayLawNet. Retrieved November 27, 2015.
"1998-99, 1. samling - L 70 A (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om registreret partnerskab. (Ændring af betingelserne for indgåelse af registreret partnerskab og stedbarnsadoption for registrerede partnere)" (in Danish). Webarkiv.dk. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"Loi n° 99-944 du 15 novembre 1999 relative au pacte civil de solidarité" (in French). Legifrance. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Kotisova, Miluska. "No to registered partnership in the Czech Republic". ILGA Euroletter. Archived from the original on 2008-09-21. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
Wockner, Rex. "Canadian Partner Bill Passes House of Commons". ILGA Euroletter. Archived from the original on 2012-02-27. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"Chronology: Same-sex marriage". Canwest News Service. canada.com. October 7, 2005. Archived from the original on November 12, 2015. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"BILL C-23". Parliament of Canada. 1999. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015.
"Adoption of Stepchildren in Gay and Lesbian Families in Iceland". Gay Ottawa Now!. June 13, 2000. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2015.
"Gay Marriage Goes Dutch". CBS news. April 1, 2001. Archived from the original on October 5, 2002. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
"Same-Sex Marriage Legalized in Amsterdam". CNN. April 1, 2001. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Lov om endringer i lov 30. april 1993 nr. 40 om registrert partnerskap" (in Norwegian). Storting. 30 June 2000. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
"Gesetz über die Eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaft (Lebenspartnerschaftsgesetz - LPartG)" (in German). Bundesministerium für Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"N.o109" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Diário da República Eletrónico. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"AR altera lei das uniões de facto" (in Portuguese). tvi24. July 3, 2009. Archived from the original on October 30, 2015. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Property (Relationships) Amendment Act 2001". New Zealand Legislation. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
Kaczorowski, Craig. "Prague". glbtq.com. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Registered partnership". Government of Norway. December 12, 2001.
"Lov om endringer i lov 28. februar 1986 nr. 8 om adopsjon og i lov 30. april 1993 nr. 40 om registrert partnerskap" (in Norwegian). Storting. 20 April 2001. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
"Parliament narrowly passes law allowing same-sex registration". Helsingin Sanomat. September 28, 2001. Archived from the original on January 12, 2016. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
Merin, Yuval (15 February 2010). "Equality for same-sex couples". University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-52033-9. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
"Sweden legalises gay adoption". BBC News. June 6, 2002. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
"Wetsvoorstel tot openstelling van het huwelijk voor personen van hetzelfde geslacht en tot wijziging van een aantal bepalingen van het Burgerlijk Wetboek" (in Dutch). senate.be. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
"2002-03 - L 91 (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af adoptionsloven og lov om registreret partnerskab. (Ligestilling mellem registreret partnerskab og ægteskab ved adoption)" (in Danish). Webarkiv.dk. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"2002-03 - L 93 (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om registreret partnerskab. (Ligestilling mellem registreret partnerskab og heteroseksuelle ægtefæller med hensyn til fremmedadoption af danske og udenlandske børn)" (in Danish). Webarkiv.dk. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"2002-03 - L 129 (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om registreret partnerskab. (Ophævelse af kravet om statsborgerskab eller bopæl her i landet ved registrering af partnerskab)" (in Danish). Webarkiv.dk. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"2002-03 - L 119 (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af adoptionsloven. (Adgang til stedbarnsadoption for registreret partner fra barnets fødsel)" (in Danish). Webarkiv.dk. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"116 22.7.2003 Zakon o istospolnim zajednicama" (in Croatian). Narodne-novine.nn.hr. July 22, 2003. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
"4110 - Proposition de loi sur l'union libre" (in French). Chamber of Deputies. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
"4162 - Proposition de loi sur la réforme du mariage" (in French). Chamber of Deputies. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
"4946 - Projet de loi relative aux effets légaux de certains partenariats" (in French). Chamber of Deputies. Retrieved January 11, 2014.
"Panama: Support Civil Union Proposal Now under Attack by the Catholic Church". IGLHRC. September 16, 2004. Retrieved August 9, 2005.
"Gesetz zur Überarbeitung des Lebenspartnerschaftsrechts (LPartRÜG k.a.Abk.)" (in German). buzer.de. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Grew, Tony (June 11, 2008). "Norway legalises gay marriage". Pink News. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33)". Uk-legislation.hmso.gov.uk. November 18, 2004. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved February 25, 2010.
"Care of Children Act 2004". Parliamentary Conscience Votes Database. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
Orsman, Bernard (December 10, 2004). "Mayor stuns gays with abuse claim". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved February 25, 2010.
Mikule, Martin (February 14, 2005). "Czech Gay and Lesbian League upset about repeated rejection of same sex partnerships". Radio Prague. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Llei 4/2005 del 21 de febrer, qualificada de les unions estables de parella" (PDF) (in Catalan). ILGA Europe. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Hvastja, Gregor (July 3, 2004). "Istospolni in heterospolni" (in Slovenian). Mladina. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Relationships (Statutory References) Act 2005". New Zealand Legislation. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"Relationships (Statutory References) Act". Parliamentary Conscience Votes Database. Archived from the original on April 28, 2012. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
"Ja till lesbisk insemination". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). June 3, 2005. Retrieved March 22, 2009.
"Swiss vote to join Schengen area". Swissinfo.ch. June 5, 2005. Retrieved February 25, 2010.
"Spain approves liberal gay marriage law". St. Petersburg Times. July 1, 2005. Retrieved January 8, 2007.
Foust, Michael (November 30, 2005). "In Canadian political tussle, 'gay marriage' could be reversed". Baptist Press. Archived from the original on March 6, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Zakon O Registraciji Istospolne Partnerske Skupnosti (ZRIPS)" (in Slovenian). uradni-list.si. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Slobodna Dalmacija" (in Croatian). Arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr. October 18, 2005. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
"Czech MPs approve gay rights law". BBC News. March 15, 2006. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Belgium moves to allow gay adoption". Euronews. December 2, 2005. Archived from the original on December 31, 2019. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Belgium passes gay adoption law". BBC News. April 21, 2006. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
^ "Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre técnicas de reproducción humana asistida". Noticias Jurídicas (in Spanish). 27 May 2006. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
Jeppesen de Boer, Christina G.; Kronborg, Annette (2011). "National Report: Denmark". American Universal Journal of Gender Social Policy and Law. 19 (1). American University Washington College of Law: 113–121. Archived from the original on 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2015-11-07.
Gunnarsdottir, Hrafnhildur (June 12, 2006). "Important Improvements in Gay and Lesbian Rights in Iceland". ILGA Europe. Archived from the original on February 27, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"340. mál lagafrumvarp Lög nr. 65/2006, 132. löggjafarþingi" (in Icelandic). Althingi. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Loi n° 2006-728 du 23 juin 2006 portant réforme des successions et des libéralités" (in French). Legifrance. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"SA same-sex marriage law signed". BBC News. November 30, 2006. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
Healy, Claire; Reis Oliveira, Catarina. "INTI Project: "Be Naturalized" - Report on Naturalization in Portugal". Lisabon: Alto Comissariado para a Imigração e Diálogo Intercultural, I.P. Archived from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
Horsey, Kirsty (20 October 2006). "Finland passes new fertility legislation". IVF.net. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
"Laki hedelmöityshoidoista". Finlex (in Finnish). Edita Publishing Oy. 22 December 2006. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
Goodman, Joshua (June 21, 2007). "Colombia Conservatives Derail Same-Sex Couples Bill". Advocate. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
Than, Krisztina; Kahn, Michael (December 18, 2007). "Hungary legalizes same-sex civil partnerships". In.reuters.com. Retrieved February 25, 2010.
"Uruguay approves gay civil unions". BBC News. December 19, 2007. Retrieved February 25, 2010.
"Uruguay: las parejas gay celebran la aprobación de la ley de unión concubinaria" (in Spanish). AG Magazine. December 18, 2007. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"First Lesbian Couple in Iceland "Marries" in Church". Icelandic Review. July 2, 2008. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"532. mál lagafrumvarp Lög nr. 55/2008, 135. löggjafarþingi" (in Icelandic). Althingi. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Norway passes law approving gay marriage". NBC News. June 17, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Partlow, Joshua; Küffner, Stephan (September 29, 2008). "Voters in Ecuador Approve Constitution". Washington Post. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
^ Sung, Michael (October 11, 2008). "Portugal parliament votes down legalization of same-sex marriage". Jurist. Retrieved May 27, 2013.
"HUMAN FERTILISATION AND EMBRYOLOGY ACT 2008" (PDF). The National Archives. legislation.gov.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 23, 2010. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
"Sweeping gay law reform finally passes". The Age. November 27, 2008. Retrieved August 9, 2009.
Nyberg, Per (April 1, 2012). "Sweden passes same-sex marriage law". CNN. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Hungarian government proposes registered same-sex partnerships". PinkNews. 12 February 2009. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
Dombos, Tamás (March 23, 2010). "Hungarian Constitutional Court Affirms Registered Partnerships for Gay Couples". UK Gay News. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
"Gay Couples With Foreign Marriages, Partnerships Win Recognition Battle in France". UK Gay News. April 29, 2009. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Finland allows gay couples to adopt partner's children". Pink News. May 15, 2009. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"L 105 Forslag til lov om ændring af adoptionsloven og forskellige andre love" (in Danish). Folketinget. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"President unties the knot on civil union". VoxEurop. August 26, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Uruguay lawmakers approve gay adoptions". Dawn. August 28, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Gutierrez-Folch, Anita (September 10, 2009). "Uruguay Gives the OK for Gay Adoptions". finding Dulcinea. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Eingetragene Partnerschaft-Gesetz - EPG (485 d.B.)". Parlament Republik Österreich (in German). Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Projeto de Lei 14/XI" (in Portuguese). Assembleia Da Republica. Retrieved May 27, 2013.
"Projeto de Lei 24/XI" (in Portuguese). Assembleia Da Republica. Retrieved May 27, 2013.
"Projeto de Lei 119/XI" (in Portuguese). Assembleia Da Republica. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Gay marriage bill fails in Senate". SBS. February 26, 2010. Archived from the original on April 30, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Portugal's president to ratify same-sex marriage law". BBC News. May 17, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"L 146 Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om registreret partnerskab, lov om en børnefamilieydelse og lov om børnetilskud og forskudsvis udbetaling af børnebidrag" (in Danish). Folketinget. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"L 123 Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om ægteskabs indgåelse og opløsning og forskellige andre love samt ophævelse af lov om registreret partnerskab" (in Danish). Folketinget. June 3, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Iceland parliament votes for gay marriage". IceNews. June 11, 2010. Archived from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"48. mál fyrirspurn til iðnaðarráðherra 138. löggjafarþingi" (in Icelandic). Althingi. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Civil Partnership Bill passes through Dáil". RTE. July 2, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Civil Partnership Bill passes the Seanad". RTE. July 9, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Cristina formalized the gay marriage law". M24Digital.com. July 21, 2010. Archived from the original on July 23, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"A –– N° 134" (PDF) (in French). Le Gouvernement du Grand Duché de Luxembourg. August 12, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Projeto de Lei 280/XI" (in Portuguese). Assembleia Da Republica. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Cavaco promulga diploma que altera uniões de facto" (in Portuguese). Expresso. August 16, 2010. Archived from the original on October 14, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Bundesrat lehnt Gleichstellung ab" (in German). Queer.de. September 24, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Bundestag: Regierung lehnt Gleichstellung ab" (in German). Queer.de. October 28, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Bundesrat votiert gegen Gleichstellung" (in German). Queer.de. April 18, 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Landtag einhellig für Partnerschaftsgesetz" (in German). Liechtensteiner Vaterland. March 16, 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"French parliament rejects same-sex marriage bill". Associated Press. June 6, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"CDU-Länder verhindern wieder die Gleichstellung" (in German). Queer.de. June 20, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
^ "Gay rights: Lawmakers defeat adoption bill for couples". Portugal Daily Views. February 24, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Škrinjar, Klara; Hočevar, Barbara; Pečauer, Marko (March 23, 2012). "Anketa Dela: Za zakonik in Jankovića" (in Slovenian). Delo. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Lahav, Harko (May 16, 2012). "Knesset rejects marriage equality bill". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on May 22, 2012. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
"Denmark Approves Gay Weddings In Church". Huffington Post. July 6, 2012. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
"Bundestag stimmt für Beibehaltung der Diskriminierung" (in German). Queer.de. June 28, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
"Endgültiges Ergebnis der Namentlichen Abstimmung Nr. 3" (PDF) (in German). Deutscher Bundestag. June 28, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 8, 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
Gessa, Daniele Guido (June 27, 2012). "San Marino axes medieval law to let gay couples live together". GayStarNews. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
"Gay marriage bill defeated". The Australian. September 19, 2012. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
Cullen, Simon (September 21, 2012). "Australian Senate votes down same-sex marriage bill". ABC. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Bundestag stimmt gegen Ehegattensplitting für Homo-Paare" (in German). queer.de. October 25, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Národná rada Slovenskej republiky - hlasovanie poslancov" (in Slovak). Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky. November 6, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Poselski projekt ustawy o związkach partnerskich" (in Polish). SEIJM. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Głosowanie nr 45 - posiedzenie 32" (in Polish). Sejm. January 25, 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
"Poselski projekt ustawy o związkach partnerskich" (in Polish). SEIJM. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Głosowanie nr 46 - posiedzenie 32" (in Polish). Sejm. January 25, 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
"Głosowanie nr 47 - posiedzenie 32" (in Polish). Sejm. January 25, 2015. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
"Głosowanie nr 48 - posiedzenie 32" (in Polish). Sejm. January 25, 2015. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
"Poselski projekt ustawy o związkach partnerskich" (in Polish). SEIJM. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Głosowanie nr 49 - posiedzenie 32" (in Polish). Sejm. January 25, 2015. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
"Bundesrat votiert für Gleichstellung im Steuerrecht" (in German). queer.de. March 1, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Koalition will Ehegattensplitting zügig selbst umsetzen" (in German). queer.de. June 7, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Bundesrat stimmt für Ehe-Öffnung" (in German). queer.de. March 22, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"MPs vote to legalise same sex marriage". TV NZ. April 17, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Lavers, Michael K. (April 24, 2013). "Colombian Senate rejects same-sex marriage bill". Washington Blade. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Shoichet, Catherine E.; Klein, Dario (April 3, 2013). "Uruguay's senate approves same-sex marriage bill". CNN. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Shoichet, Catherine E. (April 11, 2013). "Same-sex marriage bill awaits president's signature in Uruguay". CNN. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
^ "Parlamento chumba alargamento da adopção a casais de homossexuais" (in Portuguese). Sol. May 17, 2013. Archived from the original on October 27, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Vignal, Francois (April 15, 2013). "Mariage pour tous : le détail du vote au Sénat" (in French). Public Senat. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Société : ouverture du mariage aux couples de même sexe" (in French). Assemblée nationale. May 17, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
McKinnon, Alex (June 20, 2013). "Foreign same-sex marriage bill defeated". Star Observer. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Bundestag beschließt Steuergleichstellung light" (in German). queer.de. June 27, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Gesetz zur Änderung des Einkommensteuergesetzes in Umsetzung der Entscheidung des Bundesverfassungsgerichtes vom 7. Mai 2013" (PDF) (in German). Deutscher Bundestag. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013". UK Parliament. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Gay marriage: Commons passes Cameron's plan". BBC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
"Adoptionsrechts-Änderungsgesetz 2013". Parlament Republik Österreich. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
"Austria becomes the 14th European country to allow same-sex second-parent adoption". ILGA. August 1, 2013. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Salaverria, Leila (17 October 2013). "Rep. Lagman files bill to protect same-sex couples' property rights". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
"Juridisch ouderschap vrouwelijke partner van moeder". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on May 14, 2014. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
"Wet lesbisch ouderschap treedt in werking" (in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands. April 1, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Projeto de Lei 278/XII" (in Portuguese). Assembleia da República. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
"Same sex unions become legal - Celebrations in Valletta; Opposition abstains because of adoptions". The Times of Malta. 14 April 2014.
"Wetsontwerp houdende de vaststelling van de afstamming van de meemoeder" (in Dutch). senate.be. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Matyn, Joppe (April 23, 2014). "Geen adoptie meer nodig voor meemoeders" (in Dutch). deredactie. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"0,99 Prozent der Großen Koalition für Gleichstellung" (in German). queer.de. May 23, 2014. Retrieved May 24, 2014.
"Endgültiges Ergebnis der Namentlichen Abstimmung Nr. 2" (PDF) (in German). LSVD. May 22, 2014. Retrieved May 24, 2014.
"Proposició de llei qualificada de modificació de la Llei qualificada del matrimoni de 30 de juny de 1995 i de la Llei 14/2004, de 3 de novembre, qualificada de modificació de la Llei qualificada del matrimoni" (in Catalan). General Council of Andorra. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Marot, Laia F. (May 30, 2014). "DA diu NO al matrimoni gai" (in Catalan). Periòdic d'Andorra. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
"Homo-Paare erhalten Recht auf Sukzessivadoption". Die Welt (in German). May 22, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Pl nr. L597/2013 Propunere legislativă privind parteneriatul civil" (in Romanian). Cdep.ro. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
"Parliamentary voting". Cdep.r. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"6172A" (in French). Chambre des Députés du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
Gander, Kashmira (June 18, 2014). "Luxembourg passes same-sex marriage and adoption bill in landslide vote". The Independent. Retrieved June 19, 2014.
Roberts, Scott (July 15, 2014). "Croatia passes civil partnerships law". Pink News. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Bundestag einstimmig für weitgehende steuerliche Gleichstellung" (in German). queer.de. May 6, 2014. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
"Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Anpassung steuerlicher Regelungen an die Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts" (PDF) (in German). Bundesfinanzministerium. March 13, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 21, 2014. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
"Bundesrat stimmt Gleichstellung im Steuerrecht zu" (in German). queer.de. July 12, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"San Marino rebuffs same-sex marriage, abortion proposals". Gazzetta Del Sud. September 19, 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
"Código Civil y Comercial" (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Cámera de Diputados. 21 July 2015. Archived from the original on 21 July 2015.
"Libertad con responsabilidad y solidaridad: la regulación de las uniones convivenciales en el Código Civil y Comercial" (in Spanish). Sistema Argentino de Información Juridica. 15 July 2015.
"Proposició de llei qualificada de les unions civils i de modificació de la Llei qualificada del matrimoni de 30 de juny de 1995 i de la Llei 14/2004, de 3 de novembre, qualificada de modificació de la Llei qualificada de matrimoni" (in Catalan). General Council of Andorra. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
"Diari d'Andorra - Enllestida la llei d'unions civils amb el procés d'adopció dels matrimonis" (in Catalan). Diari Andorra. Archived from the original on 2015-07-05. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
^ "Portugal: Parlamento enterra três projetos sobre adoção gay e outro sobre fertilização assistida no mesmo dia". Revista Lado A (in Portuguese). January 22, 2015. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
^ Lourenço, Nuno Sá; Rodrigues, Sofia (22 January 2015). "Adopção gay chumbada pela quarta vez com os votos da direita" (in Portuguese). PÚBLICO. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
RadioKerry (March 12, 2015). "Children and Family Relationships Bill passes all stages in the Dáil - Radio Kerry - 96-98FM - Your Voice in The Kingdom". Radio Kerry. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"The Children and Family Relationship Bill is passed in the Seanad". newstalk.com. March 31, 2015. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Proyecto de ley que crea el Acuerdo de Vida en Pareja" (in Spanish). Cámara de Diputados de Chile. August 17, 2011. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
McHugh Emily (January 7, 2014). "Senate takes first step toward gay civil unions". The Santiago Times. Archived from the original on January 9, 2014. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
Lavers, Michael K. (April 23, 2015). "Ecuadorian lawmakers approve civil unions bill". Washington Blade: Gay News, Politics, LGBT Rights. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Ecuador aprobó la unión homosexual como un estado civil" (in Spanish). Diario Correo Peru. April 22, 2015. Retrieved April 22, 2015.
"Ecuador reconoce la Unión de Hecho Homosexual como un estado civil". ILGALAC (in Spanish). 22 April 2015. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Nr 526" (PDF) (in Spanish). Asamblea Nacional. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
^ "Knesset shoots down civil union bills". The Jerusalem Post. July 8, 2015. Retrieved July 9, 2015.
"Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution (Marriage Equality) Bill 2015". Oireachtas. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"Marriage Bill 2015". Oireachtas. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
O'Regan, Michael; Bardon, Sarah (October 22, 2015). "Same-sex marriage legislation passes all stages in Oioreachtas". Irish Times. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Plucinka, Joanna (October 29, 2015). "Ireland signs gay marriage into law". Time. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Gerdes, Spefanie (October 16, 2015). "Germany grants gay couples more rights, still refuses equal marriage". Gay Star News. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
"Bereinigungsgesetz": Bundesrat nickt Mini-Reform durch". queer.de. November 6, 2015. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
Hazou, Elias; Chrysostomou, Annette (26 November 2015). "House passes historic civil partnerships bill". Cypurs Mail. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015.
"Civil unions become law". In-Cyprus. 26 November 2015. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015.
"URMARIREA PROCESULUI LEGISLATIV" (in Romanian). Camera Deputatilor. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Parteneriatul civil, respins de Senat. Condiţia pe care au pus-o senatorii care susţin legalizarea uniunilor între persoane de acelaşi sex". Gandul.info (in Romanian). April 2015. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
Nicolae, Andrei (17 December 2015). "Parlamentul a RESPINS legea parteneriatelor homosexuale. Deputat PSD: Dacă s-ar fi adoptat inițiativa cu delfinul persoană non-umană, cineva ar fi propus legalizarea căsătoriei între o persoană și un delfin". ActiveNews - Știri necenzurate (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
"Slovenia allows same-sex couples to marry, adopt children". Reuters. 4 March 2015. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Slovenia rejects same-sex marriage in a referendum". Reuters. 20 December 2015.
"Greek Parliament approves law on same-sex civil partnerships". ekathimerini. Archived from the original on 23 December 2015.
"Parliament Passes Cohabitation Act; President Proclaims It". Estonian Public Broadcasting. September 10, 2014. Archived from the original on November 30, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Registered Partnership Act". Riigi Teataja. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Cohabitation Act to enter force without implementing acts". ERR. 10 December 2015. Archived from the original on 15 December 2015. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
Kangro, Karin (10 December 2015). "Kooseluseaduse rakendusaktid jäävad sel aastal vastu võtmata". Postimees (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
"Projeto de Lei 5/XIII/1". Parlamento (in European Portuguese). Assembleia da República. 31 May 2010. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
Newman, Marissa (24 February 2016). "Day after marking LGBT rights, Knesset nixes 5 gender equality bills". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 14 July 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
"Schweiz will ausländischen Lebenspartnern die Einbürgerung erleichtern" (in German). queer.de. March 15, 2016. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
"Mariage gay et naturalisation traités en parallèle". Le Matin (in French). 26 September 2016. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
"6908" (in French). Chambre des Députés du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
"Zakon o partenerski zvezi" (in Slovenian). Državni zbor. Archived from the original on 2015-12-23. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
Kos, David (24 April 2016). "Državni zbor sprejel zakon o partnerski zvezi". SiolNET. (in Slovenian). Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
"Atto Senato n. 2081" (in Italian). Senate. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
Rubino, Monica; Ananasso, Agnese (February 25, 2016). "Unioni civili, sì del Senato alla fiducia. Renzi: "Ha vinto l'amore"" (in Italian). La Repubblica. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
"Unioni civili, ok definitivo della Camera: approvata la legge. Renzi: giorno di festa" (in Italian). Il Sole 24Ore. May 11, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2016.
"Projeto de Lei 36/XIII". Parlamento (in European Portuguese). Assembleia da República. Archived from the original on 2015-12-09. Retrieved 2015-12-08.
"Homosexuelle sollen Stiefkinder adoptieren dürfen". Tages-Anzeiger (in German). March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
"Schweizerisches Zivilgesetzbuch (Adoption)" (PDF). Federal Gazette (Switzerland). Retrieved 6 November 2016.
"Reform des Namensrechts eingetragener Partner (Nr. 14/2016) [1. Lesung: 4. März 2016] - Stellungnahme der Regierung (Nr. 80/2016); 2. Lesung" (in German). Landtag of Liechtenstein. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
"Gesetz vom 31. August 2016 über die Änderung des Partnerschaftsgesetzes". Gesetze.li (in German). Landesverwaltung Fürstentum Liechtenstein. 31 August 2016. Archived from the original on 6 November 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
"ΝΟΜΟΣ ΥΠ' ΑΡΙΘΜ. 4443" (in Greek). Archived from the original on 2017-01-22. Retrieved 2016-12-12.
"Same-sex couples' law passes through House, despite absentee MPs". eKathimerini. 2 December 2016. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
"1345 d.B. (XXV. GP) - Deregulierungs- und Anpassungsgesetz 2016 - Inneres". Parlamento (in German). 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
"156/2015 Lag om ändring av äktenskapslagen" (in Swedish). Finlex. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"RP 65/2015 rd Regeringens proposition till riksdagen med förslag till vissa lagändringar till följd av en ändring av äktenskapslagen" (in Swedish). Eduskunta Riksdagen. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
"All systems go for gender-neutral marriage in 2017". Yle. 8 April 2016. Archived from the original on 10 April 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2016.
"HE 232/2016 vp" (in Finnish). Parliament of Finland. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
"Bill No. 178 - Cohabitation Bill". Parliament of Malta. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
"Civilinio kodekso 2.18, 2.19, 3.3, 3.16, 3.140, 3.141, 3.143, 3.146, 3.147, 3.150, 3.155 straipsn..." e-seimas.lrs.lt. Archived from the original on 2017-08-05. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
"Seime žlugo bandymas įteisinti vyro ir moters bei homoseksualų partnerystę". DELFI (in Lithuanian). 15 June 2017. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
"An Bille Uchtála (Leasú), 2016 ; Adoption (Amendment) Bill 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-11-17. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
"Adoption reform bill is signed into law by President Higgins". Newstalk. 19 July 2017. Archived from the original on 8 November 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
Smale, Alison; Shimer, David (30 June 2017). "German Parliament Approves Same-Sex Marriage". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 30, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
"Same-sex marriage bill clears German upper house". Deutsche Welle. dpa. 7 July 2017. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 9 July 2017.
"Germany's first same-sex marriages expected in October". The Local Germany. dpa. 21 July 2017. Archived from the original on 21 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
Pace, Yannick (12 July 2017). "Malta legalises same-sex marriage, as parliament votes in favour of marriage equality bill". Malta Today. Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
"Marriage Act and other Laws (Amendement) of 2017". LEĠIŻLAZZJONI MALTA.
Cui, Fandi (12 August 2019). "Beijing Approves Mutual Guardianship for Gay Couple". Sixth Tone. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
Nonato, Vince F. (21 October 2017). "Alvarez files house bill recognizing LGBT unions". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
"Proyectos de Ley". Camara de Diputados de Chile (in Galician). June 16, 2016. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
"Cámara de Diputados de Chile. Trabajo en sala: Detalle de Votación". Camara de Diputados de Chile (in Galician). December 1, 2016. Archived from the original on 2 December 2016. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
"Avanza proyecto para que trabajadores que celebren Acuerdo de Unión Civil tengan derecho a cinco días libres". Camara de Diputados de Chile (in Spanish). December 1, 2016. Archived from the original on October 19, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
"Senado República de Chile - Sala de sesiones - Sesión 55". Republica de Chile Senado (in Spanish). Archived from the original on October 19, 2017. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
Karp, Paul (29 November 2017). "Same-sex marriage bill passes in Australian Senate". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 29, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2024.
Sainty, Lane (7 December 2017). "The Australian Parliament Just Passed Same-Sex Marriage Into Law". BuzzFeed. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
"Parliament approves law to allow children of same-sex couples to have two mothers from birth". YLE. 28 February 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
"Greece passes law to end 'regime of grief' on adoption red tape". Reuters. Athens. 9 May 2018. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
"Μέτρα για την προώθηση των Θεσμών της Αναδοχής και Υιοθεσίας και άλλες διατάξεις" (in Greek). Hellenic Parliament. Archived from the original on 2019-07-09. Retrieved 2018-05-17.
Hay, Shahar; Lukash, Alexandra; Cohen, Nir (11 June 2018). "PM brags about gay community, but Knesset rejects same-sex civil union bill". Ynetnews. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
"Embryo Protection (Amendment) Bill". Parliament of Malta. 13 April 2018. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
Costa, Massimo (19 June 2018). "[WATCH] Parliament votes in favour of 'historic' IVF law changes amid pro-life groups' demonstration". MaltaToday.com.mt. Archived from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
"SaS nepresadila zákon o životných partnerstvách, ktoré by mohli uzatvárať aj páry rovnakého pohlavia". Denník. 18 September 2018.
"Nový návrh zákona od SaS: Kompromis pre heterosexuálne aj homosexuálne páry!?". Nový Čas (in Slovak). 23 July 2018. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
"Progetto di legge di iniziativa popolare "Regolamentazione delle Unioni Civili"" (in Italian). San Marino: Consiglio Grande e Generale. Archived from the original on 2018-07-02. Retrieved 2018-07-02.
"San Marino passes civil union law for same-sex couples". Gay Star News. Archived from the original on 2019-05-15. Retrieved 2018-11-16.
"Proyecto de decreto por el que se reforman y adicionan diversas disposiciones de las Leyes del Seguro Social y del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado". infosen.senado.gob.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-10-05.
Morales, Felipe; Cortés, Nayeli (28 November 2018). "Diputados aprueban que IMSS e ISSSTE extienden derechos a parejas del mismo sexo" (in Spanish). El Heraldo de México. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
Cullell, Jon Martín (2018-11-08). "México da un paso más en el reconocimiento de los derechos de las parejas homosexuales". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2020-12-05.
"Gacenta Parlamentaria Anexo V" (PDF) (in Spanish). Camara de Diputados. November 28, 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 26, 2021. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
Ulises, Edgar (21 July 2021). "Requisitos para dar seguridad social a tu pareja LGBT+". Homosensual (in Spanish). Archived from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
Marsh, Sarah (21 July 2018). "Cuba's draft constitution opens path to gay marriage". Reuters. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
Vela, Hatzel (18 December 2018). "Cuba eliminates gay marriage language from new constitution". Local10.com. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
"Bundesrat winkt Begleitgesetz zur Ehe für alle durch" (in German). queer.de. 14 December 2018. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
"Gesetz zur Umsetzung des Gesetzes zur Einführung des Rechts auf Eheschließung für Personen gleichen Geschlechts" (PDF) (in German). Bundesgesetzblatt. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
"Romanian Senate rejects civil partnership bills". Romania Insider. 19 March 2019.
"Pl-x nr. 498/2016" (in Romanian). Bucarest: Camera Deputatilor. Archived from the original on 2017-03-03. Retrieved 2017-03-02.
"Propunere legislativă privind parteneriatul civil" (in Romanian). Senatul României. Archived from the original on 2017-03-03. Retrieved 2017-03-02.
中華民國立法院. 議案系統-議案查詢明細. misq.ly.gov.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 2019-05-17.
制定司法院釋字第七四八號解釋施行法 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 中華民國總統府. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
Herrera-Dy, Bernadette. "House Bill No. 1357" (PDF). 18th Congress of the House of Representatives. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
"Focus on 'human rights aspects' of same-sex civil union, Roman tells Sotto". BusinessWorld. 23 October 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
"Senate Bill No. 417: An Instituting a Property Regime for Cohabiting Same Sex Partners and For Other Purposes" (PDF). Senate of the Philippines. 15 July 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
"195/BNR (XXVI. GP) - Bundesgesetz vom 15. Juni 1978 über das internationale Privatrecht". Republik Osterreich Parlament (in German). Vienna. Archived from the original on December 7, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Nationalrat beseitigt letzte Hürden bei der "Ehe für alle" (PK-Nr. 764/2019)". Republik Osterreich Parlament (in German). Vienna. 2 July 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Law liberalising abortion and same-sex marriage in NI passes final stage". The Irish Times. 22 July 2019. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
"Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
"Montenegro MPs against the Law on Life Partnership of the Same-Sex Persons". Independent Balkan News Agency. 2 August 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
"n° 974 - Projet de loi relative au contrat de vie commune". Conseil National (in French).
"Usvojen Zakon o životnom partnerstvu" (in Montenegrin). RTCG. 1 July 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
"Bill to allow same-sex partnerships in Lithuania falls at first hurdle". 25 May 2021.
"MODIFICHE NORMATIVE PER IL COORDINAMENTO DELLA LEGGE 20 NOVEMBRE 2018 N.147 "REGOLAMENTAZIONE DELLE UNIONI CIVILI"" [REGULATORY AMENDMENTS FOR THE COORDINATION OF THE LAW 20 NOVEMBER 2018 N.147 "REGULATION OF CIVIL UNIONS"] (in Italian). Repubblica di San Marino. 24 June 2021. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
"PMA pour toutes : Le projet de loi de bioéthique définitivement adopté par l'Assemblée nationale". Le Monde.fr.
"Projet de loi relative à la bioéthique" (in French). Sénat. 2 August 2021. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
"PMA for all: the bioethics bill just adopted". EngNews24h. Archived from the original on 2020-02-10. Retrieved 2020-02-08.
"13.468 - Ehe für alle - Curia Vista - Geschäftsdatenbank - Die Bundesversammlung - Das Schweizer Parlament" (in German). Schweizer Parlament. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Le National veut ouvrir le mariage aux couples homosexuels" (in French). La Liberté. 11 June 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
"Le parlement accepte le mariage pour tous". Le Temps (in French). 1 December 2020.
Lavers, Michael K. (December 8, 2014). "Same-sex marriage bill introduced in Chile". Washington Blade. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"El proyecto de ley de matrimonio igualitario llega al Parlamento de Chile" (in Spanish). Cáscara Amarga. December 11, 2014. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
Chile, Cámara de Diputados de. "Proyecto de Ley de Matrimonio Igualitario". Republica de Chile Senado.
"Proposición de la Comisión Mixta recaída en el proyecto de ley, originado en mensaje, que "Modifica diversos cuerpos legales para regular, en igualdad de condiciones, el matrimonio de parejas del mismo sexo."". Republica de Chile Senado. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
"Aprobación del informe de la Comisión Mixta, constituida para resolver las divergencias suscitadas entre ambas Cámaras durante la tramitación del proyecto de ley que modifica diversos cuerpos legales para regular, en igualdad de condiciones, el matrimonio de parejas del mismo sexo. (Boletín Nº 11.422-07). Con urgencia calificada de discusión inmediata". Republica de Chile Senado. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
"Family Code De Facto Unions Art. 245" (PDF). Retrieved 7 April 2023.
"La unió homosexual es dirà també casament" (in Catalan). Diari d'Andorra. 10 March 2020.
"Proposició de llei qualificada de la persona i de la família" (in Catalan). Consell General Principat d'Andorra. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
"Cuba announces same-sex marriage referendum". DW News. 23 July 2022.
"Cuba dice "sí" en referendo al matrimonio igualitario". SWI swissinfo.ch (in Spanish). 26 September 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
"Prepoved posvajanja otrok istospolnim parom ni ustavna. Mesec: Zakon je že v pripravi". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 2022-07-09.
AFP (2022-10-04). "Slovenia parliament legalises marriage, adoption for gay couples". Insider Paper. Retrieved 2022-10-04.
"Queer people looking at more rights after Bratislava murders". 17 October 2022.
"House Democrats tee up votes on same-sex marriage, contraception rights". washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
"Latvian parliament rejects Civil Union Law; work on 13th Saeima's initiative to stop". Baltic News Network. 17 December 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Congreso se opone a derechos de la comunidad LGBTI+ y archiva el proyecto de matrimonio igualitario". 17 December 2022.
"Proposició de llei qualificada de modificació de la Llei 30/2022, del 21 de juliol, qualificada de la persona i de la família" (in Catalan). congres d'Andorra. 23 January 2023.
"Legislature approves adoption rights for same-sex couples". Focus Taiwan. 16 May 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
"Gay marriage may soon become legal in Estonia". CNE. March 21, 2023. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Abieluvõrdsus tuleb! Koalitsioon leppis kokku abieluvõrdsuse kehtestamises". Vikervaade. 8 April 2023. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Latvian parliament legalizes same-sex civil partnerships". 9 November 2023.
"Latvian parliament legalizes same-sex partnerships". Reuters. 9 November 2023.
"Γάμος ομόφυλων ζευγαριών: Με 175 «ναι» πέρασε τελικά το νομοσχέδιο – Ποια ψήφος δεν προσμετρήθηκε σωστά". NAFTEMPORIKI (in Greek). February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
"Ισότητα στον πολιτικό γάμο, τροποποίηση του Αστικού Κώδικα σε άλλες διατάξεις". Government Gazette (in Greek). 16 February 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
"Sněmovní tisk 201 - Novela z. - občanský zákoník" (in Czech). Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
"Czech president Miloš Zeman vows to block same-sex marriages". AP NEWS. 2022-06-07. Retrieved 2022-06-08.
"Sněmovnu čeká rozhodnutí o sňatcích párů stejného pohlaví. Desítky poslanců stále váhají". ČT24. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
"Nach Abstimmung in der Schweiz wird Ehe für alle in Liechtenstein wieder Thema". SWR (in German). 3 October 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
"Gesetzesänderung für die Ehe für alle verabschiedet". Archived from the original on 2023-07-13. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
"Diritti: matrimonio "egualitario". Opinioni a confronto: Scalfarotto vs Bonaldi vs Centinaio". 9 March 2023. Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
"Da Zaia a Centinaio: la Lega ora cambia sui diritti lgbt (e c'entra "l'effetto Francesca")". 10 March 2023. Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
"NCP MP Supriya Sule introduces bill in Parl on legalising same-sex marriage". Kyodo News. 2023-03-06. Retrieved 2023-03-06.
"Kosovo promises to introduce same-sex unions in May – Euractiv".
"Rights court rules Poland should recognise same-sex partnerships". Reuters.
"Bill 71 -- 1992 medical and health care services act". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"BILL 71 -- 1992 Third Reading". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"Bill 49 -- 1993 adult guardianship act". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"BILL 51 -- 1993 HEALTH CARE (CONSENT) AND CARE FACILITY (ADMISSION) ACT". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"BILL 60 -- 1993 PENSION STATUTES AMENDMENT ACT, 1993". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"Domestic Relationships Act 1994". ACT Government. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
"Other Domestic Partnership Updates". Queer Resources Directory. Summer 1994. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"BILL 37 -- 1995 VICTIMS OF CRIME ACT". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"BILL 51 -- 1995 ADOPTION ACT". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
Ammon, Richard. "Gay Greenland--Past and Present". Global Gayz. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Danish Partnership Act in Greenland". Cibercity. Archived from the original on March 3, 2009. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
"1995-96 - L 162 (oversigt): Forslag til lov om ændring af kriminalloven og arveloven for Grønland. (Ændringer som følge af indførelse af registreret partnerskab)" (in Danish). Webarkiv.dk. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Reglamento regulador del Registro de Uniones de Hecho" (in Spanish). Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"BILL 31 -- 1997 FAMILY RELATIONS AMENDMENT ACT, 1997". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
^ Galán, José Ignacio Pichardo. "Same-sex couples in Spain. Historical, contextual and symbolic factors" (PDF). Institut national d'études démographiques. Retrieved December 30, 2012.
Leston, Cesar (July 1998). "Catalonia has granted Domestic Partnership rights". ILGA. Archived from the original on 2012-02-27. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"AN ACT TO AMEND THE FAMILY PROPERTY AND SUPPORT ACT, Chapter 8, Statutes of the Yukon 1998" (PDF). Government of Yukon. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
Leston, Cesar (April 1999). "Domestic Partnership bill passed in Aragon". ILGA. Archived from the original on 2012-02-27. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
^ ""Sexual Orientation and Legal Rights", Background Paper, Parliamentary Information and Research Service, Library of Parliament, Publication 08-49-E, revised 24 February 2010" (PDF). Parliament of Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2014. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"Estate Administration Act 1999". Yukon Government. April 1, 1999. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
^ "Sexual Orientation and Legal Rights". Archived from the original on 2016-01-28. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
"Bill n°32 : An Act to amend various legislative provisions concerning de facto spouses". National Assembly of Québec. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"Property (Relationships) Legislation Amendment Act 1999 No 4" (PDF). New South Wales Government. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"BILL 100 -- 1999 DEFINITION OF SPOUSE AMENDMENT ACT, 1999". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"Bill 5, Amendments Because of the Supreme Court of Canada Decision in M. v. H. Act, 1999". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"LEY FORAL 6/2000, DE 3 DE JULIO, PARA LA IGUALDAD JURÍDICA DE LAS PAREJAS ESTABLES" (in Spanish). Lexnavarra.navarra.es. Retrieved April 4, 2014.
"Decreto 124/2000, de 11 de julio, por el que se regula la creación y el régimen de funcionamiento del Registro de parejas de hecho de la comunidad autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"BILL 21 — 2000 DEFINITION OF SPOUSE AMENDMENT ACT, 2000". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
McGregor, Lisa (15 August 2000). "PM - ACT approves surrogacy bill". ABC Local Radio. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
"Opinion on Common-Law Relationships of Jennifer A. Cooper, Q.C." Manitoba Government. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Law Reform (2000) Act". The Nova Scotia Legislature. Retrieved September 25, 2012.
"CHAPTER 29 - AN ACT TO AMEND THE FAMILY LAW ACT". Assembly.nl.ca. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"An Act to Amend the Family Services Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Registered partnerships in Switzerland". Religioustolerance.org. September 9, 2002. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
"Loi sur le partenariat" (PDF) (in French). La France Gaie et Lesbienne. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Ley 1/2001, de 6 de abril, por la que se regulan las uniones de hecho". Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
"Statute Law Amendment (Relationships) Act 2001" (PDF). The Parliament of Victoria. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
"AN ACT TO COMPLY WITH THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA DECISION IN M. v. H." Government of Manitoba. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"An Act to amend certain Statutes respecting Domestic Relations" (PDF). Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"An Act to amend certain Statutes respecting Domestic Relations (No. 2)" (PDF). Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Statute Law Further Amendment (Relationships) Act 2001" (PDF). The Parliament of Victoria. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
"CHAPTER 22 - AN ACT TO AMEND THE LAW TO CONSIDER SAME SEX COHABITING PARTNERS IN THE SAME MANNER AS OPPOSITE SEX COHABITING PARTNERS". Assembly.nl.ca. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"Llei 18/2001 de 19 de desembre, de parelles estables" (in Catalan). Govern de les Illes Balears. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Llei 18/2001 de 19 de desembre, de parelles estables" (in Spanish). Comunidad de Madrid. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"NEWFOUNDLAND OKS GAY ADOPTION". EBESCO Host. Archived from the original on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
"Acts Amendment (Lesbian and Gay Law Reform) Act 2002". State Law Publisher. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"BILLS OTHER THAN GOVERNMENT BILLS". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Yukon Territory: Yukon Legislative Assembly. 8 May 2002.
"LEY 4/2002, de 23 de mayo, de Parejas Estables" (PDF) (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Act to Amend the Adoption Act and Family Law Act". Canadian Parliamentary Review. June 11, 2002. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"Bill n°84 : An Act instituting civil unions and establishing new rules of filiation". National Assembly of Quebec. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"The Charter Compliance Act". Government of Manitoba. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"The Common-Law Partners' Property And Related Amendments Act". Government of Manitoba. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Zurich grants gay couples more rights". Swissinfo.ch. September 22, 2009. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
"Miscellaneous Acts Amendment (Relationships) Act 2002". Australasian Legal Information Institute. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"MISCELLANEOUS ACTS AMENDMENT (RELATIONSHIPS) ACT 2002 - NOTES". Australasian Legal Information Institute. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"DECRETO 117/2002, de 24 de octubre, por el que se crea el Registro de Uniones de Hecho en Castilla y León y se regula su funcionamiento" (PDF) (in Spanish). Junta de Castilla y León. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Bill 30-2: Adult Interdependent Relationships Act (Hancock)". Assembly.ab.ca. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"Discrimination Law Amendment Act 2002" (PDF). Queensland Government. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"LEY 5/2002, de 16 de diciembre, de Parejas de Hecho" (PDF) (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 16, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"An Act to Amend the Family Law Act" (PDF). Prince Edward Island Legislative Assembly. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
Magli, Rosario (December 14, 2002). "Buenos Aires Approves Gay Civil Unions". The Gully. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"LEY Nº 1.004 - UNION CIVIL" (in Spanish). notivida.org. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"LEY 5/2003, de 6 de marzo, para la regulación de las parejas de hecho en la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Ley 5/2003, de 20 de marzo, de Parejas de Hecho de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Ley 2/2003, de 7 de mayo, reguladora de las parejas de hecho". Noticias Juridicas (in Spanish). Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"LEY Nº 3736 CONVIVENCIA HOMOSEXUAL" (in Spanish). notivida.com.ar. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Statutes Amendment (Equal Superannuation Entitlements for Same Sex Couples) Act 2003" (PDF). Government of South Australia. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
"Relationships Act 2003". Tasmanian Legislation. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Parentage Act 2004" (PDF). ACT Parliamentary Counsel. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
^ "Le pacs gagne du terrain" (in French). Gayromandie. January 27, 2004. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"LAW REFORM (GENDER, SEXUALITY AND DE FACTO RELATIONSHIPS) ACT 2003". Government of Northern Territory. Archived from the original on April 7, 2015. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"DE FACTO RELATIONSHIPS ACT - NOTES". Australasian Legal Information Institute. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Ley 2/2004, de 3 de mayo, de modificación de la Ley 6/1999, de 26 de marzo, relativa a parejas estables no casadas" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
"Constitution du 16 mai 2004". Etat de Fribourg saat Freiburg (in French). Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Relationship Declaration Program" (PDF). City of Sydney. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"Bill n°59 : An Act to amend the Civil Code as regards marriage". National Assembly of Quebec. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
"38:1 Bill 171, Spousal Relationships Statute Law Amendment Act, 2005". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
"MODERNIZATION OF BENEFITS AND OBLIGATIONS ACT" (PDF). Northwest Territories Department of Justice. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Ley 3/2005, de 8 de abril, de modificación de la Ley 9/1998, del Código de Familia" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
"CATALONIA OKs GAY ADOPTION". January 28, 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-01-28.
"Ley de Cantabria 1/2005, de 16 de mayo, de Parejas de Hecho de la Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Civil Partnership (Armed Forces) Order 2005" (PDF). Legislation.gov.uk. 7 December 2005.
"THE CIVIL PARTNERSHIP ACT 2004 (APPLICATION) (No. 2) ORDER 2005" (PDF). Isle of Man Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
"De Facto Relationships Act 2005" (PDF). Government of Norfolk Island. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
"Civil Unions Bill 2006". ACT Parliamentary Counsel. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
Cota, Erich (November 17, 2006). "Mexico City Approves Same Sex Unions". Ohmy News. Archived from the original on November 20, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
Grew, Tony (December 6, 2006). "South Australia gays get new rights". Pink News. Archived from the original on May 16, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"Mexican state approves gay civil unions". Mail & Guardian Online. January 13, 2007. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"ADOPTION AND CHILDREN (SCOTLAND) ACT 2007". legislation.gov.uk.
"MSPs vote for same-sex adoption". December 7, 2006 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
"Civil Partnerships Bill 2006". ACT Parliamentary Counsel. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"Gay couple leaps 'walls' to adopt son". Postmedia News. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
"Relationship declaration program". City of Melbourne. April 2, 2007. Archived from the original on October 31, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"Relationship Declaration Register". City of Yarra. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Córdoba: aprueban la unión civil entre homosexuales en Villa Carlos Paz" (in Spanish). Clarin. November 23, 2007. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"Assisted Reproductive Technology Act 2007 No 69" (PDF). New South Wales Government. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Decreto 248/2007, de 20 de diciembre, por el que se crea y se regula el Registro de Parejas de Hecho de Galicia" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"REGLAMENTO REGULADOR DEL REGISTRO DE PAREJAS DE HECHO DE LA CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MELILLA" (PDF) (in Spanish). Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Relationship Bill 2007" (PDF). Victorian Legislation and Parliamentary Documents. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"ACT recognises same sex couples". The Age. May 20, 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"Domestic Relations Act" (PDF). Prince Edward Island Legislative Assembly. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 5, 2018. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Miscellaneous Acts Amendment (Same Sex Relationships) Bill 2008". The Age. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"The Statutes Correction and Minor Amendments Act, 2008". Government of Manitoba. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act 2008" (PDF). Victorian Legislation and Parliamentary Documents. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Woollahra to get same-sex register". December 10, 2008.
"Modernization of Benefits and Obligations Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
"Río Cuarto: aprueban la unión civil de parejas gays" (in Spanish). La Voz. Archived from the original on September 3, 2012. Retrieved May 7, 2009.
"Anordning om ikrafttræden for Grønland af lov om ændring af lov om registreret partnerskab m.v." (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-07.
^ "New Caledonia catches up to France". Sydney Star Observer. June 9, 2009. Retrieved October 4, 2009.
^ "LOI n° 2009-594 du 27 mai 2009 pour le développement économique des outre-mer". Légifrance. Retrieved January 25, 2016.
"Chapter m-1.02 an act respecting marriage in the province". Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"The Looked After Children (Scotland) Regulations 2009". UK Legislation. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
Geen, Jessica (September 30, 2009). "Tasmania to give gay couples official ceremonies". PinkNews. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"ACT win fight on gay wedding laws". AdelaideNow. November 26, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"Chapter 31 an act to amend the law with respect to the definition of spouse". Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
Castillo, E. Eduardo (December 21, 2009). "Mexico City Approves Gay Marriage". The Huffington Post. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
"SURROGACY ACT 2010 No. 2". Austlii.edu.au. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Relationship Declaration Service". Blue Mountains City Council. Archived from the original on February 1, 2016. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
"Massive support for register". Star Observer. May 13, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Relationships Register Bill 2010". Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 11 June 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
"Decreto 30/2010, de 14 de mayo, por el que se crea el Registro de Parejas de Hecho de La Rioja" (in Spanish). El Gobierno de La Rioja. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Wien gleicht Eingetragene Partner an Ehepaare an" (in German). GGG.at. June 24, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Eingetragene Partnerschaften: Sammelnovelle im Wiener Landtag" (in German). APA. June 24, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Ley 25/2010, de 29 de julio, del libro segundo del Código civil de Cataluña, relativo a la persona y la familia" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
Potts, Andrew M. (September 2, 2010). "Same-sex adoption passes Legislative Assembly". Star Observer. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
Akersten, Matthew (September 9, 2010). "Knife-edge for NSW adoption vote". Same Same. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Adoption Amendment (Same Sex Couples) Bill 2010 (No 2)". Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 11 June 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
"Relationships Amendment (Recognition of Registered Relationships) Bill 2010" (PDF). Parliament of Tasmania. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
Potts, Andrew M. (September 1, 2010). "Tasmania votes to recognise foreign same-sex marriages". Star Observer. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Surrogacy Bill 2010". Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 11 June 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
"Tweede aanpassingswet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba, A" (in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
Corker, Sarah (March 15, 2011). "Isle of Man gay couples get right to civil partnership". BBC. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Family Relationships (Parentage) Amendment Act 2011" (PDF). Government of South Australia. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
"Statutes Amendment (De Facto Relationships) Act 2011" (PDF). Government of South Australia. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
"AN ACT TO AMEND SEVERAL ACTS FOR CONSTITUTIONAL VALIDITY (SPOUSAL BENEFITS AND OBLIGATIONS)" (PDF). Legislative Assembly of Nunavut. 23 October 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2016.
"BILL 16 — 2011 FAMILY LAW ACT". Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
"Civil Partnerships Bill 2011" (PDF). Queensland Government. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
Agius, Kym (December 1, 2011). "Bligh asks ALP to support gay marriage". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"The Inheritance (Guernsey) Law 2011". States of Guernsey. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
"Jersey States approves civil partnerships". BBC. July 12, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Civil Partnership (Jersey) Law 2012". Jersey Law. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Civil Partnerships and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2012" (PDF). Queensland Government. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
Hurst, Daniel (June 21, 2012). "Gays face surrogacy ban as LNP pushes civil union changes". Brisbane Times.
"Civil Unions Bill 2011". ACT Government. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Assembly passes civil unions reforms". Canberra Times. August 23, 2012. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
Harrison, Dan (August 21, 2012). "Tasmania's gay marriage bill clears first hurdle". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
"Tasmania's Upper House votes down gay marriage". Abc.net.au. September 28, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"Burgerlijk wetboek BES, boek 1" (in Dutch). overheid.nl. Retrieved October 12, 2012.
"NUMERICAL TABLE of the ACTS OF PARLIAMENT 2012". The Department of Premier and Cabinet. Archived from the original on April 24, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"SURROGACY ACT 2012 (NO. 34 OF 2012)". Australasian Legal Information Institute. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Relationship Declaration Register". City of Vincent. Archived from the original on November 15, 2015. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Choi, Sum (March 29, 2013). "AL: Same-sex unions "not accepted in Chinese communities", bill vetoed". Macaudailytimes.com.mo. Archived from the original on 2016-01-28. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
Novak, Lauren (July 25, 2013). "Legalising gay unions would ensure marriage remains relevant, says Premier Jay Weatherill". News.com.au. Australian Marriage Equality. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
"Amendment Act 2013". Australasian Legal Information Institute. Archived from the original on January 25, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Tasmanian Upper House passes gay adoption bill". News.com.au. Australian Marriage Equality. June 28, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
^ "Congreso de Colima aprueba enlaces conyugales de parejas gay" (in Spanish). informador.mx. July 4, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
^ Quilles, Alfredo (July 29, 2013). "Colima declara válida la ley sobre bodas gay" (in Spanish). El Universal. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Reglamenta Congreso de Colima bodas de parejas gay" (in Spanish). Horacero. August 9, 2013. Archived from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Smiley, Stephen (26 November 2013). "Tasmanian Upper House MPs reject bid to revive debate on same-sex marriage". ABC News.
"Australian Capital Territory legalises same-sex marriage". BBC. October 22, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Mexican State of Jalisco Passes Same-Sex Civil Unions Law". Lez Get Real. October 31, 2013. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
Potts, Andrew (November 14, 2013). "Vote on gay marriage fails in first Australian state". Gay Star News. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
"Legalizan bodas gays en Campeche" (in Spanish). SDP Noticias. December 23, 2013. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
"Aprueban adopción gay en Coahuila" (in Spanish). El Siglo de Torreón. 12 February 2014.
"Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Bill". Scottish Parliament. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Scotland's same-sex marriage bill is passed". BBC. February 4, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Roberts, Scott (March 18, 2014). "Faroe Islands: Equal marriage bill voted down". Pinknews.co.uk. Archived from the original on March 24, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
"Civil Partnerships Bill Passed in Parliament". GBC News. March 21, 2014. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014.
"CIVIL PARTNERSHIP ACT 2014" (PDF). Laws of Gibraltar. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
"No a los matrimonios de homosexuales: Congreso" (in Spanish). El Sol de Durango. April 11, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2014.
^ "Overseas Marriage (Armed Forces) Order 2014" (PDF). Legislation.gov.uk. 28 April 2014.
"Bill 12: Statutes Amendment Act, 2014". Legislative Assembly of Alberta. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
Montenegro, Alejandro (September 1, 2014). "Aprueban matrimonios gay en Coahuila" (in Spanish). Vanguardia. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Mexican state of Coahuila legalizes same-sex marriage". LGBTQ Nation. September 2, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Gay Marriage Law Takes Effect In Mexican State Of Coahuila". ontopmag.com. September 17, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
"NSW recognises overseas gay marriage". News Mail. November 14, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"ACT TO AMEND THE MARRIAGE ACT" (PDF). Government of Yukon. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
"Pitcairn Island: Same Sex Marriage and Civil Partnership Ordinance 2015". Equality Case Files. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"The town of Port Hedland establishes a Relationship Declaration Register Policy". Town of Port Hedland. Archived from the original on 2015-09-13. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
"Relationship declaration register now open". The town of Port Hedland. September 15, 2015. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Arcuri, Dean (27 August 2015). "All relationships are welcome in Port Hedland WA, irrespective of gender". Samesame.com.au. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016.
Vargas, Yamillete García (September 7, 2015). "Aprueban Código Familiar en Michoacán; no incluye matrimonios gay" (in Spanish). Quadratin. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"PERIÓDICO OFICIAL DEL GOBIERNO CONSTITUCIONAL DEL ESTADO DE MICHOACÁN DE OCAMPO" (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-10-30. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"The Inheritance (Alderney) Law, 2015". Government of Guernsey. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
"Hansard Report from States Meeting on 17th June 2015". 10 April 2019.
"Recent Changes - Guernsey Legal Resources". February 4, 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-02-04.
"2015 Billet d'État XXIII: The Income Tax (Guernsey) (Amendment) Ordinance, 2015". Government of Guernsey. p. 3477. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
"BILLET D'ÉTAT No. XXIII, 2015". Government of Guernsey. 9 December 2015. pp. 9–12. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
"States meeting on 8th December, 2015 (Billets: XXIII, XXIV, XXV)". Government of Guernsey. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
"Adoption Amendment (Adoption by Same-Sex Couples) Bill 2015". Victorian Legislation and Parliamentary Documents. Archived from the original on March 18, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
Preiss, Benjamin (December 9, 2015). "Victorian same-sex couples allowed to adopt children". The Age.
"Relationships (Civil Partnerships) and Other Acts Amendment Act 2015" (PDF). Queensland Government. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
"Queensland brings back civil unions for same-sex couples". the Guardian. December 3, 2015.
"Aprueba el Congreso de Nayarit los matrimonios gay" (in Spanish). La Jornada. December 17, 2015. Archived from the original on December 20, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
"Ullormut oqaluuserisassat - Inatsisartut" (in Danish). Inatsisartut. Archived from the original on March 13, 2016. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
"Forslag til: Inatsisartutbeslutning om at Grønlands Selvstyre tiltræder Anordning om ikrafttræden for Grønland af dele af lov om ændring af lov om ægteskabs indgåelse og opløsning, lov om ægteskabets retsvirkninger og retsplejeloven og om ophævelse af lov om registreret partnerskab" (PDF) (in Danish). Inatsisartut. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"L 35 Forslag til lov om ændring af myndighedsloven for Grønland, lov om ikrafttræden for Grønland af lov om ægteskabets retsvirkninger, retsplejelov for Grønland og kriminallov for Grønland" (in Danish). Folketinget. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Akersten, Matt (October 5, 2015). "Victoria's government pushes ahead for adoption equality". Same Same. Archived from the original on November 9, 2015. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Relationships Amendment Bill 2015". Victorian Legislation and Parliamentary Documents. Archived from the original on 2015-10-30. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
"This province in Ecuador has just passed 'symbolic gay marriage'". Gay Star News. 6 March 2016. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
"Gobernador de Campeche envía iniciativa al Congreso sobre bodas gay". Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
"PRI y PAN a favor del matrimonio igualitario en Campeche". Comunica Campeche.
"Demanda tiene prioridad en el Congreso". Le Jornada Maya (in Spanish). May 4, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Aprueba Congreso de Campeche, reformas para permitir matrimonio igualitario y evitar matrimonio de menores". Archived from the original on 2016-05-13. Retrieved 2016-05-11.
"2016 March 2nd Billet VI Legislation - The Inheritance (Amendment) (Guernsey) Law, 2016". Government of Guernsey. pp. 150–151. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
"Resolutions, Billet VI, 2nd March 2016". Government of Guernsey. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
"Recent Changes - Guernsey Legal Resources". May 25, 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-05-25.
Esparza, Jesús Fernando Sandoval (July 10, 2015). "Presenta Paco Rodríguez propuesta para permitir las bodas gay en la entidad" (in Spanish). CN Digital. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Anula Congreso Enlaces Conyugales". Ecos de la Costa. May 6, 2016. Archived from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
"Diputados aprueban matrimonios igualitarios en Michoacán". Provincia. 18 May 2016. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
"Ahora sí, Michoacán entre los 8 estados que permiten matrimonios igualitarios". Archived from the original on 2016-08-16. Retrieved 2016-06-23.
"Island Council Minutes 31 May 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
"Marriage (Ascension) Ordinance, 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-02-14. Retrieved 2016-06-23.
"Family Relationships (Parentage Presumptions) Amendment Bill 2015" (PDF). South Australian Legislative Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-23. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
"South Australian female co-parents to be recognised on child's birth certificate". Star Observer. 11 February 2016.
"Family Relationships (Parentage Presumptions) Amendment Act 2016". Government of South Australia. 22 November 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
Sánchez, Antonieta (June 25, 2015). "Impulsan cambios a Código Familiar" (in Spanish). Diario de Moleros. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Isle of Man same-sex marriage bill approved". BBC. 26 April 2016. Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
Perraudin, Frances (9 March 2016). "Isle of Man equal marriage law more progressive than UK, says Peter Tatchell". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
"From Friday same-sex couples will be able to get married in the Isle of Man". IOMToday. 19 July 2016. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
"Aruba Parliament approves civil unions for same-sex couples". Archived from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2016-09-10.
"Amendement 7 v/d Stnldn dhr. A.C.G. Bikker, mw.mr. E.C. Wever-Croes, dhr. G.R. Herde en mw.drs. M.J. Lopez-Tromp mbt Aanvulling BWA". www.parlamento.aw (in Dutch).
A.L. Dowers (October 10, 2016). "LANDSVERORDENING van 23 september 2016 tot wijziging van het Burger-lijk Wetboek van Aruba (AB 1989 no. GT 100) in verband met een aantal on-derwerpen die nog een regeling of aanpassing in het Burgerlijk Wetboek van Aruba behoeven (aanvulling Burgerlijk Wetboek van Aruba)" (in Dutch). Afkondigingsblad van Aruba. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
"The Marriage Ordinance 2016 – Reasons and Occasion" (PDF). British Antarctic Territory. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"The Marriage Ordinance 2016" (PDF). Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory. October 13, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Equal marriage bill passed by Parliament". GBC. October 27, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Civil Marriage Amendment Act 2016 [No. 22 of 2016]" (PDF). Government of Gibraltar. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-17.
"Laws to allow same-sex couples to adopt pass Queensland Parliament". SBS News.
"Act No. 57 of 2016: Adoption and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2016" (PDF). Queensland Government. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
Espinosa, Veronica (November 24, 2016). "Votan diputados contra matrimonios gay en San Luis Potosí". Proceso (in Spanish). Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"No a los matrimonios Gay en SLP : Diputados". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
"Bill 28, All Families Are Equal Act (Parentage and Related Registrations Statute Law Amendment), 2016". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
"New Ontario law says same-sex parents don't have to adopt their own kids". CTVNews. November 29, 2016.
"Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration Amendment Bill 2016" (PDF).
"Relationships Register Bill 2016 (No.1)". Archived from the original on 2016-11-16. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
"Adoption (Review) Amendment Bill". Archived from the original on 2016-11-16. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
Gardiner, Roy (16 November 2016). "South Australia Moves To Allow Same-Sex Couples To Adopt". qnews. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
Leighton-Dore, Samuel (7 December 2016). "South Australian Same-Sex Couples Can Now Adopt". same same. Archived from the original on 19 December 2016.
"Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration (Gender Identity) Amendment Act 2016" (PDF).
Pérez, Lucía (29 December 2016). "Aprueba Congreso de Tlaxcala Ley de Sociedades de Convivencia". e-consulta (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 June 2023.
Jiménez Zamora, Gamaliel (2016-12-29). "Tlaxcala séptima entidad en contar con una Ley de Sociedades en Convivencia". Pulso Red (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2017-01-01.
"Periódico Oficial No. 2 Primera Sección, Enero 11 del 2017" (PDF).
"Rechazan ley de matrimonio igualitario en Durango". Archived from the original on February 7, 2017.
"Aprueban primera Constitución de la CDMX". Hoy Estado de México. 31 January 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
"BILL 13 MARRIAGE ACT" (PDF).
"Statutes Amendment (Surrogacy Eligibility) Bill". Archived from the original on 2016-11-25. Retrieved 2016-11-25.
"Statutes Amendment (Registered Relationships) Bill 2017". Parliament of South Australia. Archived from the original on 14 August 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2017.
"32-17P: Family Law Review – marriage reform" (PDF). Falkland Islands Government. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
Salerno, Rob (22 June 2017). "Falkland Islands Same-sex Marriage Update".
"2015 Billet d'État XXIII: Policy Council - Same-sex Marriage". Government of Guernsey. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
"Same-sex marriage gets Guernsey States approval". BBC. December 10, 2015. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
"States Meeting on 21st September (XXIII)". Guernsey Government. 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
Strudwick, Patrick (21 September 2016). "This Tiny Island Has Just Voted To Introduce Same-Sex Marriage". BuzzFeed.
"Resolutions, Billet D'Etat VIII, 26th April". States of Guernsey. Archived from the original on 26 April 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
"19/2015 Uppskot til rikislógartilmæli um at seta í gildi fyri Føroyar partar av broytingum í hjúnabandslógini og rættarvirknaðarlógini". Archived from the original on 2015-11-19. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
"Løgtingsmál nr. 19/2015: Uppskot til ríkislógartilmæli um at seta í gildi fyri Føroyar partar av broytingum í hjúnabandslógini og rættarvirknaðarlógini" (PDF).
Bird, The Perchy (April 29, 2016). "Faroe Islands Approves Same-sex Marriage and Adoption".
"*". Folketinget. January 9, 2017.
"L 129 Forslag til lov om ændring af lov for Færøerne om rettens pleje - Afstemning" (in Danish). Folketinget. 9 January 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
@lisahonan07 (4 August 2017). "Ascension Marriage Ordinance now extended to Tristan da Cunha. This means same sex marriage in both islands is ensh..." (Tweet). Archived from the original on 4 August 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2017 – via Twitter.
"The St. Helena Government Gazette No. 57 of 2017" (PDF). Government of Saint Helena. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 August 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
"An Act to Amend Chapter 436 of the Revised Statutes, 1989, the Solemnization of Marriage Act" (PDF).
"Bill 17 - Solemnization of Marriage Act (amended)". Nova Scotia Legislature. October 30, 2017.
"EXCO REPORT – TUESDAY 5 DECEMBER 2017". Saint Helena Government. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
"Same-sex marriage approved for St Helena: opponent calls for society to embrace the result". St Helena Online. 19 December 2017.
"Bermuda to ban same-sex marriage months after it was legalised". The Guardian. 14 December 2017.
"Domestic Partnership Act 2018" (PDF). Bermuda Laws Online. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
"Adoption of Children Legislation Amendment (Equality) Act 2018". Northern Territory government. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
"Additional information for P.77/2015". States Assembly. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
"Additional information for P.91/2017". States Assembly. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
"Victorian reforms to deliver marriage equality for trans people". Human Rights Law Centre. 27 March 2018.
"Victoria and NSW delivering marriage equality for trans people". Human Rights Law Centre. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
"Alderney Legalises Same Sex Marriage". Island FM. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
"Hansard Report from States Meeting on 13 June 2018". States of Alderney. pp. 8–10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
"Miscellaneous Acts Amendment (Marriages) Bill 2018". Parliament of New South Wales. 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
"Births, deaths and marriages registration amendment bill 2018". Queensland Government. March 7, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Queensland delivers marriage equality for transgender people". Human Rights Law Centre. 13 June 2018.
"9L/PPL-0018 | Asamblea Regional de Murcia". www.asambleamurcia.es.
"Ley 7/2018, de 3 de julio, de Parejas de Hecho de la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia" (in Spanish). Región de Murcia. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
"Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2018".
"Gender Reassignment Amendment Bill 2018". Parliament of Western Australia. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
"Justice and Related Legislation (Marriage Amendments) Bill 2018".
"Congreso de San Luis Potosí aprueba el matrimonio igualitario". La Razón. 16 May 2019.
"Decreto 0168.- Se Reforman los artículos 15, 105, y 133 del Código Familiar para elEstado de San Luis Potosí" (PDF) (in Spanish). Periódico Oficial del Estado de San Luis Potosi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
"Buscan aprobar matrimonio igualitario en Hidalgo". Excélsior. October 9, 2018.
"No aprueban matrimonio igualitario en el Congreso de Sinaloa" (in Spanish). 18 June 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
Glauert, Rik (24 June 2019). "In a first, entire prefecture in Japan will register same-sex partnerships". Gay Star News.
Murillo, Erik (June 28, 2019). "Histórico: Congreso aprueba los matrimonios gays en Baja California Sur".
Zacatecas, El Sol de. "Congreso de Zacatecas rechaza el matrimonio igualitario". El Sol de México | Noticias, Deportes, Gossip, Columnas.
"Oaxaca aprueba el matrimonio igualitario]". El Sol de México (in Spanish). 28 August 2019.
"Chief Pleas vote to draft same-sex marriage bill for Sark". ITV Channel. 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
"Sark becomes last British Isle to allow same-sex marriage". BBC. 18 December 2019. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
"Easter Meeting of the Chief Pleas to be held on Wednesday 22nd April 2020 at 10.00AM in the Island Hall" (PDF). The Government of Sark. pp. 58–66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
Connolly, Norma (29 July 2020). "Domestic Partnership Bill defeated by one vote". Cayman Compass. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
"Por el que se deroga el segundo Párrafo del artículo 7 de la Constitución Política del Estado de Baja California, se deroga el artículo 144 y se reforman los artículos 143, 145, 161, 169, 170, 174, 176, 177, 179, 181,182, 184, 186, 205, 208, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 220, 224 y 291 del Código Civil del Estado de Baja California" (PDF). Baja California Congress. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
Heras, Antonio (30 July 2020). "Otra vez, Baja California rechaza el matrimonio igualitario". La Jornada. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
"Rechazan matrimonio igualitario por segunda ocasión". ELIMPARCIAL.COM | Noticias de Mexicali, México (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2020-12-05.
"Gay marriage bill submitted". Curacao Chronicle. 4 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
Vordev (2020-09-30). "Insufficient support for bill proposal legalization gay marriage Curaçao - Curaçao Chronicle". Curacaochronicle.com. Retrieved 2022-08-10.
"Civil Partnership Law, 2020" (PDF). Cayman Islands Government. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
"Conservative Mexican state of Puebla legalizes same-sex marriage". Reuters. November 4, 2020. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Reconocen matrimonio igualitario en Periódico Oficial de Puebla". 11 November 2020.
"Gunma to become 3rd Japan pref. To introduce partnership oaths for LGBT couples". Mainichi Daily News. 6 November 2020.
Muñetón, Karla (9 December 2020). "Avalan en Tlaxcala el matrimonio igualitario". El Sol de Tlaxcala (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 December 2020.
"Human Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy Legislation Amendment Bill 2018". Parliament of Western Australia. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
Armenta, America (June 15, 2021). "Congreso de Sinaloa aprueba 'matrimonio igualitario'". Noroeste (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved June 5, 2024.
Arellano, Luis (2020-10-17). "Aprueban tercer intento para legalizar matrimonio igualitario en BC". PregoneroBaja (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 2020-12-05.
Luis A. Boffil Gómez. "Aprueban matrimonio igualitario en Yucatán". La Jornada (in Spanish). Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"ä˝?čł€çœŒăƒ'ăƒźăƒˆăƒŠăƒźă'ˇăƒƒăƒ—ĺŽŁčŞ"ĺˆśĺşŚ (ä˝?čł€çœŒ) | ă żă'"ă Şă Žăƒ'ăƒźăƒˆăƒŠăƒźă'ˇăƒƒăƒ—ĺˆśĺşŚ". Minnano-partnership.com. Retrieved 2022-08-10.
"三重県｜性の多様性を認め合う社会の推進：三重県パートナーシップ宣誓制度が始まりました".
"INICIATIVA QUE REFORMA EL CÓDIGO CIVIL DEL ESTADO DE QUERÉTARO QUE RECONFIGURA EL MATRIMONIO, CONCUBINATO Y ADOPCIÓN DE PAREJAS DEL MISMO SEXO" (PDF) (in Spanish). Congress of Querétaro. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 26, 2017. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
Staff, Forbes (2021-09-22). "Querétaro aprueba el matrimonio igualitario". Forbes México (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 2021-09-23.
Hermosillo, Gustavo Moreno | El Sol de. "Sonora dice sí al Matrimonio Igualitario; diputados aprueban en Congreso". El Sol de Hermosillo | Noticias Locales, Policiacas, sobre México, Sonora y el Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 2021-09-24.
"Presentan Iniciativa en Congreso de Zacatecas Para Reconocer el Matrimonio Igualitario - VIBEtv". 14 September 2021.
"青森県パートナーシップ宣誓制度について".
Abreu, Cecilia (3 January 2022). "Aprueban las leyes secundarias del matrimonio igualitario en Yucatán". La Jornada. Retrieved 2022-03-01.
"リスト：同性パートナーシップ証明制度を導入している／導入予定の自治体".
"パートナーシップ制度、福岡県が4月導入の方針住宅確保の一助へ：朝日新聞デジタル". 23 January 2022.
"Jalisco: Impulsan reforma que falta sobre matrimonio igualitario". 14 September 2021.
Jonguitud, Enrique (3 May 2023). "Rechazan diputados de Tamaulipas el matrimonio igualitario". Hoy Tamaulipas (in Spanish). Ciudad Victoria. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
Zamudio, Isabel (March 7, 2019). "Analizan en Veracruz permitir el matrimonio igualitario". Milenio (in Spanish). Retrieved June 5, 2024.
^ "This Mexican State Just Legalized Same-Sex Marriage and Outlawed Conversion Therapy". 30 August 2021.
"Congreso de Veracruz aprueba el matrimonio igualitario". Proceso (in Spanish). June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"Votan contra la unión igualitaria en Aguascalientes". El Sol de México | Noticias, Deportes, Gossip, Columnas.
Flores, Ana (2022-09-13). "Quintana Roo: Personas LGBT+ podrán adoptar gracias a reforma". Homosensual. Retrieved 2022-09-14.
"とちぎパートナーシップ宣誓制度について".
"Impulsará PRD en Durango aprobación de matrimonio civil igualitario". almomento.mx. 13 September 2018.
"Congreso de Durango aprueba el matrimonio igualitario". 21 September 2022.
Salazar, Juan Pedro (2022-10-20). "Tabasco dice sí: Congreso aprueba el matrimonio igualitario en la entidad". La Lista (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 2022-10-20.
"「東京都パートナーシップ宣誓制度」証明書の相互活用に向けて、都内16区市との連携協定等を締結" (in Japanese). Tokyo Metropolis. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
"Edomex: Presentan nueva iniciativa para matrimonio y concubinato igualitario". 5 October 2021.
"Estado de México aprueba el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo". Político MX (in Spanish). 2022-10-11. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
"Iniciativa de legalizar el matrimonio igualitario vuelve al Congreso de Tamaulipas".
"Aprueban matrimonio igualitario en todo México". Grupo Milenio (in Mexican Spanish). 26 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-27.
"Red Nacional de Juventudes Diversas on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
Recio, Kevin (2023-06-14). "Aprueban Matrimonio Igualitario en Nuevo León". Grupo Milenio (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 2023-06-25.
"No hay claridad en iniciativa de adoption homoparental, por eso se veto, aclara Gobernador BCS". BCS Noticias. March 25, 2024. Archived from the original on April 2, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
"Court rules in favor of same-sex marriage on Aruba and Curaçao". Curacao Chronicle. 2021-11-03.
"Aruba continues court fight against same-sex marriage | NL Times". nltimes.nl.
Stamper, 21 juni 2024 | Melissa (2024-06-21). "Arubaans parlement wijst wetvoorstel openstellen homohuwelijk af | Caribisch Netwerk". caribischnetwerk.ntr.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2024-06-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"CÓDIGO CIVIL DE LA REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR" (PDF). 2 December 2022.
"CÓDIGO CIVIL COLOMBIA" (PDF). 2 September 2022.
"CÓDIGO CIVIL COSTA RICA" (PDF). 2 September 2022.
"SWAZILAND | Intercountry Adoption". Archived from the original on 2013-02-15.
"CÓDIGO CIVIL PERUANO". 24 August 2022.
"La Corte Constitucional da luz verde al matrimonio igualitario en el Ecuador". 3 September 2022.
"Código Civil Ecuador". 3 September 2022.
"CÓDIGO CIVIL DEL PARAGUAY LEY N° 1183/85" (PDF). 24 August 2022.
"El código civil cubano de 1987 y los tiempos actuales:¿Es la hora de celebración o la del réquiem?". 24 August 2022.
"Executive Order No. 209: The Family Code of the Philippines". 24 August 2022.
^ "China endurece las adopciones para evitar a los solicitantes homosexuales". El País. 24 August 2022.
"PUBLIC LAW 104–199—SEPT. 21, 1996". 24 August 2022.
^ Being LGBT in Asia: The Philippines Country Report (PDF). Bangkok: United Nations Development Programme, United States Agency for International Development. 2014. p. 39. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
"H.Amdt.356 to H.R.2587". 24 August 2022.
"Kenya Children Act 2001" (PDF). 24 August 2022.
Santiago, Miriam (1 July 2004). "Senate Bill No. 1276: An Act Amending the Family Code of the Philippines, Article 26" (PDF). Senate of the Philippines. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
Biazon, Rudolfo (2 August 2004). "Senate Bill No. 1575" (PDF). Senate of the Philippines. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
"Marriage Amendment Act 2004". 24 August 2022.
"Chronology of same-sex marriage bills introduced into the federal parliament: a quick guide". 24 August 2022.
"Marriage (Gender Clarification) Amendment Bill". 24 August 2022. Archived from the original on 2016-02-29.
"Same sex marriage. Time to move on". 24 August 2022. Archived from the original on 2012-11-08.
"Vallianatos and Others v. Greece [GC] - 29381/09 and 32684/09Judgment 7.11.2013 [GC]". 24 August 2022.
Tabingco, Peter (9 December 2009). "Same-sex marriage criminalized under bill". Business Insight Malaya. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
"Lesotho". Intercountry Adoption. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013.
"LOI N 2011-087" (PDF) (in French). Republique du Mali. December 30, 2011. Archived from the original on 2013-05-12. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
"СК РФ Статья 12. Условия заключения брака". Consultant.ru. 24 November 2022.
"The New 'Cold War' Grows As Russian Parliament Passes Anti-US Bill". Business Insider. 24 August 2022.
"Nigeria: Bill Prohibiting Same-Sex Marriage Moves Forward The Impact of Nigeria's Same Sex Marriage (Prohibition) Act". Library of Congress. 24 August 2022.
"Malawi Gay Rights: New Marriage Law Further Criminalizes LGBT Relationships And Identities, Group Says". International Business Times. 24 August 2022.
"Malawi: Parliament Passes Comprehensive Marriage, Divorce and Family Relations Legislation". Library of Congress. 24 August 2022.
"Código de familia" (PDF). 24 August 2022.
"Código de derecho internacional privado" (PDF). 24 August 2022.
"Overview lgbt rights in Haiti". 24 August 2022.
"El Senado haitiano aprueba una ley que penaliza el matrimonio homosexual". 24 August 2022.
"Riigikogu votes down bill to repeal Registered Partnership Act". 24 August 2022.
"CODIGO CIVIL". 24 August 2022.
"El Parlamento de Honduras prohíbe la adopción a parejas del mismo sexo". 24 August 2022.
"तीज विशेष कार्यक्रममा उदय शमशेरले घोषणा गरे उम्मेदवारी, बाटो पिच गर्ने दिए आश्वासन" (in Nepali). 24 August 2022.
"China aprueba su primer Código Civil, que regula el derecho a la privacidad". 24 August 2022.
"2020 NPC Session: A Guide to China's Civil Code (Updated)". 24 August 2022.
"La CIDH, preocupada por una ley que impide a homosexuales adoptar en Panamá". 24 August 2022.
"Guatemala: el Congreso archiva la polémica ley que prohibía el matrimonio homosexual y elevaba la pena por aborto". BBC News Mundo. 24 August 2022.
"Guatemala: el Congreso aprueba una ley que prohíbe el matrimonio homosexual y eleva las penas por aborto". BBC News Mundo. 24 August 2022.
"Latvian Saeima dictates foreign child adopters have to be married in accordance to the Constitution - Baltic News Network". April 21, 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-04-21.
Okiror, Samuel (2023-03-21). "Ugandan MPs pass bill imposing death penalty for homosexuality". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
"Activists Welcome Ugandan President Calling for Review of Anti-Gay Bill". 21 April 2023.
Billson, Chantalle (22 April 2023). "Hungary's president vetoes cruel bill letting people 'report' same-sex parents to authorities". PinkNews.
"Putin firma la ley que prohíbe la cirugía para el cambio de sexo en Rusia". 25 July 2023.
Thomas, Andreas (17 July 2023). "Lawmakers divided on definition of 'spouse'". The Namibian.
Igual, Roberto (September 29, 2023). "Namibia's Parliament votes to ban same-sex marriage". MambaOnline - Gay South Africa online.
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/17/georgias-parliament-approves-law-curbing-lgbtq-rights
"LGBT rights in Africa: Will Kenya be the latest to pass anti-gay law?". 18 July 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
"The link between media repression and queer repression in Cuba". University of Wisconsin-Madison. April 1, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
Morland, Sarah (September 26, 2022). "Latin America's road to legalizing same-sex marriage". Reuters. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"The text of the Constitution of the Republic of Cuba". Walterlippman. January 31, 2003. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
"Constitution du Burkina Faso" (in French). Yale Law School. 27 July 2010. Archived from the original (DOC) on 27 July 2010.
"Article 46(1), Bulgaria – Constitution". Retrieved 2009-10-04.
"Article 64, 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (as amended 25 December 2001)" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"Nghị quyết sửa đổi, bổ sung Hiến pháp năm 1992". Dự thảo online (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 29 October 2013.
DPA (2013-11-28). "Vietnam amends Constitution". The Hindu. Thehindu.com. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"Constitución Nacional del Paraguay". Organization of American States (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 October 2003.
"Lithuania's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2006" (PDF). ConstituteProject. Constitute. Article 38: Marriage shall be concluded upon the free mutual consent of man and woman
"THE CONSTITUTION OF THE KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA (Article 45)" (PDF). OHCHR Cambodia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
"Cambodia's Rainbow Families: Marriage, Adoption and Gender Recognition Rights in the Kingdom" (PDF). OHCHR Cambodia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
"Constitution of the Republic of Belarus of 1994" (PDF). Article 32: On reaching the age of consent women and men shall have the right to enter into marriage on a voluntary basis and start a family. A husband and wife shall be equal in family relationships.
"The Constitution of Moldova" (PDF). The Government of Moldova. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
"Constitution of Ukraine - Title II". President of Ukraine Official website. Archived from the original on 2014-01-25.
"The Constitution of the Republic of Poland". Republic of Poland. Sejm. April 2, 1997. Retrieved June 5, 2024. Article 18: Marriage, being a union of a man and a woman, as well as the family, motherhood and parenthood, shall be placed under the protection and care of the Republic of Poland.
"Dz.U. 1997 nr 78 poz. 483". Archived from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2017-11-25.
Judgment of the Supreme Court of 7 July 2004, II KK 176/04, W dotychczasowym orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego, wypracowanym i ugruntowanym zarówno w okresie obowiązywania poprzedniego, jak i obecnego Kodeksu postępowania karnego, a także w doktrynie (por. wypowiedzi W. Woltera, A. Zolla, A. Wąska), pojęcie "wspólne pożycie" odnoszone jest wyłącznie do konkubinatu, a w szczególności do związku osób o różnej płci, odpowiadającego od strony faktycznej stosunkowi małżeństwa (którym w myśl art. 18 Konstytucji jest wyłącznie związek osób różnej płci). Tego rodzaju interpretację Sąd Najwyższy, orzekający w niniejszej sprawie, w pełni podziela i nie znajduje podstaw do uznania za przekonywujące tych wypowiedzi pojawiających się w piśmiennictwie, w których podejmowane są próby kwestionowania takiej interpretacji omawianego pojęcia i sprowadzania go wyłącznie do konkubinatu (M. Płachta, K. Łojewski, A.M. Liberkowski). Rozumiejąc bowiem dążenia do rozszerzającej interpretacji pojęcia "wspólne pożycie", użytego w art. 115 § 11 k.k., należy jednak wskazać na całkowity brak w tym względzie dostatecznie precyzyjnych kryteriów.
"Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 11 May 2005, K 18/04". Polska Konstytucja określa bowiem małżeństwo jako związek wyłącznie kobiety i mężczyzny. A contrario nie dopuszcza więc związków jednopłciowych. Małżeństwo (jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny) uzyskało w prawie krajowym RP odrębny status konstytucyjny zdeterminowany postanowieniami art. 18 Konstytucji. Zmiana tego statusu byłaby możliwa jedynie przy zachowaniu rygorów trybu zmiany Konstytucji, określonych w art. 235 tego aktu.
"Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 9 November 2010, SK 10/08". W doktrynie prawa konstytucyjnego wskazuje się nadto, że jedyny element normatywny, dający się odkodować z art. 18 Konstytucji, to ustalenie zasady heteroseksualności małżeństwa.
"Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland of 25 October 2016, II GSK 866/15". Ustawa o świadczeniach zdrowotnych finansowanych ze środków publicznych nie wyjaśnia, co prawda, kto jest małżonkiem. Pojęcie to zostało jednak dostatecznie i jasno określone we wspomnianym art. 18 Konstytucji RP, w którym jest mowa o małżeństwie jako o związku kobiety i mężczyzny. W piśmiennictwie podkreśla się, że art. 18 Konstytucji ustala zasadę heteroseksualności małżeństwa, będącą nie tyle zasadą ustroju, co normą prawną, która zakazuje ustawodawcy zwykłemu nadawania charakteru małżeństwa związkom pomiędzy osobami jednej płci (vide: L. Garlicki Komentarz do art. 18 Konstytucji, s. 2-3 Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz, Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 2003). Jest wobec tego oczywiste, że małżeństwem w świetle Konstytucji i co za tym idzie - w świetle polskiego prawa, może być i jest wyłącznie związek heteroseksualny, a więc w związku małżeńskim małżonkami nie mogą być osoby tej samej płci.
"Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland of 28 February 2018, II OSK 1112/16". art. 18 Konstytucji RP, który definiuje małżeństwo jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny, a tym samym wynika z niego zasada nakazująca jako małżeństwo traktować w Polsce jedynie związek heteroseksualny.
"Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela" (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
"Article 26, The Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"ACLU Applauds House Stand Against Discriminatory Marriage Amendment; Calls Vote a Victory for All American Families". American Civil Liberties Union. September 30, 2004. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
"Constitution of the Republic of Burundi" (in French). Retrieved 2010-10-15.
"Honduras: Constitución de 1982 con reformas hasta 2005". pdba.georgetown.edu (in Spanish). Base de Datos Políticos de las Américas. 17 August 2005. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Honduras Bans Gay Marriage & Adoption". Global Gayz. March 30, 2005. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
"Museveni signs 3rd term bill". New Vision Online. September 29, 2005. Archived from the original on March 2, 2012. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
"President Signs Anti-Gay Constitutional Amendment". UK Gay News. December 21, 2005. Archived from the original on January 5, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
Zajtman, Arnaud (February 19, 2006). "New DR Congo constitution adopted". BBC. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
"Constitution de la République Démocratique du Congo". Présidence de la République Démocratique du Congo (in French). Archived from the original on 12 August 2006.
"House vote fails on amendment to define marriage". Washington Times. July 18, 2006. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
"Constitution of the Republic of Serbia". Serbian Parliament. Archived from the original on 2010-11-27. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
"THE CONSTITUTION OF MONTENEGRO and THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONSTITUTION OF MONTENEGRO ADOPTED ON 19 OCTOBER 2007" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"Information on the rights of minority groups in Montenegro" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"Constitución del Ecuador" (PDF). Asamblea Nacional (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 January 2013.
"Constitutional proposal 2-274: Marriages between men and women only". Centre for Research on Direct Democracy. Archived from the original on 15 April 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
"The Rights and Liberties of the Palau Constitution". The Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal William S. Richardson School of Law University of Hawaii at Manoa. Archived from the original on 17 April 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
"CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DEL ESTADO PLURINACIONAL DE BOLIVIA" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-24. Retrieved 2015-10-24.
Melloy, Kilian (October 5, 2009). "Church & Political Right Fail to Ban Marriage Equality in El Salvador". Edge Boston. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
"Section 17(2), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Constitution Act, 2009". 6 March 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
"On the decriminalising of homosexuality, Gonsalves willing to stand back". iWitness News. 12 September 2013.
"Constitución De La República Dominicana". Justia República Dominicana (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 August 2023.
"The Proposed Constitution of Kenya" (PDF). Sunday Nation. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 20, 2016. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
Chanda, Ernest (February 18, 2010). "NCC to adopt clause that forbids same sex marriage". Saturday Post Online. Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
"Constitution Bill fails, 1996 constitution to remain in place". Lusakatimes.com. 29 March 2011. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"The Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms (Constitutional Amendment) Act, 2011" (PDF). japarliament.gov.jm. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
"Fundamental Law of Hungary" (PDF). TASZ. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
Gorondi, Pablo (April 18, 2011). "Hungary passes new conservative constitution". Reading Eagle. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
Turner, Rob (April 25, 2011). "Hungarian president signs new constitution despite human rights concerns". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
"The Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011" (PDF). Sudan Tribune. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 29, 2011. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
Mainye, Job (July 9, 2011). "Birth Of A Nation: The Republic Of South Sudan". Gurtong. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
"Liberian Senate votes to ban gay marriage in constitution". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. June 20, 2012. Archived from the original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
Williams, Ken (February 27, 2012). "In Zimbabwe, final constitutional draft criminalizes homosexuality and marriage equality". Retrieved January 6, 2014.
"Macedonia rejects amending constitution to define marriage as one man, one woman". Lgbtqnation.com. 25 September 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
"Croatians vote to ban gay marriage". The Guardian. Associated Press in Zagreb. 1 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Attempt To Ban Gay Marriage Fails In El Salvador". Ontopmag.com. Retrieved 2014-02-10.
"Disputed revision to constitution sails through parliament". The Slovak Spectator. 4 June 2014. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
"Macedonia Moves to Rule Out Same-Sex Marriage". Balkan Insight. 1 July 2014.
"Macedonia bans gay marriage". Gay Star News. 21 January 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
^ Petit Press a.s. (7 February 2015). "Referendum is invalid". spectator.sme.sk. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
"Referendum in Armenia brings constitutional reforms". ILGA Europe. 16 January 2016. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
"Armenia Central Electoral Commission announces constitutional referendum final results". Armenia News - news.am. Yerevan. 13 December 2015. Archived from the original on 6 November 2022.
Schäfer, Fabian (6 January 2020). "Der kampflose Rückzug der CVP-Initiative ist ebenso peinlich wie aufschlussreich". Neue Züricher Zeitung (NZZ) (in German). Bern. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Central African Republic Votes Yes on Constitutional Referendum". New York Times. 17 December 2015.
"Décret n° 160218 du 30 mars 2016 portant promulgation de la Constitution de la République centrafricaine" (PDF) (in French).
"Kyrgyz Voters Back Amendments On Same-Sex Marriage, Presidential Power". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
Synovitz, Ron (24 June 2017). "Georgian Dream Doubles Down On Same-Sex Marriage Ban". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
"Ruling Party, Opposition Meet over Constitutional Amendments". Civil Georgia. 18 August 2017. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
"Parliament Overrides Presidential Veto on Constitutional Amendments". Civil Georgia. 13 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
"Sněmovní tisk 211 - N. ústav. z. - Listina základních práv a svobod". psp.cz. 13 June 2018.
"Skupina poslanců odmítá sňatky pro homosexuály. Svazek muže a ženy chce chránit ústavně". Ceska Televize. 13 June 2018.
"Initiative changing family definition in Romanian Constitution, voted by the deputies". Romania Insider. 9 May 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Romania parliament votes in favor of man/woman marriage only". ABC News International. Associated Press. 11 September 2018. Archived from the original on 11 September 2018.
Gurzu, Anca (7 October 2018). "Romania's marriage referendum fails due to low turnout". POLITICO. Bistrița. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
"Panamá busca impedir con una reforma constitucional el matrimonio igualitario" (in Spanish). El Mundo CR. 29 October 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
"Russia's Federation Council Approves Bill Allowing Putin To Run For New Term". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
"All Russian Regions OK Constitutional Amendments Paving Way For Putin To Run Again". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 13 March 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
"Riigikogu votes against marriage referendum bill". ERR. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
"Honduras: Congreso ratifica prohibición a aborto y bodas gay". apnews.com. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 2022-06-02.
Mylnikov, Pavel (27 December 2022). "В Беларуси опубликован текст поправок к конституции". Deutsche Welle (in Russian). Retrieved 2 March 2022.
"Singapore to amend its constitution to prevent same-sex marriages". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
"Malians participate in rallies ahead of Sunday's referendum". Africanews. 2023-06-17. Retrieved 2023-06-24.
"Malians approve amendments to constitution in referendum". Aljazeera. June 23, 2023. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
"The Constitution of Tuvalu 2023" (PDF). Tuvalu. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 26, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
"Constitución Política del Estado de Morelos". Congreso de Morelos. Retrieved 2022-08-06.
"Morelos valida matrimonio igualitario". Animal Político (in Spanish). 29 June 2016. Retrieved 2022-08-06.
"Aprueba Yucatán ley contra matrimonio gay". Anodis.com. Archived from the original on 2013-12-16. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
"Initiative to change article 7 of the Constitution" (PDF). Congress of Baja California. 2015-02-12.
"Presentan iniciativa para permitir matrimonios gay en BC". UniMexicali. 13 February 2015.
"RECONOCIMIENTO DE MATRIMONIO CIVIL IGUALITARIO EN BAJA CALIFORNIA, ALECCIONADORA CONTRIBUCIÓN A LA DIVERSIDAD". diversidadsexual.prd. 4 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017.
Sanchez Silva, Walter (21 June 2021). "Baja California Legislature Inserts Same-Sex Marriage into State Constitution". National Catholic Register. EWTN News. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
"Aprueban reforma para celebrar matrimonios civiles gay en Colima". El Independiente del Sureste (in Spanish). 22 July 2013. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013.
Zamora Briseño, Pedro (6 May 2017). "Colima deroga, 13 meses después, artículo que excluía a parejas gay del matrimonio - Proceso". Proceso. Archived from the original on 31 December 2017.
Touzain, François (1 November 2016). "Zurich s'apprête à revoter sur l'interdiction du marriage pour tous". 360.ch (in French). Archived from the original on 11 November 2016.
"Zürcher Nein zu "Schutz der Ehe"-Initiative". Wirtschaftregional (in German). Vaduzer Medienhaus. 27 November 2016.
"¡Aplausos! Fracasa iniciativa de homófobos en Veracruz contra Matrimonio Igualitario". Ulisex!Mgzn (in Spanish). Xalapa. 13 July 2018.

Category:

Same-sex union legislation

Legislative efforts to recognise same-sex unions

National level

Sub-national level

Prohibition of same-sex unions

Legislative efforts

National level

Constitutional efforts

National level

Sub-national level

See also

Notes

References