Portal:Dogs - Knowledge (XXG)

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The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it was domesticated from an extinct population of wolves during the Late Pleistocene, over 14,000 years ago by hunter-gatherers, prior to the development of agriculture. The dog was the first species to be domesticated by humans. Experts estimate that due to their long association with humans, dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids.

The dog has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They perform many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and the military, companionship, therapy, and aiding disabled people. Over the millennia, dogs became uniquely adapted to human behavior, and the human–canine bond has been a topic of frequent study. This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of "man's best friend". (Full article...)

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The Jack Russell Terrier is a British breed of small terrier. It is principally white-bodied and smooth-, rough- or broken-coated, and can be any colour.

It derives from dogs bred and used for fox-hunting in North Devon in the early nineteenth century by a country parson, Jack Russell – for whom the breed is named – and has similar origins to the modern Fox Terrier. Though closely similar, it is a distinct and different breed from the Parson Russell Terrier. (Full article...)

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Credit: Dave

A Komondor during the Working Group judging at the 2007 Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is a two-day benched conformation show that takes place at Madison Square Garden in New York City every year. Dog owners from around the world come to show their dogs. Dogs are judged closely by eminent American Kennel Club (AKC) judges. It is considered by many to be America's most prestigious dog show.

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v t e Dogs
Types	African village dog Free-ranging dog Pye-dog Street dog Hairless dog Herding dog Collie Livestock guardian dog Sheep dog Hunting dog Cur Feist Lurcher Gun dog Pointer Retriever Setter Spaniel Water dog Hound Scenthound Basset Coonhound Foxhound Sighthound Longdog Terrier Bull-type terrier Pinscher Schnauzer Mastiff Bulldog Spitz Husky Laika Tugou Toy dog Bichon Turnspit dog
Breeds	List of breeds List of crossbreeds Mixed-breed dog Crossbreed Extinct breeds Most popular
Roles	Assistance dog Autism dog Guide dog Hearing dog Medical response dog Seizure dog Mobility assistance dog Therapy dog Psychiatric assistance dog Attack dog Bay dog Carriage dog Catch dog Companion dog Detection dog Fighting dog Guard dog Lap dog Meat dog Mercy dog Police dog usage by country Search and rescue dog Sled dog War dog
Behavior	Communication Barking Body language Howling Intelligence Dog–cat relationship
Human–dog interaction	Animal testing Baiting Breed-specific legislation Cynanthropy Dog bite Dog daycare Dog fighting Dog food dog biscuit 2007 recalls Dog grooming Dogs in religion Dogs in space Dog licence Dog meat Dog park Dog show Dog theft Dog sports Dog walking Fear of dogs Human–canine bond Origin of the domestic dog Therapy
Health	Aging (List of longest-living dogs) Anatomy Breeding Coat Conformation Diseases Dog food Odor Rabies in animals Rage syndrome Reproduction Skin disorders Vaccination
Training	Clicker Crate training Housebreaking Socialization
Related	Domesticated silver fox List of individual dogs List of fictional dogs Lists of dogs
Category Portal

Extinct dog breeds, varieties, landraces and types

v t e Primitive dogs
Primitive hounds	Podenco Andaluz Basenji Cirneco dell'Etna Cretan Hound Ibizan Hound Maneto Pampas Deerhound Pharaoh Hound Phu Quoc Ridgeback Podenco Canario Portuguese Podengo Thai Ridgeback Podenco Valenciano
Landrace dogs	Africanis Alopekis Canaan Dog Carolina Dog Husky Indian pariah dog Laika Lài dog New Guinea singing dog Sinhala Hound Spitz Taiwan Dog Telomian Tugou
Wild dogs	Dingo
Hairless breeds	African hairless dog Argentine Pila Chinese Crested Dog Peruvian Inca Orchid Xoloitzcuintle
Extinct breeds	Chiribaya Dog Hawaiian Poi Dog Kurī Marquesan Dog Polynesian Dog Tahitian Dog Tesem

Herding and droving dogs

v t e Gundogs
Pointers and setters	Ariège Pointer Blue Picardy Spaniel Bracco Italiano Braque d'Auvergne Braque du Bourbonnais Braque Français Braque Saint-Germain Brittany Burgos Pointer Ca Mè Mallorquí Cesky Fousek Drentse Patrijshond English Setter French Spaniel German Longhaired Pointer German Roughhaired Pointer German Shorthaired Pointer German Wirehaired Pointer Gordon Setter Irish Red and White Setter Irish Setter Large Münsterländer Old Danish Pointer Pachón Navarro Picardy Spaniel Perdigueiro Galego Pointer Portuguese Pointer Pudelpointer Saint-Usuge Spaniel Slovakian Roughhaired Pointer Small Münsterländer Spinone Italiano Stabyhoun Vizsla Weimaraner Wirehaired Pointing Griffon Wirehaired Vizsla
Retrievers	Chesapeake Bay Retriever Curly-coated Retriever Flat-coated Retriever Golden Retriever Labrador Retriever Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
Spaniels	American Cocker Spaniel Boykin Spaniel Clumber Spaniel English Cocker Spaniel English Springer Spaniel Field Spaniel German Spaniel Kooikerhondje Pont-Audemer Spaniel Russian Spaniel Sussex Spaniel Welsh Springer Spaniel
Water dogs	American Water Spaniel Barbet Cantabrian Water Dog Irish Water Spaniel Lagotto Romagnolo Poodle Portuguese Water Dog Spanish Water Dog Wetterhoun
Extinct breeds	Braque Dupuy English Water Spaniel Norfolk Spaniel Old Spanish Pointer Tweed Water Spaniel

v t e Cur-type hunting dogs
Black Mouth Cur Blue Lacy Carolina Dog Catahoula Leopard Dog Feist Florida Brown Dog a/k/a Florida Cracker Cur Longdog Lurcher Mountain Cur Mountain Feist Stephens Stock Treeing Cur Treeing Tennessee Brindle

Livestock guardian dogs

† = Descended from and closely related to livestock guardian dogs, but traditionally used in other roles

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Sussex Spaniel Clussexx Three D Grinchy Glee being presented with Best in Show in 2009

The title of "Best in Show" is given to the dog chosen as the winner of the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show according to conformation show rules. It has its origins in the variety classes for champions that were introduced in 1905 which included prizes for best champion dog and best champion bitch. The title of Best in Show at Westminster has been awarded every year beginning in 1907 except for 1923 when changes in American Kennel Club rules prohibited mixed breed judging until a uniform process could be adopted; following further changes in rules it was awarded again in 1924.

The Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show is an all-breeds conformation show. It has been held in New York City, New York annually since 1877. It was held at Madison Square Garden for the first time in 1880, and is currently held in the modern arena of the same name. Dogs are first placed in breed specific classes for Best of Breed, with the winners moving on to the respective breed group. Winners from each group then compete for the title of Best in Show. In each class, the individual dogs are judged against the breed standard of each dog breed. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various dog-related articles on Knowledge (XXG).

Image 1Basenji puppy (from Puppy)
Image 2Jack Russell Terrier puppy (from Puppy)
Image 3A mongrel puppy (from Puppy)
Image 4Dog knee (from Dog anatomy)
Image 5Petroglyph depicting two dogs hunting – Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 6Sled dogs, 1833 (from Dog type)
Image 7Basset Hound (from Puppy)
Image 8Bloodhound puppy (from Puppy)
Image 9The nose of a dog (from Dog anatomy)
Image 10A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (from Dog behavior)
Image 11Puggle puppy (from Puppy)
Image 12St. Bernard puppy (from Puppy)
Image 13Newborn Welsh Springer Spaniels (from Puppy)
Image 14A dog's whiskers (from Dog anatomy)
Image 15Map depicting possible phylogeographic origins of dingoes, New Guinea singing dogs, and Island Southeast Asian and Oceanian dogs, based on recent genetic evidence (Fillios & Taçon, 2016) (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 16NASA astronaut Leland D. Melvin with his dogs Jake and Scout (from Dog behavior)
Image 17Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 18President Lyndon B. Johnson with a basket of puppies in 1966 (from Puppy)
Image 19Golden Retriever puppy (from Puppy)
Image 20Reduction in size under selective breeding – grey wolf and chihuahua skulls (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 21Mammoth bone dwelling, Mezhirich site, Ukraine (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 22A wolf mandible diagram showing the names and positions of the teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 23German Spitz puppy (from Puppy)
Image 24Ancient Hawaiian petroglyphic depiction of an ʻīlio (Hawaiian Poi Dog) (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 25Frontal view of a dog skull (from Dog anatomy)
Image 26Australian Cattle Dog puppy (from Puppy)
Image 27Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw closed (from Dog anatomy)
Image 28Tesem, an ancient Egyptian sight-hound (from Dog breed)
Image 29Lateral view of a dog skeleton (from Dog anatomy)
Image 30Montage showing the coat variation of dogs. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 31Bison surrounded by grey wolf pack (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 32Scent-rolling (from Dog behavior)
Image 33A cavapoo and maltipoo running back while playing fetch (from Dog behavior)
Image 34A labradoodle puppy and a Golden Retriever puppy playing together (from Puppy)
Image 35The difference in overall body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire terrier is over 30-fold, yet both are members of the same species. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 36Mandible of the oldest recognised dog discovered in Bonn-Oberkassel, Germany, and dated 14,200 years old (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 37An extinct Turnspit dog, 1800 (from Dog type)
Image 38Watercolor tracing made by archaeologist Henri Breuil from a cave painting of a wolf-like canid, Font-de-Gaume, France, dated 19,000 years ago (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 39The difference in body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 40Cavapoo puppy (from Puppy)
Image 41Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw opened (from Dog anatomy)
Image 42Two Shih Tzu puppies (from Puppy)
Image 43The Greenland dog carries 3.5% genetic material inherited from a 35,000-year-old wolf from the Taymyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 44A dog's teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 45Newborn Basenji puppies (from Puppy)
Image 46West Highland White Terrier puppies (from Puppy)
Image 47The dog's retina shows the optic disc and the eye's vasculature. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 48Example of a dog making prolonged eye contact with a human (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 49Diagram of a wolf skull with key features labelled (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 50The dog diverged from a now-extinct population of wolves 27,000–40,000 years ago immediately before the Last Glacial Maximum, when much of the mammoth steppe was cold and dry. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 51Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. (from Dog breed)
Image 52External anatomy (topography) of a typical dog: 1. Head 2. Muzzle 3. Dewlap (throat, neck skin) 4. Shoulder 5. Elbow 6. Forefeet 7. Croup (rump) 8. Leg (thigh and hip) 9. Hock 10. Hind feet 11. Withers 12. Stifle 13. Paws 14. Tail (from Dog anatomy)
Image 53Cave wolf skull, Natural History Museum, Berlin (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 54Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (from Dog anatomy)
Image 55An 1897 illustration showing a range of European dog breeds (from Dog breed)
Image 56Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Dog breed)
Image 57"Five different types of dogs", c. 1547. (from Dog breed)
Image 58Cart dogs, c. 1900; different in appearance but doing the same work (from Dog type)
Image 59A little mongrel puppy on the shore, on Halong Bay (from Puppy)
Image 60Chihuahua puppy (from Puppy)
Image 61Skeleton of a dog:
1. Cranium
2. Maxilla
3. Mandible
4. Atlas
5. Axis
6. Scapula
7. Spine of scapula
8. Humerus
9. Radius
10. Ulna
11. Phalanges
12. Metacarpal bones
13. Carpal bones
14. Sternum
15. Cartilaginous part of the rib
16. Ribs
17. Phalanges
18. Metatarsal bones
19. Tarsal Bones
20. Calcaneus
21. Fibula
22. Tibia
23. Patella
24. Femur
25. Ischium
26. Pelvis
(from Dog anatomy)
Image 62Chihuahua mix and purebred Great Dane (from Dog breed)

Did you know (auto-generated) - show different entries

... that ancient Greek philosopher Xenophon thought the alopekis was part dog, part fox?
... that the album series Jingle Cats spawned Jingle Dogs, Jingle Babies, and a Japanese video game in which "the object is to breed and care for cats, which begin to sing when they're done copulating"?
... that Moondog was released 13 years after Moondog's previous Moondog?
... that Lài dogs were instrumental in the Vietnamese Lam Sơn uprising against Ming China in 1418–1428?
... that ancient Roman gynecologists believed that menstrual blood could be used to drive dogs insane?
... that in a recent book, David Bentley Hart – a New Testament translator and proponent of the existence of fairies – engages in dialogues with his dog Roland?

More did you know... - show different entries

...that Rex, (pictured) Ronald Reagan's pet Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, lived at the White House in a lavish doghouse decorated with framed portraits of the First Family?
...that the Caribou Inuit people are defined by their fur clothing, use of sled dogs and their snowhouses?
...that a legend says that when Philip de Braose irreverently spent the night in a church dedicated to Saint Afan, he was struck blind the next morning and his hunting dogs went mad?
...that the Koitsenko were the honorary elite of the Kiowa dog soldiers, who tribal lore says called themselves that because they had dreams or visions of dogs?

...when lying down, dogs rest on their haunches, not their stomachs?
...that Nipper was the mixed-breed dog who was the model for the painting His Master's Voice, which was later used logos and advertising for several brands, including RCA Records.
...that the Canadian Kennel Club was founded in 1888, four years after the American Kennel Club?
...that the Greyhound is one of the fastest breeds of dog, and can reach speeds of 72 km/h (45 mph)?

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Stubs : Aksaray Malaklisi, Alopekis, Argentine pila dog, Armant (dog), Banjara Hound, Barbado da Terceira, Braque Dupuy, Bruno Jura Hound, Bulgarian Scenthound, Cane Lupino del Gigante, Cane Paratore, Cantabrian Water Dog, Český fousek, Faroese Sheepdog, Georgian Shepherd, German Spitz Mittel, Gończy Polski, Grand Griffon Vendéen, Himalayan Sheepdog, Hygen Hound, Indian Spitz, Japanese Terrier, Kaikadi (dog), Koyun dog, Kumaon Mastiff, Levriero Italiano, Mahratta Hound, Majorca Ratter, Montenegrin Mountain Hound, Northern Inuit Dog, Phu Quoc Ridgeback, Plummer Terrier, Porcelaine, Pyrenean Mastiff, Rampur Greyhound, Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog, Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog, Sapsali, Sarabi dog, Sardinian Shepherd Dog, Schweizer Laufhund, Segugio Italiano, Segugio Maremmano, Segugio dell'Appennino, Sinhala Hound, Slovak Cuvac, South Russian Ovcharka, St. Hubert Jura Hound, Stichelhaar, Taigan, Tazy, Telomian, Treeing Cur, Vikhan Sheepdog, Villano de las Encartaciones, Villanuco de Las Encartaciones, White Shepherd, White Swiss Shepherd Dog, Xiasi Dog More stubs...
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