Year |
Era & Media |
Spain |
England |
France |
Germany |
Italy |
Russia
|
500: "Why/How is most of the Western world Christian?" |
Fall of the Roman Empire, Spread of Christianity: Hun (Burgess); St. Patrick, the Irish Legend; A Child's History of England (Churchill) |
Reccared I |
Saint Patrick |
Clovis I |
Attila the Hun |
Odoacer |
|
750 |
Viking Age: The Vikings |
File:Tariq ibn Ziyad.JPG Tariq ibn Ziyad |
Alfred the Great |
Charlemagne |
Charlemagne |
Charlemagne |
Rurik
|
1000 |
High Middle Ages: El Cid; The War Lord |
Abd-ar-Rahman II |
William the Conqueror |
Peter Abelard |
Hildegard of Bingen |
Pope Urban II |
Vladimir I
|
1100s |
Crusades: Kingdom of Heaven; Ivanhoe (Scott); The Lion in Winter |
El Cid |
Richard the Lionhearted |
Philip II of France |
Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor |
Giotto di Bondone |
Yaroslav I the Wise
|
1200s |
Late Middle Ages, Mongol invasions: Pillars of the Earth; Braveheart; Here be Dragons |
Alfonso VIII |
William Wallace |
Eleanor of Aquitaine |
Albertus Magnus |
Marco Polo |
File:Monkh statue.JPG Möngke Khan
|
1300s |
Black Plague: World Without End; A Knight's Tale; Katherine (novel) |
Alfonso XI |
Geoffrey Chaucer |
Philip IV of France |
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor |
Dante Alighieri |
Alexander Nevsky
|
1400s: "Why/How did Europe come to make settlements in the Americas?" |
Discovery of the Americas: 1492; The Other Boleyn Girl; The Messenger; The Passion of Joan of Arc; Magellan; The Sunne in Splendour |
Isabella I of Castile |
Henry VIII |
Joan of Arc |
Johannes Gutenberg |
Christopher Columbus |
Dmitry Donskoy
|
1500: "Why is Christianity split into Catholics and Protestants?" |
Protestant Reformation: Elizabeth; Luther |
Hernán Cortés |
Elizabeth I |
Catherine de' Medici |
Martin Luther |
Leonardo da Vinci |
Ivan III
|
1550: "Why is the international language English (instead of Spanish)?" |
Protestant Reformation: Agony & the Ecstasy; Dangerous Beauty |
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor |
Shakespeare |
Louis XIV |
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor |
Michelangelo |
Ivan the Terrible
|
1600: "Why are most Western countries democratic?" |
Age of Enlightenment: Cromwell; The Last Valley |
Diego Velázquez |
Oliver Cromwell |
Cardinal Richelieu |
Johannes Kepler |
Galileo Galilei |
Michael Romanov
|
1650: "Why has rationality replaced religion in Western philosophy?" |
Age of Enlightenment: Don Quixote; Captain Blood; The Girl with a Peal Earring; Toccata and Fugue in D Minor |
Miguel de Cervantes |
Blackbeard |
René Descartes |
Bach |
Artemisia Gentileschi |
Peter the Great
|
1700: "How did Europe come to colonize the rest of the world?" |
Industrial Revolution: Barry Lyndon; Tale of Two Cities; Amadeus; Scarlett Empress; Catherine the Great; Four Seasons |
Lope de Vega |
Isaac Newton |
Maximilien Robespierre |
Mozart |
Antonio Vivaldi |
Catherine the Great
|
1750: "Why are most Western countries capitalist?" |
Industrial Revolution: Goya's Ghosts; Madness of King George; Marie Antoinette; Immortal Beloved; Cassanova; Symphony No.9; (Yemelyan Pugachev) |
Francisco Goya |
Adam Smith |
Marie Antoinette |
Beethoven |
Giacomo Casanova |
Yekaterina Dashkova
|
1800: "Why is the international language English (instead of French)?" |
European Imperialism: Sorcerer's Apprentice; The Barber of Seville |
Rosalía de Castro |
Isambard Kingdom Brunel |
Napoleon |
Johann von Goethe |
Gioachino Rossini |
Leo Tolstoy
|
1850: "How do we know about evolution?" |
European Imperialism: Nutcracker; War & Peace; How Green Was My Valley; Great Train Robbery; Waterloo; (Mikhail Glinka), (Karl Briullov) |
|
Charles Darwin |
Alexandre Dumas |
Karl Marx |
Giuseppe Garibaldi |
Alexander Pushkin
|
1875: "Why haven't there been more plagues lately?" |
European Imperialism: (Peter Tchaikovsky) |
Benito Pérez Galdós |
Queen Victoria |
Louis Pasteur |
Otto von Bismark |
Camillo di Cavour |
Anna Pavlova
|