This is a list of cosmonauts who have taken part in the missions of the Soviet space program and the Russian Federal Space Agency, including ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.
Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia are marked with an asterisk and their place of birth is shown in an additional list.
For the full plain lists of Russian and Soviet cosmonauts in Knowledge (XXG), see Category:Russian cosmonauts
Five female cosmonauts have flown on the Soviet/Russian program: Valentina Tereshkova, Svetlana Savitskaya, Yelena Kondakova, Yelena Serova and Anna Kikina.
Russian and Soviet cosmonauts
A
- Viktor Mikhaylovich Afanasyev β Soyuz TM-11, Soyuz TM-18, Soyuz TM-29, Soyuz TM-33/32
- Vladimir Aksyonov (1935β2024) β Soyuz 22, Soyuz T-2
- Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov β Soyuz T-9, Soyuz TM-3
- Ivan Anikeyev (1933β1992) β Expelled from Vostok program; no flights.
- Oleg Artemyev* β Soyuz TMA-12M, Soyuz MS-08, Soyuz MS-21
- Anatoly Artsebarsky* β Soyuz TM-12
- Yuri Artyukhin (1930β1998) β Soyuz 14
- Oleg Atkov β Soyuz T-10/11
- Toktar Aubakirov* β Soyuz TM-13/12
- Sergei Avdeyev β Soyuz TM-15, Soyuz TM-22
B
- Aleksandr Balandin β Soyuz TM-9
- Yuri Baturin β Soyuz TM-28/27, Soyuz TM-32/31
- Pavel Belyayev (1925β1970) β Voskhod 2
- Georgi Beregovoi* (1921β1995) β Soyuz 3
- Anatoly Berezovoy (1942β2014) β Soyuz T-5/7
- Valentin Bondarenko (1937β1961) β No flights.
- Andrei Borisenko β Soyuz TMA-21
- Konstantin Borisov β SpaceX Crew-7
- Nikolai Budarin β STS-71/Soyuz TM-21, Soyuz TM-27, STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1
- Valery Bykovsky (1934β2019) β Vostok 5, Soyuz 22, Soyuz 31/29
C
- Nikolai Chub β Soyuz MS-24/MS-25 (2023)
D
- Vladimir Dezhurov β Soyuz TM-21/STS-71
- Georgy Dobrovolsky* (1928β1971), Died on reentry. β Soyuz 11
- Pyotr Dubrov β Soyuz MS-18/Soyuz MS-19 (2021-22)
- Lev Dyomin (1926β1998) β Soyuz 15
- Vladimir Dzhanibekov* β Soyuz 27/26, Soyuz 39, Soyuz T-12, Soyuz T-13
F
- Andrey Fedyaev β SpaceX Crew-6
- Konstantin Feoktistov (1926β2009) β Voskhod 1
- Valentin Filatyev (1930β1990) β Expelled from Vostok program; no flights.
- Anatoly Filipchenko (1928β2022) β Soyuz 7, Soyuz 16
G
- Yuri Gagarin (1934β1968), First person in space. β Vostok 1
- Yuri Gidzenko* β Soyuz TM-22, Soyuz TM-31/STS-102, Soyuz TM-34/Soyuz TM-33
- Yuri Glazkov (1939β2008) β Soyuz 24
- Viktor Gorbatko (1934β2017) β Soyuz 7, Soyuz 24, Soyuz 37/36
- Alexander Grebenkin β SpaceX Crew-8
- Georgi Grechko (1931β2017) β Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26/27, Soyuz T-14/13
- Aleksei Gubarev (1931β2015) β Soyuz 17, Soyuz 28
I
- Aleksandr Ivanchenkov β Soyuz 29/31, Soyuz T-6,
- Anatoli Ivanishin β Soyuz TMA-22, Soyuz MS-01, Soyuz MS-16,
K
- Aleksandr Kaleri* β Soyuz TM-14, Soyuz TM-24, Soyuz TM-30, Soyuz TMA-3, Soyuz TMA-01M
- Yevgeny Khrunov (1933β2000) β Soyuz 5/4
- Anna Kikina β SpaceX Crew-5
- Leonid Kizim* (1941β2010) β Soyuz T-3, Soyuz T-10/11, Soyuz T-15
- Pyotr Klimuk* β Soyuz 13, Soyuz 18, Soyuz 30
- Vladimir Komarov (1927β1967), Died on reentry. β Voskhod 1, Soyuz 1
- Yelena V. Kondakova β Soyuz TM-20/STS-84
- Dmitri Kondratyev β Soyuz TMA-20
- Oleg Kononenko* β Soyuz TMA-12, Soyuz TMA-03M, Soyuz TMA-17M, Soyuz MS-11, Soyuz MS-24/MS-25
- Mikhail Korniyenko β Soyuz TMA-18, Soyuz TMA-16M
- Sergey Korsakov* β Soyuz MS-21
- Valery Korzun β Soyuz TM-24, STS-111/113
- Oleg Kotov* β Soyuz TMA-10, Soyuz TMA-17, Soyuz TMA-10M
- Vladimir Kovalyonok* β Soyuz 25, Soyuz 29/31, Soyuz T-4
- Konstantin Kozeyev β Soyuz TM-33/32
- Sergei Krikalev β Soyuz TM-7, Soyuz TM-12/ Soyuz TM-13, STS-60, STS-88, Soyuz TM-31/STS-102, Soyuz TMA-6
- Valeri Kubasov (1935β2014) β Soyuz 6, Soyuz 19, Soyuz 36/35
- Sergey Kud-Sverchkov β Soyuz MS-16
L
- Aleksandr Laveykin β Soyuz TM-2
- Vasili Lazarev (1928β1990) β Soyuz 12, Soyuz 18a
- Aleksandr Lazutkin β Soyuz TM-25
- Valentin Lebedev β Soyuz 13, Soyuz T-5/7
- Alexei Leonov (1934β2019) β Voskhod 2 (first walk in space), Soyuz 19
- Anatoli Levchenko* (1941β1988) β Soyuz TM-4/3
- Yuri Lonchakov* β STS-100, Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34, Soyuz TMA-13
- Vladimir Lyakhov* (1941β2018) β Soyuz 32/34, Soyuz T-9, Soyuz TM-6/5
M
- Oleg Makarov (1933β2003) β Soyuz 12, Soyuz 18a, Soyuz 27/26, Soyuz T-3
- Yuri Malenchenko* β Soyuz TM-19, STS-106, Soyuz TMA-2, Soyuz TMA-11, Soyuz TMA-05M, Soyuz TMA-19M,
- Yury Malyshev (1941β1999) β Soyuz T-2, Soyuz T-11/10
- Gennadi Manakov (1950β2019) β Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-16
- Musa Manarov* β Soyuz TM-4/6, Soyuz TM-11
- Denis Matveev β Soyuz MS-21
- Alexander Misurkin β Soyuz TMA-08M, Soyuz MS-06, Soyuz MS-20
- Boris Morukov (1950β2015) β STS-106
- Talgat Musabayev* β Soyuz TM-19, Soyuz TM-27, Soyuz TM-32/31
N
- Grigori Nelyubov (1934β1966) β Expelled from Vostok program, no flights.
- Andriyan Nikolayev (1929β2004) β Vostok 3, Soyuz 9
- Oleg Novitski* β Soyuz TMA-06M, Soyuz MS-03, Soyuz MS-18, Soyuz MS-25/MS-24
O
- Yuri Onufrienko* β Soyuz TM-23, STS-108/111
- Aleksey Ovchinin β Soyuz TMA-20M, Soyuz MS-10, Soyuz MS-12, Soyuz MS-26
P
- Gennady Padalka β Soyuz TM-28, Soyuz TMA-4, Soyuz TMA-14, Soyuz TMA-04M, Soyuz TMA-16M
- Viktor Patsayev* (1933β1971), Died on reentry. β Soyuz 11
- Dmitry Petelin β Soyuz MS-22/MS-23
- Oleg Platonov β
- Aleksandr Poleshchuk β Soyuz TM-16
- Valeri Polyakov (1942β2022) β Soyuz TM-6/7, Soyuz TM-18/20
- Leonid Popov* β Soyuz 35/37, Soyuz 40, Soyuz T-7/5
- Pavel Popovich* (1930β2009) β Vostok 4, Soyuz 14
- Sergey Prokopyev β Soyuz MS-09, Soyuz MS-22/MS-23
R
- Sergei Revin β Soyuz TMA-04M
- Roman Romanenko β Soyuz TMA-15, Soyuz TMA-07M
- Yuri Romanenko β Soyuz 26/27, Soyuz 38, Soyuz TM-2/3
- Valery Rozhdestvensky (1939β2011) β Soyuz 23
- Nikolai Rukavishnikov (1932β2002) β Soyuz 10, Soyuz 16, Soyuz 33
- Sergei Ryazanski β Soyuz TMA-10M, Soyuz MS-05
- Valery Ryumin (1939β2022) β Soyuz 25, Soyuz 32/34, Soyuz 35/37, STS-91
- Sergei Ryzhikov β Soyuz MS-02, Soyuz MS-16
S
- Aleksandr Samokutyayev β Soyuz TMA-21, Soyuz TMA-14M
- Gennadi Sarafanov (1942β2005) β Soyuz 15
- Viktor Savinykh β Soyuz T-4, Soyuz T-13/14, Soyuz TM-3,
- Svetlana Savitskaya β Soyuz T-7/5, Soyuz T-12
- Aleksandr Serebrov (1944β2013) β Soyuz T-7/5, Soyuz T-8, Soyuz TM-8, Soyuz TM-17
- Yelena Serova β Soyuz TMA-14M
- Vitali Sevastyanov (1935β2010) β Soyuz 9, Soyuz 18
- Yuri Shargin β Soyuz TMA-5/4
- Salizhan Sharipov* β STS-89, Soyuz TMA-5
- Vladimir Shatalov* (1927β2021) β Soyuz 4, Soyuz 8, Soyuz 10
- Klim Shipenko β Soyuz MS-19
- Anton Shkaplerov β Soyuz TMA-22, Soyuz TMA-15M, Soyuz MS-07, Soyuz MS-19
- Georgi Shonin* (1935β1997) β Soyuz 6
- Oleg Skripochka β Soyuz TMA-01M, Soyuz TMA-20M, Soyuz MS-15
- Aleksandr Skvortsov β Soyuz TMA-18, Soyuz TMA-12M, Soyuz MS-13
- Anatoly Solovyev* β Soyuz TM-5/4, Soyuz TM-9, Soyuz TM-15, STS-71/Soyuz TM-21, Soyuz TM-26
- Vladimir Solovyov β Soyuz T-10/11, Soyuz T-15
- Gennadi Strekalov (1940β2004) β Soyuz T-3, Soyuz T-8, Soyuz T-11/10, Soyuz TM-10, Soyuz TM-21/STS-71
- Maksim Surayev β Soyuz TMA-16, Soyuz TMA-13M
T
- Yevgeni Tarelkin β Soyuz TMA-06M
- Valentina Tereshkova, First woman in space. β Vostok 6
- Gherman Titov (1935β2000) β Vostok 2
- Vladimir Titov β Soyuz T-8, Soyuz TM-4/6, STS-63, STS-86
- Valeri Tokarev β STS-96, Soyuz TMA-7
- Sergei Treshchov β STS-111/113
- Vasili Tsibliyev* β Soyuz TM-17, Soyuz TM-25
- Mikhail Tyurin β STS-105/108, Soyuz TMA-9, Soyuz TMA-11M
U
V
- Vladimir Vasyutin* (1952β2002) β Soyuz T-14
- Ivan Vagner Soyuz MS-16
- Aleksandr Viktorenko* β Soyuz TM-3/2, Soyuz TM-8, Soyuz TM-14, Soyuz TM-20
- Pavel Vinogradov β Soyuz TM-26, Soyuz TMA-8, Soyuz TMA-08M
- Igor Volk* (1937β2017) β Soyuz T-12
- Alexander Volkov* β Soyuz T-14, Soyuz TM-7, Soyuz TM-13, Soyuz TM-13
- Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov* β Soyuz TMA-12, Soyuz TMA-02M
- Vladislav Volkov (1935β1971), Died on reentry. β Soyuz 7, Soyuz 11
- Boris Volynov β Soyuz 5, Soyuz 21
- Sergei Vozovikov (1958β1993), drowned during survival training program β No flights.
Y
- Boris Yegorov (1937β1994) β Voskhod 1
- Aleksei Yeliseyev β Soyuz 5/4, Soyuz 8, Soyuz 10
- Fyodor Yurchikhin* β STS-112, Soyuz TMA-10, Soyuz TMA-19, Soyuz TMA-09M, Soyuz MS-04
Z
- Dmitri Zaikin (1932β2013) β No flights.
- Sergei Zalyotin β Soyuz TM-30, Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34
- Vitali Zholobov* β Soyuz 21
- Vyacheslav Zudov β Soyuz 23
Eastern Bloc cosmonauts
From 1978β1988, the Soviet Union transported 11 citizens of 10 nations closely allied to the USSR in the Soyuz crewed vehicle. All of them flew as a result of the Interkosmos program. These space travelers have usually been referred to as "cosmonauts".
- Afghanistan: Abdul Ahad Mohmand β Soyuz TM-6/5
- Bulgaria:
- Cuba: Arnaldo Tamayo MΓ©ndez β Soyuz 38
- Czechoslovakia: VladimΓr Remek β Soyuz 28
- East Germany: Sigmund JΓ€hn (1937β2019) β Soyuz 31/29
- Hungary: Bertalan Farkas β Soyuz 36/35
- Mongolia: JΓΌgderdemidiin GΓΌrragchaa β Soyuz 39
- Poland: MirosΕaw Hermaszewski (1941β2022)β Soyuz 30
- Romania: Dumitru Prunariu β Soyuz 40
- Vietnam: PhαΊ‘m TuΓ’n β Soyuz 37/36
Other cosmonauts
In 1982, as an extension of the Intercosmos program, the Soviet Union began to fly the citizens of countries not part of the Soviet bloc, starting with Jean-Loup ChrΓ©tien of France. The USSR and later Russia have transported 49 citizens of 18 other nations on the Soyuz vehicle, usually as part of a commercial arrangement, including seven space tourists flying through the Space Adventures contract. Since 2001, the Soyuz has been used to transport ESA, JAXA, and NASA astronauts to the International Space Station. These space travelers are not always referred to as "cosmonauts", especially if they belong to another space program; e.g., NASA employees are almost always referred to as "astronauts", even if they are flying on a Russian vehicle.
Africa
- South Africa: Mark Shuttleworth (Space Adventures) β Soyuz TM-34/33
Americas
- Brazil: Marcos Pontes β Soyuz TMA-8
- Canada:
- United States:
- Joseph M. Acaba β Soyuz TMA-04M
- Anousheh Ansari* (Space Adventures) β Soyuz TMA-9/8
- Michael R. Barratt β Soyuz TMA-14
- Ken Bowersox β Soyuz TMA-1 (landing only)
- Daniel C. Burbank β Soyuz TMA-22
- Leroy Chiao β Soyuz TMA-5
- Timothy Creamer β Soyuz TMA-17
- Tracy Caldwell Dyson β Soyuz TMA-18
- Catherine Coleman β Soyuz TMA-20
- Michael Fincke β Soyuz TMA-4, Soyuz TMA-13
- Michael Foale* β Soyuz TMA-3
- Kevin A. Ford β Soyuz TMA-06M
- Michael E. Fossum β Soyuz TMA-02M
- Ronald J. Garan, Jr. β Soyuz TMA-21
- Richard Garriott* (Space Adventures) β Soyuz TMA-13/12
- Michael S. Hopkins β Soyuz TMA-10M
- Scott Kelly β Soyuz TMA-01M, Soyuz TMA-16M
- Kjell N. Lindgren β Soyuz TMA-17M
- Michael Lopez-Alegria* β Soyuz TMA-9
- Ed Lu β Soyuz TMA-2
- Thomas Marshburn β Soyuz TMA-07M
- Richard Mastracchio β Soyuz TMA-11M
- William S. McArthur β Soyuz TMA-7
- Karen Nyberg β Soyuz TMA-09M
- Gregory Olsen (Space Adventures) β Soyuz TMA-7/6
- Donald Pettit β Soyuz TMA-1 (landing only), Soyuz TMA-03M
- John L. Phillips β Soyuz TMA-6
- William Shepherd β Soyuz TM-31 (launch only)
- Charles Simonyi* (Space Adventures) β Soyuz TMA-10/9, Soyuz TMA-14/13
- Norman Thagard β Soyuz TM-21 (launch only)
- Dennis Tito (Space Adventures) β Soyuz TM-32/31
- Terry W. Virts β Soyuz TMA-15M
- Shannon Walker β Soyuz TMA-19
- Douglas H. Wheelock β Soyuz TMA-19
- Peggy Whitson β Soyuz TMA-11
- Jeffrey Williams β Soyuz TMA-8, Soyuz TMA-16
- Sunita Williams β Soyuz TMA-05M
- Barry E. Wilmore β Soyuz TMA-14M
- Gregory R. Wiseman β Soyuz TMA-13M
Asia
- India: Rakesh Sharma (Intercosmos) β Soyuz T-11/10
- Japan:
- Malaysia: Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor β Soyuz TMA-11/10
- South Korea: Yi So-yeon β Soyuz TMA-12/11
- Syria: Muhammed Faris (Intercosmos) β Soyuz TM-3/2
Europe
- Austria: Franz ViehbΓΆck β Soyuz TM-13/12
- Belgium: Frank De Winne, EAC β Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34, Soyuz TMA-15
- France:
- Jean-Loup ChrΓ©tien, CNES (Intercosmos) β Soyuz T-6, Soyuz TM-7/6
- LΓ©opold Eyharts, EAC β Soyuz TM-27/26
- Claudie AndrΓ©-Deshays HaignerΓ©, EAC β Soyuz TM-24/23, Soyuz TM-33/32
- Jean-Pierre HaignerΓ©, EAC β Soyuz TM-17/16, Soyuz TM-29
- Michel Tognini, EAC β Soyuz TM-15/14
- Germany:
- Reinhold Ewald, EAC β Soyuz TM-25/24
- Klaus-Dietrich Flade β Soyuz TM-14/13
- Alexander Gerst β Soyuz TMA-13M
- Ulf Merbold, EAC β Soyuz TM-20/19
- Thomas Reiter, EAC β Soyuz TM-22
- Italy:
- Samantha Cristoforetti, EAC β Soyuz TMA-15M
- Roberto Vittori, EAC β Soyuz TM-34/33, Soyuz TMA-6/5
- Paolo Nespoli, EAC β Soyuz TMA-20
- Luca Parmitano, EAC β Soyuz TMA-09M
- The Netherlands: AndrΓ© Kuipers, EAC β Soyuz TMA-4/3, Soyuz TMA-03M
- Slovakia: Ivan Bella β Soyuz TM-29/28
- Spain: Pedro Duque, EAC β Soyuz TMA-3/2
- United Kingdom:
- Helen Sharman β Soyuz TM-12/11
- Timothy Peake, EAC β Soyuz TMA-19M
Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia
All Soviet and RKA cosmonauts have been born within the borders of the U.S.S.R.; no cosmonaut who was born in independent Russia has yet flown. Many cosmonauts, however, were born in Soviet territories outside the boundaries of Russia, and may be claimed by various Soviet successor states as nationals of those states. All claimed Soviet or Russian citizenship at the time of their space flights.
Azerbaidzhan S.S.R. / Azerbaijan
- Musa Manarov, born in Baku, Azerbaijan
Byelorussian S.S.R. / Belarus
- Pyotr Klimuk, born in Komarovka, Belarus
- Vladimir Kovalyonok, born in Beloye, Belarus
- Oleg Novitski, born in Chervyen', Belarus
Georgian S.S.R. / Georgia
- Fyodor Yurchikhin, born in Batumi, Georgia
Kazakh S.S.R. / Kazakhstan
- Toktar Aubakirov, born in Karaganda, Kazakhstan
- Yuri Lonchakov, born in Balkhash, Kazakhstan
- Talgat Musabayev, born in Kargaly, Kazakhstan
- Viktor Patsayev (1933β1971), born in Aktyubinsk, Kazakhstan
- Dmitry Petelin, born in Kustanai, Kazakhstan
- Vladimir Shatalov (1927β2021), born in Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan
- Aleksandr Viktorenko, born in Olginka, Kazakhstan
Kirghiz S.S.R. / Kyrgyzstan
- Salizhan Sharipov, born in Uzgen, Kyrgyzstan
- Sergey Korsakov, born in Krunze, Kyrgyzstan
Latvian S.S.R. / Latvia
- Aleksandr Kaleri, born in JΕ«rmala, Latvia
- Anatoly Solovyev, born in Riga, Latvia
- Oleg Artemyev, born in Riga, Latvia
Turkmen S.S.R. / Turkmenistan
- Oleg Kononenko, born in Chardzhou, Turkmenistan
Ukrainian S.S.R. / Ukraine
- Anatoly Artsebarsky, born in Prosyana, Ukraine
- Georgi Beregovoi (1921-1995), born in Federivka, Ukraine
- Georgiy Dobrovolskiy (1928-1971), born in Odessa, Ukraine
- Yuri Gidzenko, born in Yelanets, Ukraine
- Leonid Kizim (1941-2010), born in Krasnyi Lyman, Ukraine
- Oleg Kotov, born in Simferopol, Ukraine
- Anatoli Levchenko (1941-1988), born in Krasnokutsk, Ukraine
- Vladimir Lyakhov (1941-2018), born in Antratsyt, Ukraine
- Yuri Malenchenko, born in Svitlovodsk, Ukraine
- Yuri Onufriyenko, born in Ryasne, Ukraine
- Leonid Popov, born in Oleksandriia, Ukraine
- Pavel Popovich (1930-2009), born in Uzyn, Ukraine.
- Georgi Shonin (1935-1997), born in Rovenky, Ukraine
- Vasili Tsibliyev, born in Horikhivka, Ukraine
- Vladimir Vasyutin (1952-2002), born in Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Igor Volk (1937-2017), born in Zmiiv, Ukraine
- Aleksandr Volkov, born in Horlivka, Ukraine
- Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov, born in Chuhuiv, Ukraine
- Vitali Zholobov, born in Zburyivka, Ukraine
Uzbek S.S.R. / Uzbekistan
- Vladimir Dzhanibekov, born in Iskandar, Uzbekistan
See also
- List of Russian aviators
- List of Russian explorers
- List of Russian inventors
- List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
- List of Russian human spaceflight missions
References
- Garber, Todd Messer, Claire Rojstaczer, and Steve. "Women in Space". history.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)