Knowledge (XXG)

List of Charadriiformes by population

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The population of birds
Lists

Accipitriformes (hawks, eagles, vultures, and kites)
Anseriformes (waterfowl)
Apodiformes (swifts and hummingbirds)
Caprimulgiformes (nightjars and relatives)
Charadriiformes (gulls and relatives)
Ciconiiformes (storks and relatives)
Columbiformes (doves and pigeons)
Coraciiformes (kingfishers and relatives)
Cuculiformes (cuckoos and relatives)
Falconiformes (falcons and relatives)
Galliformes (gamebirds)
Gaviiformes (loons or divers)
Gruiformes (cranes and relatives)
Passeriformes (perching birds)
Pelecaniformes (pelicans and relatives)
Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos)
Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)
Podicipediformes (grebes)
Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels)
Psittaciformes (parrots)
Sphenisciformes (penguins)
Strigiformes (owls)
Struthioniformes (ratites)
Tinamiformes (tinamous)
Trogoniformes (trogons and quetzals)

This is a list of Charadriiformes species by global population. While numbers are estimates, they have been made by the experts in their fields.

Charadriiformes (Charadrius being Latin for "plover") is the taxonomic order to which the waders, gulls, and auks belong. BirdLife International has assessed 352 species; 181 (51% of total species) have had their population estimated. Bird taxonomy is currently in a state of flux, much wider in scope than the complications arising from the realization that birds are dinosaurs, and a full scientific consensus on the division of orders has yet to be settled upon. The Charadriiformes, for example, are grouped with the Ciconiiformes in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy. In the interest of standardization this article, along with the rest of the Knowledge (XXG) Bird Population lists, is split along the taxonomic system used by BirdLife, which is both the Earth's largest partnership of conservation organizations, and the assessment team for birds on the IUCN Red List. This is not an endorsement of any one taxonomic system, and it may change in the future as new relationships are brought to light.

A variety of methods are used for counting Charadriiformes. For example, the piping plover is subject to the quinquennial Piping Plover International Census, which is carried out in 9 Canadian provinces, 32 US states, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. In the 2006 survey, Saskatchewan alone had 159 volunteers scour 294 waterbodies. The mountain plover has had its nests counted through the drive transect method. Once density has been calculated, the numbers are extrapolated over a bird's range. For more information on how these estimates were ascertained, see Knowledge (XXG)'s articles on population biology and population ecology.

Species which can no longer be included in a list of this nature include the Tahiti sandpiper, which was only recorded in 1777, and is suspected to have fallen prey to introduced egg-eating rats. The same fate awaited the white-winged sandpiper. The Canarian oystercatcher was reported vanished by 1940, believed to have been the result of overfishing of its sustenance. The feathers of the great auk made excellent pillows, and egg collectors were so successful in their hobby that the last specimen in Britain was seen in 1840 on Stac an Armin, Scotland. This was beaten to death by three men believing it to be a witch.

The continued existence of some species has yet to be confirmed either way. The Javan lapwing, for example, has not had a confirmed sighting since 1940, but unconfirmed reports continue to give hope that the last individual has yet to die. The last confirmed sightings of the Eskimo curlew were in the early 1980s, but scientists would rather not issue a formal declaration of extinction until surveying of all potential breeding locations is completed. The slender-billed curlew (included in the list below) was considered "very common" in the early 1800s, rare by the early 1900s. The bird was recorded 103 times between 1980 and 1990, and 74 times between 1990 and 1999. The last confirmed recording of the slender-billed curlew was in April 2001.

Critically Endangered means a species has experienced a decline of at least 80% in the past ten years or three generations, or is projected to decline that much over the same period of time. A species' continued existence does not necessarily mean the bird can be salvaged, as it may have already passed the minimum viable population.

Species by global population

Common name Binomial name Population Status Trend Notes Image
Javan lapwing Vanellus macropterus 0-49 CR Decrease Last confirmed sighted was in 1939.
Eskimo curlew Numenius borealis 0-49 CR Unknown Last confirmed sighting in 1960s.
Slender-billed curlew Numenius tenuirostris 1-49 CR Decrease No recent sightings; may be extinct.
Black stilt Himantopus novaezelandiae 1-49 CR Increase Estimate is for mature individuals only.
New Caledonian buttonquail Turnix novaecaledoniae 1-49 CR Unknown May be extinct. Last sighting was in early 1900s.
Buff-breasted buttonquail Turnix olivii 1-250 CR Unknown Best estimate is 1-49 mature individuals. May be extinct; last verifiable sighting was in the 1920s.
Brown-chested lapwing Vanellus superciliosus 1-25,000 LC Unknown Tentatively equal to 10,000-19,999. Wide estimate comes from uncertainty of threats to species.
Chinese crested tern Thalasseus bernsteini 30-49 CR Decrease
Jerdon's courser Rhinoptilus bitorquatus 70-400 CR Decrease Equal to 50-249 mature individuals.
New Zealand plover Charadrius obscurus 120 CR Decrease Equal to 60-80 mature individuals.
Shore dotterel Thinornis novaeseelandiae 170 EN Increase Estimate for mature individuals only. Recent estimates found breeding populations to be 85 pairs.
Chatham oystercatcher Haematopus chathamensis 200-249 EN Steady Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Spoon-billed sandpiper Calidris pygmaea 240-620 CR Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only. Best estimate is 490 mature individuals.
Plains-wanderer Pedionomus torquatus 251-1,000; 5,000 EN Decrease Minimum and maximum estimates are for mature individuals only. There is much uncertainty regarding the estimate.
Australian painted-snipe Rostratula australis 270-410 EN Decrease Best estimate is of 340 mature individuals.
Saint Helena plover Charadrius sanctaehelenae 545 CR Increase Estimate is exact count from a recent survey for mature individuals only.
Black-bellied tern Sterna acuticauda 900-1,100 EN Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only. Broader range of population estimated at 800–1,600. The estimate to the left is the best available. Species needs further study due to severe declines in population in recent decades.
Lava gull Larus fuliginosus 900-1,200 VU Increase Equal to 600-800 mature individuals. May be an overestimate.
Madagascar jacana Actophilornis albinucha 975-2,064 EN Decrease Equal to 780–1,643 mature individuals.
Snares island snipe Coenocorypha huegeli 1,000-1,500 NT Steady Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Nordmann's greenshank Tringa guttifer 1,000-2,000 EN Decrease Equal to 600–1,300 mature individuals.
Peruvian tern Sternula lorata 1,000-2,499 EN Decrease Equal to 667–1,666 mature individuals.
Black-fronted tern Chlidonias albostriatus 1,000-5,000 EN Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Andean lapwing Vanellus resplendens 1,000-10,000 LC Steady Equal to 670–6,700 mature individuals.
Belcher's gull Larus belcheri 1,000-10,000 LC Increase
Snowy-crowned tern Sterna trudeaui 1,000-10,000 LC Steady Equal to 670–6,700 mature individuals.
Tawny-throated dotterel Oreopholus ruficollis 1,000-10,000 LC Decrease Equal to 670–6,700 mature individuals.
Long-billed plover Charadrius placidus 1,000-25,000 LC Decrease Equal to 670–17,000 mature individuals.
Tuamotu sandpiper Prosobonia parvirostris 1,300 EN Decrease Minimum estimate. Equal to 900 mature individuals.
Javan plover Charadrius javanicus 2,000-6,000 LC Steady Equal to 1,333-4,000 mature individuals. Population size now considered to be larger.
Damara tern Sternula balaenarum 2,200-5,700 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Chilean skua Catharacta chilensis 2,500-9,999 LC Steady Estimate for mature individuals only. Tentative estimate.
Fairy tern Sternula nereis 2,500-9,999 VU Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Spot-breasted lapwing Vanellus melanocephalus 2,500-9,999 LC Unknown Estimate for mature individuals only. Tentative estimate.
Diademed plover Phegornis mitchellii 2,500-9,999 NT Decrease Equal to 1,667-6,666 mature individuals.
Fuegian snipe Gallinago stricklandii 2,500-9,999 NT Decrease Equal to 1,500-7,000 mature individuals.
Magellanic plover Pluvianellus socialis 2,500-9,999 NT Steady Equal to 1,667-6,666 mature individuals.
Madagascar snipe Gallinago macrodactyla 2,500-9,999 VU Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Chatham snipe Coenocorypha pusilla 2,700-3,300 VU Steady Equal to 1,800-2,200 mature individuals.
Madagascar plover Charadrius thoracicus 2,700-3,500 VU Decrease Equal to 1,800-2,300 mature individuals.
Black-breasted buttonquail Turnix melanogaster 3,000-6,500 VU Decrease Best estimate is 4,800 mature individuals.
Kerguelen tern Sterna virgata 3,500-6,500 NT Steady Equal to 2,300-4,300 mature individuals.
Sumba buttonquail Turnix everetti 3,500-15,000 VU Decrease Equal to 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.
Amami woodcock Scolopax mira 3,500-15,000 VU Steady Equal to 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.
Wood snipe Gallinago nemoricola 3,500-15,000 VU Decrease Equal to 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.
Indian skimmer Rynchops albicollis 3,700-4,400 EN Decrease Equal to 2,450-2,900 mature individuals.
Variable oystercatcher Haematopus unicolor 4,000-4,300 LC Increase Estimate for mature individuals only.
Wrybill Anarhynchus frontalis 4,500-5,000 VU Decrease Equal to 3,000-3,300 mature individuals.
Madagascar pratincole Glareola ocularis 5,000-10,000 NT Decrease Equal to 3,300-6,700 mature individuals.
Yellow-wattled lapwing Vanellus malabaricus 5,000-10,000 LC Steady Equal to 3,300-6,700 mature individuals.
Japanese murrelet Synthliboramphus wumizusume 5,200-9,400 VU Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Beach thick-knee Esacus magnirostris 6,000 NT Decrease Mature individuals are estimated at 4,000. Subpopulations include 5,000 in Australia, 1,000 in Melanesia islands, and 10–20 in New Caledonia.
White-fronted tern Sterna striata 6,120-25,120 NT Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only. This estimate includes subspecies S. s. striata and S. s. aucklandorum.
African oystercatcher Haematopus moquini 6,670 LC Increase Equal to 4,450 mature individuals.
Forbes's plover Charadrius forbesi 6,700-67,000 LC Unknown
Hooded plover Thinornis cucullatus 7,000 VU Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only. Split up into two subspecies: 3,000 cucullatus and 4,000 tregellasi.
Guadalupe murrelet Synthliboramphus hypoleucus 7,500 EN Decrease Equal to 5,000 mature individuals.
Black-winged lapwing Vanellus melanopterus 8,700-42,000 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Moluccan woodcock Scolopax rochussenii 9,530-19,059 VU Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Olrog's gull Larus atlanticus 9,800-15,600 NT Steady Estimate for mature individuals only.
Bristle-thighed curlew Numenius tahitiensis 10,000 NT Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Imperial snipe Gallinago imperialis 10,000 NT Decrease Preliminary minimum estimate. Equal to 6,700 mature individuals.
Bush thick-knee Burhinus grallarius 10,000-15,000 LC Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
South polar skua Catharacta maccormicki 10,000-19,999 LC Steady Equal to 6,000-15,000 mature individuals.
Grey-breasted seedsnipe Thinocorus orbignyianus 10,000-25,000 LC Steady Equal to 6,700-17,000 mature individuals.
Malaysian plover Charadrius peronii 10,000-25,000 NT Decrease Equal to 6,700-17,000 mature individuals.
Wandering tattler Tringa incanus 10,000-25,000 LC Steady Equal to 6,700-17,000 mature individuals.
Dolphin gull Larus scoresbii 10,000-28,000 LC Steady Equal to 6,700-19,000 mature individuals.
Pacific gull Larus pacificus 11,000 LC Steady
Grey pratincole Glareola cinerea 11,000-35,000 LC Unknown Equal to 7,300-23,000 mature individuals.
Solitary snipe Gallinago solitaria 11,000-110,000 LC Steady Equal to 7,300-73,000 mature individuals.
Piping plover Charadrius melodus 11,500-12,500 NT Increase Equal to 7,600-8,400 mature individuals. Based on recent census data.
Craveri's murrelet Synthliboramphus craveri 12,000 VU Decrease Equal to 8,000 mature individuals.
Black-faced sheathbill Chionis minor 13,000-20,000 LC Decrease Equal to 8,700-13,000 mature individuals.
Senegal thick-knee Burhinus senegalensis 13,000-33,000 LC Unknown Estimate is for mature individuals only.
African skimmer Rynchops flavirostris 15,000-25,000 LC Decrease Equal to 10,000-17,000 mature individuals.
River lapwing Vanellus duvaucelii 15,000-29,999 NT Decrease Difficult to estimate. Equal to 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.
Relict gull Larus relictus 15,000-29,999 VU Decrease Equal to 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.
Scripps's murrelet Synthliboramphus scrippsi 15,000-30,000 VU Decrease Equal to 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.
Egyptian plover Pluvianus aegyptius 15,000-57,000 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Sociable lapwing Vanellus gregarius 16,000-17,000 CR Decrease Population from extrapoplating estimation in Kazakhstan. Equal to 11,200 mature individuals.
Chestnut-banded plover Charadrius pallidus 17,500-22,500 LC Steady Equal to 11,500-14,900 mature individuals. South African subpopulation estimated at 11,000-16,000 individuals.
Double-banded plover Charadrius bicinctus 19,000 NT Decrease Equal to 13,000 mature individuals.
Mountain plover Charadrius montanus 20,000 NT Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Latham's snipe Gallinago hardwickii 20,000-39,000 NT Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Eastern curlew Numenius madagascariensis 20,000-49,999 EN Decrease
Auckland snipe Coenocorypha aucklandica 20,000-49,999 NT Steady Estimate is for mature individuals only.
White-tailed lapwing Vanellus leucurus 20,000-130,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 1,100-10,200 mature individuals.
Saunders's gull Saundersilarus saundersi 21,000-22,000 VU Decrease Equal to 14,400 mature individuals.
Asian dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus 23,000 NT Decrease
Buff-breasted sandpiper Calidris subruficollis 23,000-84,000 NT Decrease Equal to 15,300-56,000 mature individuals.
Snowy plover Charadrius nivosus 24,000-31,000 NT Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Grey gull Larus modestus 25,000 LC Decrease
Long-toed stint Calidris subminuta 25,000 LC Unknown Minimum estimate.
White tern Gygis alba 25,000-49,999 LC Steady Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Grey-headed lapwing Vanellus cinereus 25,000-100,000 LC Decrease
Pectoral sandpiper Calidris melanotos 25,000-100,000 LC Steady
Ross's gull Rhodostethia rosea 25,000-100,000 LC Unknown Equal to 15,000-70,000 mature individuals.
Swinhoe's snipe Gallinago megala 25,000-100,000 LC Unknown
Australian gull-billed tern Gelochelidon macrotarsa 25,000-100,000 LC Unknown
Slaty-backed gull Larus schistisagus 25,000-1,000,000 LC Unknown
Blue noddy Anous ceruleus 27,000-120,000 LC Steady Population combined with Anous albivitta.
Great skua Stercorarius skua 30,000-39,999 LC Steady Estimate for mature individuals only.
River tern Sterna aurantia 30,000-100,000 VU Decrease Equal to 20,000-70,000 mature individuals.
Blackish oystercatcher Haematopus ater 30,900-131,000 LC Unknown Equal to 20,900-87,300 mature individuals. Subspecies populations include H. a. ater at 22,000-120,000 individuals and H. a. bachmani at 8,900-87,300 individuals.
Aleutian tern Onychoprion aleuticus 31,000 VU Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Greater painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis 31,000-1,000,000 LC Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Audouin's gull Larus audouinii 33,000-46,000 VU Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Fynbos buttonquail Turnix hottentottus 33,206-132,169 LC Decrease Equal to 22,248-88,553 mature individuals. Estimate calculated from population density and range of habitat.
Swallow-tailed gull Creagrus furcatus 35,000 LC Unknown Last estimate was made in 1984.
Brown skua Catharacta antarctica 39,000-42,000 LC Decrease Equal to 26,000-28,000 mature individuals.
Caspian plover Charadrius asiaticus 40,000-55,000 LC Decrease
Grey-tailed tattler Tringa brevipes 44,000 NT Decrease Equal to 29,500 mature individuals.
Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris 48,000-82,000 NT Decrease Equal to 32,000-55,000 mature individuals.
Red-wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus 50,000-60,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 100-200 mature individuals.
Long-billed curlew Numenius americanus 50,000-123,000 LC Decrease
Eurasian dotterel Eudromias morinellus 50,000-220,000 LC Decrease
Collared plover Charadrius collaris 50,000-499,999 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Magellanic snipe Gallinago magellanica 50,000-1,027,000 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Pintail snipe Gallinago stenura 50,000-2,000,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation is 4,000-10,000 mature individuals.
Elegant tern Thalasseus elegans 51,000-90,000 NT Steady
White-eyed gull Larus leucophthalmus 53,700-56,700 LC Steady Equal to 35,800-37,800 mature individuals.
Ivory gull Pagophila eburnea 58,000-78,000 NT Decrease Equal to 38,000-52,000 mature individuals.
Yellow-footed gull Larus livens 60,000 LC Unknown Equal to 40,000 mature individuals.
Sharp-tailed sandpiper Calidris acuminata 60,000-120,000 VU Decrease Best estimate is 73,000 mature individuals.
Armenian gull Larus armenicus 68,000-110,000 LC Increase Equal to 45,000-73,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 44,400-71,800 mature individuals.
African three-branded plover Charadrius tricollaris 70,000-140,000 LC Unknown
Broad-billed sandpiper Limicola falcinellus 71 000 – 160 000 LC Decrease
Hudsonian godwit Limosa haemastica 77,000 LC Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Broad-billed sandpiper Calidris falcinellus 86,000-89,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 59,400-88,200 mature individuals.
Black-billed gull Larus bulleri 90,000-121,000 NT Unknown Estimate for mature individuals only.
Little gull Larus minutus 97,000-270,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 47,400-90,500 mature individuals.
Whiskered auklet Aethia pygmaea 100,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate. Equal to 67,000 mature individuals.
Pheasant-tailed jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus 100,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate.
Chestnut-backed buttonquail Turnix castanotus 100,000 LC Steady Equal to 50,000 mature individuals. This is a possible estimate- no real data to support these number.
Brown-headed gull Larus brunnicephalus 100,000-200,000 LC Steady
Kentish plover Charadrius alexandrinus 100,000-499,999 LC Decrease Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only.
Iceland gull Larus glaucoides 100,000-499,999 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 150,000-300,000 individuals.
South American snipe Gallinago paraguaiae 100,000-499,999 LC Steady Tentative estimate for mature individuals only.
Red-legged kittiwake Rissa brevirostris 100,000-499,999 VU Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Grey-backed tern Onychoprion lunatus 100,000-1,000,000 LC Decrease
Spotted redshank Tringa erythropus 110,000-270,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 41,000-108,000 mature individuals.
South island oystercatcher Haematopus finschi 113,000 LC Decrease Equal to 50,000-99,999 mature individuals.
Western gull Larus occidentalis 115,500-118,500 LC Increase
Forster's tern Sterna forsteri 120,000 LC Increase
Pallas's gull Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus 125,000-1,100,000 LC Increase
Spur-winged lapwing Vanellus spinosus 130,000-800,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 2,100-3,200 mature individuals.
Spectacled guillemot Cepphus carbo 140,000-148,000 LC Decrease
Solitary sandpiper Tringa solitaria 150,000 LC Decrease
Inca tern Larosterna inca 150,000 NT Decrease Minimum estimate.
Semipalmated plover Charadrius semipalmatus 150,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate.
Black-winged pratincole Glareola nordmanni 150,000-190,000 NT Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Sooty gull Larus hemprichii 150,000-300,000 LC Decrease
Greater sand plover Charadrius leschenaultii 150,000-340,000 LC Decrease Equal to 100,000-225,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 1,200-2,000 mature individuals.
Greater crested tern Thalasseus bergii 150,000-1,100,000 LC Steady
Oriental plover Charadrius veredus 160,000 LC Unknown
Rock sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis 160,000-170,000 LC Decrease
Collared pratincole Glareola pratincola 160,000-600,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 15,700-29,900 mature individuals.
Terek sandpiper Xenus cinereus 160,000-1,200,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 30,900-101,000 mature individuals.
Temminck's stint Calidris temminckii 165,000-1,255,000 LC Unknown Equal to 110,000-850,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation is 116,000-333,000 mature individuals.
Little curlew Numenius minutus 180,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate.
Pacific golden plover Pluvialis fulva 190,000-250,000 LC Decrease
Little tern Sternula albifrons 190,000-410,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 71,900-106,000 mature individuals.
Roseate tern Sterna dougallii 200,000-220,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 4,500-5,800 mature individuals.
Purple sandpiper Calidris maritima 200,000-299,999 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 113,000-166,000 mature individuals.
American golden plover Pluvialis dominica 200,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate.
Pigeon guillemot Cepphus columba 235,000 LC Steady
Mediterranean gull Larus melanocephalus 236,000-650,000 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Caspian tern Sterna caspia 250,000-470,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 23,600-29,600 mature individuals.
Long-tailed jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus 250,000-749,999 LC Steady Preliminary estimate for mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 39,700-106,000 mature individuals.
South American tern Sterna hirundinacea 250,000-1,000,000 LC Decrease
Bonaparte's gull Larus philadelphia 255,000-525,000 LC Increase
Marsh sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis 260,000-1,200,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 24,100-60,600 mature individuals.
Slender-billed gull Larus genei 280,000-345,000 LC Unknown Equal to 180,000-230,000 mature individuals. Revised estimate after taking European population into account. European subpopulation estimated at 107,550-172,500 individuals, or 71,700-115,000 mature individuals.
Pied avocet Recurvirostra avosetta 280,000-470,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 117,000-149,000 mature individuals.
Little ringed plover Charadrius dubius 280,000-530,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 269,000-524,000 mature individuals.
Great knot Calidris tenuirostris 292,000-295,000 EN Decrease
Baird's sandpiper Calidris bairdii 300,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 1,000-2,000 mature individuals.
Whiskered tern Chlidonias hybrida 300,000-1,500,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 133,000-215,000 mature individuals.
Lesser sand plover Charadrius mongolus 310,000-390,000 LC Unknown
Great snipe Gallinago media 310,000-570,000 NT Decrease Equal to 204,000-379,000 mature individuals.
Red-necked stint Calidris ruficollis 315,000 NT Unknown
Sabine's gull Xema sabini 340,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate is for mature individuals only. European subpoluation estimated at 2,100-4,100 mature individuals.
Heermann's gull Larus heermanni 350,000 NT Unknown Estimate for mature individuals only.
Marbled murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus 350,000-420,000 EN Decrease Equal to 240,000-280,000 mature individuals. Estimate comes from individual estimates in Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and California.
Eurasian stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus 360,000-589,999 LC Decrease Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only. Europe subpopulation is estimated at 107,000-176,000 mature individuals.
Lesser yellowlegs Tringa flavipes 400,000 LC Decrease Equal to 270,000 mature individuals.
Long-billed dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus 400,000 LC Unknown Minimum estimate.
Pomarine jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus 400,000 LC Steady Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only. European subpopulation estimated at 40,000 mature individuals.
Arctic jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus 400,000-560,000 LC Steady Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only. European subpopulation estimated at 79,800-112,000 mature individuals.
Glaucous gull Larus hyperboreus 400,000-1,500,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 93,000-270,000 mature individuals.
Common ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula 415,000-1,400,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 280,000-426,000 mature individuals.
Common greenshank Tringa nebularia 440,000-1,500,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 197,000-405,000 mature individuals.
Black guillemot Cepphus grylle 400,000-1,499,999 LC Unknown For mature individuals only. Very preliminary estimate based on a European subpopulation of 304,000-742,000 mature individuals.
American herring gull Larus smithsonianus 430,000-520,000 LC Decrease
Black-winged stilt Himantopus himantopus 450,000-780,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 108,000-151,000 mature individuals.
American avocet Recurvirostra americana 460,000 LC Steady Estimate for mature individuals only.
Ruddy turnstone Arenaria interpres 460,000-730,000 LC Decrease Equal to 300,000-500,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 71,800-154,000 mature individuals.
Sandwich tern Thalasseus sandvicensis 490,000-640,000 LC Steady Equal to 325,000-430,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 160,000-295,000 mature individuals.
Great black-backed gull Larus marinus 500,000-999,999 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 360,000-400,000 individuals.
Double-striped thick-knee Burhinus bistriatus 500,000-4,999,999 LC Steady Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Eurasian oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus 500,000-999,999 NT Decrease
Northern jacana Jacana spinosa 500,000-4,999,999 LC Unknown Estimate for mature individuals only.
Glaucous-winged gull Larus glaucescens 570,000 LC Increase Minimum estimate.
White-cheeked tern Sterna repressa 600,000 LC Decrease Equal to 400,000 mature individuals.
Bridled tern Sterna anaethetus 610,000-1,500,000 LC Unknown Equal to 400,000-1,000,000 mature individuals.
Black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa 614,000-809,999 NT Decrease
Sanderling Calidris alba 620,000-700,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation is 50,100-100,000 mature individuals.
California gull Larus californicus 621,000 LC Decrease
Grey plover Pluvialis squatarola 738,000-935,000 LC Decrease Equal to 490,000-630,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation is 10,000-20,000 mature individuals.
Upland sandpiper Bartramia longicauda 750,000 LC Increase Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Black tern Chlidonias niger 800,000-1,750,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 149,000-308,000 mature individuals.
Eurasian curlew Numenius arquata 835,000-1,310,000 NT Decrease
Red knot Calidris canutus 891,000-979,000 NT Decrease Minimum estimate.
Lesser black-backed gull Larus fuscus 940,000-2,070,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 1,200,000-1,400,000 individuals.
Razorbill Alca torda 979,000-1,020,000 NT Decrease
African jacana Actophilornis africanus 1,000,000 LC Steady
Killdeer Charadrius vociferus 1,000,000 LC Decrease
Jack snipe Lymnocryptes minimus 1 000 000 LC Steady Minimum estimate.
Franklin's gull Larus pipixcan 1,000,000-1,490,000 LC Increase
Ancient murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus 1,000,000-2,000,000 LC Decrease
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus 1,000,000-2,300,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 687,000-805,000 mature individuals.
Common redshank Tringa totanus 1,000,000-3,499,999 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 680,000-968,000 mature individuals.
Curlew sandpiper Calidris ferruginea 1,085,000-1,285,000 NT Decrease
Bar-tailed godwit Limosa lapponica 1,099,000-1,149,000 NT Decrease
Black-tailed gull Larus crassirostris 1,100,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate.
Horned puffin Fratercula corniculata 1,200,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate. Equal to 800,000 mature individuals.
Lesser noddy Anous tenuirostris 1,200,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate.
Brown noddy Anous stolidus 1,200,000-2,100,000 LC Steady Equal to 800,000-1,400,000 mature individuals.
Green sandpiper Tringa ochropus 1,200,000-3,600,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 1,230,000-2,100,000 mature individuals.
Black noddy Anous minutus 1,300,000 LC Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Rhinoceros auklet Cerorhinca monocerata 1,300,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate.
European golden-plover Pluvialis apricaria 1,300,000-1,750,000 LC Increase European subpopulation estimated at 1,890,000-2,600,000 individuals.
Red phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius 1,300,000-2,999,999 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 1,100-3,400 mature individuals.
Parakeet auklet Aethia psittacula 1,400,000 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Little stint Calidris minuta 1,500,000-1,600,000 LC Decrease Equal to 1,000,000-1,100,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation is 96,400-152,000 mature individuals.
Ruff Calidris pugnax 1,500,000-9,999,999 LC Decrease Preliminary estimate based on European population.
European herring gull Larus argentatus 1,590,000-1,830,000 LC Decrease Equal to 1,060,000-1,220,000 mature individuals.
Common tern Sterna hirundo 1,600,000-3,600,000 LC Unknown
Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea 2,000,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 1,130,000-1,810,000 mature individuals.
Wilson's snipe Gallinago delicata 2,000,000 LC Increase Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Semipalmated sandpiper Calidris pusilla 2,200,000 NT Decrease
Common gull Larus canus 2,500,000-3,700,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 1,280,000-2,160,000 mature individuals.
Ring-billed gull Larus delawarensis 2,550,000 LC Increase
Common sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos 2,600,000-3,200,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 1,590,000-2,920,000 mature individuals.
Oriental pratincole Glareola maldivarum 2,900,000-3,000,000 LC Decrease
Wood sandpiper Tringa glareola 3,100,000-3,500,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 1,530,000-3,040,000 mature individuals.
White-winged tern Chlidonias leucopterus 3,100,000-4,000,000 LC Steady European subpopulation estimated at 133,000-347,000 mature individuals.
Kelp gull Larus dominicanus 3,300,000-4,300,000 LC Increase
Tufted puffin Fratercula cirrhata 3,500,000 LC Steady Minimum estimate. Equal to 2,300,000 mature individuals.
American woodcock Scolopax minor 3,500,000 LC Decrease Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Red-necked phalarope Phalaropus lobatus 3,600,000-4,500,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 590,000-1,280,000 mature individuals.
Dunlin Calidris alpina 4,300,000-6,799,999 LC Decrease European subpopulation is 853,000-1,120,000 mature individuals.
Black-headed gull Larus ridibundus 4,800,000-8,900,000 LC Unknown European subpopulation estimated at 4,000,000-5,970,000 individuals, or 2,670,000-3,980,000 mature individuals.
Wattled jacana Jacana jacana 5,000,000-50,000,000 LC Steady Estimate for mature individuals only.
Southern lapwing Vanellus chilensis 5,000,000-50,000,000 LC Increase Estimate is for mature individuals only.
Cassin's auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus 5,400,000 NT Decrease Equal to 3,600,000 mature individuals.
Northern lapwing Vanellus vanellus 5,600,000-10,500,000 NT Decrease European subpopulation estimate is 3,190,000-5,170,000 mature individuals.
Crested auklet Aethia cristatella 8,200,000 LC Decrease Minimum estimate. Equal to 5,500,000 mature individuals.
Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola 10,000,000-26,000,000 LC Steady European subpopulation equals 13,800,000-17,400,000 mature individuals.
Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica 12,000,000-14,000,000 VU Decrease For mature individuals only. European subpopulation estimated at 9,550,000-11,600,000 mature individuals.
Black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla 14,600,000-15,700,000 VU Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 3,460,000-4,410,000 mature individuals.
Common snipe Gallinago gallinago 15,000,000-29,000,000 LC Decrease Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only.
Little auk Alle alle 16,000,000-36,000,000 LC Decrease European subpopulation estimated at 9,200,000-82,000,000 mature individuals, therefore the global population is likely larger.
Common murre Uria aalge 18,000,000 LC Increase Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 2,350,000-3,060,000 mature individuals.
Least auklet Aethia pusilla 20,000,000 LC Decrease Estimate for mature individuals only.
Thick-billed murre Uria lomvia 22,000,000 LC Increase Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 1,920,000-2,840,000 mature individuals. Russian subpopulation estimated at 10,000-1,000,000 breeding pairs.
Sooty tern Onychoprion fuscatus 35,000,000 LC Unknown Equal to 23,000,000 mature individuals.

See also

References

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  66. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Vanellus malabaricus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693959A93431644". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693959a93431644.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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  68. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Esacus magnirostris: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22728621A94992570". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22728621a94992570.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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  74. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Vanellus melanopterus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22694038A93435105". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22694038a93435105.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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  77. ^ IUCN (2020-08-10). "Numenius tahitiensis: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22693182A181357867". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-10. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22693182a181357867.en. S2CID 240823958.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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  87. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Gallinago solitaria: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693075A93382331". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693075a93382331.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  88. ^ IUCN (2020-08-26). "Charadrius melodus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22693811A182083944". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-26. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22693811a182083944.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  89. ^ IUCN (2020-08-27). "Synthliboramphus craveri: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22694887A179078444". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-27. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22694887a179078444.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  90. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Chionis minor: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693567A93413079". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693567a93413079.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  91. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Burhinus senegalensis: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693580A93413540". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693580a93413540.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  92. ^ IUCN (2020-07-15). "Rynchops flavirostris: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T22694262A179400911". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-07-15. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-3.rlts.t22694262a179400911.en. S2CID 245177454.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  93. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Vanellus duvaucelii: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693992A93432617". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693992a93432617.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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  95. ^ IUCN (2020-08-28). "Synthliboramphus scrippsi: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T62101249A178995789". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-28. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t62101249a178995789.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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  97. ^ IUCN (2018-08-07). "Vanellus gregarius: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T22694053A155545788". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-07. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2019-3.rlts.t22694053a155545788.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  98. ^ IUCN (2021-01-06). "Charadrius pallidus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T22693814A179176196". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021-01-06. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-3.rlts.t22693814a179176196.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  99. ^ IUCN (2020-07-30). "Charadrius bicinctus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22693845A180230226". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-07-30. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22693845a180230226.en. S2CID 242652411.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  100. ^ IUCN (2020-08-26). "Charadrius montanus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22693876A178907575". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-26. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22693876a178907575.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  101. ^ IUCN (2021-12-09). "Gallinago hardwickii: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T22693078A209318491". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021-12-09. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2022-1.rlts.t22693078a209318491.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  102. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Numenius madagascariensis: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T22693199A118601473". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-3.rlts.t22693199a118601473.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  103. ^ "Coenocorypha aucklandica: BirdLife International". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014-07-24. 2014-07-24. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2014-2.rlts.t22727499a40804698.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  104. ^ IUCN (2020-08-12). "Vanellus leucurus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22694064A153819832". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-12. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22694064a153819832.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  105. ^ IUCN (2018-08-08). "Saundersilarus saundersi: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694436A132551327". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-08. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694436a132551327.en. S2CID 240295041.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  106. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Limnodromus semipalmatus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693351A93397892". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693351a93397892.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  107. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Calidris subruficollis: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T22693447A111804064". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-1.rlts.t22693447a111804064.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  108. ^ IUCN (2020-08-26). "Charadrius nivosus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22725033A181360276". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-26. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22725033a181360276.en. S2CID 241686671.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  109. ^ IUCN (2018-08-08). "Larus modestus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694292A132539083". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-08. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694292a132539083.en. S2CID 240304661.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  110. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Calidris subminuta: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693392A93402557". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693392a93402557.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  111. ^ "Gygis alba: BirdLife International". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22694821a93471017.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  112. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Vanellus cinereus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22694010A93433492". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22694010a93433492.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  113. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Calidris melanotos: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693408A93404396". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693408a93404396.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  114. ^ IUCN (2020-02-19). "Rhodostethia rosea: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22694476A168884321". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-02-19. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22694476a168884321.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  115. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Gallinago megala: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693090A93383287". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693090a93383287.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  116. ^ IUCN (2018-08-07). "Gelochelidon macrotarsa: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T62026537A132671766". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-07. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t62026537a132671766.en. S2CID 240347606.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  117. ^ IUCN (2018-08-08). "Larus schistisagus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694362A132544713". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-08. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694362a132544713.en. S2CID 240310924.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  118. ^ "Anous tenuirostris: BirdLife International". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-08. 2018-08-08. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694805a132575736.en. S2CID 240301197.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  119. ^ IUCN (2018-08-07). "Catharacta skua: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694160A132532556". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018-08-07. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694160a132532556.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  120. ^ IUCN (2020-07-27). "Sterna aurantia: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22694537A180171504". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-07-27. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22694537a180171504.en. S2CID 241332090.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  121. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Haematopus ater: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T62015238A95185212". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t62015238a95185212.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  122. ^ IUCN (2020-08-28). "Onychoprion aleuticus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T22694716A178964431". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020-08-28. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2020-3.rlts.t22694716a178964431.en.{{cite iucn}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
  123. ^ IUCN (2016-10-01). "Rostratula benghalensis: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22735810A95118332". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016-10-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22735810a95118332.en.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url, |date= / |doi= mismatch (help)
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