This page is a list of popes by country of origin. They are listed in chronological order within each section.
As the office of pope has existed for almost two millennia, many of the countries of origin of popes no longer exist, and so they are grouped under their modern equivalents.
Overview
There have been 266 popes:
- 217 from Italy
- 16 from France (Pope Sylvester II, Pope Stephen IX, Pope Nicholas II, Pope Urban II, Pope Callistus II, Pope Urban IV, Pope Clement IV, Pope Innocent V, Pope Martin IV, Pope Clement V, Pope John XXII, Pope Benedict XII, Pope Clement VI, Pope Innocent VI, Pope Urban V, and Pope Gregory XI)
- 6 from Germany (Pope Gregory V, Pope Clement II, Pope Damasus II, Pope Leo IX, Pope Victor II, and Pope Benedict XVI)
- 5 from the Byzantine Empire in modern-day Syria (Pope Anicetus, Pope John V, Pope Sisinnius, Pope Constantine, and Pope Gregory III)
- 4 from Greece (Pope Anacletus, Pope Hyginus, Pope Eleutherius, and Pope Sixtus II)
- 3 from the Holy Land in modern-day Israel (Pope Peter, Pope Evaristus, and Pope Theodore I)
- 3 from Africa Proconsularis (Pope Victor I, Pope Miltiades, Pope Gelasius I)
- 2 from Dalmatia in modern-day Croatia (Pope Caius and Pope John IV)
- 2 from Valencia in modern-day Spain (Pope Callixtus III and Pope Alexander VI)
- 2 from Portugal (Pope Damasus I and Pope John XXI)
- 2 from Anatolia in modern-day Turkey (Pope Conon and Pope John VI)
- 1 from England (Pope Adrian IV)
- 1 from the Netherlands (Pope Adrian VI)
- 1 from Poland (Pope John Paul II)
- 1 from Argentina (Pope Francis)
Statistics table
Nationality | Number of popes |
---|---|
Africa Province (Roman Empire) | 3 |
Argentina | 1 |
Asia Minor | 2 |
Croatia (Kingdom of the Lombards) Dalmatia |
2 |
England | 1 |
Kingdom of France (medieval) French part of Holy Roman Empire |
16 |
German part of Holy Roman Empire Modern Germany |
6 |
Roman Greece and Byzantine Greece | 4 |
Italian Peninsula (see table below) | 217 |
Roman Galilee Iudaea Province (Roman Empire) Byzantine Palestine |
3 |
Dutch part of Holy Roman Empire | 1 |
People's Republic of Poland | 1 |
Lusitania (Roman Empire) and Portugal | 2 |
Roman Syria and Byzantine Syria | 5 |
Spain (Valencia in the Crown of Aragon) | 2 |
Total | 266 |
Popes from the Western and Eastern Roman Empire
Byzantine Italy
- Pope Pelagius I (556β561)
- Pope John III (561β574)
- Pope Pelagius II (579β590)
- Pope Gregory I (590β604)
- Pope Sabinian (604β606)
- Pope Boniface III (607)
- Pope Boniface IV (608β615)
- Pope Adeodatus I (615β618)
- Pope Boniface V (619β625)
- Pope Honorius I (625β638)
- Pope Severinus (636β640)
- Pope Martin I (649β653)
- Pope Eugene I (654β657)
- Pope Vitalian (657β672)
- Pope Adeodatus II (672β676)
- Pope Donus (676β678)
- Pope Agatho (678β681)
- Pope Leo II (682β683)
- Pope Benedict I (575β579)
- Pope Benedict II (684β685)
- Pope Sergius I (687β701)
- Pope Gregory II (715β731)
- Pope Zachary (741β752)
- Pope Stephen III (768β772)
- Pope Stephen II (752β757)
- Pope Stephen IV (816β817)
Byzantine Sicily
- Pope Conon (686β687)
Greece
- Pope Telesphorus (126β137)
- Pope Hyginus (c. 138 β c. 140)
- Pope Eleuterus (174/175β189)
- Pope Anterus (235β236)
- Pope Sixtus II (257β258)
- Pope Dionysius (259β268)
- Pope Zosimus (417β418)
- Pope John VI (701β705)
- Pope John VII (705β707)
Lusitania Province
Lusitania corresponds to present-day Portugal.
- Pope Damasus I (366β384)
Roman Africa
These popes are from the Roman province of Africa, which corresponds to the coastal parts of Tunisia, Libya and Algeria.
- Pope Victor I (189β199)
- Pope Miltiades (311β314)
- Pope Gelasius I (492β496)
Roman and Byzantine Syria
- Pope Anicetus (c. 154β167)
- Pope John V (685β686)
- Pope Sisinnius (708)
- Pope Constantine (708β715)
- Pope Gregory III (731β741)
Roman Dalmatia
Dalmatia was at the time part of the Roman and Byzantine Empires. It is now part of the modern Republic of Croatia.
- Pope Caius (283β296)
- Pope John IV (640β642)
Roman Galilee and Iudaea Province
- Saint Peter (c. 30 β c. 67); a native of Bethsaida, in the modern Golan Heights
- Pope Evaristus (c. 99 β c. 107); a native of Bethlehem, in the modern West Bank
- Pope Theodore I (642β649); a native of Jerusalem
Roman Italy
- Pope Linus (64/67(?)β76/79 (?))
- Pope Anacletus (76/79(?)β88)
- Pope Clement I (88/92β97/101)
- Pope Alexander I (c.106βc.115)
- Pope Sixtus I (117/119(?)β126/128(?)
- Pope Pius I (c. 140 β c. 154)
- Pope Soter (c. 166 β 174/175)
- Pope Zephyrinus (199β217)
- Pope Callixtus I (c. 217 β 222)
- Pope Pontian (230β235)
- Pope Urban I (222β230)
- Pope Fabian (236β250)
- Pope Cornelius (251β253)
- Pope Lucius I (253β254)
- Pope Stephen I (254β257)
- Pope Felix I (269β274)
- Pope Eutychian (275β283)
- Pope Marcellinus (296β304?)
- Pope Marcellus I (308β309)
- Pope Sylvester I (314β335)
- Pope Mark (336)
- Pope Julius I (337β352)
- Pope Liberius (352β366)
- Pope Siricius (384β399)
- Pope Anastasius I (399β401)
- Pope Innocent I (401β417)
- Pope Boniface I (418β422)
- Pope Celestine I (422β432)
- Pope Sixtus III (432β440)
- Pope Leo I (440β461)
- Pope Hilarius (461β468)
- Pope Simplicius (468β483)
- Pope Felix III (483β492)
- Pope Anastasius II (396β398)
- Pope Symmachus (498β514)
- Pope Silverius (536β537)
Roman Syria
- Pope Eusebius (309/310)
- Pope John V (685β686)
- Pope Sisinnius (708)
- Pope Constantine (708β715)
- Pope Gregory III (731β741)
Popes by nationality
The concept of nationality only arose during the Middle Ages.
Argentina
- Pope Francis (2013βpresent)
Austria
- Pope Gregory V (996β999)
England
England is part of the modern United Kingdom.
- Pope Adrian IV (1154β1159)
France
French is the most common non-Italian papal ancestry. Sixteen popes have had French ancestry, all in the second half of the medieval era. The seven popes of the Avignon Papacy were French and are bolded. Since the end of the Avignon Papacy, no French person has been elected pope.
Kingdom of France (medieval)
- Pope Silvester II (999β1003): Gerbert of Aurillac
- Pope Urban II (1088β1099): Otho of Lagery (or Otto or Odo)
- Pope Urban IV (1261β1264): Jacques PantalΓ©on
- Pope Clement IV (1265β1268): Guy Foulques
- Pope Martin IV (1281β1285): Simon de Brie
- Pope Clement V (1305β1314): Bertrand de Got
- Pope John XXII (1316β1334): Jacques d'Euse
- Pope Benedict XII (1334β1342): Jacques Fournier
- Pope Clement VI (1342β1352): Pierre Roger
- Pope Innocent VI (1352β1362): Stephen Aubert
- Pope Urban V (1362β1370): Guillaume de Grimoard
- Pope Gregory XI (1370β1378): Pierre Roger de Beaufort
Holy Roman Empire
- Pope Stephen IX (1057β1058) (Duchy of Lorraine): Frederick of Lorraine
- Pope Nicholas II (1059β1061) (Kingdom of Burgundy): Gerard of Burgundy
- Pope Callixtus II (1119β1124) (County of Burgundy): Guido of Vienne
- Pope Innocent V (1276) (Kingdom of Arles): Pierre de Tarentaise
Germany
Holy Roman Empire
- Pope Gregory V (996-999) (Duchy of Carinthia); now Austria
- Pope Clement II (1046β1047) (Duchy of Saxony)
- Pope Damasus II (1048) (Duchy of Bavaria)
- Pope Leo IX (1049β1054) (Alsace, Duchy of Swabia): Bruno, Count of Dagsburg
- Pope Victor II (1055β1057) (Duchy of Swabia)
Federal Republic of Germany
- Pope Benedict XVI (2005β2013)
Italy
The Italian Peninsula, from the beginning of the Middle Ages until the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, was divided into numerous city-states and other political entities. Among these, the Papal States was the birthplace of most of the popes. Other Italian states where more popes were born were the Republic of Venice, the Kingdom of Naples, the Republic of Genoa, the Duchy of Milan and the Florentine Republic and its successor the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
Ostrogothic Kingdom
- Pope Hormisdas (514β523)
- Pope John I (523β526)
- Pope Felix IV (526β530)
- Pope Boniface II (530β532)
- Pope John II (533β535)
- Pope Agapetus I (535β536)
- Pope Vigilius (537β555)
Papal States
- Pope Paul I (757β767)
- Pope Adrian I (772β795)
- Pope Leo III (795β816)
- Pope Paschal I (817β824)
- Pope Eugene II (824β827)
- Pope Valentine (827)
- Pope Gregory IV (827β844)
- Pope Sergius II (844β847)
- Pope Leo IV (847β855)
- Pope Benedict III (855β858)
- Pope Nicholas I (858β867)
- Pope Adrian II (867β872)
- Pope John VIII (872β882)
- Pope Marinus I (882β884)
- Pope Adrian III (884β885)
- Pope Stephen V (885β891)
- Pope Formosus (891β896)
- Pope Boniface VI (896)
- Pope Stephen VI (896β897)
- Pope Romanus (897)
- Pope Theodore II (897)
- Pope John IX (898β900)
- Pope Benedict IV (900β903)
- Pope Leo V (903)
- Pope Sergius III (904β911)
- Pope Anastasius III (911β913)
- Pope Lando (913β914)
- Pope John X (914β928)
- Pope Leo VI (928)
- Pope Stephen VII (928β931)
- Pope John XI (931β935)
- Pope Leo VII (936β939)
- Pope Marinus II (942β946)
- Pope Agapetus II (946β955)
- Pope John XII (955β964)
- Pope Benedict V (964)
- Pope Leo VIII (963β965)
- Pope John XIII (965β972)
- Pope Benedict VI (973β974)
- Pope Benedict VII (974β983)
- Pope John XV (985β996)
- Pope John XVII (1003)
- Pope John XVIII (1004β1009)
- Pope Sergius IV (1009β1012)
- Pope Benedict VIII (1012β1024)
- Pope John XIX (1024β1032)
- Pope Benedict IX (1032β1048)
- Pope Sylvester III (1045)
- Pope Gregory VI (1045β1046)
- Pope Paschal II (1099β1118)
- Pope Honorius II (1124β1130)
- Pope Innocent II (1130β1143)
- Pope Celestine II (1143β1144)
- Pope Lucius II (1144β1145)
- Pope Anastasius IV (1153β1154)
- Pope Gregory VIII (1187)
- Pope Clement III (1187β1191)
- Pope Celestine III (1191β1198)
- Pope Innocent III (1198β1216)
- Pope Honorius III (1216β1227)
- Pope Gregory IX (1227β1241)
- Pope Alexander IV (1254β1261)
- Pope Nicholas III (1277β1280)
- Pope Honorius IV (1285β1287)
- Pope Nicholas IV (1288β1292)
- Pope Boniface VIII (1294β1303)
- Pope Martin V (1417β1431)
- Pope Paul III (1534β1549)
- Pope Julius III (1550β1555)
- Pope Marcellus II (1555)
- Pope Gregory XIII (1572β1585)
- Pope Sixtus V (1585β1590)
- Pope Urban VII (1590)
- Pope Innocent IX (1591)
- Pope Clement VIII (1592β1605)
- Pope Paul V (1605β1621)
- Pope Gregory XV (1621β1623)
- Pope Innocent X (1644β1655)
- Pope Clement X (1670β1676)
- Pope Clement XI (1700β1721)
- Pope Innocent XIII (1721β1724)
- Pope Benedict XIV (1740β1758)
- Pope Clement XIV (1769β1774)
- Pope Pius VI (1775β1799)
- Pope Pius VII (1800β1823)
- Pope Leo XII (1823β1829)
- Pope Pius VIII (1829β1830)
- Pope Pius IX (1846β1878)
- Pope Leo XIII (1878β1903)
Kingdom of Naples
- Pope Urban VI (1378β1389)
- Pope Boniface IX (1389β1404)
- Pope Innocent VII (1404β1406)
- Pope Paul IV (1555β1559)
- Pope Innocent XII (1691β1700)
- Pope Benedict XIII (1724β1730)
Italy in the Holy Roman Empire
- Pope John XIV (983β984)
- Pope Alexander II (1061β1073)
- Pope Gregory VII (1073β1085)
- Pope Eugene III (1145β1153)
- Pope Alexander III (1159β1181)
- Pope Lucius III (1181β1185)
- Pope Urban III (1185β1187)
- Pope Celestine IV (1241)
- Pope Gregory X (1271β1276)
- Pope Benedict XI (1303β1304)
Republic of Genoa
- Pope Innocent IV (1243β1254)
- Pope Adrian V (1276)
- Pope Nicholas V (1447β1455)
- Pope Sixtus IV (1471β1484)
- Pope Innocent VIII (1484β1492)
- Pope Julius II (1503β1513)
Republic of Venice
- Pope Gregory XII (1406β1415)
- Pope Eugene IV (1431β1447)
- Pope Paul II (1464β1471)
- Pope Alexander VIII (1689β1691)
- Pope Clement XIII (1758β1769)
- Pope Gregory XVI (1831β1846)
Republic of Florence/Duchy of Florence/Grand Duchy of Tuscany
- Pope Leo X (1513β1521)
- Pope Clement VII (1523β1534)
- Pope Leo XI (1605)
- Pope Urban VIII (1623β1644)
- Pope Alexander VII (1655β1667)
- Pope Clement IX (1667β1669)
- Pope Clement XII (1730β1740)
Duchy of Milan
- Pope Pius IV (1559β1565)
- Pope Pius V (1566β1572)
- Pope Gregory XIV (1590β1591)
- Pope Innocent XI (1676β1689)
Other Italian States
- Pope Victor III (1086β1087) (Duchy of Benevento)
- Pope Gelasius II (1118β1119) (Duchy of Gaeta)
- Pope Celestine V (1294) (Kingdom of Sicily)
- Pope Pius II (1458β1464) (Republic of Siena)
- Pope Pius III (1503) (Republic of Siena)
Kingdom of Italy (modern) and Italian Republic
- Pope Pius X (1903β1914)
- Pope Benedict XV (1914β1922)
- Pope Pius XI (1922β1939)
- Pope Pius XII (1939β1958)
- Pope John XXIII (1958β1963)
- Pope Paul VI (1963β1978)
- Pope John Paul I (1978)
Netherlands
- Pope Adrian VI (1522β1523) (Bishopric of Utrecht)
Poland
- Pope John Paul II (1978β2005)
Portugal
- Pope John XXI (1276β1277) (Kingdom of Portugal)
Spain
The Kingdom of Valencia was then part of the possessions of the Crown of Aragon; it is now part of modern Spain.
- Pope Callixtus III (1455β1458)
- Pope Alexander VI (1492β1503)
Bibliography
- Saints and Sinners, a History of the Popes. Yale University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-300-07332-1.
- The Incredible Book of Vatican Facts and Papal Curiosities β a treasury of trivia, Gramercy Books, New York, 1998 ISBN 0-517-22083-0
References
External links
- "Every Pope ever: the full list". TheGuardian.com. 13 February 2013. at The Guardian
- "Lista de los Papas: y comentarios triviales". rcadena.net (in Spanish). Translated by R. Cadena Cepeda. Archived from the original on April 15, 2002. Retrieved Aug 13, 2018.
San Pedro (32 AD-67). JudΓo, Pescador. NaciΓ³ en 4 A.C. Casado, con una hija: Petronila. Nombre arameo: SimΓ³n Bar- Jona.
* The list of popes is based on the following bibliography:
- "CrΓ³nica de los Papas": of P.G. Maxwell Stuart,
- "Vatican facts": of Nino Lo Bello,
- "Saints and Sinners": of historian Eamon Duffy
- Liber Pontificalis